CN117858209A

CN117858209A - Wi-Fi and BLE combination chip-oriented energy-saving communication method, device and equipment

Info

Publication number: CN117858209A
Application number: CN202311502229.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程思瑶; 赵锦涛; 闫嘉亮
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2023-11-13
Filing date: 2023-11-13
Publication date: 2024-04-09

Abstract

An energy-saving communication method, device and equipment for Wi-Fi and BLE combined chips relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and the method comprises the following steps: the BLE module receives and demodulates external RTS frame data to obtain a BLE receiving address corresponding to the demodulation of a receiving address field of the RTS frame data; comparing the BLE receiving address with a BLE address corresponding to a Wi-Fi MAC address of a local Wi-Fi module, if the BLE address is consistent with the BLE receiving address, waking up the dormant Wi-Fi module to send a CTS frame acknowledgement, and carrying out data transmission; after the transmission is completed, the Wi-Fi module enters dormancy, and the BLE module continues monitoring; according to the method, by fusing an RTS/CTS mechanism with a cross-technology communication method based on narrowband decoding, the BLE module is used for assisting the Wi-Fi module in monitoring, barriers and barriers between different Wi-Fi and BLE communication protocols are overcome, and Wi-Fi-BLE information exchange is achieved.

Description

Wi-Fi and BLE combination chip-oriented energy-saving communication method, device and equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication.

Background

With the development of the internet of things, various wireless communication technologies are developed to adapt to application requirements in different scenes, such as Wi-Fi, BLE, zigBee and the like. For ease of deployment, many communication protocols operate over the ISM band, which gives opportunities for collaboration between different communication protocols. Wi-Fi and BLE are typically deployed on top of the same communication module as two widely used communication technologies. The two communication technologies have the characteristics of higher Wi-Fi running power, faster transmission rate and lower BLE running power and transmission rate. Taking the Wi-Fi and BLE combined chip WL1831MOD of TI as an example, the operation power consumption of Wi-Fi is typically several tens of milliamperes, and the operation power consumption of BLE is more than one hundred microamperes. In a daily wireless network environment, data transmission between Wi-Fi devices is usually bursty, and most of the communication devices are in idle listening state, and a small part of the communication devices are in data transmission state, but the communication devices still need to consume energy in the idle listening state. Although Wi-Fi and BLE are deployed on the same module and BLE operating power is low, it is difficult to implement heterogeneous collaboration between different communication protocols to save power consumption due to the large difference in protocol design between them.

To achieve cross-technology communication (Cross Technology Communication, CTC), see patent document CN113630209a, existing schemes are based on narrowband decoding, employing a way to achieve information switching at the physical layer signal, using Wi-Fi to send a specific signal to simulate BLE frames. The method mainly focuses on realizing Wi-Fi to BLE cross-technology communication at a signal level, and does not relate to a working mechanism of Wi-Fi at a MAC layer. When in use, the wireless communication system may not work under the specification of Wi-Fi protocol, has certain application limitation, and cannot well realize communication collaboration of BLE to Wi-Fi.

Therefore, how to provide an energy-saving communication method for Wi-Fi and BLE combined chips becomes a technical problem to be solved in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an energy-saving communication method, device and equipment for a Wi-Fi and BLE combined chip, and the method realizes that a BLE module assists a Wi-Fi module to monitor by fusing an RTS/CTS mechanism and a CTC method based on narrowband decoding, overcomes barriers and barriers between different communication protocols of Wi-Fi and BLE, and realizes information exchange from Wi-Fi to BLE.

Based on the same inventive concept, the invention has four independent technical schemes:

1. an energy-saving communication method for Wi-Fi and BLE combined chips, each Wi-Fi and BLE combined chip comprises a BLE module and a Wi-Fi module, and the method comprises the following steps:

s1, enabling the BLE module to receive external RTS frame data and demodulate the external RTS frame data to obtain a BLE receiving address corresponding to demodulation of a receiving address field of the RTS frame data;

s2, comparing the BLE receiving address with a BLE address corresponding to a Wi-Fi MAC address of a local Wi-Fi module, and if the BLE address is consistent with the BLE receiving address, waking up the dormant Wi-Fi module to send a CTS frame confirmation and carrying out data transmission;

and S3, after the transmission is completed, enabling the Wi-Fi module to enter into dormancy, and enabling the BLE module to continue monitoring.

Further, each Wi-Fi module has a different Wi-Fi MAC address, and the pre-generation method of the Wi-Fi MAC address is as follows:

generating a plurality of different BLE addresses, obtaining Wi-Fi MAC addresses corresponding to the BLE addresses, and distributing the Wi-Fi MAC addresses to the Wi-Fi modules.

Further, the bit length of the embedded information in the RTS frame is twice the bit length of the BLE data, and the receiving field of the RTS frame contains the Wi-Fi MAC address of the target;

the receiving field of the RTS frame obtains the BLE receiving address through a narrow-band decoding CTC technology.

Further, the length of the BLE data is 24 bits, and the first 8 bits are BLE lead codes, so that the BLE module can recognize and receive the BLE data; the last 16 bits are BLE receive address for identifying the Wi-Fi module.

Further, obtaining the Wi-Fi MAC address corresponding to the BLE address includes the following steps:

based on the BLE address, reversely pushing to obtain a first Wi-Fi sequence;

scrambling the first Wi-Fi sequence, taking out a data part before a corresponding receiving address from the scrambled frame, and splicing the data part with the first Wi-Fi sequence to obtain a second Wi-Fi sequence;

and descrambling the second Wi-Fi sequence to obtain a third Wi-Fi sequence, wherein the part of the third Wi-Fi sequence corresponding to the first Wi-Fi sequence is the Wi-Fi MAC address.

Further, based on the BLE address, a first Wi-Fi sequence is obtained by reverse pushing, and a reverse pushing method of each sequence is as follows:

starting from the BLE address, if the BLE bit is 0, the symbol phase shift uses-pi/2, and the corresponding Wi-Fi bit is 10; if the BLE bit is 1, the symbol phase shift uses +pi/2, and the corresponding Wi-Fi bit is 01.

Further, a plurality of different BLE addresses are generated, and the following method is adopted:

initializing an address set as an empty set;

dividing the original problem according to a given address length n, a minimum distance d between addresses and a dividing number k, wherein the address lengths corresponding to the sub-problems after division are respectivelyThe minimum distance between the addresses required correspondingly is +.>

Wherein the original problem is to generate a plurality of different BLE addresses;

for each of the sub-problems after the partitioning, the address length of the ith partition is n _i The minimum distance between the required addresses is d _i Calculating to obtain an address solution set by using a maximum clique algorithm, and adding the address solution set into the address set;

traversing the address set, and finding the minimum address solution set size L;

and selecting an address solution set with the size L from the sub-problems of each division according to the minimum address solution set size L, and then splicing the address solution sets of the sub-problems to obtain the address solution set of the original problem.

2. An energy-saving communication device for Wi-Fi and BLE combined chips, comprising:

the demodulation module is used for enabling the BLE module to receive external RTS frame data and demodulate the external RTS frame data to obtain a BLE receiving address corresponding to the demodulation of a receiving address field of the RTS frame data;

the confirmation transmission module is used for comparing the BLE receiving address with a BLE address corresponding to a Wi-Fi MAC address of the local Wi-Fi module, and if the BLE address is consistent with the BLE receiving address, waking up the dormant Wi-Fi module to send a CTS frame confirmation and carrying out data transmission;

and the dormancy module is used for enabling the Wi-Fi module to enter dormancy after the transmission is completed, and the BLE module continues to monitor.

3. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the method described above.

4. An electronic device comprises a processor and a storage device, wherein a plurality of instructions are stored in the storage device, and the processor is used for reading the plurality of instructions in the storage device and executing the method.

The energy-saving communication method, the device and the equipment for the Wi-Fi and BLE combined chip provided by the invention at least comprise the following beneficial effects:

(1) According to the method, by fusing an RTS/CTS mechanism and a CTC method based on narrowband decoding, the BLE module is used for assisting the Wi-Fi module in monitoring. Compared with the traditional Wi-Fi and BLE combined chip, the cooperation among different modules is enhanced, and because BLE is narrowband communication, the operation power consumption is smaller, and the power consumption performance of the whole module can be improved by using BLE to assist Wi-Fi.

(2) The method provides different Wi-Fi MAC addresses based on BLE addresses, and provides a BLE address generating method which adopts a maximum clique algorithm to generate the BLE addresses with the discrimination as much as possible, and meanwhile, the number of the addresses is as much as possible.

(3) Compared with the existing CTC method, the method does not need to modify Wi-Fi protocol, ensures the transparency of Wi-Fi transmission, and has low cost and deployment cost.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will briefly introduce the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an 802.11b physical layer frame structure and a modulation method thereof;

fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of an energy-saving communication method for Wi-Fi and BLE combined chips provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an RTS/CTS process;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an RTS frame structure;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an 802.11b transmission flow;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the effect of noise on BLE demodulation;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of address bit generation based on a maximum clique algorithm;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of approximate BLE address bit generation based on a maximum clique algorithm;

figure 9 is a flow chart for generating and assigning Wi-Fi addresses from BLE addresses;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of comparing an energy-saving communication method for Wi-Fi and BLE combined chips with a conventional communication method.

Detailed Description

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system configurations, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The following description of the embodiments of the present application, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, clearly and fully describes the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and it is evident that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

The explosion of wireless communication and internet of things brings great convenience to the social development, and simultaneously, the massive coexistence of heterogeneous communication devices brings new challenges and opportunities. According to the communication characteristics of BLE (Bluetooth Low energy) and Wi-Fi, the embodiment provides a scheme for monitoring by using BLE to assist Wi-Fi. Specifically, the embodiment researches an RTS/CTS mechanism in a Wi-Fi communication process, and proposes a Wi-Fi MAC address design scheme based on an existing Wi-Fi to BLE cross-technology communication method, so that BLE can accurately identify a receiving address and a sending address in a Wi-Fi sending RTS frame. Therefore, the BLE proxy Wi-Fi receiving end can be used for monitoring, and the original Wi-Fi receiving end can enter a dormant state, so that the purpose of saving power consumption is achieved. Meanwhile, the effect of different BLE end addresses on idle monitoring is researched, the problem is converted into the maximum group problem, and an approximation algorithm is provided for solving the problem, so that the accuracy and the stability of RTS frame receiving under multiple devices are improved.

For ease of understanding, the technical basis of this embodiment, including the modulation procedure of the IEEE 802.11b protocol and the data demodulation procedure of BLE, is first described, while the basic principle of the Wi-Fi to BLE cross-technology communication method based on which the narrowband decoding technique is used is described.

wi-Fi data modulation procedure

The WiFi physical layer data frame is composed of multiple parts. The framing procedure is completed by a physical layer convergence procedure (Physical Layer Convergence Procedure, PLCP) sub-layer. The physical layer frame is also called PLCP frame, and the structure is shown in fig. 1. The frame starts as a Preamble (Preamble) and is divided into SYNC and SFD areas. The preamble is divided into two formats, a long preamble and a short preamble. The long preamble has a length of 144 bits and the short preamble has a length of 72 bits. The short preamble can effectively reduce the length of the physical layer data frame, thereby improving the communication throughput rate. And then a Signal field, which is used to define the communication rate. The Length field is used to indicate the Length of the MAC frame encapsulated during transmission. Followed by a CRC field for frame verification.

The signaling function of WiFi is implemented in the physical media dependent (Physical Medium Dependent, PMD) sub-layer. As shown in fig. 5, the transmitter of WiFi first scrambles the PLCP layer frame. The scrambling process is implemented using a linear feedback shift register (Linear Feedback Shift Register), using a characteristic polynomial of G (Z) =z ^-7 +Z ^-4 +1. If a long preamble is used, the initial data pattern is [1101100 ]]Wherein Z is ¹ ＝1,…,Z ⁷ =0. If a short preamble is used, the initial data pattern is [0011011 ]]. After scrambling, I/Q signals are modulated by different modulation modes, and finally are transmitted by an antenna.

BLE data demodulation procedure

BLE uses gaussian frequency shift keying (Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying, GFSK) modulation scheme in the physical layer. Typically the communication rate of BLE is 1Mbps. The BLE physical layer packet format is composed of a Preamble (Preamble), an Access Address (Access Address), a protocol data unit (Protocol Data Unit, PDU), a cyclic redundancy check code (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC), and the like. Wherein the preamble is used for frequency synchronization and communication detection. The preamble in BLE data message is 10101010 or 01010101.

3. CTC method based on narrowband decoding

Narrowband decoding refers to the feature that after a wideband signal is changed into a narrowband signal through a filter, some original information can be kept. According to the IEEE 802.11b standard, wiFi uses DSSS technology and differential quadrature phase shift keying modulation technology at the physical layer. Differential quadrature phase shift keying maps the data stream into I/Q signals in the constellation as a group of 2 bits. The direct sequence spread spectrum technique then spreads a '1' to a sequence 10110111000 using an 11 bit barker code and a '0' to a corresponding complement 01001000111. An RF signal is then generated by the transmitter and sent over the air. After the wireless signal generated by WiFi passes through a 1MHz low-pass filter of BLE, some original characteristics are reserved in phase. And BLE can be converted with each other between phase information and frequency information at a physical layer using GFSK modulation demodulation technique, which demodulates information by calculating a phase difference between I/Q signals. If the phase difference between two symbols is positive, bit 1 is demodulated, and if the phase difference between two symbols is negative, bit 0 is demodulated. The existing research finds that after the chip sequence generated by WiFi spread spectrum passes through a BLE 1MHz low-pass filter, the chip sequence has a corresponding relation with data bits demodulated on the BLE side. Specifically, the number of 1 s in the sequence spread by the bit 1 is large, the waveform is positive after passing through the filter, and the signal of the bit 0 is negative after passing through the filter. Therefore, we can establish a correspondence between WiFi data bits and BLE data bits, which allows us to realize cross-technology communication from WiFi to BLE.

The embodiment of the patent is based on the CTC method, and particularly the CTC method provides a method for converting Wi-Fi signals into BLE data. However our work requires:

1. let BLE receive the RTS frame. The RTS frame belongs to the MAC layer frame. In Wi-Fi, a series of processing procedures from an RTS frame to a Wi-Fi signal are required: the RTS frame is a MAC frame, also called MPDU, at the MAC layer. And assembling a PLCP sub-layer delivered to the physical layer, wherein the PLCP sub-layer adds a preamble and a header to form a PLCP frame, which is also called a PPDU, before the RTS frame. The PLCP frame is also scrambled to become a scrambled bit sequence. And processing the signal layer after obtaining the bit sequence, and modulating and spreading by using a corresponding modulation mode. Our work is therefore based on this CTC approach, on which we further explore the MAC layer data bit to BLE data conversion relationship.

2. The effect of BLE receiving RTS frames is improved, and this part does not relate to the CTC method, but is relevant to the present embodiment scenario. Because different data in the RTS frame affects the receiving effect of BLE, BLE identification mainly has two cases: first, the RTS frame is received as an identification error of the local Wi-Fi device, resulting in failure to wake up the local Wi-Fi device. Secondly, the RTS frame receiving address is used as the identification error of other Wi-Fi equipment of the network to be used as the local Wi-Fi equipment address, so that the local Wi-Fi equipment is awakened by error. Therefore, we choose to use DQPSK mode and make the adjacent symbol phase +pi/2 or-pi/2, enhancing the interference immunity. Secondly, a BLE address bit generation algorithm based on a maximum clique algorithm is provided to make the address space as large as possible, and the probability of misidentification as addresses of other network Wi-Fi devices is reduced.

Embodiment one:

referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, there is provided an energy-saving communication method for Wi-Fi and BLE combined chips, each of which includes a BLE module and a Wi-Fi module, the method including the steps of:

s1, the BLE module receives external RTS frame data and demodulates the external RTS frame data to obtain a BLE receiving address corresponding to demodulation of a receiving address field of the RTS frame data;

and S3, after the transmission is completed, the Wi-Fi module enters dormancy, and the BLE module continues to monitor.

IEEE 802.11 uses Carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol at the MAC layer to control medium access. A Request To Send/Clear To Send (RTS/CTS) mechanism is also introduced in IEEE 802.11.

As shown in fig. 3, when a certain node needs to transmit a data frame, it will first send an RTS frame to reserve a channel, where the RTS frame includes a receiving address and a sending address, and the receiving side determines whether to send a CTS frame to the sending side to indicate acknowledgement according to whether the receiving address is consistent with the local address, and then carries out specific data frame transmission. While other stations remain silent after receiving the RTS frame and CTS frame.

Specifically, after the sending end sends the RTS frame and a short inter-frame space (Short Interframe Space, SIFS), the receiving end replies with a CTS frame. And then transmitting the data frames after the short inter-frame interval. In this process, if there are other stations, after receiving the RTS frame and the CTS frame, the other stations use the network allocation vector (Network Allocation Vector, NAV) to indicate the busy state of the medium according to the definition of the MAC layer listening function of Wi-Fi, and set the NAV to a specific value, which is continuously attenuated with time. After the entire transmission process is completed, and after a distributed inter-frame space (Distributed Interframe Space, DIFS), the medium is considered to be in an idle state, which is accessible to other stations.

Therefore, in the Wi-Fi and BLE combined chip, when the Wi-Fi module is used as a receiving end, the Wi-Fi module can be put into a dormant state, and BLE is used for receiving an RTS frame sent by the Wi-Fi sending end, effectively identifying information of the RTS frame and judging whether a receiving address in the RTS frame is a local Wi-Fi address or not, so that whether the local Wi-Fi device needs to be awakened for carrying out CTS frame reply and subsequent data frame transmission is judged according to the information.

Specifically, in step S1, the length of the information embedded in the RTS frame is twice the length of the BLE data, and the receiving field of the RTS frame includes the Wi-Fi MAC address of the target;

the receiving field of the RTS frame obtains the BLE receiving address through a narrow-band decoding CTC technology, and the mapping relation from Wi-Fi data bits to BLE data bits can be realized through the existing narrow-band decoding-based CTC method. .

As shown in fig. 4, the RTS Frame is composed of fields such as Frame Control (Frame Control), duration (Duration), receiver Address (Receiver Address), transmission Address (Transmitter Address), and Frame check sequence (Frame Check Sequence). Where the identity of the sender and the receiver is identified using a received address and a transmitted address, the address length being 48 bits.

The address field has corresponding address bits at the BLE end according to the CTC method based on narrowband decoding.

BLE may determine whether the demodulated bits are consistent with expectations to decide whether to wake up the local Wi-Fi device for further communication.

As a preferred embodiment, the length of the BLE data is 24 bits, and the first 8 bits are BLE preambles, so that the BLE module recognizes the reception; the last 16 bits are BLE receive address for identifying the Wi-Fi module.

For the specific MAC address of the designed Wi-Fi, the length of the specific MAC address is 48 bits, a corresponding BLE address with the length of 24 bits can be obtained at the BLE end through a CTC technology of narrowband decoding, the first 8 bits of the address are a preamble code of BLE so as to enable the BLE to be received, and other parts of the address are used for identifying Wi-Fi equipment, so that the function of auxiliary monitoring is played in the RTS/CTS process.

In particular, if DQPSK modulation is used, every 2 data bits at Wi-Fi end will be demodulated into 1 data bit at BLE end. Thus, the receive address and transmit address fields will demodulate to 24+24=48 bits at the BLE receiver. According to the BLE protocol, the shortest length of a BLE physical layer packet is 10 bytes. The shortest BLE physical layer packet cannot be constructed with only the receiving address and the transmitting address. Although there are other fields for PLCP frames and RTS framesBut in order not to break the inherent IEEE 802.11b physical layer and RTS/CTS mechanisms, to preserve transparency during Wi-Fi transmission, we cannot modify the contents of these fields at will. In addition, the symbol phase difference at the BLE end after the field bits are modulated may not beOr->As shown in fig. 6, when the phase difference is pi, noise interference is likely to occur, and the demodulated content is likely to change, affecting the BLE identification.

For the address field, since Wi-Fi uses a random MAC address mechanism, the MAC address of the device is variable, so that we can allocate to the specific MAC address of Wi-Fi device, so that the modulated symbol has better stability when it is demodulated by BLE, i.e. the phase difference between adjacent symbols isOr->

Furthermore, we require that the address bits demodulated by BLE start to be the preamble of the BLE physical layer packet (01010101 b or 10101010 b), then add logic to process the received RTS frame at the BLE physical layer, and at the same time, do not destroy the original processing flow of processing the normal BLE packet.

As a preferred implementation mode, each Wi-Fi module has a different Wi-FiMAC address, and the pre-generation method of the Wi-FiMAC address is as follows:

generating a plurality of different BLE addresses, obtaining Wi-FiMAC addresses corresponding to the BLE addresses, and distributing the Wi-FiMAC addresses to the Wi-Fi modules.

In this method, when addresses are allocated to each Wi-Fi module, we also need to consider the difference between the BLE bits demodulated from different Wi-Fi addresses, if the difference between the addresses is too small,the false alarm rate during bluetooth identification may be increased, which affects the normal data transmission process. Therefore, we need to design addresses with a differentiation for different devices. Assuming that the addresses consist of n-bit bits, we use hamming distances to characterize the differences between addresses. For addresses A and B, the distance between the two addresses is(XOR stands for exclusive OR). Our goal is to find addresses that have as differentiation as possible, while making the number of such addresses as large as possible.

Therefore, we can consider the following problem, given the number of address bits n, distance d0, solving the address set S such that And |s| is made as large as possible. This problem can be translated into the biggest group problem in graph theory.

The biggest cluster problem refers to: given the undirected graph g= (V, E), a complete sub-graph G '= (V', E ') is solved such that |v' | is as large as possible. For a bit sequence of length n, it may represent an address space size of 2 ⁿ . We can map 2n addresses to 2 in the graph ⁿ The addresses are used as vertex numbers. For vertex x, the vertex number is L (x). We add edges to the graph in such a way:the edge (x, y) E is equal to and only equal to d (L (x), L (y)) ≡d ₀ . The biggest cluster problem proved to be NP-complete. There are many algorithms to solve the maximum clique problem, here we get the maximum clique of the graph based on an improved maximum clique solving algorithm based on the Bron-Kerbosch algorithm proposed by Eppstein et al. Therefore, we can translate the problem of solving the maximum address set into a maximum clique problem. The set of address bits then corresponds to the number of vertices in the maximum clique. The algorithmic process is shown in fig. 7.

In practical application, the address in the 802.11MAC frame is 48 bits, and after conversion, the address is 24 bits at the BLE end, wherein the address is 16 bits for device identification, so the address set size is 2 ¹⁶ The vertex number of the corresponding graph is 2 ¹⁶ . As can be seen from the algorithm of FIG. 7, the complexity of the mapping process is O (|V|) ² ). For an n-bit address, a given distance d ₀ We can divide the address into k parts, the number of address bits is respectivelyCorresponding to given distances respectively ofThus, we divide the original problem into k sub-problems. Let the solution of the sub-problem corresponding to the ith division be S _i The solution of the original problem can be obtained by utilizing the solution and splicing of the sub-problems, and the corresponding part of the ith division of the original problem address sequence uses S _i In the sequence, the hamming distance d= Σdbetween two addresses of length n thus obtained _i . In constructing a feasible solution to the original problem from the solutions to the sub-problems, it can be found that the size of the solution to the original problem depends on the minimum value in the solution to the sub-problem, and in order to make the resulting address set as large as possible, we need to make the solution to the minimum value problem as large as possible. We therefore need to divide the original address length uniformly so that the minimum set of sub-problem solutions is as large as possible. Let the solution of the original problem be S ', the approximate ratio of the algorithm be |S' |/min (|S) _i |) is provided. Setting the minimum value in the sub-problem solutions as m, and setting the number of possible solutions of the original problem as +.>(P represents the permutation). In general, i S' is much larger than the number of addresses we need, so we can reasonably set the number of divisions as needed, and then select the addresses in the sub-problem solution to be combined to generate the address sequence of the original problem. The algorithmic process is shown in fig. 8.

As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of different BLE addresses are generated by the following method:

s111, initializing an address set as an empty set;

s112, dividing the original problem according to a given address length n, a minimum distance d between addresses and a dividing number k, wherein the address lengths corresponding to the sub-problems after division are respectivelyThe minimum distance between the addresses required correspondingly is +.>

s113, for each divided sub-problem, the address length of the ith division is n _i The minimum distance between the required addresses is d _i Calculating to obtain an address solution set by using a maximum clique algorithm, and adding the address solution set into the address set;

s114, traversing an address set, and finding the minimum address solution set size L from the address set;

s115, selecting an address solution set with the size of L from the sub-problems of each division according to the size of the minimum address solution set L, and then splicing the address solution sets of the sub-problems to obtain the address solution set of the original problem.

As a preferred embodiment, the Wi-Fi MAC address corresponding to the BLE address is obtained according to a plurality of different BLE addresses generated in advance, and the method includes the following steps:

s121, based on the BLE address, reversely pushing to obtain a first Wi-Fi sequence;

s122, scrambling the first Wi-Fi sequence, taking out a data part before a corresponding receiving address from the scrambled frame, and splicing the data part with the first Wi-Fi sequence to obtain a second Wi-Fi sequence;

s123, descrambling the second Wi-Fi sequence to obtain a third Wi-Fi sequence, wherein the part of the third Wi-Fi sequence corresponding to the first Wi-Fi sequence is the Wi-Fi MAC address.

In step S121, based on the BLE address, a first Wi-Fi sequence is obtained by reverse pushing, and a reverse pushing method of each sequence is as follows:

According to fig. 6 and the corresponding description, when the method is adopted to reversely push, the modulated symbol has better stability when being demodulated by BLE, and the stability of system communication can be better maintained.

Specifically, since BLE needs to determine whether the address is consistent with the expected address in the process of proxy receiving RTS frame, we need to generate BLE address in advance, and then generate the corresponding Wi-Fi MAC address. The BLE address sequence can be generated by a maximum-clique algorithm, and the generated address sequence can have a certain distinction degree by setting parameters. According to the conversion relation of narrowband decoding, each bit in the BLE address sequence corresponds to two adjacent symbols of Wi-Fi, and because BLE uses a GFSK modulation mode, the phase difference between adjacent symbols determines the demodulated bit. The MAC address part uses a DQPSK modulation method, so that Wi-Fi bit sequences corresponding to the MAC address part before modulation can be reversely deduced.

Referring to fig. 9, starting from the generated BLE address bit sequence, if the BLE bit is 0, the symbol phase shift uses-pi/2, and the corresponding Wi-Fi bit is 10; if the BLE bit is 1, the symbol phase shift uses +pi/2, corresponding to Wi-Fi bit 01.

The Wi-Fi bit sequence obtained at this time is scrambled data of the PPDU, and a descrambling process is required.

Since each generated bit depends on the current register state in the scrambling process, that is, the newly generated bit is related to the bit generated by the previous scrambling, we can generate an RTS frame corresponding to a certain receiving address and transmitting address, where the RTS frame is data of the MAC layer, and the RTS frame is delivered to the PLCP layer as a physical convergence layer service data unit PSDU.

After generating the PSDU, a preamble and a header need to be added thereto to constitute a physical convergence layer protocol data unit PPDU.

Here, the PPDU uses a short preamble and then scrambles it. And then, the data part before the corresponding receiving address is taken out from the scrambled frame, the Wi-Fi bit sequence which is obtained by the reverse pushing of the BLE address sequence is spliced at the part, and then descrambling operation is carried out.

The bit sequence obtained after descrambling and the part corresponding to the address bit sequence obtained by inverse pushing in the data before descrambling are the Wi-Fi end MAC address which is expected to be obtained. The resulting MAC address may then be assigned to the Wi-Fi device.

The method provided by this embodiment is further described based on a specific application scenario:

firstly, generating a BLE end address set by using an algorithm shown in fig. 8, and reversely pushing the BLE end address set to obtain a corresponding Wi-Fi bit sequence set by using the method.

For a Wi-Fi basic service set, the RTS threshold and the fragmentation threshold of the access point are configured to be the same value, the value is recorded as T, the Duration field value in the RTS frame is calculated according to the value, then two addresses are randomly generated and filled in the transmitting address and receiving address fields of the RTS frame, and then the frame check code field is calculated, so that a legal RTS frame is generated.

The PLCP frame is then assembled, configuring the preamble as a short preamble. Then, a scrambling operation is performed on the PLCP frame to obtain a scrambled bit sequence. Then a sequence S with a length of 152 bits from the beginning is selected ₁ 。

For Wi-Fi and BLE combined module equipment serving as a workstation in Wi-Fi basic service set, firstly, one address S is selected from a generated BLE end address set _b And obtain Wi-Fi bit sequence S generated by corresponding inverse push _w Splicing the address sequence to a selected sequence S with the length of 152 bits ₁ Thereafter, a sequence S of 200 bits in length is obtained ₂ 。

Then sequence S ₂ Descrambling operation is performed to obtain a sequence S ₃ 。

Then from sequence S ₃ And selecting a sequence with the end length of 48 bits, and setting the sequence as the MAC address of the corresponding Wi-Fi module by the current Wi-Fi and BLE combined module device.

Next, in the communication process between Wi-Fi and BLE combined module equipment and an access point, a Wi-Fi module in the combined module equipment can enter a dormant state, and channel monitoring is assisted by the BLE module, when the access point transmits data to the combined module equipment, an RTS frame request channel is first sent, a receiving address field in the RTS frame is a MAC address of Wi-Fi of the combined module, and the BLE module in the combined module demodulates a portion of the receiving address field corresponding to the RTS frame to obtain a corresponding bit sequence S _r Comparison S _r And S is equal to _b If so, waking up the Wi-Fi module to reply the CTS frame and carrying out subsequent data transmission.

The comparison between the method provided in this embodiment and the existing Wi-Fi communication method monitored by the conventional bluetooth-free module is shown in fig. 10.

After the data transmission is completed, the Wi-Fi module in the device can enter a dormant state, and the BLE module continues to assist the Wi-Fi module in idle monitoring.

Alternatively, it is also possible to configure a long preamble when assembling PLCP frames, in which case the scrambling requires the selection of a sequence S of 224 bits from the beginning ₁ . Obtaining a Wi-Fi bit sequence S generated by reverse pushing _w Then, the address sequence is spliced to a selected sequence S with 224 bits ₁ Thereafter, a sequence S of 272 bits in length is obtained ₂ 。

In implementation, if the time for the BLE module to wake up the Wi-Fi module is longer than the short frame interval, the Wi-Fi transmitting end retransmits the RTS frame, and in this case, the Wi-Fi module receives the retransmitted RTS frame, replies the CTS frame, and performs subsequent data transmission.

Embodiment two:

in some embodiments, there is provided a Wi-Fi and BLE combination chip oriented energy saving communication device comprising:

Embodiment III:

in some embodiments, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the above method.

Embodiment four:

in some embodiments, an electronic device is provided that includes a processor and a storage device having a plurality of instructions stored therein, the processor configured to read the plurality of instructions in the storage device and perform the method described above.

It should be appreciated that in embodiments of the present application, the processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), which may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

The memory may include read-only memory, flash memory, and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor. Some or all of the memory may also include non-volatile random access memory.

It should be appreciated that the above-described integrated modules/units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the present application may implement all or part of the flow of the method of the above embodiment, or may be implemented by instructing related hardware by a computer program, where the computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the computer program may implement the steps of each method embodiment described above when executed by a processor. The computer program comprises computer program code, and the computer program code can be in a source code form, an object code form, an executable file or some intermediate form and the like. The computer readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code described above, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer Memory, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal, a software distribution medium, and so forth. The content of the computer readable storage medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of the legislation and the patent practice in the jurisdiction.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus/terminal device and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus/device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of modules or elements described above is merely a logical functional division, and may be implemented in other ways, e.g., multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The energy-saving communication method for Wi-Fi and BLE combined chips is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein each Wi-Fi module has a different Wi-Fi MAC address, and wherein the pre-generation method of the Wi-Fi MAC address is as follows:

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the bit length of the embedded information in the RTS frame is twice the bit length of the BLE data, and the received field of the RTS frame contains the Wi-Fi MAC address of the target;

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the BLE data is 24 bits long and the first 8 bits are a BLE preamble for the BLE module to recognize reception; the last 16 bits are BLE receive address for identifying the Wi-Fi module.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein obtaining the Wi-Fi MAC address corresponding to the BLE address comprises the steps of:

based on the BLE address, reversely pushing to obtain a first Wi-Fi sequence;

6. The method of claim 5, wherein a first Wi-Fi sequence is derived based on the BLE address by a reverse-push method of each sequence as follows:

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of different BLE addresses are generated by:

initializing an address set as an empty set;

and selecting an address solution set with the size L from the sub-problems of each division according to the size L of the minimum address solution set, and then splicing the address solution sets of the sub-problems to obtain the address solution set of the original problem.

8. An energy-saving communication device for Wi-Fi and BLE combined chips, comprising:

9. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor performs the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory means, wherein a plurality of instructions are stored in the memory means, the processor being arranged to read the plurality of instructions in the memory means and to perform the method of any of claims 1-7.