CN117856962A

CN117856962A - Optical power adjustable optical combiner-divider, related equipment and system

Info

Publication number: CN117856962A
Application number: CN202211739314.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙文惠; 吴金华; 陈冲; 李心白; 高士民
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-09
Filing date: 2022-12-31
Publication date: 2024-04-09
Also published as: WO2024078104A1; WO2024078242A1; CN117856884A; CN117857069A; CN117856969A; CN117856885A; CN117857948A; CN117857949A

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses an optical power adjustable optical combiner, related equipment and a system, which can realize flexible tuning of optical power of each output port of the optical power adjustable optical combiner and adapt to the requirement of flexible networking of an optical communication system. The optical power adjustable optical splitter comprises an electrode and an optical waveguide assembly connected with the electrode; the optical waveguide assembly includes an input port for receiving optical power, a first output port, and a second output port, the electrode for transmitting a target voltage to the optical waveguide assembly, the target voltage for tuning the optical power of the first output port and the optical power of the second output port.

Description

Optical power adjustable optical combiner-divider, related equipment and system

The present application claims priority from the chinese patent application filed on 10 months 09 of 2022, filed under the application number 202211226927.8, entitled "P2 MP network system based on F-TDMA and IP and optical depth fusion", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of optical communications technologies, and in particular, to an optical power adjustable optical splitter, a related device, and a system.

Background

The networking type of the optical network can be chain networking, ring networking or tree networking, etc. Taking a chain networking as an example, the optical network includes a core node (CP) and a plurality of optical splitters sequentially connected to the CP, where each optical splitter is connected to at least one Access Point (AP). The optical splitter includes a first output port connectable to another optical splitter and a second output port connectable to the AP.

The light splitting proportion corresponding to the output port of the existing light splitter is fixed, if the chain networking is connected with a larger number of APs in series, the light power obtained by the APs from the light splitter is lower along with the increase of the number of the APs, so that the number of the APs which can be accessed by the chain networking is limited. Therefore, the light splitting ratio corresponding to each output port of the existing light splitter is fixed, so that the light splitter cannot meet the requirement of flexible networking of an optical network.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an optical power adjustable optical combiner and a related device and system, wherein the optical power adjustable optical combiner can realize flexible tuning of optical power of an output port, and is suitable for the requirement of flexible networking of an optical communication system.

An embodiment of the present application provides an optical power adjustable optical combiner and splitter, where the optical power adjustable optical combiner includes an electrode and an optical waveguide component connected with the electrode; the optical waveguide assembly includes an input port for receiving optical power, a first output port, and a second output port, the electrode for transmitting a target voltage to the optical waveguide assembly, the target voltage for tuning the optical power of the first output port and the optical power of the second output port.

The optical power adjustable optical combiner can ensure that the access node connected with the second output port can successfully receive the optical power, the number of the access nodes included in the optical communication system is increased, the optical power of the first output port and the optical power of the second output port are tuned in a target voltage mode, the efficiency of tuning the optical power is effectively improved, and the optical power of the first output port and the optical power of the second output port can be flexibly tuned in the target voltage adjustable optical combiner, so that the optical power adjustable optical combiner is suitable for the requirement of flexible networking.

In an alternative implementation manner, the optical waveguide assembly includes a first optical waveguide arm and a second optical waveguide arm, the first optical waveguide arm is connected to the input port and the first output port, the second optical waveguide arm is connected to the second output port, the target voltage is used to change an arm length difference between the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm, and the arm length difference is used to tune an optical power of the first output port and an optical power of the second output port.

By adopting the implementation mode, the flexible tuning of the optical power of each output port can be realized.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the optical power adjustable optical combiner further includes a first controller connected to the electrode, and the first controller is configured to send the target voltage to the electrode.

By adopting the implementation mode, the optical power adjustable optical combiner comprises the first controller, so that the optical power adjustable optical combiner can be independent of access node equipment, and the networking flexibility of an optical communication system is improved. And under the condition of annular or chain networking, even if the access node fails, the optical power can adjust the independent work of the optical splitter, thereby ensuring the normal work of the annular networking or the chain networking.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation manner, in the process that the first controller is configured to send the target voltage to the electrode, the first controller is specifically configured to send the target voltage to the electrode according to a configuration list, where the configuration list includes a correspondence between optical power of the first output port and optical power of the second output port and a voltage value of the target voltage, respectively.

By adopting the implementation mode, the target voltage is obtained through the configuration list, so that the accuracy of optical power tuning of the first output port and the optical power of the second output port can be ensured, and the efficiency of optical power tuning can be improved.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation manner, if the receiving end of the first output port is in an abnormal state, the electrode is configured to tune the optical power of the first output port to zero.

By adopting the implementation mode, the first output port in an abnormal state can be turned off in time, and interference to light emission of other access nodes caused by the fact that the receiving end of the first output port is in a state of receiving the optical signal is avoided.

Based on the first aspect, in an alternative implementation manner, the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm are respectively made of a phase change material, and the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm are used for storing heat from the electrode, and the heat is used for maintaining an arm length difference between the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm.

By adopting the implementation manner, because the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm are made of phase materials, even if the target voltage is powered down, the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm can maintain the arm length difference unchanged, so that the optical power adjustable optical combiner can continuously tune the optical power of the first output port and the optical power of the second output port according to the arm length difference, and the power-down protection of the optical power adjustable optical combiner is realized.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the optical power adjustable optical combiner and splitter further includes a first power supply connected to the first controller, and the first controller is configured to send the target voltage from the first power supply to the electrode.

By adopting the implementation mode, the optical power adjustable optical combiner comprises the first power supply, so that the optical power adjustable optical combiner can be independent of the access node equipment, and the networking flexibility of an optical communication system is improved. And under the condition of annular or chain networking, even if the access node fails, the optical power can adjust the independent work of the optical splitter, thereby ensuring the normal work of the annular networking or the chain networking.

Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation manner, the optical power adjustable optical splitter is inserted in an access node, where the access node includes a second controller and a second power supply connected to the second controller, the second controller is further connected to the electrode, and the second controller is configured to send the target voltage from the second power supply to the electrode.

By adopting the implementation mode, the optical power adjustable optical combiner and the optical power adjustable optical combiner can multiplex the second power supply and the second controller of the access node, and the optical power adjustable optical combiner is not required to be configured with the independent second power supply and the second controller, so that the cost of the optical power adjustable optical combiner is reduced.

A second aspect of the present application provides an optical module comprising a laser, a diode and an optical power tunable optical combiner according to any of the first aspects above; the laser is used for inputting optical power to the optical power adjustable optical combiner and the diode is used for performing photoelectric conversion on the optical power from the optical power adjustable optical combiner to obtain an electric signal.

A third aspect of the present application provides an access node comprising an optical module and a controller connected to the optical module, the optical module being as described in the second aspect.

A fourth aspect of the present application provides an access node comprising an optical power tunable optical combiner, an optical module and a controller, the optical module being connected to the controller and the optical power tunable optical combiner, respectively, the optical power tunable optical combiner being as described in any one of the first aspects. The optical module is used for performing photoelectric conversion on a first optical signal from the optical power adjustable optical combiner to obtain a first electrical signal and sending the first electrical signal to the controller, or is used for performing photoelectric conversion on a second electrical signal from the controller to obtain a second optical signal and sending the second optical signal to the optical power adjustable optical combiner

A fifth aspect of the present application provides a phased array radar comprising a laser, an optical power tunable optical combiner and a plurality of transmit paths, the optical power tunable optical combiner being as described in any one of the first aspects above; the laser is used for sending detection light signals to the light power adjustable optical combiner, the light power adjustable optical combiner is used for splitting the detection light signals to obtain multiple paths of detection beams, each path of detection beam in the multiple paths of detection beams is output after being subjected to phase modulation through one emission path, and the light power emitted from different emission paths is the same.

A sixth aspect of the present application provides an autopilot system comprising a phased array radar as described in the fifth aspect above.

A seventh aspect of the present application provides a vehicle comprising an autopilot system as set forth in the sixth aspect.

An eighth aspect of the present application provides a robot comprising a phased array radar as described in the fifth aspect above.

A ninth aspect of the present application provides a drone comprising a phased array radar as described in the fifth aspect above.

A tenth aspect of the present application provides a smart home appliance comprising a phased array radar as described in the fifth aspect above.

An eleventh aspect of the present application provides an optical communication system comprising a first optical module, at least one optical power tunable optical combiner and a second optical module, the at least one optical power tunable optical combiner being configured to connect the first optical module and the second optical module, the optical power tunable optical combiner being as described in any one of the first aspects above.

In an optional implementation manner, the optical communication system includes at least a first optical power adjustable optical combiner and a second optical power adjustable optical combiner, where a second output port of the first optical power adjustable optical combiner is used to connect to one of the second optical modules, and a second output port of the second optical power adjustable optical combiner is used to connect to another of the second optical modules; and under the condition that the distance between the first optical power adjustable optical combiner and the first optical module is smaller than the distance between the second optical power adjustable optical combiner and the first optical module, the light splitting proportion corresponding to the second output port of the first optical power adjustable optical combiner is smaller than the light splitting proportion corresponding to the second output port of the second optical power adjustable optical combiner.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a conventional optical communication system;

fig. 2 is a structural example diagram of an optical communication system provided in the present application;

fig. 3 is a structural example diagram of another embodiment of an optical communication system provided in the present application;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an overall structure of an optical power tunable optical combiner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the optical power tunable optical splitter shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary cross-sectional structure of the optical power tunable optical splitter shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another example of the structure of an optical power tunable optical combiner provided in the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an optical power tunable optical combiner and splitter provided in the present application;

fig. 9 is a structural example diagram of another embodiment of an optical communication system provided in the present application;

fig. 10 is a structural example diagram of another embodiment of an optical communication system provided in the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an optical power tunable optical combiner and splitter provided in the present application;

fig. 12 is a structural example diagram of an AP provided in the present application;

fig. 13 is a structural example diagram of one embodiment of a phased array radar provided in the present application.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

The networking type of the existing optical communication system can be chain networking, ring networking or tree networking, etc. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a conventional optical communication system. The optical communication system 100 includes a plurality of fixed optical power splitters. Taking the fixed optical power splitter 102 as an example, an input port of the fixed optical power splitter 102 is connected to the CP101, a first output port and a second output port of the fixed optical power splitter 102 are respectively connected to the fixed optical power splitter 103 and the AP104, and so on. It is understood that each AP is in signal communication with CP101 via one or more fixed optical power splitters.

Each fixed optical power splitter shown in fig. 1 means that the splitting ratio corresponding to each output port of the optical splitter is fixed, for example, if the optical power splitter 102 is an equal-ratio splitter, the splitting ratio of each output port of the optical power splitter 102 is 50%, which means that the optical powers of the two output ports of the fixed optical power splitter 102 are the same. Specific examples are: the optical power sent by the CP101 to the input port of the fixed optical power splitter 102 is P milliwatts (mw), and then the optical power output by the first output port and the second output port of the fixed optical power splitter 102 is P/2. If the fixed optical power splitter 103 is also an equal-ratio splitter, the optical powers output by the first output port and the second output port of the fixed optical power splitter 103 are P/4, and so on, it can be understood that when the optical communication system is applied to a campus or the like, the optical power received by the AP near the CP101 is greater than the optical power received by the AP far from the CP 101. If a new AP needs to be added to the optical communication system 100, a new fixed optical power splitter 105 is connected to the optical communication system, and a new AP107 is connected to the second output port of the new fixed optical power splitter 105, so that the optical power received by the new AP is lower and lower with the increase of the number of the added APs. As in the example shown in fig. 1, AP104 receives P/2 optical power, AP106 receives P/4 optical power, and newly added AP107 receives P/8 optical power. In order to ensure normal transmission of signals between the CP and the AP, the optical power received by the AP cannot be too low, and the too low optical power may cause that the laser included in the AP cannot be successfully detected, and thus, the photoelectric conversion cannot be successfully performed, so that the number of APs included in the optical communication system 100 is limited.

The application provides an optical power adjustable optical combiner and splitter, which can dynamically and flexibly adjust the optical power of an output port of the optical power adjustable optical combiner and splitter, and compared with an optical communication system shown in fig. 1, the optical power adjustable optical combiner and splitter can effectively increase the number of APs, so that the optical power adjustable optical combiner provided by the application can adapt to the requirement of flexible networking of the optical communication system.

First, referring to fig. 2, a structure of an optical communication system including an optical power tunable optical splitter will be described, where fig. 2 is a structural example diagram of an optical communication system provided in the present application. The type of networking of the optical communication system shown in fig. 2 is exemplified by chain networking. Optical communication system 200 includes CP201 and a plurality of APs sequentially connected to CP 201. The number of APs to which CP201 is connected is not limited in this embodiment, and for example, AP202 and AP203 are sequentially connected to CP201 as shown in fig. 2. CP201 includes a CP-side device 211 and a first optical module 212 connected to CP-side device 211. Wherein CP-side device 211 may be a switch (e.g., core layer switch, layer 2 switch), or router, etc. The first optical module 212 may be directly inserted into the CP-side device 211, or may be integrated with the CP-side device 211. The AP202 directly connected to the CP201 includes an optical power tunable optical combiner 213, and an input port of the optical power tunable optical combiner 213 is connected to the first optical module 212. The first output port of the optical power adjustable optical combiner 213 is connected to the AP203, and the second output port of the optical power adjustable optical combiner 213 is connected to the AP-side device 215. The second optical module 214 may be directly inserted into the AP-side device 215, or may be integrated with the AP-side device 215. The optical power tunable optical combiner and the second optical module 214 in the embodiment may be two discrete optical devices in the AP202, and in other examples, the optical power tunable optical combiner 213 may also be located within the second optical module 214, which is not limited specifically. For the description of the structure of the AP203, please refer to the description of the structure of the AP202, which is not repeated in detail, it can be understood that the first output port of the adjustable optical splitter 213 is connected to the input port of the optical power adjustable optical splitter 216 included in the AP 203. The CP-side device 211 and/or the first optical module 212 in the CP201 shown in fig. 2 can establish a channel for the CP201 to communicate with the AP202 with the second optical module 214 and/or the AP-side device 215 in the AP202, and it is not necessary for a multiple access device such as an optical line terminal (optical line terminal, OLT) to participate in the process of establishing the channel.

The network to which the optical communication system 200 is applied in this embodiment is not limited, for example, if the optical communication system 200 shown in this embodiment is applied to a passive optical network (passive optical network, PON), the CP may be an optical line terminal OLT, and the AP may be an optical network unit (optical network unit, ONU) or an optical network terminal (optical network terminal, ONT). If the optical communication system 200 is applied to an optical transport network (optical transport network, OTN), then both the CP and the AP may be OTN devices.

The optical communication system 200 shown in fig. 2 is a chain-shaped networking example, and the optical power adjustable optical combiner provided in the present application can also be applied to a ring-shaped networking. Fig. 3 is a structural example diagram of another embodiment of an optical communication system provided in the present application. The optical communication system 300 shown in fig. 3 includes a CP303 and a plurality of APs sequentially connected to the CP303, and the CP303 and the plurality of APs are in a state of being connected in series. The number of sequentially connected APs included in the optical communication system 300 is not limited in this embodiment, and the sequentially connected APs include the first AP301 and the last AP302. The first AP301 and the last AP302 are connected to the CP 303. The CP and AP structures shown in fig. 3 may be shown in fig. 2, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted. The above description of the networking type of the optical communication system is an optional example, and is not limited, for example, the optical communication system provided in the present application may also be a tree networking or any type of networking.

The structure of the optical power tunable optical combiner is described with reference to fig. 4, where fig. 4 is an exemplary overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the optical power tunable optical combiner provided in the present application. The optical power tunable optical combiner 400 includes a substrate 401 and an optical waveguide layer 402 grown on a surface of the substrate 401. In this embodiment, lithium niobate is taken as an example of a material constituting the optical waveguide layer 402, and in other examples, the optical waveguide layer 402 may be constituted by silicon (Si), silicon nitride (Si 3N 4), ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH 4H2PO 4), or a crystal of an button file. The surface of the optical waveguide layer 402 is grown with an electrode 403. The electrode 403 shown in the present embodiment is made of any conductive metal, for example, the electrode 403 is made of metallic copper (Au) or metallic aluminum (Al) or the like. The substrate 401 shown in this embodiment may be referred to as a substrate, a dielectric layer, or the like, and is not particularly limited. The optical waveguide layer 402 forms an optical waveguide assembly by an etching process or the like, and the electrode 403 is connected to the optical waveguide assembly. The optical waveguide assembly specifically includes an input port 411, a first output port 412, and a second output port 413. The input port 411 is configured to receive optical power, and the electrode 403 is configured to send a target voltage to the optical waveguide assembly, the target voltage being configured to tune (tune) the optical power of the first output port 412 and the optical power of the second output port 413.

The optical power tunable optical combiner shown in this embodiment is an active optical combiner, and the electrode 403 can achieve the purpose of tuning the optical power of the first output port 412 and the optical power of the second output port 413 by changing the voltage value of the target voltage sent to the optical waveguide assembly. For example, by tuning the optical power of the output port of the optical power tunable optical combiner, the optical power level of the output port of the optical power tunable optical combiner can be adjusted according to the number of APs included in the optical communication system. For example, as shown in fig. 2, if the optical communication system includes only the CP201 and the AP202 connected to the CP201, the split ratio corresponding to the first output port of the optical power adjustable optical combiner 213 is K1%. If a new AP203 needs to be added, the split ratio corresponding to the first output port of the optical power adjustable optical splitter 213 is adjusted to K2%, and K1% < K2%. It can be understood that, if the new AP203 is added, by increasing the splitting ratio corresponding to the first output port of the optical power adjustable optical combiner 213, enough optical power can be sent to the newly added AP203, so as to ensure that the newly added AP203 can receive enough optical power from the first output port of the optical power adjustable optical combiner 213, so as to ensure normal communication between the newly added AP203 and the CP 201. It can be understood that, because the optical power of the output port of the optical power adjustable optical splitter shown in this embodiment is adjustable, the number of APs that can be included in the optical communication system is increased, and the defect that the number of APs included in the optical communication system is limited is avoided. In the case of an optical communication system including a plurality of APs, the optical power of the second output port of each optical power tunable optical combiner is independently tuned by the target voltage, so as to ensure that different second optical modules can receive equal or approximately equal optical powers, thereby increasing the number of APs accessed by the optical communication system as much as possible.

In addition, the electrode 403 shown in this embodiment tunes the optical power of each output port through the target voltage, so as to achieve the purpose of tuning the optical power through an electrical control manner, and in the case that the optical communication system includes a plurality of optical power adjustable optical combiners, the difficulty of tuning the optical power of each output port of each optical power adjustable optical combiners is effectively reduced, and the efficiency of tuning the optical power of each output port is improved.

The specific structure of the optical power adjustable optical combiner will be described with reference to fig. 4 to 6, wherein fig. 5 is a top view structural example diagram of the optical power adjustable optical combiner shown in fig. 4, and fig. 6 is a cross-sectional structural example diagram of the optical power adjustable optical combiner shown in fig. 4. The optical waveguide assembly shown in this embodiment specifically includes a first optical waveguide arm 501 and a second optical waveguide arm 502, and the first optical waveguide arm 501 and the second optical waveguide arm 502 constitute a mach-zehnder interferometer (mach-zehnder interferometer, MZI) structure. The cross-sectional view shown in fig. 6 is a cross-sectional image obtained by cutting the optical power tunable optical combiner 400 shown in fig. 4 through the cut plane 500. And the optical signal transmitted by the first optical waveguide arm 501 and the optical signal transmitted by the second optical waveguide arm 502 are perpendicular to the tangential plane 500.

Specifically, the first optical waveguide arm 501 is connected to the input port 411 and the first output port 412, and the second optical waveguide arm 502 is connected to the second output port 413. On the surface of the optical waveguide layer 402, the first optical waveguide arm 501 has a first plate region 503 on both sides, and the second optical waveguide arm 502 has a second plate region 504 on both sides. Wherein the first optical waveguide arm 501 and the first plate regions 503 located at both sides of the first optical waveguide arm 501 form a PN junction (PN junction), and the second optical waveguide arm 502 and the second plate regions 504 located at both sides of the second optical waveguide arm 502 form a PN junction. The areas where the first optical waveguide arm 501 and the second optical waveguide arm 502 are close to each other form a first optical coupler 521 and a second optical coupler 522, respectively. Wherein the first optocoupler 521 is adjacent to the input port 411 and the second optocoupler 522 is adjacent to the first output port 412 and the second output port 413.

The electrode shown in this embodiment specifically includes a pair of electrodes 403 and 404, the electrodes 403 are connected to the first optical waveguide arm 501, the electrodes 404 are connected to the second optical waveguide arm 502, and the first voltage transmitted from the electrodes 403 to the first optical waveguide arm 501 and the second voltage transmitted from the electrodes 404 to the second optical waveguide arm 502 constitute a target voltage, which is a differential voltage. By loading differential voltage on the optical waveguide assembly, the voltage value of the target voltage can be effectively reduced under the condition of guaranteeing to tune the optical power of the first output port 412 and the optical power of the second output port 413 with the same size, and the efficiency of tuning the optical power of the output port is improved.

The process of tuning the optical power of the first output port 412 and the optical power of the second output port 413 will be described: the first optical coupler 521 is configured to split the optical power from the input port 521 to obtain a first optical power and a second optical power, which are input to the first optical waveguide arm 501 and the second optical waveguide arm 502, respectively. The target voltage is used to change an arm length difference between the first optical waveguide arm 501 and the second optical waveguide arm 502, and the second optical coupler 522 is used to interfere with the first optical power and the second optical power according to the arm length difference to tune the optical power of the first output port 412 and the optical power of the second output port 413. Specifically, the change in the arm length difference can enable the second optical coupler 522 to redistribute the first optical power and the second optical power, so as to achieve the purpose of tuning the optical power of the first output port and the optical power of the second output port.

The description of the electrode shown in fig. 4 to 6 is an alternative example, and is not limited, as long as the target voltage that the electrode sends to the optical waveguide assembly can change the arm length difference between the first optical waveguide arm 501 and the second optical waveguide arm 502, and thus tune the optical power of the first output port 412 and the optical power of the second output port 413. For example, the electrodes connected to the first optical waveguide arm 501 in this embodiment may be ground-signal-ground (GSG) electrode structures, and two G electrodes of the GSG electrodes are connected to the first plate regions on both sides of the first optical waveguide arm 501, respectively, and the S electrode is connected to the first optical waveguide arm 501. For a description of the GSG electrode connected to the second optical waveguide arm 502, please refer to the description of the GSG electrode connected to the first optical waveguide arm 501, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. For another example, the electrodes may be GS electrodes, with the S and G electrodes being connected to two different flat areas, e.g., the S electrode being connected to a first flat area and the G electrode being connected to a second flat area.

The optical power adjustable optical combiner provided by the application can also realize detection and turn-off of abnormal APs, for example, as shown in fig. 7, and fig. 7 is a structural example diagram of another embodiment of the optical power adjustable optical combiner provided by the application.

AP701 is connected between CP700 and AP702, and in this example, AP701 and CP700 are directly connected, and in other examples, one or more APs may be connected between AP701 and CP700, which is not limited in particular. The AP701 includes an optical power tunable optical combiner 710, an input port of the optical power tunable optical combiner 710 is connected to the CP700, a first output port is connected to the AP702, and a second output port is connected to the second optical module. The optical power adjustable optical combiner 710 includes a first optical waveguide arm 711, a second optical waveguide arm 712, and electrodes, in this embodiment, the electrodes are taken as a pair of differential electrodes 713, and the electrodes 713 are connected to the AP-side device and used for receiving the target voltage from the AP-side device, and the detailed description is shown in fig. 4 to 6, which are not repeated. The first output port of the optical power tunable optical splitter 710 obtains a first uplink optical power from the AP702, and the target voltage transmitted from the electrode 713 to the optical waveguide assembly 710 can change an arm length difference between the first optical waveguide arm 711 and the second optical waveguide arm 712, thereby splitting the first uplink optical power into a second uplink optical power and a detection optical power, wherein the detection optical power can be smaller than the second uplink optical power. The target voltage changes the arm length difference to further realize the light splitting, please refer to the descriptions shown in fig. 4 to 6, and detailed description is omitted. The second optical waveguide arm 712 is connected to the detection port 714, and the second upstream optical power is output via the input port of the first optical waveguide arm 711, and the detection optical power is output via the detection port 714. The AP701 further includes a photodetector 715, which photodetector 715 is capable of receiving detected optical power from the detection port 714. For example, photodetector 715 is snapped over detection port 714 such that detected optical power from detection port 714 can be evanescently coupled into photodetector 715. Herein, the evanescent wave may also be referred to as an evanescent wave, or an evanescent wave, and refers to an electromagnetic wave generated on one side of the optical and hydrophobic medium (i.e., a space between the detection port and the photodetector 715) by total reflection when the detection light power is incident from the optical and dense medium (i.e., the detection port) to the optical and hydrophobic medium. The photodetector 715 can photoelectrically convert the detected optical power to obtain a detection electric signal, and the photodetector 715 transmits the detection electric signal to the AP-side device to detect whether the receiving end of the first output port is in an abnormal state. It can be appreciated that if the receiving end of the first output port is in an abnormal state, it indicates that the AP702 is in an abnormal light emitting state. If the AP-side device determines that the receiving end of the first output port is in an abnormal state, the AP-side device tunes the optical power of the first output port to zero by changing the target voltage sent to the electrode 713, so that the AP702 in the abnormal light emitting state cannot send an abnormal uplink optical signal to the AP 701.

In this embodiment, the optical power for detection is exemplified by the optical power tunable optical combiner 710 splitting the uplink optical power (sent by the AP and transmitted to the CP), in other examples, the optical power for detection may also be exemplified by the optical power tunable optical combiner 710 splitting the downlink optical power (sent by the CP and transmitted to the AP), and then any output port may be connected to the detection port in this example, and the specific detection process is described with reference to the detection process shown in fig. 7, which is not repeated.

For example, the CP700 transmits a slot indication message for indicating a target slot allocated to the AP702 via the AP701, and the AP-side device stores the slot indication message. The first uplink optical power sent by the AP702 to the optical power tunable optical combiner 710 carries the identity of the AP 702. After receiving the detection electric signal from the photodetector 715, the AP side device determines, according to the pre-stored timeslot indication message and the identifier of the AP702 carried by the detection electric signal, whether the timeslot where the AP702 is used to send the first uplink optical power is the target timeslot allocated by the CP 700. If so, it is determined that the AP702 is in a normal light-emitting state, and if not, it is determined that the AP702 is in an abnormal light-emitting state. If the AP702 is in an abnormal light emitting state, interference is caused to the light emission of other APs. Therefore, the AP-side device tunes the optical power of the first output port to zero by sending the target voltage to the electrode 713, so that the AP702 in the abnormal light emitting state cannot send the abnormal uplink optical signal to the AP701, and further it is ensured that the AP702 in the abnormal light emitting state cannot interfere with the normal light emission of other APs.

In the embodiments shown in fig. 2 to 7, the AP-side device included by the AP transmits the target voltage to the electrode. Specifically, the AP-side apparatus includes a second controller for transmitting a target voltage from a second power supply to an electrode of the optical power tunable optical combiner and a second power supply. Wherein, the function of the second controller can be partially or completely realized by hardware. The second controller shown in this embodiment may be one or more chips, or one or more integrated circuits. For example, the second controller may be one or more optical digital signal processing (optical digital signal process, oDSP) chips, field-programmable gate arrays (field-programmable gate array, FPGA), application specific integrated chips (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), system on chips (SoC), central processing units (central processor unit, CPU), network processors (network processor, NP), digital signal processing circuits (digital signal processor, DSP), microcontrollers (micro controller unit, MCU), programmable controllers (programmable logic device, PLD), or other integrated chips, or any combination of the above chips or controllers, and the like.

The second controller shown in this embodiment has previously stored a configuration list as shown in table 1:

TABLE 1

As can be seen from the configuration list shown in table 1, the configuration list includes the correspondence between different spectral ratios corresponding to the output ports and the voltage value of the target voltage. For example, if the optical power adjustable optical splitter is used for downstream optical splitting, and the required optical splitting condition is that the first optical splitting ratio corresponding to the first output port is 40% and the second optical splitting ratio corresponding to the second output port is 60%, the second controller obtains the voltage value of the corresponding target voltage by querying the configuration list as shown in table 1. The second controller in turn sends a target voltage to the electrode having a voltage value V2 such that the first output port corresponds to a first split ratio of 40% and the second output port corresponds to a second split ratio of 60%. It can be understood that, in the configuration list shown in this embodiment, a correspondence between the optical power and the voltage value of each output port of the optical power adjustable optical splitter can be created, so as to ensure that the second controller can flexibly adjust the optical power of each output port according to the configuration list.

In the case that the optical combiner of the optical communication system adopts the optical power adjustable optical combiner provided in the present application, for example, in the example shown in fig. 2, the AP202 is closest to the CP201, so that the optical communication system connects as many APs as possible, the AP202 adjusts the second splitting ratio corresponding to the second output port of the second optical module for connecting the AP202 as little as possible, so that more optical power can be transmitted to the downstream AP (for example, the AP 203) through the first output port, then the second controller may adjust the second splitting ratio corresponding to the second output port to 20%, adjust the first splitting ratio corresponding to the first output port to 80%, the second controller obtains the corresponding voltage value to be VN by looking up the configuration list shown in table 1, and the second controller may send the target voltage with VN to the electrode. By analogy, if the AP farther from CP201 is located, the second splitting ratio corresponding to the second output port of the AP may be adjusted to 70%, so that even if the AP farther from CP201 is located, the second output port of the AP may send enough optical power to the second optical module of the AP, so as to ensure that the AP farther from CP201 may communicate with CP201 normally. In order to increase the number of APs connected to the optical communication system as much as possible, it is ensured that the output optical power of the second output ports of different APs is equal or approximately equal.

It can be understood that, in order to ensure that the number of APs connected to the optical communication system is as large as possible, the AP includes a second optical splitting ratio corresponding to the second output port of the optical power adjustable optical splitter, which is in a positive correlation with the distance between the AP and the CP. That is, as the AP is closer to the CP, the second split ratio corresponding to the second output port of the optical power tunable optical splitter is smaller, so that it is ensured that the AP closer to the CP can split less optical power from the CP. Similarly, if the AP is further from the CP, the second splitting ratio corresponding to the second output port of the optical power adjustable optical splitter of the AP is greater, so as to ensure that the AP further from the CP can split enough optical power from the CP, so as to ensure that the AP can normally communicate with the master CP.

The prior art scheme shown in fig. 1 has a disadvantage in that if the fixed optical power splitter included in the optical communication system 100 is an unequal ratio splitter, the unequal ratio splitter may cause the CP to receive the optical power with a larger fluctuation in different time periods. If the uplink optical power from the AP106 is sequentially transmitted to the CP101 through the fixed optical power splitter 103 and the fixed optical power splitter 102 in the first period, and the uplink optical power from the AP104 is transmitted to the CP101 through the fixed optical power splitter 102 in the second period, the fixed optical power splitter 103 and the fixed optical power splitter 102 are both unequal splitters, so that the uplink optical power received by the CP101 in the first period and the uplink optical power received in the second period fluctuate greatly, and the optical module of the CP101 needs to increase the sensitivity for processing the uplink optical power, which results in a very large gain of the optical module.

The configuration of the configuration list (for example, table 1) shown in this embodiment can dynamically adjust the splitting ratio corresponding to each output port of the optical power adjustable optical splitter according to the need. The uplink optical power received by the CP is in an equilibrium state in different time periods by tuning the first optical splitting ratio corresponding to the first output port and the second optical splitting ratio corresponding to the second output port of each optical power adjustable optical splitter, so that the optical module for receiving the uplink optical power, which is included by the CP, does not need to have strong sensitivity, and the gain of the optical module of the CP for processing the uplink optical power from each AP is effectively reduced.

The optical communication system shown in this embodiment may further include a network management device, where the network management device is connected to each AP, so that the network management device may perform configuration or dynamic adjustment on a configuration list of each AP, so as to implement tuning of optical power of an output port of the optical power tunable optical combiner and splitter remotely. And the network management equipment can store the light splitting proportion of different optical power adjustable light splitters so as to facilitate the operation and maintenance of the optical communication system.

The optical power adjustable optical combiner shown in this embodiment can also realize power-down protection, and the structure of the adjustable optical combiner can be shown in fig. 2 to 7, which is not described in detail. The first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm of the optical power tunable optical splitter shown in this embodiment are made of a phase change material (PCM phase change material), respectively. The phase change material is a substance capable of maintaining a constant temperature and thus a constant state of the substance. That is, when the target voltage from the electrode is applied to the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm, there is an arm length difference between the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm. Because the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm are made of phase materials, even if the target voltage is powered down, the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm can maintain the arm length difference unchanged, so that the optical power adjustable optical combiner can continuously tune the optical power of the first output port and the optical power of the second output port according to the arm length difference, and the power-down protection of the optical power adjustable optical combiner is realized.

In the above embodiment, the optical power adjustable optical combiner and splitter provided in this embodiment may have any number of output ports greater than two. Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a structural example diagram of another embodiment of an optical power adjustable optical combiner provided in the present application.

The optical power tunable optical combiner 800 shown in this embodiment includes a first optical waveguide assembly 810 and a first electrode connected to the first optical waveguide assembly 810. The optical power tunable optical splitter 800 further includes a second optical waveguide assembly 820 and a second electrode connected to the second optical waveguide assembly 820. For the description of the first optical waveguide assembly 810, the second optical waveguide assembly 820, the first electrode and the second electrode, please refer to the description of the optical power adjustable optical combiner structure shown in fig. 2 to 7, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The input port 813 of the first optical waveguide assembly 810 shown in this embodiment is configured to receive optical power, and the first optical waveguide arm 811 and the second optical waveguide arm 812 of the first optical waveguide assembly 810 are configured to split the optical power to obtain a first target optical power and a second target optical power. For the description of the light splitting of the first optical waveguide assembly 810, please refer to the description of the light splitting of the optical waveguide assembly described in the above embodiments, which is not repeated. The second target optical power is output from the second output port 831 of the first optical waveguide assembly 810, and the second output port 831 serves as one output port of the optical power tunable optical combiner 800.

The first output port 814 included in the first optical waveguide assembly 810 is connected to the input port 821 of the second optical waveguide assembly 820. It will be appreciated that the first target optical power output from the first output port 814 is input to the second optical waveguide assembly 820 for splitting. That is, the first target optical power is input to the second optical waveguide assembly 820 via the input port 821. The first optical waveguide arm 822 and the second optical waveguide arm 823 of the second optical waveguide assembly 820 are used to split the first target optical power to obtain a third target optical power and a fourth target optical power. For the description of the light splitting of the second optical waveguide assembly 820, please refer to the description of the light splitting of the optical waveguide assembly described in the above embodiments, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted. The third target optical power is output from the first output port 832 of the second optical waveguide assembly 820 and the fourth target optical power is output from the second output port 833 of the second optical waveguide assembly 820. And the first output port 832 and the second output port 833 serve as two output ports of the optical power tunable optical combiner 800. It will be appreciated that the optical power tunable optical combiner 800 of this embodiment has one input port 813 and three output ports (i.e., the second output port 831, the first output port 832, and the second output port 833).

In this embodiment, the number of output ports included in the optical power adjustable optical splitter is not limited, and under the condition that a plurality of output ports are needed, a plurality of optical waveguide assemblies can be sequentially connected to implement the optical power adjustable optical splitter, and the specific implementation manner is shown in fig. 8 and is not described in detail. By adopting the optical power adjustable optical combiner-divider shown in the embodiment, one or more output ports of the optical power adjustable optical combiner-divider can be reserved and not used for networking in the networking process. If a new AP needs to be added in the optical communication system in the subsequent use process, the newly added AP may be connected to the reserved output port of the optical power adjustable optical combiner and the optical power of the reserved output port is tuned by the target voltage, so as to ensure that the newly added AP can receive enough optical power from the reserved output port, and further the newly added AP can perform normal optical signal transmission in the optical communication system.

In the above embodiment, the AP includes an optical power adjustable optical combiner, and in this embodiment, the optical power adjustable optical combiner and the AP may be separately disposed, as shown in fig. 9, where fig. 9 is a structural example diagram of another embodiment of an optical communication system provided in the present application. The example shown in fig. 9 takes the optical communication system as an example in which the networking type is a chain networking. The optical communication system 900 includes a CP901 and a plurality of optical power tunable optical splitters sequentially connected to the CP 901. The number of optical power tunable optical splitters included in the optical communication system 900 is not limited in this embodiment. Each optical power adjustable optical combiner includes an input port, a first output port and a second output port, and for the description of the structure of each optical power adjustable optical combiner, please refer to the above embodiment for illustration, and details are not repeated. In this embodiment, the CP901, the optical power adjustable optical combiner 902, the optical power adjustable optical combiner 903, and the optical power adjustable optical combiner 904 are connected in this order. Taking the optical power adjustable optical combiner 902 as an example, the optical power adjustable optical combiner 902 includes an input port, a first output port and a second output port, where the input port is connected with the CP901, the first output port is connected with the optical power adjustable optical combiner 903, and the second output port is connected with the AP911, and for descriptions of other optical power adjustable optical combiners and AP connections included in the optical communication system, please refer to the descriptions of the optical power adjustable optical combiner 902 and the AP911 connections, and details are not repeated.

In the case that the optical power tunable optical splitter and the AP are separately disposed, the optical communication system may also be a ring network, as shown in fig. 10, where fig. 10 is a structural example diagram of another embodiment of the optical communication system provided in the present application. The optical communication system shown in this embodiment is a ring-shaped networking, and the optical communication system 1000 shown in fig. 10 includes a plurality of optical power adjustable optical splitters that are sequentially connected by a CP1001, and the CP1001 and the plurality of optical power adjustable optical splitters are connected in series to form the ring-shaped networking. The plurality of optical power adjustable optical combiners sequentially connected include a first optical power adjustable optical combiners 1002 and a last optical power adjustable optical combiners 1003, wherein the first optical power adjustable optical combiners 1002 and the last optical power adjustable optical combiners 1003 are connected with the core node 1001. Taking the optical power adjustable optical combiner/divider 1002 as an example, the optical power adjustable optical combiner/divider 1002 has an input port, a first output port and a second output port, where the input port is connected to the CP1001, the second output port is connected to the AP1011, the first output port is connected to the optical power adjustable optical combiner/divider 1004, and description of connection of other optical power adjustable optical combiners and APs included in the optical communication system is omitted. The networking type of the optical communication system in the scenario where the optical power adjustable optical combiner and the AP are separately set is not limited in this embodiment, for example, the optical communication system may also be a tree networking or any type of networking.

The structure of an optical power tunable optical combiner supporting a separate setting from an AP will be described with reference to fig. 11, where fig. 11 is a structural example diagram of another embodiment of an optical power tunable optical combiner provided in the present application.

The optical power tunable optical combiner 1100 shown in this embodiment includes a first power supply 1101, a first controller 1102, an electrode 1103, and an optical waveguide assembly 1104. The first power supply 1101, the first controller 1102, and the electrode 1103 are sequentially connected, the electrode 1103 is connected to the optical waveguide assembly 1104, and the description of the structures of the electrode 1103 and the optical waveguide assembly 1104 is shown in the above embodiment, which is not repeated.

In this embodiment, the optical power adjustable optical combiner 1100 is independently provided with a first power supply 1101 and a first controller 1102, and the first controller 1102 can obtain a target voltage from the first power supply 1101 and send the target voltage to the electrode 1103, so that the optical waveguide component 1104 can perform optical splitting according to the target voltage, the target voltage and the optical splitting process according to the target voltage, which are shown in the above embodiment, and detailed descriptions are omitted. For the description of the first controller 1102, please refer to the description of the second controller, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

In the case where the optical power adjustable optical splitter 1100 and the AP are independently provided as shown in the present embodiment, the optical power adjustable optical splitter 1100 may be provided on an optical distribution frame (optical distribution frame, ODF). Optionally, the ODF may further include a first power supply and a first controller, where the ODF may further include a plurality of optical power adjustable optical splitters, and the plurality of optical power adjustable optical splitters disposed on the ODF share the first power supply and the first controller of the ODF.

The present application further provides an AP, and the structure of the AP may be referred to the description shown in fig. 2, which is not repeated.

The application provides another AP, which comprises an optical module and AP side equipment, wherein the optical module comprises an optical power adjustable optical combiner, so that the optical module has the functions of light splitting and light combining. Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a structural example diagram of an embodiment of an AP provided in the present application.

The AP1200 shown in this embodiment includes an optical module 1201 and an AP-side device 1202 connected to the optical module 1201, and for the description of the AP-side device 1202, please refer to the corresponding description in fig. 7, details are not repeated. The optical module 1201 includes an optical power tunable optical combiner 1211, where the optical power tunable optical combiner 1211 has an input port, which may be connected to a CP or to an AP, a first output port, which may be connected to an AP or CP, and a second output port, which may be connected to a laser 1212 and a diode 1213, depending on the type of networking. The AP-side apparatus 1202 is connected to the optical power adjustable optical combiner 1211 to send a target voltage to an electrode of the optical power adjustable optical combiner 1211, and optionally, the optical module 1201 may also include a control chip, where the control chip is connected to an electrode of the optical power adjustable optical combiner 1200 and is used to send the target voltage to the electrode, and for a description of a control chip type, please refer to fig. 7 for a description of a second controller type, which is not repeated in detail. The laser 1212 is connected to the AP-side device 1202, and an amplifier 1214 may be connected between the diode 1213 and the AP-side device 1202.

For example, if the input port of the optical power adjustable optical combiner 1211 receives optical power, the optical power adjustable optical combiner 1211 splits the optical power to obtain optical power output from the first output port and optical power output from the third output port, and the description of splitting the optical power by the optical power adjustable optical combiner 1211 is omitted herein for details referring to fig. 4 to 7. The optical power of the first output port of the optical power tunable optical combiner 1211 is transmitted to the connected AP or CP. The optical power of the third output port of the optical power tunable optical combiner 1211 is input to a diode 1213, and the diode 1213 is used for photoelectrically converting the optical power from the third output port to obtain a service electrical signal, and transmitting the service electrical signal to the amplifier 1214. The diode 1213 may be a diode for photoelectric conversion such as an avalanche photodiode (avalanche photon diode, APD). The amplifier 1214 may be a transimpedance amplifier (trans-impedance amplifier, TIA). The amplifier 1214 is configured to amplify the power of the traffic electric signal to obtain an amplified traffic electric signal, and transmit the amplified traffic electric signal to the AP-side device 1202, so that the AP-side device 1202 processes the amplified traffic electric signal.

As another example, if the first output port of the optical power tunable optical combiner 1211 receives optical power. The AP-side apparatus 1202 sends a traffic electric signal to the laser 1212, the laser 1212 is configured to perform electro-optical conversion on the traffic electric signal from the AP-side apparatus 1202 to obtain traffic optical power, and the laser 1212 sends the traffic optical power to the second output port of the optical power tunable optical combiner 1211. The optical power adjustable optical combiner 1211 combines the optical power from the first output port and the traffic optical power from the laser 1212 to obtain an output optical power, and outputs from the input port of the optical power adjustable optical combiner 1211.

The application further provides a phased array radar, please refer to fig. 13, wherein fig. 13 is a structural example diagram of an embodiment of the phased array radar provided in the application. The phased array radar 1300 shown in the present embodiment includes a laser 1301, an optical power adjustable optical combiner 1302 connected to the laser 1301, and a plurality of transmission paths 1303 connected to the optical power adjustable optical combiner 1302. Specifically, the input port of the optical power adjustable optical splitter 1302 is connected to a laser 1301, and each output port of the optical power adjustable optical splitter 1302 is connected to a transmitting path 1303, where the transmitting path 1303 may be a section of optical fiber. For the structure of the optical power tunable optical splitter 1302, please refer to the above embodiment, and detailed description is omitted. The laser 1301 is configured to send a detection optical signal to the optical power adjustable optical combiner 1302, where the optical power adjustable optical combiner 1302 is configured to split the detection optical signal to obtain multiple detection beams, and the multiple detection beams are respectively emitted through multiple emission paths 1303. Specifically, each transmitting path 1303 is configured to perform phase modulation on one path of probe beam to change the phase of the probe beam, thereby changing the pointing angle of each path of probe beam, and each path of probe beam exits from the transmitting path 1303 according to the pointing angle to realize spatial scanning. In the embodiment, the optical power of each path of probe beam can be adjusted by adjusting the target voltage loaded on the electrode of the optical power adjustable optical splitter 1302, so as to achieve the same optical power of different probe beams after delay through different transmission paths 1303, and it can be understood that the embodiment ensures that the optical powers emitted from different transmission paths 1303 are the same, so as to reduce the distortion of probe beam scanning and improve the scanning accuracy of the phased array radar 1300.

The present application also provides a vehicle, which includes a phased array radar as shown in fig. 13, and the vehicle shown in this embodiment may be an unmanned automobile, a car, a truck, a motorcycle, a bus, a ship, an airplane, a helicopter, a mower, a recreational vehicle, a casino vehicle, construction equipment, a trolley, a train, or the like, which is not limited in this application. The present application is not limited to an object including the optical power tunable optical combiner 1302, for example, an unmanned plane, a robot, or a smart home appliance.

The vehicle provided herein includes an autonomous driving system, which may be an advanced driving assistance system (advanced driving assistance system, ADAS) or the like, for example, including a phased array radar 1300 as shown in fig. 13 for scanning an object to be measured, which may be other vehicles, road conditions, pedestrians, or the like.

The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.

Claims

1. The optical power adjustable optical combiner is characterized by comprising an electrode and an optical waveguide component connected with the electrode;

the optical waveguide assembly includes an input port for receiving optical power, a first output port, and a second output port, the electrode for transmitting a target voltage to the optical waveguide assembly, the target voltage for tuning the optical power of the first output port and the optical power of the second output port.

2. The optical power tunable optical splitter of claim 1, wherein the optical waveguide assembly includes a first optical waveguide arm and a second optical waveguide arm, the first optical waveguide arm connecting the input port and the first output port, the second optical waveguide arm connecting the second output port, the target voltage being used to vary an arm length difference between the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm, the arm length difference being used to tune an optical power of the first output port and an optical power of the second output port.

3. The optical power tunable optical combiner and splitter of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a first controller coupled to the electrode, the first controller configured to send the target voltage to the electrode.

4. The optical power tunable optical combiner and divider according to claim 3, wherein the first controller is configured to send the target voltage to the electrode during the process of sending the target voltage to the electrode, and the first controller is specifically configured to send the target voltage to the electrode according to a configuration list, where the configuration list includes a correspondence relationship between the optical power of the first output port and the optical power of the second output port and a voltage value of the target voltage, respectively.

5. The optical power tunable optical splitter of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electrode is configured to tune the optical power of the first output port to zero if the receiving end of the first output port is in an abnormal state.

6. An optical power tunable optical splitter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm are each made of a phase change material, the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm being configured to store heat from the electrode, the heat being configured to maintain an arm length difference between the first optical waveguide arm and the second optical waveguide arm.

7. The optical power tunable optical combiner and splitter of claim 3 or 4, further comprising a first power supply connected to the first controller, the first controller configured to send the target voltage from the first power supply to the electrode.

8. The optical power tunable optical combiner and splitter of claim 1 or 2, wherein the optical power tunable optical combiner and splitter is inserted in an access node, the access node comprising a second controller and a second power supply connected to the second controller, the second controller further connected to the electrode, the second controller configured to send the target voltage from the second power supply to the electrode.

9. An optical module comprising a laser, a diode and an optical power tunable optical combiner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;

the laser is used for inputting optical power to the optical power adjustable optical combiner and the diode is used for performing photoelectric conversion on the optical power from the optical power adjustable optical combiner to obtain an electric signal.

10. An access node comprising an optical module and a controller coupled to the optical module, the optical module being as claimed in claim 9.

11. An access node, characterized in that it comprises an optical power tunable optical combiner, an optical module and a controller, the optical module being connected to the controller and the optical power tunable optical combiner, respectively, the optical power tunable optical combiner being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;

The optical module is used for carrying out photoelectric conversion on a first optical signal from the optical power adjustable optical combiner to obtain a first electrical signal and sending the first electrical signal to the controller, or is used for carrying out photoelectric conversion on a second electrical signal from the controller to obtain a second optical signal and sending the second optical signal to the optical power adjustable optical combiner.

12. A phased array radar comprising a laser, an optical power tunable optical combiner and a plurality of transmit paths, the optical power tunable optical combiner being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;

the laser is used for sending detection light signals to the light power adjustable optical combiner, the light power adjustable optical combiner is used for splitting the detection light signals to obtain multiple paths of detection beams, each path of detection beam in the multiple paths of detection beams is output after being subjected to phase modulation through one emission path, and the light power emitted from different emission paths is the same.

13. An autopilot system comprising the phased array radar of claim 12.

14. A vehicle comprising the autopilot system of claim 13.

15. A robot comprising a phased array radar as claimed in claim 12.

16. An optical communication system comprising a first optical module, at least one optical power tunable optical combiner for connecting the first optical module and the second optical module, and a second optical module, the optical power tunable optical combiner being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

17. The optical communication system of claim 16, wherein the optical communication system comprises at least a first optical power tunable optical combiner and a second optical power tunable optical combiner, a second output port of the first optical power tunable optical combiner being configured to connect to one of the second optical modules, a second output port of the second optical power tunable optical combiner being configured to connect to another of the second optical modules;

and under the condition that the distance between the first optical power adjustable optical combiner and the first optical module is smaller than the distance between the second optical power adjustable optical combiner and the first optical module, the light splitting proportion corresponding to the second output port of the first optical power adjustable optical combiner is smaller than the light splitting proportion corresponding to the second output port of the second optical power adjustable optical combiner.