CN117855525A - Conveying device for fuel cell system - Google Patents

Conveying device for fuel cell system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117855525A
CN117855525A CN202311297247.XA CN202311297247A CN117855525A CN 117855525 A CN117855525 A CN 117855525A CN 202311297247 A CN202311297247 A CN 202311297247A CN 117855525 A CN117855525 A CN 117855525A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
compressor
channel
side channel
fuel cell
conveying device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202311297247.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
J·韦斯内尔
M·卡茨
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of CN117855525A publication Critical patent/CN117855525A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
    • F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • B60L50/72—Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D23/00—Other rotary non-positive-displacement pumps
    • F04D23/008—Regenerative pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/54—Installations characterised by use of jet pumps, e.g. combinations of two or more jet pumps of different type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04111—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants using a compressor turbine assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03243—Fuel tanks characterised by special pumps, the mounting thereof
    • B60K2015/0325—Jet pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03256—Fuel tanks characterised by special valves, the mounting thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03309—Tanks specially adapted for particular fuels
    • B60K2015/03315—Tanks specially adapted for particular fuels for hydrogen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

A delivery device for a fuel cell system for delivering and/or recirculating gaseous medium, the delivery device having a side channel compressor, which is driven at least partially by a metering valve with a driving jet of gaseous medium under pressure, the delivery device being supplied with gaseous medium under pressure by means of the metering valve, the side channel compressor having a compressor wheel, which is arranged in a rotatable manner about a rotational axis, an anode output of the fuel cell being fluidly connected to an input of the delivery device, and an output of the delivery device being fluidly connected to an anode input of the fuel cell, the compressor wheel having first blades, which are arranged on a periphery of the compressor wheel in the region of a compressor chamber, the side channel compressor having a first circumferential length, in the region of which the component water can be separated into a connecting channel by means of the compressor wheel by means of centrifugal principle, the side channel compressor being fluidly connected to the flow channel only via a second circumferential length.

Description

Conveying device for fuel cell system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a delivery device for a fuel cell system for delivering and/or recirculating a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, which is provided in particular for use in a vehicle having a fuel cell drive.
Background
In the field of vehicles, gaseous fuels will play an increasingly important role in the future in addition to liquid fuels. Especially in vehicles with fuel cell drives, it is necessary to control the flow of hydrogen gas. In this case, the gas flow is no longer controlled discontinuously as in the case of injection of liquid fuel, but rather gas is extracted from the at least one high-pressure vessel and conducted via the inflow line of the medium-pressure line system to the delivery device. The delivery device directs the gas to the fuel cell via a connection line of the low pressure line system.
A delivery device for a fuel cell system for delivering and/or recirculating a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, is known from DE 10 2017 222 390 A1, which has a side channel compressor, has a jet pump driven by a driving jet of the gaseous medium under pressure and has a metering valve. The injection pump is supplied with a gaseous medium under pressure by means of a metering valve, wherein the anode output of the fuel cell is in fluid connection with the input of the delivery device, and wherein the output of the delivery device is in fluid connection with the anode input of the fuel cell.
The transport device known from DE 10 2017 222 390 A1/the known fuel cell system may each have certain disadvantages. In this case, the components of the delivery device, in particular the side channel compressor, the HGI valve and the jet pump, are connected to one another and/or to the fuel cell and/or to other components of the delivery device at least in part by means of fluid connections in the form of lines and, if appropriate, by means of additional distributor plates with built-in channels. The components are at least partially present here as separate groups of structures which are connected to one another by means of lines. In this case, on the one hand, a large flow diversion and thus a flow loss occur. Thereby reducing the efficiency of the conveyor.
On the other hand, since the metering valve and/or the jet pump and/or the side passage compressor and the like are arranged as separate members, the following disadvantages occur: these components generally form a large surface with respect to the installation space and/or the geometric volume. In this way, rapid cooling is facilitated, in particular in the case of long-term parking of the entire vehicle, which can lead to increased ice bridge formation and thus increased damage to components and/or the entire fuel cell system, which in turn can lead to reduced reliability and/or service life of the conveying device and/or of the fuel cell system. Furthermore, another disadvantage is the poor cold start performance of the components of the metering valve and/or the jet pump and/or the side channel compressor and/or of the fuel cell system and/or of the entire vehicle, since heating energy and/or thermal energy must be introduced individually into the components of the side channel compressor and/or the jet pump and/or the metering valve and/or the like, respectively, wherein the components are arranged remote from one another and therefore each component must be heated separately, in particular at temperatures below 0 ℃, in order to remove possible ice bridges.
In addition, it is necessary to provide the side channel compressor, the jet pump, the metering valve, and the like with their own housings, respectively, which results in high manufacturing costs and/or material costs. The provision of the jet pump also results in increased installation space requirements for the entire system of the delivery device, since the jet pump can be designed in an overhanging manner in combination with the metering valve.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the invention, a delivery device for a fuel cell system is provided, for delivering and/or recirculating a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, having a side channel compressor, wherein the delivery device is driven at least partially by a drive jet of the gaseous medium under pressure by means of a metering valve, wherein the gaseous medium under pressure is supplied to the delivery device by means of the metering valve, wherein the side channel compressor has a compressor wheel which is arranged in a rotatable manner about a rotational axis, wherein an anode output of a fuel cell, in particular of a fuel cell stack, is in fluid connection with an input, in particular an inflow channel, of the delivery device, and wherein an output, in particular an outflow channel, of the delivery device is in fluid connection with an anode input of the fuel cell, wherein the compressor wheel has first blades which are arranged on the periphery of the compressor wheel in the region of a compressor chamber, wherein the side channel compressor has a first circumferential length, in particular in the region of the chamber, wherein the side channel compressor wheel is in fluid connection with a second circumferential channel, in particular by means of a compressor channel, only by means of a circumferential length, wherein the flow channel is in fluid connection with a second circumferential channel, in particular with a centrifugal channel.
According to the invention, a delivery device for a fuel cell system is provided for delivering and/or recycling a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen. The conveying device is at least partially driven by a drive jet of the gaseous medium under pressure by means of the metering valve, wherein the gaseous medium under pressure is supplied to the conveying device by means of the metering valve, wherein the side channel compressors have compressor wheels which are each arranged rotatably about a rotational axis. The anode output of the fuel cell, in particular of the fuel cell stack, is in fluid connection with the input of the delivery device, in particular the inflow channel. The output of the delivery device, in particular the outflow channel, is furthermore connected in fluid connection with the anode input of the fuel cell. The compressor wheel has a first vane, which is arranged on the periphery of the compressor wheel in the region of the compressor chamber.
According to the invention, a conveying device is proposed in which the side channel compressor has a first circumferential length, in particular in the region of the compressor chamber, wherein the component water can be separated into the connecting channels by means of the centrifugal principle by means of a compressor wheel, in particular a vane. The side channel compressor is here in fluid connection with the flow channel only via the second circumferential length. In this way the following advantages can be achieved: the side channel compressor is used for separating water from the gaseous medium in the region of the conveyor set, in addition to the gaseous medium. Furthermore, the side channel compressor may be supplied with drive medium, in particular via the metering valve and the flow channel. The function of separating water from the gaseous medium by means of the centrifugal principle and the function of supplying the drive medium to the side channel compressor can be arranged in spatially separate regions of the first and second circumferential lengths, whereby (abbildbar) can be realized and both functions are implemented in different regions of the side channel compressor. Therefore, no loss of power is caused, and efficiency in separation of water and driving of the compressor wheel can be further improved.
According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the delivery device, the compressor wheel can be driven at least indirectly by a driving jet of the metering valve, which acts on the vane. Here, the vane of the compressor wheel is supplied with a driving jet by the metering valve via the flow channel. In this way, the efficiency of the conveyor assembly can be improved, since the compressor wheel is efficiently driven via the blades. The vane is driven via the flow channel by the driving jet of the metering valve at least indirectly. In this case, the drive medium, which is at high pressure and has a high velocity, in particular in the form of a drive jet, impinges on the surface of the blade and is brought about in particular by means of momentum transfer and/or flow effects: a force is applied to the compressor wheel and the compressor wheel is moved and/or kept in motion due to the lever arm. In addition, the following advantages can be achieved: the component injection pump can be omitted and is no longer necessary, since the compressor wheel is driven directly by means of the metering valve, as a result of which the required installation space of the conveying device can be reduced, since the component injection pumps used in the prior art can be constructed in such a way that they project outwards and away from the remainder of the components of the conveying device. In addition, the following advantages can be achieved: the conveying device and/or the side channel compressor and/or the drive motor can be cooled by means of a fresh inflow of drive medium, in particular from a reservoir, in particular a high-pressure reservoir. Furthermore, the production costs of the conveying device can be reduced, since the use of additional cooling element components is now no longer necessary.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the conveying device, the separation of water from the gaseous medium in the compressor chamber takes place only in the first angular range β. Furthermore, the compressor chamber is connected to the flow channel only in the second angular range γ. Here, the first angle range β does not overlap with the second angle range γ. In this way, the function of separating water from the gaseous medium by means of the centrifugal principle and the function of driving the compressor wheel by means of the driving medium, in particular by means of the driving jet, can be spatially separated from one another. The functional area can thus be arranged into a divided area of the first and second circumferential lengths, whereby both functions can be implemented and carried out in different areas of the side channel compressor. Therefore, no power loss results. Furthermore, the efficiency in terms of water separation and compressor wheel driving can be further improved.
According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the conveying device, the conveying device has a tank, wherein the side channel compressor and the tank are at least indirectly fluidically connected by means of a connecting channel and together form a water separator. Here, the connecting channel is at a higher geodetic level than the inflow channelNiveau), in particular by means of which the side channel compressor and/or the conveying device is supplied with gaseous medium, and which inflow channel is at a lower geodetic level. In this way the following advantages can be achieved: on the one hand, a compact arrangement of the components of the conveying device and thus a compact design of the conveying device can be achieved. In addition, the following advantages can be achieved in this way: it is possible to avoid water accumulation in one of the lines of the conveyor and to lead the water directly from the conveyor to the tank of the water collector. Furthermore, in the case of a water removal, the water can be brought to a higher geodetic level when it is removed into the tank, so that no additional lifting work has to be done to remove the water from the system and/or anode region by means of the water separator when the water is removed from the tank later. By means of the embodiment of the conveying device according to the invention, energy can thus be saved and the efficiency of the conveying device can be increased.
According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the conveying device, the side channel compressor is driven by means of a drive, in particular an electric drive, wherein the drive is located between the side channel compressor and the tank in the direction of the reference axis. In this way the following advantages can be achieved: on the one hand, a compact arrangement of the components of the conveying device and thus a compact design of the conveying device can be achieved. In addition, the following advantages can be achieved in this way: it is possible to avoid water accumulation in one of the lines of the conveyor and to lead the water directly from the conveyor to the tank of the water collector. Furthermore, in the case of a water removal, the water can be brought to a higher geodetic level when it is removed into the tank, so that no additional lifting work has to be done to remove the water from the system and/or anode region by means of the water separator when the water is removed from the tank later. By means of the embodiment of the conveying device according to the invention, energy can thus be saved and the efficiency of the conveying device can be increased. Furthermore, the following advantages can be achieved: rapid cooling of the component-side channel compressor, drive and tank is prevented, especially in the event of long-term parking of the entire vehicle, which results in a reduction and/or avoidance of ice bridge formation. In this case, the following effects are advantageously used: the drive generates heat during operation, for example by friction and/or electrical resistance, wherein the heat can be used to avoid cooling of all components in the common housing. In this case, it is advantageous if the drive is located between the component-side channel compressor and the tank, since the drive can thus transmit its thermal energy uniformly to the components in both directions. Further, cooling of the tank and the water contained therein is thus prevented, wherein water is prevented from freezing and damage to the tank due to expansion due to large expansion of the water below the freezing point is prevented. Thus, the reliability of the conveying device and/or of the water separator and/or of the side channel compressor and/or of the tank can be increased.
According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the conveying device, the connecting channel extends through the interior of the housing of the drive at least over a part of the length of the connecting channel. In this way the following advantages can be achieved: the drive may be cooled by means of a medium flowing through the connection channel. In particular, in certain operating states of the fuel cell system, at high rotational speeds of the drive, increased heat development may occur in the drive. In this case, the cooler medium flowing through the connection channel serves for the temperature reduction of the drive in that it absorbs the existing thermal energy from the drive and transports it out of the drive via the connection channel. Therefore, the failure probability of the driver due to damage caused by an elevated temperature can be reduced, whereby the service life of the entire conveying apparatus can be increased.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the conveying device, the tank is connected to the drive, in particular to the housing of the drive, by means of a heat-conducting element. In this way the following advantages can be achieved: the thermal energy generated in the drive can be transferred from the drive to the tank in a faster and more efficient manner. Furthermore, it is possible to at least slow down the cooling of the tank in the event of prolonged standstill of the entire vehicle and low external temperatures, in particular below 0 ℃, since the remaining thermal energy is continuously transferred from the drive to the tank also after the transport device and/or the drive has been switched off. As a result, damage to the tank by frozen water can be prevented and the probability of failure of the conveying device and/or of the water separator and/or of the tank can be reduced.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the conveying device, the components of the side channel compressor, the drive and the tank are located in a common housing. In this way, in particular in the case of long-term parking of the entire vehicle, by arranging the components in a common housing, an improved cold start capability of the conveying device and/or of the fuel cell system can be achieved with overall reduced volume of the conveying device, since less heating mass is required and since the existing heat of the individual components can be used to heat the common housing. In addition, the failure probability of the transport device and/or of the fuel cell system can be reduced, wherein the service life can be increased. In addition, a compact design of the conveyor device can be achieved, since the three components of the side channel compressor, the tank and the drive can be mounted in a common housing.
According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the conveying device, the side channel compressor has a heating element, wherein the heating element is located in particular in a housing of the side channel compressor and/or in a common housing of the conveying device. In this way the following advantages can be achieved: in the case of a cold start procedure of the entire vehicle, at ambient temperatures, in particular below 0 ℃, existing ice bridges are eliminated in the flow profile of the conveyor and/or of the side channel compressor and/or of the tank by means of, for example, energizing the heating element and/or supplying the heating element with capacity. The heating element generates heat by means of the energy introduced and transfers this energy in the form of heat energy to the common housing and from there to the ice bridge, in particular melting the ice bridge. However, in further exemplary embodiments of the conveying device, the heating element can also be located in all further components of the conveying device.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and aspects highlighted therein. Rather, a number of variations and/or combinations of the features and/or advantages described in the description can be implemented within the scope given by the description, which variations and/or combinations are within the ability of a person skilled in the art.
Drawings
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The drawings show:
fig. 1 shows a top view of a conveyor, which has a water separator,
fig. 2 shows a section through the conveyor device, indicated by D-D in fig. 1, in particular with a side channel compressor,
fig. 3 shows a side view of a conveyor device with a water separator and a metering valve.
Detailed Description
The schematic diagram according to fig. 1 shows a top view of the conveyor 1. The delivery device is suitable for use in a fuel cell system 31 for delivering and/or recycling gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen. In addition, fig. 1 shows that the anode output 3 of the fuel cell 29, in particular of the fuel cell stack 22, is in fluid connection with the input, in particular the inflow channel 18, of the delivery device 1, and that the output, in particular the outflow channel 19, of the delivery device 1 is in fluid connection with the anode input 5 of the fuel cell 29.
Fig. 1 shows that the first axis 15 and/or the second axis 17 extend at least approximately parallel to the reference axis 12. The first axis 15 here defines a first geodetic level 15 and the second axis 17 defines a second geodetic level 17. In addition, a gaseous medium, which is the anode gas, can be pumped from the fuel cell stack 33 by means of the delivery device 1, wherein the gaseous medium is a non-consumed recycle in the fuel cell stack 33. The recirculation flows into the conveying device 1 and/or into the inflow channel 18 via the anode outlet 3 and may contain water. The water may be present, for example, in the form of water particles 11, which appear in particular as water droplets. In the side channel compressor 8, the component water is separated from the gaseous medium by means of the centrifugal principle. The gaseous medium flows from the side channel compressor 8 through an outflow channel 19 which extends at least partially along the first axis 15 and/or rotationally symmetrically about the first axis 15 and at least partially along a third axis 27 and/or rotationally symmetrically about the third axis 27, wherein the third axis 27 extends at an angle α with respect to the axes 15, 17, 27.
As shown in fig. 1, the conveying device 1 has a tank 13, wherein the side channel compressor 8 and the tank 13 are at least indirectly fluidically connected by means of a connecting channel 20 and together form a water separator 10, wherein the connecting channel 20 is located at a higher geodetic level 17 than the inflow channel 18. By means of the inflow channel 18, the side channel compressor 8 and/or the conveying device 1 are supplied with gaseous medium, in particular recirculation, wherein the inflow channel 18 is at a lower geodetic level 15, in particular with respect to the direction of action 34 of gravity. The connecting channel 20 extends in a first subregion a of the connecting channel at least approximately parallel to the reference axis 12 (shown in fig. 2). In this case, water is conducted away from the side channel compressor 8, in particular from the compressor chamber 30 (shown in fig. 2), via the connecting channel 20, in particular into the tank 13. Here, the reference axis 12 extends orthogonally to the direction of action 34 of the gravitational force. The connecting channel 20 extends at least approximately parallel to the reference axis 12 in a second partial region B of the connecting channel, wherein the connecting channel 20 furthermore extends slightly obliquely to the reference axis 12, so that gravity can be used to conduct water from the side channel compressor 8 into the tank 13. In addition, the water separator 10 and/or the tank 13 are located above the anode output 3 and/or above the first axis 15. The inflow channel 18 is connected to the cathode outlet 23 by means of a first outflow 28, in which the first outlet valve 14, in particular the purge valve 14, is located. The tank 13 of the water separator 10 is furthermore connected to the cathode outlet 23 by means of a second outflow 32, in which the second outlet valve 16, in particular the drain valve 16, is located. The conveyor device 1 can be used in a vehicle for supplying electrical energy to a drive and/or auxiliary consumers. The tank 13 is located elevated above the cathode output 23 so that it can store water without requiring additional structural space below the fuel cell stack 33. At the same time, backflow into the conveying device 1 and/or the side channel compressor 8 is thus prevented. The first outlet valve 14 shown here can be used to reduce the nitrogen content in the anode gas and/or in the gaseous medium, if this function of the second outlet valve 16 (in particular the outlet valve 16) is only inadequately fulfilled.
Fig. 1 shows that the side channel compressor 8 is driven by means of a drive 26, in particular an electric drive 26, wherein the drive is located between the side channel compressor 8 and the tank 13 in the direction of the reference axis 12. The connecting channel 20 extends here through the interior 42 of the housing of the drive 26 at least over a part of its length. The component-side channel compressor 8, the drive and the tank 13 can be located in a common housing 34. It is also shown that the fuel cell stack 33 is supplied with air, in particular oxygen, from the environment by means of the cathode input 25. After the oxygen has reacted at least partially with the hydrogen in the fuel cell stack 33, this air is led out of the fuel cell stack 33 by means of the cathode output 23. All components of the conveyor device 1 can be fastened to the fuel cells 29 and/or to the fuel cell stack 33 by means of the plate-shaped element 2.
Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of the conveyor device 1, which is indicated by D-D in fig. 1, in particular with a side channel compressor 8. It is shown here that the connecting duct 20 extends at least in the first sub-area a at least approximately tangentially with respect to the compressor chamber 30 of the side duct compressor 8, which extends annularly about the axis of rotation 41. The gaseous medium, including the water particles 11, is placed in a rotational movement by means of the compressor wheel 7 of the side channel compressor 8 and/or is transported and/or is driven in the circumferential direction by means of the compressor wheel 7. For this purpose, a plurality of blades 35 are formed on the outer diameter of the compressor wheel 7, which carry and/or transport the gaseous medium in the event of a rotational movement of the compressor wheel 7. Due to the higher density, during the transport of the gaseous medium by means of the blades 35, the water and/or water particles 11 are displaced radially outwards in the compressor chamber 30 (in the case of the typical high rotational speeds of the side channel compressor 8, within half a rotor revolution) and are guided out of the side channel compressor 8 by means of the connecting channel 20. The gaseous medium, which is fed via the feed channel 18 into the compressor chamber 30 of the side channel compressor 8 at the lower geodetic level 15 in the region of the first plane 15, is separated at the higher geodetic level 17 by the connecting channel 20.
As shown in fig. 2, the side channel compressor 8 has a first circumferential length 37, in particular in the region of the compressor chamber 30, wherein in the region of this first circumferential length 37, components can be separated from the water into the connecting channel 20 by means of the centrifugal principle by means of the compressor wheel 7, in particular the blades 35, wherein the side channel compressor 8 is in fluid connection with the flow channel 22 only via the second circumferential length 39. The compressor wheel 7 can be driven at least indirectly by a driving jet 40 of the metering valve 6, which acts on the vane 35, wherein the driving jet 40 is supplied by the metering valve 6 via the flow channel 22 to the vane 35 of the compressor wheel 7. The compressor wheel 7 is arranged rotatably about a rotational axis 41. It is further shown that the separation of water from the gaseous medium in the compressor chamber 30 takes place only in the first angular range β, the compressor chamber 30 being connected to the flow channel 22 only in the second angular range γ. Here, the first angle range β does not overlap with the second angle range γ. In this case, the first circumferential length 37, in particular the compressor chamber 30, is fluidically separated from the flow duct 22 in the region of the first circumferential length 37.
The gaseous medium, including water, is placed in a rotary motion in the compressor wheel 7 of the side channel compressor 8 and/or is transported and/or is driven in the circumferential direction by means of the compressor wheel 7. For this purpose, a plurality of first blades 35 are formed on the outer diameter of the compressor wheel 7, which carry and/or transport the gaseous medium in the event of a rotational movement of the compressor wheel 7. Due to the higher density, when the gaseous medium is fed by means of the first blades 35, the water migrates radially outwards in the compressor chamber 30, in the region of the first circumferential length 37 within half a rotor revolution at the typical high rotational speeds of the side channel compressor 8, and is guided out of the side channel compressor 8 by means of the connecting channel 20.
In addition, fig. 2 shows that the side channel compressor 8 has a heating element 21, wherein the heating element 21 is located in particular in the housing of the side channel compressor 8 and/or in a common housing 43 of the conveying device 1. The heating element 21 can be used at low temperatures if the system heating power alone is insufficient to heat the following areas of the conveyor 1 in a targeted manner: in the event of a long parking of the entire vehicle, residual water accumulates in the region, wherein the residual water builds up an ice bridge at temperatures below 0 ℃, which damages the conveyor 1. In order to prevent such a construction of the ice bridge, the heating element 21 is electrically supplied with energy, in particular heating energy. Furthermore, in further alternative embodiments, the heating element 21 may be supplied with energy by means of a heat exchanger, in particular in addition to electrical energy, and/or the heating element 21 may be supplied with energy by means of a magnetic field, in particular inductively, and/or the heating element 21 may be supplied with energy mechanically, and/or the heating element 21 may be supplied with energy chemically. In this case, the component tank 13 and the drive located in the common housing 43 can also be additionally supplied with thermal energy by means of the heating element 21 in order to protect these further components from the formation of ice bridges in the event of low temperatures.
Before the respective interruption zone 45 fluidically interrupts the respective side channel 24, the following gaseous medium flows into the outflow channel 19: water is extracted from the gaseous medium in the region of the first circumferential length 37 and the gaseous medium is supplied with the driving medium from the metering valve 6 in the region of the second circumferential length 39 and mixed with the driving medium.
Fig. 3 shows a top view of a conveyor device 1 with a water separator 10, a side channel compressor 8 and a metering valve 6. Here, the components 6, 8, 10 are shown mounted on a plate-shaped carrier element 2 and are connected at least indirectly via the plate-shaped carrier element 2 to a fuel cell 29/fuel cell stack 33 (shown in fig. 1). Furthermore, fig. 3 shows that the connecting channel 20 extends through the interior 42 of the housing of the drive over at least a part of its length, as a result of which the temperature in the drive can be reduced, in particular at the operating points of the drive which lead to high temperature development. It is also shown that the tank 13 is connected to the drive 26, in particular to the housing of the drive 26, by means of a heat-conducting element 38. In this way, the thermal energy present in the drive 26 can be transferred to the tank 13 in an improved and accelerated manner, so that cooling of the tank 13 is prevented in the event of a long parking of the entire vehicle, but also so that a more rapid heating of the tank 13 can be achieved in the framework of a cold start procedure by means of the drive 26. The tank 13 is connected to the drive, in particular to the housing of the drive 26, by means of a heat-conducting element 38.

Claims (12)

1. A delivery device (1) for a fuel cell system (31) for delivering and/or recirculating a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen, having a side channel compressor (8), wherein the delivery device (1) is driven at least partially by means of a metering valve (6) with a driving jet (40) of the gaseous medium under pressure, wherein the delivery device (1) is supplied with the gaseous medium under pressure by means of the metering valve (6), wherein the side channel compressor (8) has a compressor wheel (7) which is arranged in a rotatable manner about a rotational axis (41), wherein an anode output (3) of a fuel cell (29), in particular of a fuel cell stack (33), is in fluid connection with an input, in particular an inflow channel (18), of the delivery device (1), and wherein an output, in particular an outflow channel (19), of the delivery device (1) is in fluid connection with an anode input (5) of the fuel cell (29), wherein the compressor wheel (7) has compressor blades (35) which are arranged in a circumferential region (30) on the side of the compressor wheel, in particular in a circumferential region (30), wherein in the region of the first circumferential length (37) component water can be separated into the connecting channel (20) by means of the compressor wheel (7), in particular the blades (35), by means of the centrifugal principle, wherein the side channel compressor (8) is in fluid connection with the flow channel (22) exclusively via the second circumferential length (39).
2. Conveyor device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressor wheel (7) can be driven at least indirectly by a driving jet (40) of the metering valve (6), which acts on the blade (35), wherein the driving jet (40) is supplied by the metering valve (6) via the flow channel (22) to the blade (35) of the compressor wheel (7).
3. The conveying device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the separation of water from the gaseous medium in the compressor chamber (30) is performed only in a first angular range (β) and the compressor chamber (30) is connected to the flow channel (22) only in a second angular range (γ), wherein the first angular range (β) and the second angular range (γ) do not overlap.
4. A conveying device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the conveying device (1) has a tank (13), wherein the side channel compressor (8) and the tank (13) are at least indirectly fluidly connected by means of the connection channel (20) and jointly form a water separator (10), wherein the connection channel (20) is at a higher geodetic level (17) than the inflow channel (18), in particular the side channel compressor (8) and/or the conveying device (1) are supplied with the gaseous medium by means of the inflow channel, and the inflow channel is at a lower geodetic level (15).
5. Conveyor device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side channel compressor (8) is driven by means of a drive (26), in particular an electric drive (26), wherein the drive (26) is located between the side channel compressor (8) and the tank (13) in the direction of the reference axis (12).
6. The conveying device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the connection channel (20) extends through the interior space (42) of the housing of the driver (26) at least over a part of the length of the connection channel.
7. Conveyor device (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the tank (13) is connected with the drive (26), in particular with a housing of the drive (26), by means of a heat-conducting element (38).
8. Conveyor device (1) according to any of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the components of the side channel compressor (8), the drive (26) and the tank (13) are located in a common housing (43).
9. Conveyor device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side channel compressor (8) has a heating element (21), wherein the heating element (21) is located in particular in a housing of the side channel compressor (8) and/or in a common housing (43) of the conveyor device (1).
10. The conveying device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first circumferential length (37), in particular the compressor chamber (30), is fluidly separated from the flow channel (22) in the region of the circumferential length (37).
11. Use of a conveying device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10 in a fuel cell system (31).
12. Use of a fuel cell system (31) according to any one of claims 1 to 11 in a vehicle for supplying electrical energy to a driving device and/or an auxiliary consumer.
CN202311297247.XA 2022-10-07 2023-10-07 Conveying device for fuel cell system Pending CN117855525A (en)

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DE102022210605.9 2022-10-07
DE102022210605.9A DE102022210605A1 (en) 2022-10-07 2022-10-07 Conveying device for a fuel cell system for conveying and/or recirculating a gaseous medium, in particular hydrogen

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DE102017222390A1 (en) 2017-12-11 2019-06-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Conveying device for a fuel cell assembly for conveying and / or recirculating a gaseous medium

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