CN117856311A - Power distribution method, device and equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
When the operation data of an energy storage unit meets the preset power distribution condition, the service life reference value of the energy storage unit is calculated by using the operation data of the energy storage unit, the energy storage unit is subjected to sorting operation according to the service life reference value to obtain a sorting result, and the energy storage unit is subjected to multiple power distribution operations according to the sorting result and the set power to be distributed to obtain the power distribution result of the energy storage unit. When the power distribution of the energy storage unit is carried out, the service life condition of the energy storage unit is considered, the excessive use of the energy storage unit is avoided, the operation efficiency of the energy storage unit and the operation efficiency of the energy storage system are ensured, and the charge and discharge requirements of the energy storage system are met.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of energy storage, and in particular, to a power distribution method, apparatus, and device.
Background
In order to improve the energy utilization efficiency, distributed renewable energy sources typified by wind power and photovoltaic are developed and utilized. Because renewable energy source output has the characteristics of randomness, intermittence, volatility and the like, the safe and stable operation of the power grid can be threatened along with the continuous improvement of the permeability. Under the background, the energy storage system receives a great deal of attention because of the effects of stabilizing the fluctuation of renewable energy power generation, improving the reliability of a power grid, improving the quality of electric energy and the like.
The energy storage system comprises a plurality of energy storage units, the energy storage units can be aged gradually along with continuous use of the energy storage units, if the energy storage units are used excessively, the operation efficiency of the energy storage units can be low, so that the operation efficiency of the energy storage system is influenced, and the charge and discharge requirements of the energy storage system cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a power distribution method, apparatus and device, so as to solve the problem that if the energy storage unit is excessively used, the operation efficiency of the energy storage unit is low, thereby affecting the operation efficiency of the energy storage system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a power allocation method, comprising:
judging whether the operation data of the energy storage unit meets a preset power distribution condition or not;
if yes, calculating a life reference value of the energy storage unit by using the operation data of the energy storage unit;
according to the life reference value, sequencing the energy storage units to obtain a sequencing result;
and performing multiple power distribution operations on the energy storage unit according to the sequencing result and the set power to be distributed to obtain a power distribution result of the energy storage unit.
Optionally, determining whether the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the preset power allocation condition includes:
after receiving the set power to be distributed, acquiring operation data of the energy storage unit;
acquiring preset power distribution conditions; the preset power distribution conditions comprise power judgment conditions in a charging scene and power judgment conditions in a discharging scene;
if the power to be distributed is larger than a preset threshold value, determining that the preset power distribution condition is met if the maximum charge-discharge multiplying power in the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the power judgment condition in the discharge scene;
and if the power to be distributed is smaller than a preset threshold value, determining that the preset power distribution condition is met if the maximum charge-discharge multiplying power in the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the power judgment condition in the charging scene.
Optionally, before acquiring the preset power allocation condition, the method further includes:
calculating a data health reference value of the operation data of the energy storage unit;
and executing the step of acquiring the preset power allocation condition under the condition that the data health reference value meets the preset reference value condition.
Optionally, calculating a life reference value of the energy storage unit using the operation data of the energy storage unit includes:
Calculating a life attenuation coefficient of the energy storage unit based on the operation data of the energy storage unit;
and calculating a life reference value corresponding to the life attenuation coefficient.
Optionally, the life decay factor includes an equivalent ohmic impedance, an equivalent self-discharge rate, and a voltage offset ratio;
calculating a life attenuation coefficient of the energy storage unit based on the operation data of the energy storage unit, comprising:
calculating equivalent ohmic impedance by using the voltage and current in the last charge and discharge operation in the operation data;
according to the operation data, sampling voltage at start-stop time in the longest standing period in a specified time period, and calculating equivalent self-discharge rate;
and calculating a voltage offset ratio based on the charge state information and the charge and discharge states in the last scheduling time in the operation data.
Optionally, calculating a lifetime reference value corresponding to the lifetime attenuation coefficient includes:
and carrying out weighted summation on the equivalent ohmic impedance, the equivalent self-discharge rate and the voltage offset ratio to obtain a life reference value.
Optionally, according to the lifetime reference value, performing a sorting operation on the energy storage unit to obtain a sorting result, including:
Under the condition that the data health reference value of the operation data meets the preset reference value condition, performing positive sequence sorting operation on the energy storage units according to the sequence from the large life reference value to the small life reference value to obtain a positive sequence sorting result;
performing reverse order sorting operation on the energy storage units according to the order of the life reference values from small to large to obtain a reverse order sorting result;
and combining the positive sequence sequencing result and the reverse sequence sequencing result to obtain a sequencing result.
Optionally, according to the lifetime reference value, sorting operation is performed on the energy storage unit to obtain a sorting result, and the method further includes:
and under the condition that the data health reference value of the operation data does not meet the preset reference value condition, sorting according to the identification information of the energy storage unit to obtain a sorting result.
Optionally, performing multiple power allocation operations on the energy storage unit according to the sorting result and the set power to be allocated to obtain a power allocation result of the energy storage unit, including:
according to the reverse order sequencing result in the sequencing results, performing primary power distribution operation by using the set power to be distributed and the state of charge value of each energy storage unit;
If the power to be distributed is not distributed, updating the state of charge value of each energy storage unit;
and performing power distribution operation according to the positive sequence sequencing result in the sequencing results by using the unassigned power in the power to be distributed and the updated charge state value of each energy storage unit.
Optionally, according to a positive sequence ordering result in the ordering results, performing a power allocation operation by using unallocated power in the power to be allocated and updated state of charge values of the energy storage units, including:
performing secondary power distribution operation according to a positive sequence sequencing result in the sequencing results by using unassigned power in the power to be distributed, updated charge state values of the energy storage units and a secondary power distribution rule;
if the power to be distributed is not distributed, updating the state of charge value of each energy storage unit;
according to the positive sequence sequencing result, performing power distribution operation by using unassigned power in the power to be distributed, updated charge state values of the energy storage units and a three-time power distribution rule;
and if the power to be distributed is not distributed, performing power distribution operation by using a progressive photovoltaic priority strategy.
Optionally, in the case that the operation data of the energy storage unit is judged not to meet the preset power distribution condition, the method further includes:
judging whether a target energy storage unit with running data meeting preset power distribution conditions can be screened out;
and if not, performing power distribution operation by using a progressive photovoltaic priority strategy.
A power distribution apparatus comprising:
the condition judging module is used for judging whether the operation data of the energy storage unit meet the preset power distribution condition;
the service life calculation module is used for calculating a service life reference value of the energy storage unit by using the operation data of the energy storage unit if the service life reference value is positive;
the sorting module is used for sorting the energy storage units according to the life reference value to obtain a sorting result;
and the power distribution module is used for carrying out multiple power distribution operations on the energy storage unit according to the sequencing result and the set power to be distributed to obtain the power distribution result of the energy storage unit.
An electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor;
wherein the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor invokes the program and is configured to perform the power allocation method described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
When the operation data of an energy storage unit meets the preset power distribution condition, the service life reference value of the energy storage unit is calculated by using the operation data of the energy storage unit, the energy storage unit is subjected to sorting operation according to the service life reference value to obtain a sorting result, and the energy storage unit is subjected to multiple power distribution operations according to the sorting result and the set power to be distributed to obtain the power distribution result of the energy storage unit. When the power distribution of the energy storage unit is carried out, the service life condition of the energy storage unit is considered, the excessive use of the energy storage unit is avoided, the operation efficiency of the energy storage unit and the operation efficiency of the energy storage system are ensured, and the charge and discharge requirements of the energy storage system are met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a method flowchart of a power allocation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for calculating a lifetime reference value according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of power allocation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of another power distribution provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of another power allocation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order to improve the energy utilization efficiency, distributed renewable energy sources typified by wind power and photovoltaic are developed and utilized. Because renewable energy source output has the characteristics of randomness, intermittence, volatility and the like, the safe and stable operation of the power grid can be threatened along with the continuous improvement of the permeability. Under the background, the energy storage system receives a great deal of attention because of the effects of stabilizing the fluctuation of renewable energy power generation, improving the reliability of a power grid, improving the quality of electric energy and the like.
The energy storage system comprises a plurality of energy storage units, the energy storage units can be gradually aged along with continuous use of the energy storage units, and the frequent charging and discharging operation of the energy storage units with lower service life can accelerate the aging process of the energy storage units (particularly batteries), so that the service life of the energy storage units is obviously shortened. Once the energy storage unit ages, its performance decreases, and the energy storage capacity decreases, further affecting the stable operation of the whole power system.
The current charge and discharge strategies of the energy storage unit do not consider the cycle life of the energy storage unit, and can cause premature aging of the energy storage unit, shorten the service life and reduce the economical efficiency and the reliability of the whole system. As the service life of the energy storage unit decreases, maintenance and replacement are required more frequently, which not only increases direct economic costs, but also may affect the continuity of the power supply because equipment replacement causes interruption of system operation. The excessive use of the energy storage unit may also cause the efficiency to be reduced, especially when the energy storage unit frequently performs a small-range charge and discharge operation, the efficiency loss is large, so that the operation efficiency of the whole system is affected, and the charge and discharge requirements of the energy storage system cannot be met.
In order to avoid the problems of low efficiency, frequent maintenance and replacement caused by the overuse of the energy storage system, the method and the device optimize the energy storage scheduling strategy based on the service life priority of the energy storage unit, reasonably allocate the charge and discharge tasks of the energy storage unit, avoid frequent and large-amplitude charge and discharge operations of the energy storage unit with lower service life, and improve the service life of the energy storage unit.
Specifically, when operation data of an energy storage unit meets preset power distribution conditions, the service life reference value of the energy storage unit is calculated by using the operation data of the energy storage unit, sorting operation is performed on the energy storage unit according to the service life reference value to obtain a sorting result, and multiple power distribution operations are performed on the energy storage unit according to the sorting result and the set power to be distributed to obtain the power distribution result of the energy storage unit. When the power distribution of the energy storage unit is carried out, the service life condition of the energy storage unit is considered, the excessive use of the energy storage unit is avoided, the operation efficiency of the energy storage unit and the operation efficiency of the energy storage system are ensured, and the charge and discharge requirements of the energy storage system are met.
In addition, the service life optimal scheme is adopted, so that maintenance and replacement costs caused by excessive use of the energy storage unit can be effectively reduced. By prolonging the service life of the energy storage unit, the investment requirement on new equipment is reduced, so that the operation cost of the whole system is reduced;
based on the foregoing, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power distribution method, which may be applied to an energy storage system controller, such as a PCS (process control systems, process control system), where the number of energy storage units in the energy storage system of the total station may be configured according to the actual configuration, for example, 10, and 10 energy storage units may be controlled by the same PCS. Referring to fig. 1, the power allocation method may include:
S11, judging whether the operation data of the energy storage unit meet preset power distribution conditions or not; if yes, go to step S12.
In practical application, EMS (Energy Management System ) issues AGC (Automatic Generation Control, automatic power generation control) instruction to energy storage system controller, the AGC instruction carrying power P to be distributed set If it is P set If the AGC command is greater than 0, the AGC command is a charging command, if P set And < 0, the AGC command is a discharge command.
After receiving the AGC instruction, judging whether the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the preset power distribution condition.
In detail, after receiving the set power to be distributed (i.e. the AGC instruction described above), the operation data of the energy storage unit is obtained. The operation data may be operation data of each energy storage unit in the last month, such as voltage, SOC (State of Charge), temperature, power, maximum Charge-discharge rate, and the like.
After the operation data is obtained, abnormal data such as a missing value, an invalid value, a high-frequency noise value and the like may exist in the operation data, so that the quality of the operation data is poor, and in order to avoid that the poor operation data affects the accuracy of subsequent data calculation, in this embodiment, a data health reference value of the operation data of the energy storage unit is calculated.
Firstly, for each energy storage unit, calculating the ratio of abnormal data to the total data. The abnormal data is the above-mentioned data missing value, invalid value, high-frequency noise value, etc.
If the ratio of any energy storage unit is greater than 30%, the whole data quality of the operation data is considered to be unqualified, and the data health reference value heathdataq=0; and if all the ratios are not more than 30%, the data quality of the operation data is considered to be qualified as a whole, and the data health reference value healthDataQ=1.
And acquiring a preset power distribution condition under the condition that the data health reference value meets a preset reference value condition (healthdataq=1).
The preset power distribution conditions comprise a power judgment condition in a charging scene and a power judgment condition in a discharging scene.
The power judgment conditions under the charging scenario may be as follows:
the power judgment conditions under the discharge scene can be as follows:
wherein P is set For power to be distributed, i is the identification information of the energy storage unit, e.g. the identification number, p maxh The maximum charge and discharge multiplying power of the energy storage unit is used for counting the soc in a charging scene>Judging whether the sum of maximum charge and discharge multiplying power of 30% of energy storage units is less than or equal to P set . Under a discharge scene, counting the sum of maximum charge and discharge multiplying power of the energy storage unit with the soc less than 80%, and judging whether P is more than or equal to set 。
If the power to be distributed is greater than a preset threshold (0 as above), determining that the preset power distribution condition is met if the maximum charge-discharge multiplying power in the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the power judgment condition in the discharge scene; and if the power to be distributed is smaller than a preset threshold (0 as above), determining that the preset power distribution condition is met if the maximum charge-discharge multiplying power in the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the power judgment condition in the charging scene. Reference is made in particular to the above formula.
If the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the preset power distribution condition, the current operation state of the energy storage unit is indicated to be capable of prolonging the service life through the power distribution operation in the embodiment of the invention, and the service life is prolonged.
If the power judgment condition under the charging scene or the power judgment condition under the discharging scene is not met, the operation data of the energy storage units are not met with the preset power distribution condition, and whether the operation data of the energy storage units meet the target energy storage units of the preset power distribution condition or not can be judged at the moment, if the number of the energy storage units can be reduced, if one is reduced, then the step S11 is executed again, and the execution is repeated continuously until the operation data of the target energy storage units meeting the preset power distribution condition are screened or the operation data of each energy storage unit are determined to not meet the preset power distribution condition.
If the operation data of the target energy storage units meet the preset power distribution conditions, the operation of the subsequent steps S12-S14 is carried out on the energy storage units, and the power distribution operation is carried out on the remaining energy storage units by adopting a progressive photovoltaic priority strategy. And if the operation data of each energy storage unit does not meet the preset power distribution condition, performing power distribution operation on all the energy storage units by using a progressive photovoltaic priority strategy.
Specifically, the specific content of the progressive photovoltaic priority strategy is as follows:
and preferentially supplying the electric energy of the photovoltaic upwards, calling the electric energy of the energy storage unit step by step in the constraint range if the electric energy of the photovoltaic is insufficient, and storing the electric energy of the photovoltaic into the energy storage unit step by step in the constraint range if the electric energy of the photovoltaic is redundant.
S12, calculating a life reference value of the energy storage unit by using the operation data of the energy storage unit.
In the invention, when power distribution is carried out, the service life priority of the energy storage unit is referred, so that the service life reference value of the energy storage unit needs to be calculated.
Referring to fig. 2, step S12 may include:
s21, calculating a life attenuation coefficient of the energy storage unit based on the operation data of the energy storage unit.
In practical application, the life attenuation coefficient represents the life attenuation degree of the energy storage unit and can also represent the aging degree of the energy storage unit.
In the present invention, the life attenuation coefficient may include an equivalent ohmic impedance, an equivalent self-discharge rate, and a voltage offset ratio, and the calculation processes thereof will be described.
1) And calculating equivalent ohmic impedance by using the voltage and current in the last charge and discharge operation in the operation data.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the equivalent ohmic impedance is:
wherein res i Is equivalent to ohmic resistance, V i Andi is the identification information of the energy storage unit, such as the identification number, for the voltage and current of the energy storage unit in the last charge/discharge initial stage (voltage abrupt phase).
2) And according to the operation data, sampling voltage at the start-stop time in the longest standing period in the appointed time period, and calculating the equivalent self-discharge rate.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the equivalent self-discharge rate is:
sDis i ＝|Vocv n+1 -Vocv n |
wherein i is the identification information of the energy storage unit, sDis i Is equivalent to self-discharge rate, sDis i Calculated from the difference of the sampling voltage (Vocv) at the start and stop time (current 0) of the longest standing period in a specified period (such as the previous day), wherein Vocv n+1 Vocv is the sampling voltage at the end of the rest n Is the sampling voltage at the start of the rest.
3) And calculating a voltage offset ratio based on the charge state information and the charge and discharge states in the last scheduling time in the operation data.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the voltage offset ratio is:
wherein i is the identification information of the energy storage unit, vOff i vOff is the voltage offset ratio i The calculation process of (1) is as follows:
labeling the SOC of the energy storage unit by 1 (such as 10% -30%, 40% -60% and the like) every 10% of SOC span in the last effective dispatching day, and based on charge/discharge stateStatus labelling 2 (charge state or discharge state). Taking intersections of the tag 1 and the tag 2 (for example, a certain energy storage unit is in a state of charge with an SOC of 20% -30%). For the energy storage units with SOC in the interval of 40% -60% in the intersection, taking the median voltage, namely vMid i If the state of charge is in this case, the voltage reference value vMidBase i ＝min(vMid i ) I.e. taking the vMid of all the energy storage units i The minimum value of (2) is used as a voltage reference value; if the discharge state is at this time, vMidBase i ＝max(vMid i ) Energy units, i.e. vMid of all energy-storage units i The maximum value of (a) is used as a voltage reference value; if one energy storage unit is not in SOC 40% -60% and is in a charging state, vOff i And taking the average value of the calculation results of other energy storage units.
S22, calculating a life reference value corresponding to the life attenuation coefficient.
Specifically, the equivalent ohmic impedance, the equivalent self-discharge rate and the voltage offset ratio can reflect the service life condition of the energy storage unit from different angles, and in this embodiment, the equivalent ohmic impedance, the equivalent self-discharge rate and the voltage offset ratio are weighted and summed to obtain the service life reference value.
The calculation formula of the life reference value is as follows:
wherein i is the identification information of the energy storage unit, and the health score i For the life reference value of the energy storage unit i, [ q ] 1 ,q 2 ,q3]And (5) distributing a parameter H_weight for the Weight, and configuring according to actual requirements.
In calculating the lifetime reference value, in order to avoid res i 、sDis i 、vOff i Due to the excessive or insufficient value, the health score of different energy storage units i In the present embodiment, the calculated result of res is larger than that of res in the calculation i 、sDis i 、sDis i And carrying out normalization processing to ensure uniform data reference.
And S13, sorting the energy storage units according to the life reference value to obtain a sorting result.
In practical application, after the life reference value is obtained through calculation, the energy storage units can be subjected to sorting operation, so that the life quality of the energy storage units is known, the energy storage units with good service lives are convenient to charge and discharge, and the energy storage units with poor service lives are prevented from being charged and discharged frequently.
When the sorting operation is performed, different sorting modes are adopted based on different data health reference values of the operation data.
Under the condition that the data health reference value meets the preset reference value condition (healthdataq=1), the data quality of the operation data is good, the accuracy of subsequent calculation is not affected by abnormal data in the operation data, the life reference value obtained through calculation has referential property, and at the moment, the energy storage units can be subjected to positive sequence sorting operation according to the sequence from the large life reference value to the small life reference value, so that a positive sequence sorting result is obtained.
Specifically, it may be a heath score i Configuring a corresponding life priority weighting factor [ W ] i ]，healthScore i The larger [ W ] i ]The smaller 1>W i >0。
In this embodiment, according to the healthScore i The positive sequence of the sequences from big to small is ordered to obtain [ W ] i ]Ranking results of (1), e.g. HealthScore of energy storage units 1 Healthscore greater than No. 2 energy storage unit 2 Then [ W ] 1 ]Less than [ W ] 2 ]And obtaining a positive sequence ordering result. In the positive sequence ordering result, [ W ] i ]The larger the life, the worse.
In addition, during charge and discharge operation, the SOC of the energy storage unit with poor service life can be regulated to a better SOC state (such as 80 percent>SOC>20%), in this embodiment, the energy storage units may be subjected to a reverse order sorting operation according to the order of the lifetime reference values from small to large, so as to obtain a reverse order sorting result. Wherein, the smaller the identification number is, the worse the service life is, the service life of which energy storage units can be obtained from the reverse order sequencing resultAnd (3) difference. The reverse order result is opposite to the positive order result, namely the above [ W ] i ]Ranging from large to small.
And finally, combining the positive sequence sequencing result and the reverse sequence sequencing result to obtain a sequencing result.
In another implementation manner of the present invention, in a case where the data health reference value of the operation data does not meet the preset reference value condition, that is, when the health data q=0, it indicates that the quality of the operation data is poor, and even if the life reference value is obtained by calculation, the operation data is inaccurate, so in this embodiment, the life reference value is not used for sorting, but sorting is performed according to the identification information of the energy storage units, so as to obtain a sorting result, and at this time, a positive-sequence sorting result in the sorting result is that the No. 1 energy storage unit is arranged before the No. 2 energy storage unit, the No. 2 energy storage unit is arranged before the No. 3 energy storage unit, and so on. The reverse order sequencing results are that the No. 3 energy storage unit is arranged before the No. 2 energy storage unit, the No. 2 energy storage unit is arranged before the No. 1 energy storage unit, and so on.
And S14, performing multiple power distribution operations on the energy storage unit according to the sequencing result and the set power to be distributed to obtain a power distribution result of the energy storage unit.
Specifically, in this embodiment, multiple rounds of power allocation operations are performed until the allocation of the power Pset to be allocated is completed.
When power distribution is carried out, the SOC of the energy storage unit with poor service life is firstly regulated to gradually approach a better SOC interval, such as 80% > SOC >20%, so that the energy storage unit can be ensured to be in a low DOD (Depth ofdischarge ) state and a low power state subsequently, the stability of a charge and discharge state is maintained, and overcharge and overdischarge are avoided.
After the first round of power distribution is completed, when the subsequent power distribution is performed, the energy storage unit with better service life can be subjected to charge and discharge operation preferentially, so that the charge and discharge time of the energy storage unit with poorer service life is reduced, and the aging speed of the energy storage unit is reduced.
In this embodiment, when the operation data of the energy storage unit meets a preset power allocation condition, calculating a lifetime reference value of the energy storage unit by using the operation data of the energy storage unit, performing a sorting operation on the energy storage unit according to the lifetime reference value to obtain a sorting result, and performing multiple power allocation operations on the energy storage unit according to the sorting result and the set power to be allocated to obtain a power allocation result of the energy storage unit. When the power distribution of the energy storage unit is carried out, the service life condition of the energy storage unit is considered, the excessive use of the energy storage unit is avoided, the operation efficiency of the energy storage unit and the operation efficiency of the energy storage system are ensured, and the charge and discharge requirements of the energy storage system are met.
Based on the above, the embodiment of the present invention introduces "according to the sorting result and the set power to be allocated, performing multiple power allocation operations on the energy storage unit, and obtaining the power allocation result of the energy storage unit". Referring to fig. 3, may include:
s31, according to the reverse order sequencing result in the sequencing results, performing primary power distribution operation by using the set power to be distributed and the state of charge value of each energy storage unit.
Specifically, in the reverse order sorting result, the earlier the sorting, the worse the lifetime of the energy storage unit, in this embodiment, the shorter the lifetime of the energy storage unit is, the better the adjustment is, i.e. according to W i The power distribution (life time is from poor to good) is sequentially adjusted from large to small, and the SOC value with limited service life is gradually approaching to the SOC interval with better service life, such as 80%>SOC>20％。
When the first power distribution is carried out, the power distribution formula is as follows:
P i ＝±min(P remaining ,W i *P ebatt )
wherein P is i Distributing power for the energy storage unit i; p (P) remaining For unassigned power; p (P) assigni Is the power that has been allocated and is,is the sum of the allocated powers, W i For the life priority weighting factor of the energy storage unit, the specific implementation refers to the corresponding description, pe batt The power rating of the battery of the energy storage unit.
In practical applications, the state of charge of the energy storage power supply also affects the allocated power value. When the energy storage unit SOC<When 20%, the electric quantity is low, and only charging is performed, at the moment P i <0, i.e. at SOC<20% of:
P i ＝-min(P remaining ,W i *P ebatt )
so that the SOC of the energy storage unit is adjusted to an optimal SOC interval, and the situation that the electric quantity is too low due to the fact that the energy storage unit is excessively discharged due to discharging at the moment can be avoided.
When the SOC of the energy storage unit>80% of the time, the electric quantity is higher, only discharge is possible, at this time P i >0, i.e. at SOC>80% of the time:
P i ＝+min(P remaining ,W i *Pe batt )
so that the SOC of the energy storage unit is adjusted to an optimal SOC interval, and the occurrence of overcharge of the energy storage unit caused by charging at this time can be avoided.
If it is 80%>SOC>20, at this time, if P set > 0, then:
P i ＝+min(P remaining ,W i *Pe batt )
if P set < 0, then:
P i ＝-min(P remaining ,W i *Pe batt )
by the first power allocation operation, the [ P ] of the first round can be calculated 1 …P i ]。
And S32, if the power to be distributed is not distributed, updating the charge state value of each energy storage unit.
Specifically, in practical application, after the power distribution of the first round, the power P is to be distributed set The allocation may or may not be complete. If the distribution is completed, ending the power distribution operation, carrying out corresponding charge and discharge operation according to the distributed power, and if the distribution is not completed, continuing the subsequent power distribution operation.
At this time, the state of charge value of each of the energy storage units needs to be updated before the second round of power distribution operation.
Specifically, assuming that after the charge and discharge operations are performed according to the power allocated in the first round, the SOC of the energy storage unit is changed, the changed SOC of the energy storage unit, that is, the updated state of charge value, is calculated, and then the state of charge value of each energy storage unit is updated.
S33, performing power distribution operation according to a positive sequence sequencing result in the sequencing results by using unassigned power in the power to be distributed and the updated charge state values of the energy storage units.
After the power distribution of the first round, the SOC with poor service life can be ensured to gradually approach to a better SOC section, or the better SOC section is regulated, at the moment, the energy storage unit with better service life can be preferentially used during the subsequent power distribution, and the energy storage unit with poor service life can be subsequently used, so that the use frequency of the energy storage unit with poor service life is reduced.
Therefore, when power distribution is performed subsequently, the power distribution operation is performed according to the positive sequence ordering result.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, step S33 may include:
s41, performing secondary power distribution operation according to a positive sequence sequencing result in the sequencing results by using unallocated power in the power to be distributed, updated charge state values of the energy storage units and a secondary power distribution rule.
The power distribution formula in the secondary power distribution rule is specifically as follows:
P extra,i ＝±min(P remaining ,0.8*W i *P max )
P i ＝P i +P extra,i
wherein P is i Distributing power for the energy storage unit i; p (P) remaining For unassigned power; p (P) assigni Is the power that has been allocated and is,is the sum of the allocated powers, W i For the life priority weighting factor of the energy storage unit, P extra,i Power allocated for this power allocation of the energy storage unit, P max Is the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage unit.
In particular, if P remaining The following is carried out When=0, the second round of power distribution is performed, the second round of power distribution is based on W i The power distribution is performed in order from small to large (lifetime from good to bad). Wherein, when the energy storage unit SOC<At 20%, only charge, P i <0, taking a negative value; SOC (State of Charge)>At 80%, only discharge is possible at this point P i >0, taking a positive value. When 80%>SOC>Between 20%, if P remaining >0, then discharge is performed if P remaining And < 0, charging is performed, and specific reference is made to the corresponding description above.
And S42, if the power to be distributed is not distributed, updating the charge state value of each energy storage unit.
If the power to be distributed is not distributed, the process of updating the state of charge value of each energy storage unit can refer to step S32, and then three power distribution operations are continued.
If the power to be distributed is distributed, ending the power distribution operation, and carrying out corresponding charging and discharging operation according to the distributed power.
S43, according to the positive sequence sorting result, performing power distribution operation by using unassigned power in the power to be distributed, updated charge state values of the energy storage units and a three-time power distribution rule.
If P remaining The following is carried out If the power is=0, the third round of power distribution is performed, and the third round of power distribution is based on W i The power distribution is performed in order from small to large (lifetime from good to bad). The power allocation formula in the third power allocation rule is specifically as follows:
P extra,i ＝±min(P remaining ,P max )
P i ＝P i +P extra,i
wherein P is i Distributing power for the energy storage unit i; p (P) remaining For unassigned power; p (P) assigni Is the power that has been allocated and is,is the sum of the allocated powers, W i For the life priority weighting factor of the energy storage unit, P extra,i Power allocated for this power allocation of the energy storage unit, P max Is the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage unit.
The power allocation formula in the third power allocation rule differs from the power allocation formula in the second power allocation rule in that P extra,i In the calculation formula of (a), in the three power distribution rules, W is omitted i Due to W i If the ratio is less than 1, W is omitted i The power allocation can be completed as soon as possible.
In general, the power allocation operation can be completed through two or three rounds of power allocation, so in this embodiment, reference is made only to W i Three rounds of power allocation are performed, and if P set A larger number of power allocations may be provided.
If the power distribution to be distributed is completed, namely P remaining =0, then the power allocation operation is ended, at which point P remaining =0. Counting the unit identification number of the last round of life priority distribution as M, if M<Maximum energy storage unit maximumNumbering, then output the power distribution result [ P ] of the energy storage unit i ]And performing corresponding charge and discharge operations according to the distributed power.
If the power to be allocated is not allocated, step S44 is executed.
And S44, if the power to be distributed is not distributed, performing power distribution operation by using a progressive photovoltaic priority strategy.
Specifically, if at this time P remaining The following is carried out And (4) performing power distribution according to the progressive photovoltaic priority strategy until the power distribution is completed.
In order to verify the rationality of the embodiment, the environment of the algorithm test is PSCARD simulation test, the total station comprises 10 energy storage units, each energy storage unit is hung under one PCS, the sampling interval of data is 2s, and the data unit of the total station is at the same level as A, W, V.
Under the condition of receiving different AGC instructions, the alternating current side load rates are 40%, 60% and 80% in sequence, and under the condition of the different alternating current side load rates, the service life priority of each energy storage unit and the optimal service life distribution power of each energy storage unit are tested.
1) When l2=0.4, p_agc=6900 kW, the optimum lifetime allocation results are shown in table 1:
table 1 optimum lifetime distribution results with p_agc=6900 kW when the load factor l2=0.4
2) When l2=0.6, p_agc=10350 kW, the optimum lifetime allocation results are shown in table 2:
table 2 optimum lifetime distribution results with p_agc=10350 kW when the load factor l2=0.6
3) When l2=0.8, p_agc=13800 kW, the optimum lifetime allocation results are shown in table 3:
table 3 optimum lifetime distribution results with p_agc=13800 kW when the load factor l2=0.8
As shown in tables 1 to 3, since the life priority is considered in the power distribution, the distributed power of the different energy storage units is different and corresponds to the life thereof.
In this embodiment, through the service life optimization scheme, the AGC scheduling system can make an intelligent scheduling decision according to the actual condition and the remaining life of each energy storage unit. The energy storage units can be distributed and used more uniformly in the life cycle, the cycle life of the energy storage units is prolonged, the benefit of the whole life cycle is improved, the safety of the battery cell is enhanced, and the overall utilization efficiency of energy storage resources is improved.
In addition, the optimal service life scheme not only improves the service efficiency of equipment and reduces the operation cost, but also is beneficial to realizing the sustainable development of the power system. Through optimizing the use of the energy storage unit, the generation of waste batteries is reduced, the burden on the environment is reduced, and the green transformation of the energy industry is promoted. This approach, which increases system efficiency and sustainability from a source, is an important direction for future power system development.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation procedure of a power allocation method. Referring to fig. 5, the energy storage unit data is acquired, and may specifically be the operation data described above. And then calculating a life attenuation coefficient, carrying out normalization processing on the life attenuation coefficient, and calculating the priority of the energy storage life by using the normalized life attenuation coefficient, wherein the priority can be specifically the life reference value. And then, sorting the service life priorities of the energy storage units, judging whether a service life prolonging space exists after sorting is completed, and if so, solving the optimal service life power distribution according to the repeated power distribution operation.
If the life-prolonging space does not exist, the number of the optimal life-prolonging distribution units is reduced by one, if the number of the optimal life-prolonging distribution units is originally one, nine energy-saving units are used, the steps are repeatedly executed until the energy-saving units with the life-prolonging space are screened, and the optimal life-prolonging power distribution is solved according to the multiple power distribution operations, or all the energy-saving units do not have the life-prolonging space, and the progressive photovoltaic priority strategy is used for carrying out the power distribution operation.
On the basis of the above power distribution method, another embodiment of the present invention provides a power distribution apparatus, referring to fig. 6, which may include:
the condition judging module 11 is used for judging whether the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the preset power distribution condition;
a life calculation module 12, configured to calculate a life reference value of the energy storage unit by using the operation data of the energy storage unit if the life reference value is positive;
the sorting module 13 is used for sorting the energy storage units according to the life reference value to obtain a sorting result;
and the power distribution module 14 is configured to perform multiple power distribution operations on the energy storage unit according to the sorting result and the set power to be distributed, so as to obtain a power distribution result of the energy storage unit.
Further, the condition judgment module 11 is specifically configured to:
after receiving the set power to be distributed, acquiring operation data of an energy storage unit, and acquiring preset power distribution conditions; the preset power distribution conditions comprise a power judgment condition under a charging scene and a power judgment condition under a discharging scene, and if the power to be distributed is larger than a preset threshold value, the maximum charge and discharge multiplying power in the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the power judgment condition under the discharging scene, the preset power distribution condition is confirmed to be met, and if the power to be distributed is smaller than the preset threshold value, the maximum charge and discharge multiplying power in the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the power judgment condition under the charging scene, and the preset power distribution condition is confirmed to be met.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
the health calculation module is used for calculating a data health reference value of the operation data of the energy storage unit;
the condition judgment module 11 is configured to obtain a preset power allocation condition when the data health reference value meets a preset reference value condition.
Further, the lifetime calculation module 12 includes:
the coefficient calculation sub-module is used for calculating the life attenuation coefficient of the energy storage unit based on the operation data of the energy storage unit;
and the life calculation sub-module is used for calculating a life reference value corresponding to the life attenuation coefficient.
Further, the life decay factor includes an equivalent ohmic impedance, an equivalent self-discharge rate, and a voltage offset ratio;
a coefficient calculation sub-module comprising:
the impedance calculation unit is used for calculating equivalent ohmic impedance by utilizing the voltage and the current in the last charge and discharge operation in the operation data;
the discharge rate calculation unit is used for calculating the equivalent self-discharge rate according to the sampling voltage at the start and stop time in the longest standing period in the appointed time period in the operation data;
and the ratio calculating unit is used for calculating the voltage offset ratio based on the charge state information and the charge and discharge states in the last scheduling time in the operation data.
Further, the lifetime calculation submodule is specifically configured to:
and carrying out weighted summation on the equivalent ohmic impedance, the equivalent self-discharge rate and the voltage offset ratio to obtain a life reference value.
Further, the sorting module 13 is specifically configured to:
and under the condition that the data health reference value of the operation data meets the preset reference value condition, performing positive sequence sorting operation on the energy storage unit according to the sequence from the long-life reference value to the small-life reference value to obtain a positive sequence sorting result, performing reverse sequence sorting operation on the energy storage unit according to the sequence from the short-life reference value to the large-life reference value to obtain a reverse sequence sorting result, and combining the positive sequence sorting result and the reverse sequence sorting result to obtain a sorting result.
Further, the sorting module 13 is specifically configured to:
and under the condition that the data health reference value of the operation data does not meet the preset reference value condition, sorting according to the identification information of the energy storage unit to obtain a sorting result.
Further, the power distribution module 14 includes:
the first allocation submodule is used for performing first power allocation operation by using the set power to be allocated and the state of charge value of each energy storage unit according to the reverse ordering result in the ordering results;
A state updating sub-module, configured to update a state of charge value of each energy storage unit if the power to be allocated is not allocated;
and the second allocation submodule is used for carrying out power allocation operation by using unallocated power in the power to be allocated and the updated charge state value of each energy storage unit according to the positive sequence ordering result in the ordering results.
Further, the second allocation submodule includes:
the first distribution unit is used for performing secondary power distribution operation by using unassigned power in the power to be distributed, updated charge state values of the energy storage units and a secondary power distribution rule according to a positive sequence ordering result in the ordering results;
the updating unit is used for updating the charge state value of each energy storage unit if the power to be distributed is not distributed;
the second allocation unit is used for performing power allocation operation by using unallocated power in the power to be allocated, updated charge state values of the energy storage units and a three-time power allocation rule according to the positive sequence ordering result;
and the third distribution unit is used for performing power distribution operation by using a progressive photovoltaic priority strategy if the power to be distributed is not distributed.
Further, the power distribution module 14 is also configured to:
under the condition that the condition judging module 11 judges that the operation data of the energy storage unit does not meet the preset power distribution condition, judging whether the target energy storage unit with the operation data meeting the preset power distribution condition can be screened out; and if not, performing power distribution operation by using a progressive photovoltaic priority strategy.
In this embodiment, when the operation data of the energy storage unit meets a preset power allocation condition, calculating a lifetime reference value of the energy storage unit by using the operation data of the energy storage unit, performing a sorting operation on the energy storage unit according to the lifetime reference value to obtain a sorting result, and performing multiple power allocation operations on the energy storage unit according to the sorting result and the set power to be allocated to obtain a power allocation result of the energy storage unit. When the power distribution of the energy storage unit is carried out, the service life condition of the energy storage unit is considered, the excessive use of the energy storage unit is avoided, the operation efficiency of the energy storage unit and the operation efficiency of the energy storage system are ensured, and the charge and discharge requirements of the energy storage system are met.
It should be noted that, in the working process of each module and unit in this embodiment, please refer to the corresponding description in the above embodiment, and no further description is given here.
Based on the embodiments of the power distribution method and apparatus, another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor;
wherein the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor invokes the program and is configured to perform the power allocation method described above.
In this embodiment, when the operation data of the energy storage unit meets a preset power allocation condition, calculating a lifetime reference value of the energy storage unit by using the operation data of the energy storage unit, performing a sorting operation on the energy storage unit according to the lifetime reference value to obtain a sorting result, and performing multiple power allocation operations on the energy storage unit according to the sorting result and the set power to be allocated to obtain a power allocation result of the energy storage unit. When the power distribution of the energy storage unit is carried out, the service life condition of the energy storage unit is considered, the excessive use of the energy storage unit is avoided, the operation efficiency of the energy storage unit and the operation efficiency of the energy storage system are ensured, and the charge and discharge requirements of the energy storage system are met.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (13)
1. A method of power allocation, comprising:
judging whether the operation data of the energy storage unit meets a preset power distribution condition or not;
if yes, calculating a life reference value of the energy storage unit by using the operation data of the energy storage unit;
according to the life reference value, sequencing the energy storage units to obtain a sequencing result;
and performing multiple power distribution operations on the energy storage unit according to the sequencing result and the set power to be distributed to obtain a power distribution result of the energy storage unit.
2. The power distribution method according to claim 1, wherein determining whether the operation data of the energy storage unit satisfies a preset power distribution condition comprises:
after receiving the set power to be distributed, acquiring operation data of the energy storage unit;
acquiring preset power distribution conditions; the preset power distribution conditions comprise power judgment conditions in a charging scene and power judgment conditions in a discharging scene;
if the power to be distributed is larger than a preset threshold value, determining that the preset power distribution condition is met if the maximum charge-discharge multiplying power in the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the power judgment condition in the discharge scene;
And if the power to be distributed is smaller than a preset threshold value, determining that the preset power distribution condition is met if the maximum charge-discharge multiplying power in the operation data of the energy storage unit meets the power judgment condition in the charging scene.
3. The power allocation method according to claim 2, further comprising, before acquiring the preset power allocation condition:
calculating a data health reference value of the operation data of the energy storage unit;
and executing the step of acquiring the preset power allocation condition under the condition that the data health reference value meets the preset reference value condition.
4. The power distribution method according to claim 1, wherein calculating a lifetime reference value of the energy storage unit using operation data of the energy storage unit, comprises:
calculating a life attenuation coefficient of the energy storage unit based on the operation data of the energy storage unit;
and calculating a life reference value corresponding to the life attenuation coefficient.
5. The power distribution method according to claim 4, wherein the life decay factor includes equivalent ohmic impedance, equivalent self-discharge rate, and voltage offset ratio;
calculating a life attenuation coefficient of the energy storage unit based on the operation data of the energy storage unit, comprising:
Calculating equivalent ohmic impedance by using the voltage and current in the last charge and discharge operation in the operation data;
according to the operation data, sampling voltage at start-stop time in the longest standing period in a specified time period, and calculating equivalent self-discharge rate;
and calculating a voltage offset ratio based on the charge state information and the charge and discharge states in the last scheduling time in the operation data.
6. The power distribution method according to claim 5, wherein calculating a lifetime reference value corresponding to the lifetime attenuation coefficient includes:
and carrying out weighted summation on the equivalent ohmic impedance, the equivalent self-discharge rate and the voltage offset ratio to obtain a life reference value.
7. The power distribution method according to claim 1, wherein the sorting operation is performed on the energy storage units according to the lifetime reference value, so as to obtain a sorting result, including:
under the condition that the data health reference value of the operation data meets the preset reference value condition, performing positive sequence sorting operation on the energy storage units according to the sequence from the large life reference value to the small life reference value to obtain a positive sequence sorting result;
performing reverse order sorting operation on the energy storage units according to the order of the life reference values from small to large to obtain a reverse order sorting result;
And combining the positive sequence sequencing result and the reverse sequence sequencing result to obtain a sequencing result.
8. The power distribution method according to claim 7, wherein the sorting operation is performed on the energy storage units according to the lifetime reference value, so as to obtain a sorting result, further comprising:
and under the condition that the data health reference value of the operation data does not meet the preset reference value condition, sorting according to the identification information of the energy storage unit to obtain a sorting result.
9. The power allocation method according to claim 1, wherein performing multiple power allocation operations on the energy storage unit according to the sorting result and the set power to be allocated to obtain a power allocation result of the energy storage unit includes:
according to the reverse order sequencing result in the sequencing results, performing primary power distribution operation by using the set power to be distributed and the state of charge value of each energy storage unit;
if the power to be distributed is not distributed, updating the state of charge value of each energy storage unit;
and performing power distribution operation according to the positive sequence sequencing result in the sequencing results by using the unassigned power in the power to be distributed and the updated charge state value of each energy storage unit.
10. The power allocation method according to claim 9, wherein performing a power allocation operation using unassigned power of the power to be allocated and the updated state of charge value of each energy storage unit according to a positive-order ranking result of the ranking results comprises:
performing secondary power distribution operation according to a positive sequence sequencing result in the sequencing results by using unassigned power in the power to be distributed, updated charge state values of the energy storage units and a secondary power distribution rule;
if the power to be distributed is not distributed, updating the state of charge value of each energy storage unit;
according to the positive sequence sequencing result, performing power distribution operation by using unassigned power in the power to be distributed, updated charge state values of the energy storage units and a three-time power distribution rule;
and if the power to be distributed is not distributed, performing power distribution operation by using a progressive photovoltaic priority strategy.
11. The power distribution method according to claim 1, wherein in the case where it is determined that the operation data of the energy storage unit does not satisfy the preset power distribution condition, further comprising:
Judging whether a target energy storage unit with running data meeting preset power distribution conditions can be screened out;
and if not, performing power distribution operation by using a progressive photovoltaic priority strategy.
12. A power distribution apparatus, comprising:
the condition judging module is used for judging whether the operation data of the energy storage unit meet the preset power distribution condition;
the service life calculation module is used for calculating a service life reference value of the energy storage unit by using the operation data of the energy storage unit if the service life reference value is positive;
the sorting module is used for sorting the energy storage units according to the life reference value to obtain a sorting result;
and the power distribution module is used for carrying out multiple power distribution operations on the energy storage unit according to the sequencing result and the set power to be distributed to obtain the power distribution result of the energy storage unit.
13. An electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor;
wherein the memory is used for storing programs;
processor invokes a program and is adapted to perform the power allocation method according to any of claims 1-11.
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