CN117848877B - Three-dimensional direction separation type Hopkinson pressure bar impact test equipment - Google Patents
Three-dimensional direction separation type Hopkinson pressure bar impact test equipment Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
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- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/307—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/62—Manufacturing, calibrating, or repairing devices used in investigations covered by the preceding subgroups
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- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses three-dimensional direction separation type Hopkinson pressure bar impact test equipment, and belongs to the technical field of rock material dynamic impact mechanics experiment test equipment. The impact test equipment comprises a horizontal support, an X-axis impact test assembly and a Y-axis impact test assembly which are arranged at the top of the horizontal support and are mutually perpendicular, and a Z-axis impact test assembly which is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal support, wherein the X-axis impact test assembly, the Y-axis impact test assembly and the Z-axis impact test assembly all comprise preloading devices in corresponding directions, axial prestress loads in corresponding directions can be provided before dynamic impact of a sample, and the Z-axis impact test assembly comprises a vertical calibration device for correcting the vertical directions of a Z-axis incident rod and a Z-axis transmission rod. The invention can realize the simultaneous application of high strain rate dynamic load in three directions of XYZ and can apply pre-stress load in the three directions of the three axes, thereby leading the experimental result to be more similar to the real stress field state of the deep rock mass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock material dynamic impact mechanics experiment test equipment, in particular to three-dimensional direction separation type Hopkinson pressure bar impact test equipment.
Background
Due to the high confining pressure, complexity and anisotropy of the deep rock mass, the deep rock mass is usually under the multidirectional dynamic loading condition of three-way confining pressure when disturbed by high strain rate load, so that the conventional Hopkinson pressure bar dynamically loaded in one-dimensional direction is difficult to accurately simulate the stress state of the deep rock under the real condition. The existing Hopkinson pressure bar test device can apply unidirectional high-strain-rate dynamic load to a rock sample with bidirectional confining pressure, but cannot provide pre-compression for the sample in the dynamic load application direction, and cannot apply high-strain-rate dynamic load to the sample in two directions of bidirectional confining pressure, so that the device has obvious limitation in simulating dynamic mechanical characteristics of deep rock mass.
Because the Hopkinson pressure bar test process can generate impact disturbance with a certain amplitude on the direct support component of the dowel bar, the support component of the Hopkinson pressure bar can generate offset with a certain amplitude after a certain number of test experiments, and the correction control of the offset is a problem to be solved in the present. The Hopkinson bar in the vertical direction is easy to be unstable due to the action of gravity, and the supporting stability of the Hopkinson bar is a key factor for determining the vertical dynamic loading quality, so that the supporting component of the Hopkinson bar in the three-dimensional direction has urgent design requirements. The invention patent with the application number 201410013027.4 discloses a three-dimensional Hopkinson pressure bar steering head device, which improves the synchronism of incident waves, but the three-dimensional Hopkinson pressure bar in the scheme cannot realize impact loading with different sizes in the three-dimensional direction. The invention patent with the application number 201811602351.4 discloses a real triaxial Hopkinson bar solid dynamic damage and ultrasonic wave propagation testing method, which can realize the test of the dynamic impact damage evolution of solid materials such as rock, concrete and the like and the ultrasonic wave propagation speed under the in-situ pressure maintaining state; however, in this solution, since the z-axis hopkinson bar device is generally bulky, the conventional calibration method is cumbersome and inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide the three-dimensional direction separated Hopkinson pressure bar impact test equipment, which can realize that high strain rate dynamic load is applied simultaneously in three directions of XYZ and prestress load can be applied in three directions of the three axes, so that an experimental result is more similar to a real stress field state of a deep rock mass, and the accuracy and the reliability of research are improved; in addition, through the setting of vertical calibrating device, can also realize the calibration work to the hopkinson pole of Z axial direction, avoided the loaded down with trivial details process of traditional hopkinson pole calibration.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The split Hopkinson pressure bar impact testing device comprises a horizontal support, wherein an X-axis impact testing component and a Y-axis impact testing component which are perpendicular to each other are arranged at the top of the horizontal support, the impact testing device further comprises a Z-axis impact testing component which is perpendicular to the X-axis impact testing component and the Y-axis impact testing component, and the Z-axis impact testing component penetrates through the horizontal support.
Further, the X-axis impact testing assembly comprises an X-axis incidence rod and an X-axis transmission rod which are coaxially arranged, wherein one end of the X-axis incidence rod, which is far away from the sample, is provided with an X-axis energy storage impact rod for applying impact load to the X-axis incidence rod, and one end of the X-axis transmission rod, which is far away from the sample, is provided with an X-axis preloading device for providing axial prestress load for the sample along the X-axis.
Further, the Y-axis impact testing assembly comprises a Y-axis incidence rod and a Y-axis transmission rod which are coaxially arranged, one end, far away from the sample, of the Y-axis incidence rod is provided with a Y-axis energy storage impact rod for applying impact load to the Y-axis incidence rod, and one end, far away from the sample, of the Y-axis transmission rod is provided with a Y-axis preloading device for providing axial prestress load for the sample along the Y-axis.
Further, the Z-axis impact test assembly comprises a vertical support, a Z-axis incidence rod and a Z-axis transmission rod are coaxially arranged on the vertical support, one end, far away from the sample, of the Z-axis incidence rod is provided with a Z-axis energy storage impact rod for applying impact load to the Z-axis incidence rod, and one end, far away from the sample, of the Z-axis transmission rod is provided with a Z-axis preloading device for providing axial prestress load for the sample along the Z axis.
Further, the X-axis preloading device, the Y-axis preloading device and the Z-axis preloading device have the same structure.
Further, the X-axis preloading device comprises a preloading hydraulic pump, a plurality of second hydraulic telescopic arms are connected to the preloading hydraulic pump, the end parts of the second hydraulic telescopic arms are connected with the same second workbench, and one side, close to the sample, of the second workbench is connected with a preloading table through a second spring.
Further, the vertical support is further provided with a vertical hydraulic lifting table for adjusting the height of the Z-axis incidence rod and eliminating the influence of gravity, and the Z-axis incidence rod is connected with the vertical hydraulic lifting table.
Further, the vertical hydraulic lifting platform comprises a Z-axis hydraulic pump, a plurality of first hydraulic telescopic arms are connected to the Z-axis hydraulic pump, the end portions of the plurality of first hydraulic telescopic arms are connected with the same first workbench, lifting platforms are arranged above the first workbench in parallel, the lifting platforms are connected with the first workbench through a plurality of groups of first springs, and the Z-axis incident rod is fixedly connected with the lifting platforms.
Furthermore, a vertical calibration device for correcting the Z-axis incidence rod, the Z-axis transmission rod and the Z-axis energy storage impact rod in the vertical direction is further arranged in the vertical support.
Further, the vertical support comprises four upright posts, the vertical calibration device comprises ball screws rotatably arranged in each upright post, each ball screw is connected with a transmission gear matched with the ball screw, secondary transmission gears meshed with the transmission gears are arranged at different heights in each upright post, and the installation heights of different secondary transmission gears on the four upright posts are correspondingly the same; one side of the secondary transmission gear, which is far away from the transmission gear, is connected with a screw rod through a third spring, and the end part of each screw rod is connected with a roller.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that,
1. According to the three-dimensional direction separated Hopkinson pressure bar impact test equipment, the impact test components are independently arranged in the three directions of XYZ, so that high strain rate dynamic load can be simultaneously applied in the three directions, the impact test components in each direction comprise the preloading devices in the corresponding directions, the pre-stress load can be applied to the sample before the sample is subjected to dynamic impact, further, the experimental result can be more similar to the real stress field state of the deep rock mass, and the research accuracy and reliability are improved.
2. According to the invention, the vertical hydraulic lifting table is arranged in the Z-axis impact test assembly, and the influence of the gravity of the Z-axis incident rod can be eliminated on the premise that the Z-axis incident rod is not rigidly fixed by the mutual matching of the hydraulic system and the spring device, so that the influence on an experiment result is avoided.
3. According to the invention, the vertical calibration device is further arranged in the Z-axis impact test assembly, and the secondary transmission gears with four different heights can be adjusted by utilizing the mutual matching of the ball screw and the transmission gears with the upper and lower inclined structures, so that the space positions of the idler wheels for fixing the Z-axis incident rod, the Z-axis transmission rod and the Z-axis energy storage impact rod are controlled, the calibration work of the Hopkinson rod in the Z-axis direction is realized, the complicated process of the traditional Hopkinson rod calibration is avoided, and the calibration is more accurate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the three-dimensional direction separation type hopkinson pressure bar impact test equipment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the X-axis impact test assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the Y-axis impact test assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the Z-axis impact testing assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the X-axis preloading device of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view of the structure of the X-axis preloading device of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the vertical hydraulic lifting platform and the Z-axis preloading device, and the Z-axis incident rod and the Z-axis transmission rod.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydraulic lifting platform of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a front view of the hydraulic lifting platform structure of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydraulic lifting platform and the Z-axis incident rod of the invention.
Fig. 11 is a front view showing the internal structure of the vertical aligning apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is an isometric view of the structure of the vertical alignment apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a top view of the internal structure of the vertical alignment apparatus of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-horizontal rack, 2-X axis impact test assembly, 201-X axis high pressure air pump, 202-X axis energy storage impact bar, 203-X axis incident bar, 204-X axis transmission bar, 3-Y axis impact test assembly, 301-Y axis high pressure air pump, 302-Y axis energy storage impact bar, 303-Y axis incident bar, 304-Y axis transmission bar, 4-Z axis impact test assembly, 401-vertical rack, 4011-upright post, 402-Z axis incident bar, 403-Z axis transmission bar, 404-Z axis high pressure air pump, 405-Z axis energy storage impact bar, 5-X axis preloading device, 501-preloading hydraulic pump, 502-second hydraulic telescoping arm, 503-second work table, 504-mounting block, 505-second spring, 506-preloading table, 6-Y axis preloading device, 7-vertical hydraulic telescoping table, 701-Z axis hydraulic pump, 702-first work table, 704-elevating table, 705-first spring, 8-Z axis preloading device, 10-1001-ball screw, 1005-gear, 1005-transmission device, 10-1001-gear, 1008-transmission device, and transmission screw, 1005-transmission device.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The three-dimensional direction separation type Hopkinson pressure bar impact test device comprises a cross-shaped horizontal support 1, wherein an X-axis impact test assembly 2 and a Y-axis impact test assembly 3 are arranged at the top of the horizontal support 1, the X-axis impact test assembly 2 is perpendicular to the Y-axis impact test assembly 3, the impact test device further comprises a Z-axis impact test assembly 4 which is perpendicular to the X-axis impact test assembly 2 and the Y-axis impact test assembly 3, and the Z-axis impact test assembly 4 penetrates through the horizontal support 1.
Specifically, the X-axis impact testing assembly 2 includes an X-axis high-pressure air pump 201, an output end of the X-axis high-pressure air pump 201 is connected with an X-axis energy storage impact rod 202, one end of the X-axis energy storage impact rod 202, which is far away from the X-axis high-pressure air pump 201, is connected with an X-axis incident rod 203, the X-axis impact testing assembly 2 further includes an X-axis transmission rod 204 coaxially arranged with the X-axis incident rod 203, one end of the X-axis transmission rod 204, which is far away from the X-axis incident rod 203, is provided with an X-axis preloading device 5 for providing an axial prestress load along an X-axis, a sample 9 is in a cube structure, and two surfaces along the X-axis direction are located between the X-axis incident rod 203 and the X-axis transmission rod 204.
Similarly, the Y-axis impact testing assembly 3 includes a Y-axis high-pressure air pump 301, an output end of the Y-axis high-pressure air pump 301 is connected with a Y-axis energy storage impact rod 302, one end of the Y-axis energy storage impact rod 302, which is far away from the Y-axis high-pressure air pump 301, is connected with a Y-axis incident rod 303, the Y-axis impact testing assembly 3 further includes a Y-axis transmission rod 304 coaxially arranged with the Y-axis incident rod 303, one end of the Y-axis transmission rod 304, which is far away from the Y-axis incident rod 303, is provided with a Y-axis preloading device 6 for providing an axial prestress load along the Y-axis, and two surfaces of the sample 9 along the Y-axis direction are located between the Y-axis incident rod 303 and the Y-axis transmission rod 304. The X-axis energy storage impact bar 202, the X-axis incident bar 203, the X-axis transmission bar 204, the Y-axis energy storage impact bar 302, the Y-axis incident bar 303, and the Y-axis transmission bar 304 are all mounted on the horizontal bracket 1 through support members.
The Z-axis impact test assembly 4 comprises a vertical support 401, wherein the vertical support 401 vertically penetrates through the horizontal support 1, and a central through hole for the vertical support 401 to penetrate through is formed in the center of the horizontal support 1. The Z-axis energy storage impact rod 405 is installed on the vertical support 401, the Z-axis energy storage impact rod 405 is connected with the Z-axis high-pressure air pump 404, one end, away from the Z-axis high-pressure air pump 404, of the Z-axis energy storage impact rod 405 is connected with the Z-axis incidence rod 402, and the Z-axis transmission rod 403 is also installed on the vertical support 401.
The vertical support 401 includes four stand 4011, just the top of vertical support 401 is equipped with vertical hydraulic lifting platform 7, vertical hydraulic lifting platform 7 is connected with Z axle incident rod 402, through the height of vertical hydraulic lifting platform 7 adjustment Z axle incident rod 402, is convenient for install fixedly sample 9, can also eliminate the gravity influence of Z axle incident rod 402 through vertical hydraulic lifting platform 7 simultaneously. The bottom of the vertical support 401 is provided with a Z-axis preloading device 8 for providing a prestress load along the Z-axis direction, the Z-axis preloading device 8 is connected with the Z-axis transmission rod 403, and two surfaces of the sample 9 along the Z-axis direction are positioned between the Z-axis incidence rod 402 and the Z-axis transmission rod 403.
More specifically, the vertical hydraulic lifting platform 7 includes a Z-axis hydraulic pump 701, where the Z-axis hydraulic pump 701 is located at the top of four columns 4011, and four first hydraulic telescopic arms 702 are symmetrically connected to the Z-axis hydraulic pump 701, and the Z-axis energy storage impact rod 405 is located in a space enclosed by the four first hydraulic telescopic arms 702. The ends of the four first hydraulic telescopic arms 702 are connected with the same first workbench 703, the first workbench 703 is clamped between the four upright posts 4011 and can move up and down along the axial direction of the upright posts 4011, and the length of the first hydraulic telescopic arms 702 is adjusted through the pressure of hydraulic oil in the Z-axis hydraulic pump 701, so that the position of the first workbench 703 can be adjusted. A lifting table 704 is further arranged on the inner side of the space surrounded by the four first hydraulic telescopic arms 702, the lifting table 704 is parallel to the first workbench 703, and the lifting table 704 is connected with the first workbench 703 through a plurality of first springs 705; the Z-axis incident rod 402 is fixedly connected with the lifting platform 704, and the top of the Z-axis incident rod 402 penetrates through the lifting platform 704 and then is connected with the Z-axis energy storage impact rod 405, and the bottom end of the Z-axis incident rod 402 penetrates through the first workbench 703 but is not fixed with the first workbench 703. Before testing, the Z-axis incidence rod 402 and the Z-axis transmission rod 403 are adhered and fixed to two surfaces of the sample 9 along the Z-axis direction, so that the lifting table 704, the Z-axis incidence rod 402 and the sample 9 form an integral structure, the Z-axis hydraulic pump 701 drives the first hydraulic telescopic arm 702 to stretch and retract, the first spring 705 is compressed to different degrees, the influence of gravity of the Z-axis incidence rod 402 can be eliminated on the premise that the Z-axis incidence rod 402 is not rigidly fixed, and the influence on experimental results is avoided.
The X-axis preloading device 5, the Y-axis preloading device 6, and the Z-axis preloading device 8 are identical in structure, and are different in arrangement direction. Taking the X-axis preloading device 5 as an example, the X-axis preloading device 5 includes a preloading hydraulic pump 501, four second hydraulic telescopic arms 502 are connected to the preloading hydraulic pump 501, the ends of the four second hydraulic telescopic arms 502 are connected to the same second workbench 503, and the length of the second hydraulic telescopic arms 502 is adjusted by the pressure of hydraulic oil in the preloading hydraulic pump 501, so that the position of the second workbench 503 can be adjusted, and for convenience in installation, four installation blocks 504 are installed on the preloading hydraulic pump 501, and the four installation blocks 504 are used for stably installing the preloading hydraulic pump 501 on the horizontal bracket 1. The second workbench 503 is far away from a side surface of the second hydraulic telescopic arm 502 and is symmetrically provided with a plurality of groups of second springs 505, one end of the second springs 505 far away from the second workbench 503 is connected with a pre-loading table 506, the second springs 505 are distributed in a circumferential array between the second workbench 503 and the pre-loading table 506, six groups are formed, and the X-axis transmission rod 204 is fixedly connected with the pre-loading table 506. Since the sample 9 needs to be connected to the X-axis incident rod 203 and the X-axis transmission rod 204 along both sides of the X-axis before the test, the sample 9, the X-axis transmission rod 204, and the pre-load table 506 are of an integral structure, and when the second hydraulic telescopic arm 502 is extended, the second table 503 is moved toward the pre-load table 506, the second spring 505 is pressed by the balanced state, thereby applying a static pressure to the pre-load table 506, the X-axis transmission rod 204, and the sample 9, and as the second hydraulic telescopic arm 502 is extended, the greater the pre-stress load applied to the sample 9, the second spring 505 gradually resumes the deformation as the second hydraulic telescopic arm 502 is shortened, and the pre-stress load applied to the sample 9 gradually decreases, so that it is possible to apply different magnitudes of axial pre-stress loads to the sample 9 without affecting the loading of the impact load on the premise that the X-axis transmission rod 204 is not rigidly fixed.
The use principle of the three-dimensional direction separation type Hopkinson pressure bar impact testing device in the embodiment is as follows: in use, the cube sample 9 is adhesively fixed between the X-axis incident rod 203 and the X-axis transmission rod 204 along two sides in the X-axis direction, and between the Y-axis incident rod 303 and the Y-axis transmission rod 304 along two sides in the Z-axis direction, and between the Z-axis incident rod 402 and the Z-axis transmission rod 403 along two sides in the Z-axis direction (at this time, the height of the Z-axis incident rod 402 needs to be adjusted by the vertical hydraulic lifting table 7 so as to facilitate the installation of the sample 9), before the dynamic impact test, corresponding static pre-stress loads are applied to the sample 9 in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis three-axis directions by the X-axis pre-loading device 5, the Y-axis pre-loading device 6 and the Z-axis pre-loading device 8, respectively, and then, according to the state of the deep rock stress field to be simulated, the stress load in the X-axis direction is applied to the sample 9 by the X-axis high-pressure air pump 201 and the X-axis energy storage impact rod 202, the stress load in the Y-axis direction is applied to the sample 9 by the Y-axis high-pressure pump 301 and the Z-axis energy storage impact rod 302, and the stress load in the Z-axis direction is applied to the sample 9 by the Z-axis high-pressure pump and the Z-axis energy storage impact rod 405.
Before the Z-axis high-pressure air pump 404 and the Z-axis energy storage impact rod 405 apply a stress load in the Z-axis direction to the sample 9, the Z-axis hydraulic pump 701 drives the first hydraulic telescopic arm 702 to stretch and retract, so that the first spring 705 is compressed to different degrees, the influence of the gravity of the Z-axis incident rod 402 can be eliminated on the premise that the Z-axis incident rod 402 is not rigidly fixed, and the influence on experimental results is avoided.
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, in order to calibrate the Z-axis incident rod 402, the Z-axis transmission rod 403 and the Z-axis energy storage impact rod 405 in the vertical direction, a vertical calibration device 10 is further disposed in the vertical support 401, as shown in fig. 11-13.
Specifically, the vertical calibration device 10 includes a motor 1001 disposed at the bottom in each upright 4011, an output end of each motor 1001 is connected with a ball screw 1002, the ball screws 1002 are located in the corresponding upright 4011, each ball screw 1002 is connected with a transmission gear 1003 matched with the ball screw 1002, secondary transmission gears 1004 are installed at different heights in each upright 4011, the secondary transmission gears 1004 are meshed with the transmission gears 1003, and installation heights of different secondary transmission gears 1004 on the four uprights 4011 are the same correspondingly. The upper and lower sides of the transmission gear 1003 and the secondary transmission gear 1004 are bevel gears, which is designed to give the secondary transmission gear 1004 a force directed to the corresponding stem center when the transmission gear 1003 encounters the secondary transmission gear 1004 during the up and down processes. A third spring 1005 is arranged on one side, far away from the transmission gear 1003, of the secondary transmission gear 1004, a groove block 1006 is connected to one end, far away from the secondary transmission gear 1004, of the third spring 1005, a screw rod 1007 is connected to the groove block 1006, each end of the screw rod 1007 is connected to a roller 1008 for clamping and fixing a corresponding vertical rod (including a Z-axis incidence rod 402, a Z-axis transmission rod 403 and a Z-axis energy storage impact rod 405), four rollers 1008 respectively clamp and fix the corresponding Z-axis incidence rod 402, the Z-axis transmission rod 403 or the Z-axis energy storage impact rod 405 around the corresponding Z-axis incidence rod 402, the Z-axis incidence rod 402 is fixed in the vertical direction by a vertical hydraulic lifting platform 7, and a circle of rollers 1008 on the periphery in the horizontal direction are fixed.
The use principle of the vertical calibration device 10 in this embodiment is: when the motor 1001 operates to drive the ball screw 1002 to rotate and the transmission gear 1003 is not in contact with the secondary transmission gear 1004, the upper brake of the transmission gear 1003 is released, the transmission gear 1003 does not rotate, and the ball screw 1002 rotates counterclockwise as the ball screw 1002 rotates clockwise, and the transmission gear 1003 descends. When the transmission gear 1003 encounters the secondary transmission gear 1004 in the ascending or descending process, the force directed to the rod center by the transmission gear 1004 compresses the third spring 1005, so that the secondary transmission gear 1004 is contracted, and the transmission gear 1003 smoothly passes through. The upper part of the transmission gear 1003 has a controllable brake part, and the transmission gear 1003 rotates at the same level when the brake part is clamped due to the characteristics of the ball screw 1002, and the transmission gear 1003 moves vertically along the ball screw 1002 when the brake part is released. Therefore, the upper brake portion is clamped when the transmission gear 1003 reaches the engagement height with the secondary transmission gear 1004, the vertical height does not change, and the secondary transmission gear 1004 is rotated clockwise as the ball screw 1002 rotates clockwise; similarly, the transmission gear 1003 rotates counterclockwise as the ball screw 1002 rotates counterclockwise, and the secondary transmission gear 1004 rotates counterclockwise. Since the secondary transmission gear 1004 is connected with the screw 1007 through the third spring 1005 and the groove block 1006, when the secondary transmission gear 1004 rotates, the screw 1007 is driven to rotate synchronously with the secondary transmission gear 1004; when the screw 1007 rotates clockwise, the roller 1008 moves toward the center of the circle; when the screw 1007 turns counterclockwise, the roller 1008 moves away from the center of the circle. When the correction of one vertical rod is completed by the cooperation of the transmission gear 1003 and the secondary transmission gear 1004, the upper braking portion of the transmission gear 1003 is released, and the transmission gear 1003 continues to move upward or downward with the rotation of the ball screw 1002, correcting the next vertical rod.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. Three-dimensional direction disconnect-type hopkinson depression bar impact test equipment, including horizontal support (1), its characterized in that: the top of the horizontal support (1) is provided with an X-axis impact test assembly (2) and a Y-axis impact test assembly (3) which are perpendicular to each other, the impact test equipment also comprises a Z-axis impact test assembly (4) which is perpendicular to the X-axis impact test assembly (2) and the Y-axis impact test assembly (3), and the Z-axis impact test assembly (4) penetrates through the horizontal support (1);
the X-axis impact testing assembly (2) comprises an X-axis incidence rod (203) and an X-axis transmission rod (204) which are coaxially arranged, wherein one end of the X-axis incidence rod (203) far away from the sample (9) is provided with an X-axis energy storage impact rod (202) for applying impact load to the X-axis incidence rod (203), and one end of the X-axis transmission rod (204) far away from the sample (9) is provided with an X-axis preloading device (5) for providing axial prestress load for the sample (9) along the X-axis;
the Y-axis impact testing assembly (3) comprises a Y-axis incidence rod (303) and a Y-axis transmission rod (304) which are coaxially arranged, wherein one end of the Y-axis incidence rod (303) far away from the sample (9) is provided with a Y-axis energy storage impact rod (302) for applying impact load to the Y-axis incidence rod (303), and one end of the Y-axis transmission rod (304) far away from the sample (9) is provided with a Y-axis preloading device (6) for providing axial prestress load for the sample (9) along the Y-axis;
The Z-axis impact testing assembly (4) comprises a vertical support (401), a Z-axis incidence rod (402) and a Z-axis transmission rod (403) are coaxially arranged on the vertical support (401), one end, far away from the sample (9), of the Z-axis incidence rod (402) is provided with a Z-axis energy storage impact rod (405) for applying impact load to the Z-axis incidence rod (402), and one end, far away from the sample (9), of the Z-axis transmission rod (403) is provided with a Z-axis preloading device (8) for providing axial prestress load for the sample (9) along the Z axis;
the X-axis preloading device (5) comprises a preloading hydraulic pump (501), a plurality of second hydraulic telescopic arms (502) are connected to the preloading hydraulic pump (501), the ends of the second hydraulic telescopic arms (502) are connected with the same second workbench (503), and one side, close to the sample (9), of the second workbench (503) is connected with a preloading table (506) through a second spring (505);
The vertical support (401) is also provided with a vertical hydraulic lifting table (7) for adjusting the height of the Z-axis incidence rod (402) and eliminating the influence of gravity, and the Z-axis incidence rod (402) is connected with the vertical hydraulic lifting table (7);
The vertical hydraulic lifting platform (7) comprises a Z-axis hydraulic pump (701), a plurality of first hydraulic telescopic arms (702) are connected to the Z-axis hydraulic pump (701), the ends of the first hydraulic telescopic arms (702) are connected with the same first workbench (703), lifting platforms (704) are arranged above the first workbench (703) in parallel, the lifting platforms (704) are connected with the first workbench (703) through a plurality of groups of first springs (705), and the Z-axis incident rod (402) is fixedly connected with the lifting platforms (704).
2. The three-dimensional direction separation type hopkinson pressure bar impact test equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the X-axis preloading device (5), the Y-axis preloading device (6) and the Z-axis preloading device (8) are identical in structure.
3. The three-dimensional direction separation type hopkinson pressure bar impact test equipment according to claim 2, wherein: and a vertical calibration device (10) for correcting the vertical directions of the Z-axis incidence rod (402), the Z-axis transmission rod (403) and the Z-axis energy storage impact rod (405) is further arranged in the vertical support (401).
4. The three-dimensional direction separation type hopkinson pressure bar impact test equipment according to claim 3, wherein: the vertical support (401) comprises four upright posts (4011), the vertical calibration device (10) comprises ball screws (1002) rotatably arranged in each upright post (4011), each ball screw (1002) is connected with a transmission gear (1003) matched with each other, secondary transmission gears (1004) meshed with the transmission gears (1003) are arranged at different heights in each upright post (4011), and the installation heights of the different secondary transmission gears (1004) on the four upright posts (4011) are the same correspondingly; one side of the secondary transmission gear (1004) far away from the transmission gear (1003) is connected with a screw (1007) through a third spring (1005), and the end part of each screw (1007) is connected with a roller (1008).
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| CN202410060613.8A CN117848877B (en) | 2024-01-16 | 2024-01-16 | Three-dimensional direction separation type Hopkinson pressure bar impact test equipment |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998026274A1 (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 1998-06-18 | European Community | Split hopkinson bar testing apparatus |
| CN105716957A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-06-29 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Universal type true-triaxial static load pre-loading system for split Hopkinson pressure bar |
| CN109406312A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-01 | 深圳大学 | True triaxial Hopkinson bar solid dynamic damage and ultrasonic wave propagate test method |
| CN113504131A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-15 | 中国矿业大学 | Test system and test method for testing II-type dynamic fracture toughness of rock under different normal stresses |
-
2024
- 2024-01-16 CN CN202410060613.8A patent/CN117848877B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998026274A1 (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 1998-06-18 | European Community | Split hopkinson bar testing apparatus |
| CN105716957A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-06-29 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Universal type true-triaxial static load pre-loading system for split Hopkinson pressure bar |
| CN109406312A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-01 | 深圳大学 | True triaxial Hopkinson bar solid dynamic damage and ultrasonic wave propagate test method |
| CN113504131A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-15 | 中国矿业大学 | Test system and test method for testing II-type dynamic fracture toughness of rock under different normal stresses |
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