CN117857988A - Integrated loudspeaker outside vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated loudspeaker outside a vehicle, and belongs to the field of loudspeakers. The external integrated loudspeaker comprises a fixing system, a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system, wherein the fixing system comprises a conical basin frame, the vibration system comprises a voice coil and a voice coil, and the voice coil is hung in a magnetic gap and charged to cause the vibration system to emit sound under a preset frequency. A sound amplifying cover is arranged along the propagation direction of sound emitted by the vibration system and is buckled with the conical basin frame to fix the cone, and the sound amplifying cover is positioned at the front side of the vibration system; the speaker cover is used to amplify sounds within a pre-broad frequency and pass sounds outside the pre-broad frequency unchanged. Through this application, can reduce speaker overall structure volume to and improve warning signal's sensitivity and reduce the distortion degree of speaker quality.

Description

Integrated loudspeaker outside vehicle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of speakers, and particularly relates to an external integrated speaker.

Background

The traditional fuel automobile adopts the internal combustion engine as power, so that a driver and other pedestrians on the road can hear the noise generated by the engine and an exhaust system, and the traditional fuel automobile has a safety prompt effect on the pedestrians on the road. However, as electric vehicles are increasingly popular in people's lives, electric vehicles do not generate typical noise of an engine and exhaust gas because they do not include an internal combustion engine; such a typical noise absence may not be as critical to the driver, but may be dangerous to other road pedestrians, for example, who may want to traverse the road and may not be aware that the vehicle is approaching; in order to make up for the lack of safety prompt effect of the electric automobile, a warning loudspeaker is generated.

As is well known, an electric vehicle generally comprises a plurality of loudspeakers for different functions and applications; such as each electric car, needs to include a signal horn that produces sound at a relatively high frequency; for another example, some electric vehicles also include a plurality of warning speakers that can output a synthetic engine sound similar to a conventional combustion engine sound to alert pedestrians or other road users to the presence of a vehicle; as well as many additional speakers used in other applications, such as electric vehicles. Currently, in order to upgrade and reform the cost, energy conservation and functions of vehicles, various large electric vehicle manufacturers have appeared on the market multi-functional integrated speakers such as pedestrian safety warning, external voice broadcasting and signal speakers. However, the integrated loudspeaker outside the automobile at present has the defects of lower sensitivity of warning signals and higher distortion of the overall loudspeaker quality because the integrated degree is not high, which leads to larger volume of the whole product and unreasonable design of the integrated structure of the product.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one technical problem, the invention provides an external integrated loudspeaker, which can reduce the volume of the whole structure, improve the sensitivity of warning signals and reduce the distortion of the loudspeaker quality by optimizing the integrated structure of a product.

The application provides an off-board integrated speaker; it comprises the following steps:

the fixing system comprises a conical basin frame;

the magnetic circuit system is fixedly arranged at one end of the conical cavity far away from the conical basin frame and is provided with a magnetic gap;

the vibration system is accommodated in the conical cavity of the conical basin frame and comprises a cone and a voice coil arranged at the bottom end of the cone, and the voice coil is hung in the magnetic gap and charged to cause the vibration system to emit sound under a preset broadband frequency;

wherein, a sound amplifying cover is arranged along the propagation direction of the sound emitted by the vibration system, the sound amplifying cover is buckled with the cone-shaped basin frame to fix the cone, and the sound amplifying cover is positioned at the front side of the vibration system; the speaker cover is for amplifying sound within the pre-broad frequency and passing sound outside the pre-broad frequency unchanged.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the sound amplifying cover is arranged along the propagation direction of sound emitted by the vibration system and is positioned at the front side of the sound disc of the vibration system; when the voice coil of the vibration system is hung in the magnetic gap formed by the magnetic circuit system and charged, the vibration system can be caused to emit sound with a pre-wide frequency, and the sound with the pre-wide frequency forms superposition reflection of physical sound waves through the structure of the sound amplifying cover to amplify the sound with the pre-wide frequency so as to improve the sound sensitivity, and the sound with the pre-wide frequency passes through unchanged.

Preferably, the sound amplifying cover comprises a sound amplifying part, a buckling part formed by extending outwards from a large opening end of the sound amplifying part, and an arch part formed by extending inwards from a small opening end of the sound amplifying part, wherein the arch part is formed by deviating from the bulge of the vibration system, and the sound amplifying part and the conical cavity of the conical basin frame are arranged in a profiling mode.

Preferably, the amplifying part is formed by inclining inwards from the circumferential inner edge of the fastening part towards the center of the arch part, and the amplifying part and the conical cavity surface of the conical basin frame have an increasing distance.

Preferably, the sound amplifying part is provided with arc holes periodically along the direction parallel to the axis, and the arch part is provided with linear holes periodically along the direction parallel to the axis.

Preferably, the voice coil loudspeaker cover is equipped with the shield towards a shield of public address lid end, the shield with arch coaxial line and profile modeling setting, and the depth of shield is greater than the depth of arch.

Preferably, the cone comprises a plane part, a folded ring part and a conical part; the ring folding part is positioned at the inner side of the plane part, the outer edge of the ring folding part is connected with the outer edge of the conical part, and the inner edge of the conical part is connected with the voice coil; the inclination angle of the conical part is between the inclination angle of the conical cavity of the conical basin frame and the inclination angle of the amplifying part.

Preferably, the ring-folding part has an asymmetric wavy structure, and the peak corresponding to the crest part of the ring-folding part is outwards offset.

Preferably, through holes are periodically formed in the conical surface wall of the conical basin frame, and vertical columns are arranged on the conical surface wall between two adjacent through holes.

Preferably, the fixing system further comprises a rear cover arranged on the conical basin frame, the rear cover and the conical basin frame enclose to form a rear cavity, and the rear cover is provided with a ventilation film and a metal plate bracket.

Preferably, the range of the pre-broad frequency is 500 Hz-4000 Hz.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an external integrated speaker provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of an external integrated speaker provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an off-vehicle integrated speaker provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an audio disc according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of the symbol A of FIG. 3;

fig. 6 is another perspective view of the integrated speaker outside the vehicle provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a test effect diagram of the vehicle exterior integrated speaker provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a perspective view of a speaker cover according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a perspective view of a conical basin stand according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

10-a fixation system;

11-conical basin frames, 111-through holes, 112-vertical columns, 12-rear covers, 121-breathable films and 122-sheet metal brackets;

20-a magnetic circuit system;

21-washer, 22-magnet, 23-U iron, 231-vent;

30-a vibration system;

31-voice coil, 311-plane part, 312-folded ring part, 313-cone part, 32-voice coil, 33-elastic wave and 34-dust cover;

40-amplifying cover;

41-amplifying part, 411-arc hole, 42-fastening part, 43-arch part, 431-linear hole.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended to illustrate embodiments of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the embodiments of the present invention and simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, either permanently connected, removably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.

Example 1

The vehicle includes components that generate noise that is typically audible to the driver, any passengers in the passenger compartment, and road users around the vehicle. In new vehicle architectures and drive modes, the noise may be reduced or even completely absent, such as where an electric vehicle does not include an internal combustion engine, does not produce typical engine and exhaust noise, and thus the expected noise that needs to be produced when operating the vehicle, such as speakers including acoustic warning. In addition, vehicles include several other systems and applications that require additional speakers, such as each vehicle that includes a signal horn that emits a sound generally similar to a "whistle" or "beep. The driver may use the signal horn to alert other road users to the approach or presence of a vehicle or to draw attention to any type of hazard. For upgrading and reforming the cost, energy saving and functions of vehicles, various large electric vehicle manufacturers have tried to integrate the functions of pedestrian safety warning, off-vehicle voice broadcasting, signal speakers and the like into one speaker, which is called an off-vehicle integrated speaker.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present embodiment provides an external integrated speaker, which includes a fixing system 10, a magnetic circuit system 20 and a vibration system 30, where the magnetic circuit system 20 and the vibration system 30 are contained in the fixing system 10, so that the thickness of the whole external integrated speaker can be reduced, thereby further reducing the overall product size of the external integrated speaker, and being beneficial to product thinning; and the vibration system 30 and the magnetic circuit system 20 can be prevented from being influenced by the outside, and the distortion phenomenon of the sound emitted by the integrated speaker outside the vehicle can be prevented. Specifically, the fixing system 10 includes a conical basin frame 11 and a rear cover 12 mounted at one end of the conical basin frame, wherein a sheet metal bracket 122 is mounted on the rear cover 12, and the vehicle exterior integrated speaker is adjustably mounted on the electric vehicle through the sheet metal bracket 122.

Further, the rear cover 12 and the conical basin frame 11 enclose a rear cavity, and the magnetic circuit system 20 is disposed in the rear cavity. Preferably, the rear cover 12 is provided with a ventilation membrane 121 for communicating the rear cavity with the outside. In this embodiment, the magnetic circuit 20 includes a washer 21, a magnet 22, and a U-iron 23, where the washer 21 and the magnet 22 are disposed in the U-iron 23, the washer 21 is located above the magnet 22, and a gap between the washer 21 and the magnet 22 and the U-iron 23 forms the magnetic gap; magnetizing the magnetic circuit system 20 by using magnetizing equipment, and then assembling the magnetic circuit system on the conical basin frame 11 through a tooling fixture. Specifically, the magnet 22 is a neodymium iron boron magnet, so that the magnetic field intensity in the magnetic gap is further enhanced, the magnetic force received by the voice coil in the magnetic gap is larger, the voice coil vibrates more stably, and the problems of polarization and coil rubbing of the voice coil are further avoided. Moreover, the magnet 22 is a neodymium-iron-boron magnet, because the magnetic field strength of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet is larger than that of a ferrite magnet, and the thickness of the neodymium-iron-boron magnet can be reduced under the condition that the same magnetic field strength is required, so that the loudspeaker is lighter and thinner. Preferably, the central parts of the washer 21 and the U-iron 23 are provided with a communicating vent hole 231, and the vent hole 231 communicates the vibration system 30 with the periphery of the bottom of the magnetic circuit system 20. Further, the diameter of the vent hole at the U-shaped iron 23 is larger than that of the vent hole at the washer 21, so that the air flow can be more stable when flowing, and the larger vent hole at the U-shaped iron 23 plays a role in stabilizing the flow, so that a better heat dissipation effect is achieved. Alternatively, the diameters of the ventilation holes of the washer 21 and the U-shaped iron 23 may be set as required, and the ventilation holes may be rectangular or other shapes, which is not limited in the present invention.

Further, the vibration system 30 is accommodated in the conical cavity of the conical basin frame 11, and comprises a sound disc 31, a voice coil 32 and a damper 33, wherein the radially inner edge of the damper 33 is connected with the outer edge of the middle position of the voice coil 32, the radially outer edge of the damper 33 is arranged on the inner wall of the conical basin frame 11, and the damper 33 provides a supporting function for the balance of the vibration system 30 and controls the compliance of the vibration system 30.

Further, the voice coil 31 is provided with a dust cover 34 away from an end cover of the magnetic circuit system 20, and the dust cover 34 plays a role in closing an opening at the voice coil 32, so that dust and foreign matters are prevented from falling into the loudspeaker, and the performance and the service life of the loudspeaker are affected. On the other hand, providing the dust cover 34 can improve the acoustic effect of the speaker.

As shown in fig. 4, the basin 31 includes a flat portion 311, a folded ring portion 312, and a tapered portion 313, and the basin 31 is fixed by the flat portion 311. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the collar portion 312 is located inside the planar portion 311, the outer edge of the collar portion 312 is connected to the outer edge of the tapered portion 313, the inner edge of the tapered portion 313 is connected to the upper end of the voice coil 32, and the lower end of the voice coil wound with a wire is inserted into the magnetic gap. Further, two leads are led out from the voice coil 32, and the two leads are distributed in a form of central symmetry of the voice coil; the lead is led out from the voice coil in a central symmetry mode, so that the problem of polarization caused by uneven quality of the voice coil due to the lead can be avoided, and the stable performance of the loudspeaker is ensured. Alternatively, the lead may be led out in other manners, which is not limited by the present invention. In specific practice, the voice coil 32 is suspended in the magnetic gap through the voice coil 31, and after an electrical signal (sound signal) enters the voice coil, the voice coil can vibrate in the axial direction of the loudspeaker in the magnetic gap to drive the voice coil to vibrate, so as to generate sound under a pre-broadband frequency; preferably, the range of the pre-broad frequency is 500 Hz-4000 Hz. According to one example, the off-board integrated speaker serves as an acoustic alert when sound is emitted over a frequency range defined by a pre-broad frequency, thereby generating synthetic engine noise; and the off-board integrated speaker functions as a signal horn when sound is emitted at a frequency outside a frequency range defined by the pre-broad frequency.

As shown in fig. 5, the folded ring portion 312 has an asymmetric wavy structure. Specifically, the collar portion 312 ensures that the voice coil 31 moves in the axial direction without decentering, thereby avoiding the voice coil 32 from being rubbed in the magnetic gap. The thus formed folded ring portion can better restrict radial movement of the sound disc with respect to the circular folded ring formed in a symmetrical manner, preventing deformation of the folded ring portion, thereby improving sensitivity of the speaker. Furthermore, in the speaker field, the effective vibration area of the disc 31 is an important factor affecting the sensitivity of the speaker, and further the effective vibration area of the disc is related to the distance of the highest point of the arc shape of the folded ring portion 312 from the axis of the speaker. In the present embodiment, the effective vibration area is calculated with the distance between the highest point of the arc shape of the folded ring portion 312 and the axis of the speaker as the effective vibration radius. In the case where the entire width of the speaker is limited, the distance between the highest point of the arc shape of the folded ring portion 312 to the axis of the speaker can be increased as much as possible, thereby maximizing the effective vibration area. Based on this, the ring portion 312 has an asymmetric wavy structure, and the peak corresponding to the peak portion is offset outwards, so as to increase the effective vibration area of the speaker, and thus the sensitivity of the speaker.

As shown in fig. 6 and 3, a sound amplifying cover 40 is disposed along the propagation direction of the sound emitted by the vibration system 30, the sound amplifying cover 40 is fastened to the cone frame 11 to fix the cone 31, and the sound amplifying cover 40 is located at the front side of the vibration system 30. In this embodiment, the speaker cover 40 is used to amplify the sound within the pre-broad frequency (500 Hz to 4000 Hz) and let the sound outside the pre-broad frequency pass unchanged, and a specific experimental effect is shown in fig. 7.

As shown in fig. 8 and 3, the speaker cover 40 includes a speaker 41, a fastening portion 42, and an arch portion 43; wherein, the fastening portion 42 is formed by extending from the large opening end of the amplifying portion 41, and the arch portion 43 is formed by extending from the small opening end of the amplifying portion 41. Specifically, the speaker cover 40 is connected to the conical frame 11 through the fastening portion 42, and holds the audio disc 31. Specifically, the amplifying part 41 is provided with arc holes 411 periodically along the direction parallel to the axis, the arch part 43 is provided with linear holes 431 periodically along the direction parallel to the axis, and the physical sound waves formed by the amplifying cover are reflected by superposition through the periodically arranged arc holes and linear holes, so that the purpose of loudness promotion at the frequency of 500 Hz-4000 Hz is achieved.

Further, the amplifying part 41 and the conical cavity of the conical basin frame 11 are arranged in a profiling manner, that is, the amplifying part 41 is inclined inwards from the circumferential inner edge of the fastening part 42 towards the center of the arch part 43, so that the amplifying part 41 and the conical cavity surface of the conical basin frame 11 have a continuously increased distance, and the structural design can give the flow velocity of sound generated by vibration of the sound disc 31 to pressurize, thereby improving the sensitivity of sound. Further, the angle of inclination of the cone 313 is between the angle of inclination of the cone cavity of the cone frame 11 and the angle of inclination of the amplifying part 41, which gives the disc 31 a large vibration deformation space.

Further, the arch portion 43 is formed by protruding away from the dust cover 34, the dust cover 34 is disposed coaxially with the arch portion 43 and is shaped like a profile, and the depth of the dust cover 34 is greater than the depth of the arch portion 43, so as to provide a larger vibration deformation space for the audio disc 31.

As shown in fig. 8, through holes 111 are periodically formed in the conical surface wall of the conical basin frame 11, and vertical columns 112 are disposed on the conical surface wall between two adjacent through holes 111. Specifically, the vertical post 112 is disposed at an end of the conical cavity facing away from the conical basin frame 11, and can be used to strengthen the conical basin frame 11.

In summary, in this embodiment, a sound amplifying cover is disposed along a propagation direction of sound emitted by the vibration system, and the sound amplifying cover is located at a front side of the sound disc; when the voice coil is suspended in a magnetic gap formed by the magnetic circuit system and charged, the vibration system can be caused to emit sound with a pre-wide frequency, and the sound with the pre-wide frequency is reflected by the superposition of physical sound waves formed by the structure of the sound amplifying cover, so that the sound in the pre-wide frequency is amplified, the sound sensitivity is improved, and the sound outside the pre-wide frequency passes unchanged.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides a vehicle having the vehicle exterior integrated speaker of embodiment 1 disposed in a front portion thereof, for example, mounted behind a front bumper. In this way, when the vehicle exterior integrated speaker is used as a vehicle horn, other road users can clearly hear the sound emitted from the vehicle exterior integrated speaker. The same is true when the off-board integrated speaker is used as an acoustic warning for the vehicle. However, other locations within the vehicle that provide sufficient space and ensure that other road users can clearly hear the emitted sound are also possible. For example, the integrated speaker outside the vehicle can be arranged at the exposed position of the vehicle, and the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system are well protected from environmental conditions by the front-arranged sound amplifying cover; i.e. the speaker cover has a protective function in addition to its magnifying function, since the speaker cover prevents water, dust or any object from entering.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An external integrated loudspeaker; characterized by comprising the following steps:

the fixing system comprises a conical basin frame;

the magnetic circuit system is fixedly arranged at one end of the conical cavity far away from the conical basin frame and is provided with a magnetic gap;

the vibration system is accommodated in the conical cavity of the conical basin frame and comprises a cone and a voice coil arranged at the bottom end of the cone, and the voice coil is hung in the magnetic gap and charged to cause the vibration system to emit sound under a preset broadband frequency;

wherein, a sound amplifying cover is arranged along the propagation direction of the sound emitted by the vibration system, the sound amplifying cover is buckled with the cone-shaped basin frame to fix the cone, and the sound amplifying cover is positioned at the front side of the vibration system; the speaker cover is for amplifying sound within the pre-broad frequency and passing sound outside the pre-broad frequency unchanged.

2. The vehicle exterior integrated loudspeaker of claim 1, wherein the sound amplifying cover comprises a sound amplifying part, a fastening part formed by extending outwards from a large opening end of the sound amplifying part, and a cambered part formed by extending inwards from a small opening end of the sound amplifying part, the cambered part is bulged away from the vibration system, and the sound amplifying part is in profiling arrangement with a conical cavity of the conical basin frame.

3. The vehicle exterior integrated speaker of claim 2, wherein the sound amplifying portion is inclined inward from a circumferential inner edge of the fastening portion toward a center of the arch portion, and such that the sound amplifying portion has an increasing distance from a conical cavity surface of the conical frame.

4. The vehicle exterior integrated speaker according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amplifying part is provided with arc-shaped holes periodically along a direction parallel to an axis thereof, and the arching part is provided with linear holes periodically along a direction parallel to an axis thereof.

5. The vehicle exterior integrated speaker of claim 4, wherein the voice coil is provided with a dust cap toward the loudspeaker cap end cap, wherein the dust cap is coaxial with and contoured to the dome, and wherein the depth of the dust cap is greater than the depth of the dome.

6. The vehicle exterior integrated speaker of claim 2, wherein the cone comprises a planar portion, a folded ring portion, and a tapered portion; the ring folding part is positioned at the inner side of the plane part, the outer edge of the ring folding part is connected with the outer edge of the conical part, and the inner edge of the conical part is connected with the voice coil; the inclination angle of the conical part is between the inclination angle of the conical cavity of the conical basin frame and the inclination angle of the amplifying part.

7. The speaker of claim 6, wherein the ring-shaped portion has an asymmetric wavy shape, and the peak portion thereof is offset outwardly.

8. The vehicle exterior integrated loudspeaker of claim 1, wherein through holes are periodically formed in the conical wall of the conical basin frame, and vertical columns are arranged on the conical wall between two adjacent through holes.

9. The vehicle exterior integrated loudspeaker of claim 1, wherein the fixing system further comprises a rear cover arranged on the conical basin frame, the rear cover and the conical basin frame enclose a rear cavity, and a ventilated membrane and a sheet metal bracket are arranged on the rear cover.

10. The vehicle exterior integrated speaker of any of claims 1-9, wherein the pre-broad frequency ranges from 500Hz to 4000Hz.