CN117847831A - Adiabatic demagnetization refrigerating system capable of running without vibration and refrigerating method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerating system capable of running without vibration, and particularly relates to the technical field of low-temperature refrigeration. The heat conduction is controlled by arranging the thermal switch between the heat insulation demagnetization module and the precooling module. The heat-insulating demagnetizing module keeps a normal refrigerating mode when the heat switch is closed, and the precooling refrigerator is stopped simultaneously by switching off the heat switch, so that the system can be switched to a vibration-free refrigerating mode, mechanical vibration and electromagnetic interference are greatly reduced, high-end application requirements are met, the system can be switched between two refrigerating modes while the traditional heat-insulating demagnetizing module structure is kept, and the whole system is simple in structure and strong in operability.

Description

Adiabatic demagnetization refrigerating system capable of running without vibration and refrigerating method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature refrigeration, in particular to an adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system capable of running without vibration and a refrigeration method.

Background

Along with the development of the front scientific fields of condensed state physics, space measurement, two technologies and the like, the demand of extremely low temperature refrigeration is increasing day by day, and the extremely low temperature refrigeration technology is usually a refrigeration technology which obtains a temperature lower than 1K and provides a certain amount of cold, and the extremely low temperature refrigeration technology commonly used at present mainly comprises adsorption refrigeration, dilution refrigeration and adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration.

ADR, namely adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration, is one of the earliest cryogenic refrigeration technologies, has the advantages of high efficiency, no dependence on gravity conditions, scarce resource helium 3 gas and the like, becomes the most potential cryogenic refrigeration technology in space application, and is refrigerated based on the magnetocaloric effect generated by paramagnetic materials along with the change of external magnetic fields, and basically comprises a magnetocaloric module, a magnet, a thermal switch, a heat sink and a cold head, wherein the ideal ADR performs reverse Carnot cycle between the heat sink temperature and the refrigeration temperature through isothermal magnetization, adiabatic demagnetization, isothermal demagnetization and adiabatic magnetization, the thermal switch between the heat sink and the magnetocaloric module is closed after the magnetocaloric module is magnetized to be higher than the heat sink temperature to a certain extent, and the magnetocaloric module performs isothermal magnetization to release magnetization heat to the heat sink until the upper limit of a target magnetic field is reached; the thermal switch between the heat sink and the magneto-thermal module is disconnected, the magneto-thermal module is subjected to adiabatic demagnetization and is cooled to the refrigerating temperature, and under the state of thermal load, the demagnetization rate is controlled, so that the magneto-thermal module performs isothermal demagnetization and generates cold energy to maintain the temperature of the thermal load constant; when the temperature of the magnetic field is reduced to the lower limit of the target magnetic field, the thermal switch is kept to be turned off, so that the magneto-thermal module is magnetized and regenerated under the adiabatic condition, and the steps are repeated after the temperature is increased to the temperature of the heat sink. However, in some practical applications, a strictly quiet very low temperature environment is required, for example, modern microscopes with spatial resolution of nanometer level or even picometer level are sensitive to external vibrations, and the compressor unit and cold head of the mechanical 4K refrigerator generate larger vibrations.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem that the refrigerating unit generates vibration during refrigeration, the invention provides an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerating system capable of running without vibration and a refrigerating method.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerating system capable of running without vibration, which comprises an adiabatic demagnetization module, a framework module and a precooling module, wherein:

the framework module comprises a secondary cold screen sleeved on the outer side of the heat insulation demagnetizing module;

the heat insulation demagnetization module comprises a magneto-thermal module, the bottom of the magneto-thermal module is connected with a load, and the magneto-thermal module is connected with a heat sink through a second thermal switch;

the upper side and the lower side of the magneto-caloric module are connected with a hanging structure, the outer edge of the hanging structure is fixed on the upper end face and the lower end face of the magnetic shielding, the magneto-caloric module is fixed in the middle of the annular superconducting magnet through the hanging structure, and the magneto-caloric module is not in contact with the superconducting magnet;

the heat insulation demagnetization module comprises a magnetic shielding part, and one side of the top of the magnetic shielding part is connected with the heat sink through a copper bar;

a first thermal switch is arranged on one side of the top of the heat sink, a second-stage cold plate is further arranged on the top of the second-stage cold screen, the second-stage cold plate is fixedly connected with the second-stage cold screen, the heat sink is connected with the second-stage cold plate through the first thermal switch, and the heat sink is fixed with the second-stage cold plate through a low heat conduction support column;

the precooling module is positioned at the top of the secondary cold disc and is connected with the secondary cold disc.

Further, the cold screen comprises a first-stage cold screen and a first-stage cold disk, wherein the first-stage cold screen is sleeved on the outer side of the second-stage cold screen, and the first-stage cold screen is fixedly connected with the first-stage cold disk.

Further, the bottom of the primary cold tray is fixedly connected with the top of the secondary cold tray through a low heat conduction support column.

Further, one side of the bottom of the primary cold disk is provided with a secondary cold head, one side of the top of the secondary cold head is connected with the primary cold disk, one side of the bottom of the secondary cold head is provided with a flexible connecting piece, and the bottom of the secondary cold head is fixedly connected with the secondary cold disk through the flexible connecting piece.

Further, the vacuum cover is sleeved on the outer side of the primary cold screen, and the vacuum cover is fixedly connected with the sealing disc.

Further, the bottom of the sealing disc is fixedly connected with the primary cold disc through a low heat conduction support column.

Further, the sealing disk bottom is also provided with a primary cold head, the primary cold head is positioned at one side of the sealing disk bottom close to the secondary cold head, the primary cold head top is connected with the sealing disk, and the primary cold head bottom is connected with the primary cold disk.

Further, the refrigerator further comprises a precooling refrigerator, the room temperature part of the precooling refrigerator is located on one side, close to the primary cold head, of the sealing disc, and the room temperature part of the precooling refrigerator is connected with the sealing disc.

Further, a damping corrugated pipe is arranged between the precooling refrigerator and the vacuum cover.

Further, a refrigeration method of the adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system capable of running without vibration comprises a normal refrigeration mode and a vibration-free refrigeration mode, wherein the normal refrigeration mode comprises the following steps of:

the precooling refrigerator is started to refrigerate, the first thermal switch and the second thermal switch are closed, and the heat-insulating demagnetizing module is precooled through the precooling module;

after pre-cooling to the temperature of the heat sink, the adiabatic demagnetization module operates, the magnetocaloric module is magnetized and cooled, after reaching the target magnetic field, the second thermal switch is opened, then adiabatic demagnetization, isothermal demagnetization refrigeration and adiabatic magnetization are performed, then the second thermal switch is closed, isothermal magnetization is performed, and periodic refrigeration is performed. In the mode, the precooling refrigerator always keeps an operation state, and the first thermal switch is always in a closed state and is in a normal refrigeration mode;

the vibration-free cooling mode comprises the following steps:

the precooling refrigerator is started to refrigerate, the first thermal switch and the second thermal switch are closed, and the heat-insulating demagnetizing module is precooled through the precooling module;

after the pre-cooling is performed to the temperature of the heat sink, the adiabatic demagnetization module operates, the magnetocaloric module is magnetized and cooled, the second thermal switch and the first thermal switch are disconnected after the magnetocaloric module reaches a target magnetic field, the pre-cooling refrigerator is stopped operating, the pre-cooling module and the adiabatic demagnetization module are in a heat transfer disconnection state, the magnetocaloric module performs adiabatic demagnetization and isothermal demagnetization refrigeration, the pre-cooling refrigerator is always in a stop operation state in the mode, and the first thermal switch is always in a disconnection state and is in a vibration-free refrigeration mode;

the precooling refrigerator is restarted to refrigerate, the first thermal switch and the second thermal switch are closed, the heat insulation demagnetizing module operates, the magnetocaloric module is magnetized and cooled, after the target magnetic field is reached, the second thermal switch and the first thermal switch are opened, meanwhile, the precooling refrigerator stops running, and a new vibration-free refrigeration mode is started.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system operable without vibration in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a conventional adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system;

in the figure, an adiabatic demagnetization module 1, a magnetocaloric module 11, a load 12, a second thermal switch 13, a heat sink 14, a suspension structure 15, a magnetic shielding 16, a superconducting magnet 17, a high heat conduction copper bar 18, a framework module 2, a secondary cold screen 21, a secondary cold tray 22, a primary cold tray 23, a primary cold screen 24, a vacuum cover 25, a sealing tray 26, a low heat conduction support column 27, a precooling module 3, a precooling refrigerator 31, a primary cold head 32, a secondary cold head 33, a flexible connecting piece 34 and a first thermal switch 4.

The realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the present invention are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly and completely describe the technical scheme of the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides an adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system capable of operating without vibration, which comprises an adiabatic demagnetization module 1, a frame module 2 and a precooling module 3, wherein:

the framework module 2 comprises a secondary cold screen 21 sleeved outside the adiabatic demagnetization module 1;

the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 comprises a magneto thermal module 11, wherein the bottom of the magneto thermal module 11 is connected with a load 12, and the magneto thermal module 11 is connected with a heat sink 14 through a second thermal switch 13.

The upper side and the lower side of the magneto-caloric module 11 are connected with a hanging structure 15, the outer edges of the hanging structure 15 are fixed on the upper end face and the lower end face of a magnetic shielding 16, the magneto-caloric module 11 is fixed in the middle of an annular superconducting magnet 17 through the hanging structure 15, and the magneto-caloric module 11 is not contacted with the superconducting magnet 17;

the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 comprises a magnetic shielding 16, and one side of the top of the magnetic shielding 16 is connected with the heat sink 14 through a high heat conduction copper bar 18;

a first thermal switch 4 is arranged on one side of the top of the heat sink 14, the secondary cold screen 21 is fixed with a secondary cold disk 22 on the top, the heat sink 14 is connected with the secondary cold disk 22 through the first thermal switch 4, and the heat sink 14 is fixed with the secondary cold disk 22 through a low heat conduction support column 27;

the precooling module 3 is positioned on the top of the secondary cooling plate 22 and is connected with the secondary cooling plate 22.

Specifically, the second thermal switch 13 and the first thermal switch 4 are used to control the heat transfer on and off. The precooling module 3 is used for refrigerating, the first thermal switch 4 and the second thermal switch 13 are closed, the heat-insulating demagnetization module 1 is precooled through the precooling module 3, when the precooling temperature reaches the required heat sink 14 temperature, the heat-insulating demagnetization module 1 is operated, the magnetic thermal module 11 is cooled while being magnetized, and the heat-insulating demagnetization process is carried out after the target magnetic field is reached.

In the normal cooling mode, the precooling refrigerator 31 remains in operation at all times and the first thermal switch 4 remains in the closed state at all times. In the adiabatic demagnetization process, when the temperature of the magneto-caloric module 11 is reduced to the refrigeration temperature, the second thermal switch 13 is kept to be opened, the isothermal demagnetization refrigeration process is carried out, a certain load 12 is applied, when isothermal demagnetization is carried out to zero magnetic field, the first refrigeration is finished, the second thermal switch 13 is kept to be opened, the adiabatic magnetization process is carried out, when the temperature of the magneto-caloric module 11 is increased to be slightly higher than the temperature of the heat sink 14, the second thermal switch 13 is closed, the magneto-caloric module 11 is subjected to isothermal magnetization, magnetization heat is generated, and the magnetization heat is released to the heat sink 14 through the second thermal switch 13; when the magnetocaloric module 11 is magnetized to the maximum magnetic field, a periodic refrigeration process is entered;

in some practical applications, a strictly quiet extremely low temperature environment is required, the pre-cooling refrigerator 31 needs to be stopped to perform vibration-free refrigeration, if a thermal switch is not arranged between the pre-cooling module 3 and the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 to connect, the pre-cooling module 3 can be a heat conductor because of a plurality of metal components contained in the pre-cooling module 3, and a great amount of heat leakage from a high temperature area causes the heat sink 14 to rapidly heat up, so that the superconducting magnet 17 cannot normally work due to quench, and therefore adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration cannot be performed;

according to the heat-insulating demagnetizing device, the first thermal switch 4 is added between the pre-cooling module 3 and the heat-insulating demagnetizing module 1 to be connected, the pre-cooling refrigerator 31 stops running, the first thermal switch 4 is disconnected, heat transfer between the pre-cooling module 3 and the heat-insulating demagnetizing module 1 is cut off, the heat-insulating demagnetizing module 1 can maintain the load 12 at the refrigerating temperature for a long time and provide a vibration-free environment, and meanwhile, high-power components such as a compressor and a rotary valve in the pre-cooling refrigerator stop running, so that electromagnetic interference is greatly reduced.

The precooling module 3 is used for refrigerating, the first thermal switch 4 and the second thermal switch 13 are closed, the heat-insulating demagnetizing module 1 is precooled through the precooling module 3, when the precooling temperature reaches the required temperature of the heat sink 14, the heat-insulating demagnetizing module 1 is operated, the magnetic thermal module 11 is magnetized and is cooled, and after the target magnetic field is reached, the vibration-free refrigerating mode is entered.

In the vibration-free operating mode, the precooling refrigerator 31 is always stopped and the first thermal switch 4 is always in the off state. When the magnetocaloric module 11 is cooled and magnetized to a target magnetic field, the second thermal switch 13 and the first thermal switch 4 are turned off, and the precooling refrigerator 31 stops running, and the precooling module 3 and the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 are in a heat transfer off state, so that the magnetocaloric module 11 performs adiabatic demagnetization; when the temperature of the magneto-caloric module 11 is reduced to the refrigerating temperature, the second thermal switch 13 is kept to be opened, the isothermal demagnetization refrigerating process is carried out, and vibration-free refrigerating is carried out on the load 12; when isothermal demagnetization is carried out until the magnetic field is zero, the precooling refrigerator 31 is restarted to refrigerate, the first thermal switch 4 and the second thermal switch 13 are closed, the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 operates, the magnetocaloric module 11 is magnetized and cooled, after the target magnetic field is reached, the second thermal switch 13 and the first thermal switch 4 are opened, meanwhile, the precooling refrigerator 31 stops operating, and a new round of vibration-free refrigeration mode is started.

In one embodiment, fig. 2 is a structural design of a conventional adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system, and the present application adds a first thermal switch 4 between the precooling module 3 and the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 to connect, so that the whole system has a simple structure and strong operability, meets stricter cryogenic refrigeration requirements, and simultaneously, the first thermal switch 4 and the second thermal switch 13 can also accelerate the cooling rate.

Further, the cooling system also comprises a primary cooling screen 24 and a primary cooling disk 23, wherein the primary cooling screen 24 is sleeved outside the secondary cooling screen 21, and the primary cooling screen 24 is fixedly connected with the primary cooling disk 23;

the bottom of the primary cold plate 23 is fixedly connected with the top of the secondary cold plate 22 through a low heat conduction support column 27;

the one side of the bottom of the first-stage cold disk 23 is provided with a second-stage cold head 33, one side of the top of the second-stage cold head 33 is fixedly connected with the first-stage cold disk 23, one side of the bottom of the second-stage cold head 33 is provided with a flexible connecting piece 34, and the bottom of the second-stage cold head 33 is connected with the second-stage cold disk 22 through the flexible connecting piece 34.

Specifically, the flexible connection piece 34 can reduce vibration, the flexible connection piece 34 adopts high-purity copper foil or copper braid, the second cold head bottom and the second cold plate 22 are in flexible thermal connection through the flexible connection piece 34, the first-stage cold plate 23 and the second cold plate 22 are made of oxygen-free high-purity copper, the surface of the second cold plate 22 is subjected to gold plating treatment, the thermal contact and oxidization prevention of 4K temperature area components are enhanced through the gold plating treatment, the first-stage cold plate 24 and the second cold plate 21 are made of surface polished aluminum, and a plurality of layers of heat insulation materials are wrapped to reduce radiation heat leakage, the low heat conduction support columns 27 support and connect the first-stage cold plate 23, the second-stage cold plate 22 and the heat sink 11, and the low heat conduction support columns 27 are supported by thin-wall stainless steel pipes.

Further, the vacuum cover 25 and the sealing disc 26 are further included, the vacuum cover 25 is sleeved on the outer side of the primary cold screen 24, and the vacuum cover 25 is fixedly connected with the sealing disc 26.

The bottom of the sealing disk 26 is fixedly connected with the primary cold disk 23 through the low heat conduction support column 4. The bottom of the sealing disk 26 is also provided with a primary cold head 32, the primary cold head 32 is positioned at one side of the bottom of the sealing disk 26 close to a secondary cold head 33, the top of the primary cold head 32 is connected with the sealing disk 26, and the bottom of the primary cold head 32 is connected with the primary cold disk 23.

Specifically, the support column 27 between the sealing plate 26 and the primary cooling plate 23 is made of a high-strength glass fiber material with low thermal conductivity, the vacuum cover 25 and the sealing plate 26 are sleeved outside the primary cooling plate 24, the vacuum cover 25 and the sealing plate 26 are used for isolating the outside and the primary cooling plate 24, heat transfer is reduced through vacuum treatment, and external heat energy is prevented from being transferred to the inner side of the vacuum cover 25.

Further, the cooling device further comprises a pre-cooling refrigerator 31, wherein a room temperature part of the pre-cooling refrigerator 31 is located at one side of the sealing disc, which is close to the primary cold head, and the room temperature part of the pre-cooling refrigerator is connected with the sealing disc.

A damping bellows is arranged between the precooling refrigerator 31 and the vacuum cover 25.

Specifically, the precooling refrigerator 31 is used for precooling, a two-stage G-M pulse tube precooling refrigerator 31 is used for providing cold energy, the vibration of the precooling refrigerator 31 can be reduced by the vibration reduction bellows, the cold energy transmitted by the precooling refrigerator 31 sequentially passes through the primary cold head 32, the primary cold disc 23, the secondary cold head 33, the flexible connecting piece 34 and the secondary cold disc 22, and finally is transmitted to the adiabatic demagnetization module through the first thermal switch 4.

Further, the method comprises a normal refrigeration mode and a vibration-free refrigeration mode, wherein the normal refrigeration mode comprises the following steps of:

the precooling refrigerator 31 is started to refrigerate, the first thermal switch 4 and the second thermal switch 13 are closed, and the heat-insulating demagnetizing module 1 is precooled through the precooling module 3;

after pre-cooling to the temperature of the heat sink 14, the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 operates, the magnetocaloric module 11 is magnetized and cooled, after reaching the target magnetic field, the second thermal switch 13 is opened, then adiabatic demagnetization, isothermal demagnetization refrigeration and adiabatic magnetization are performed, then the second thermal switch 13 is closed, isothermal magnetization is performed, and periodic refrigeration is performed. In the mode, the precooling refrigerator 31 always keeps in an operating state, and the first thermal switch 4 is always in a closed state and is in a normal refrigeration mode;

the vibration-free cooling mode comprises the following steps:

the precooling refrigerator 31 is started to refrigerate, the first thermal switch 4 and the second thermal switch 13 are closed, and the heat-insulating demagnetizing module 1 is precooled through the precooling module 3;

after the temperature of the heat sink 14 is pre-cooled, the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 operates, the magnetocaloric module 11 is magnetized and cooled, after the target magnetic field is reached, the second thermal switch 13 and the first thermal switch 4 are disconnected, the precooling refrigerator 31 stops operating, the precooling module 3 and the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 are in a heat transfer disconnection state, the magnetocaloric module 11 performs adiabatic demagnetization and isothermal demagnetization refrigeration, the precooling refrigerator 31 is always in a stop operation state in the mode, and the first thermal switch 4 is always in an disconnection state and is in a vibration-free refrigeration mode;

the precooling refrigerator 31 is restarted to refrigerate, the first thermal switch 4 and the second thermal switch 13 are closed, the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 operates, the magnetocaloric module 11 is magnetized and cooled, after reaching a target magnetic field, the second thermal switch 13 and the first thermal switch 4 are opened, meanwhile, the precooling refrigerator 31 stops operating, and a new round of vibration-free refrigeration mode is started.

Specifically, firstly, vacuumizing the vacuum cover 25 until the pressure is lower than 0.1Pa, starting the precooling refrigerator 31, closing the first thermal switch 4 and the second thermal switch 13, precooling the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 by the precooling module 3, cooling the primary cold head 32 to the vicinity of 30K, cooling the secondary cold head 33 to the vicinity of 4K, and precooling the adiabatic demagnetization module to the vicinity of 4K; the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 operates, the magnetocaloric module 11 is magnetized and cooled, and after reaching the target magnetic field, the adiabatic demagnetization process is performed.

In the normal cooling mode, the precooling refrigerator 31 remains in operation at all times and the first thermal switch 4 remains in the closed state at all times. In the adiabatic demagnetization process, when the temperature of the magneto-caloric module 11 is reduced to the refrigeration temperature, the second thermal switch 13 is kept to be opened, the isothermal demagnetization refrigeration process is carried out, a certain load 12 is applied, when isothermal demagnetization is carried out to zero magnetic field, the first refrigeration is finished, the second thermal switch 13 is kept to be opened, the adiabatic magnetization process is carried out, when the temperature of the magneto-caloric module 11 is increased to be slightly higher than the temperature of the heat sink 14, the second thermal switch 13 is closed, the magneto-caloric module 11 is subjected to isothermal magnetization, magnetization heat is generated, and the magnetization heat is released to the heat sink 14 through the second thermal switch 13; when the magnetocaloric module 11 is magnetized to the maximum magnetic field, a normal periodic refrigeration process is entered;

in the vibration-free operating mode, the precooling refrigerator 31 is always stopped and the first thermal switch 4 is always in the off state. When the magnetocaloric module 11 is cooled and magnetized to a target magnetic field, the second thermal switch 13 and the first thermal switch 4 are turned off, and the precooling refrigerator 31 stops running, and the precooling module 3 and the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 are in a heat transfer off state, so that the magnetocaloric module 11 performs adiabatic demagnetization; when the temperature of the magneto-caloric module 11 is reduced to the refrigerating temperature, the second thermal switch 13 is kept to be opened, the isothermal demagnetization refrigerating process is carried out, and vibration-free refrigerating is carried out on the load 12; when isothermal demagnetization is carried out until the magnetic field is zero, the precooling refrigerator 31 is restarted to refrigerate, the first thermal switch 4 and the second thermal switch 13 are closed, the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 operates, the magnetocaloric module 11 is magnetized and cooled, after the target magnetic field is reached, the second thermal switch 13 and the first thermal switch 4 are opened, meanwhile, the precooling refrigerator 31 stops operating, and a new round of vibration-free refrigeration mode is started.

In one embodiment, the type of the pre-cooling refrigerator and the refrigerating temperature range of the pre-cooling refrigerator can be selected according to actual conditions, the single-stage adiabatic demagnetization system can be provided with a plurality of stages of adiabatic demagnetization, a plurality of refrigerating temperatures and a plurality of heat sink temperatures according to actual requirements, the magnetocaloric material of the adiabatic demagnetization module 1 can be selected according to actual requirements, gadolinium gallium garnet can be gadolinium lithium fluoride and the like in the single-stage adiabatic demagnetization system, chromium potassium alum or iron ammonium alum and the like in the lower-temperature stage of the multi-stage adiabatic demagnetization system can be selected according to actual requirements, the first thermal switch 4 and the second thermal switch 13 in the application can be selected according to actual refrigerating requirements, such as an air gap type thermal switch, a superconductive thermal switch, a magneto resistive thermal switch, a mechanical thermal switch and the like, and other component material types of the invention can be selected according to actual conditions and requirements.

Of course, the present invention can be implemented in various other embodiments, and based on this embodiment, those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without any inventive effort, which fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An adiabatic demagnetization refrigerating system capable of running without vibration is characterized by comprising an adiabatic demagnetization module, a framework module and a precooling module, wherein:

the framework module comprises a secondary cold screen sleeved on the outer side of the heat insulation demagnetizing module;

the heat insulation demagnetization module comprises a magneto-thermal module, the bottom of the magneto-thermal module is connected with a load, and the magneto-thermal module is connected with a heat sink through a second thermal switch.

The upper side and the lower side of the magneto-caloric module are connected with a hanging structure, the outer edge of the hanging structure is fixed on the upper end face and the lower end face of the magnetic shielding, the magneto-caloric module is fixed in the middle of the annular superconducting magnet through the hanging structure, and the magneto-caloric module is not in contact with the superconducting magnet;

the heat insulation demagnetization module comprises a magnetic shielding part, and one side of the top of the magnetic shielding part is connected with the heat sink through a high heat conduction copper bar;

a first thermal switch is arranged on one side of the top of the heat sink, a second-stage cold plate is further arranged on the top of the second-stage cold screen, the second-stage cold plate is fixedly connected with the second-stage cold screen, the heat sink is connected with the second-stage cold plate through the first thermal switch, and the heat sink is fixed with the second-stage cold plate through a low heat conduction support column;

the precooling module is positioned at the top of the secondary cold disc and is connected with the secondary cold disc.

2. The vibration-free operation adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system of claim 1, further comprising a primary cold screen and a primary cold plate, wherein the primary cold screen is sleeved outside the secondary cold screen, and the primary cold screen is fixedly connected with the primary cold plate.

3. The vibration-free operable adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system of claim 2, wherein the primary cold disk bottom is fixedly connected to the secondary cold disk top by a low thermal conductivity support column.

4. The adiabatic demagnetization refrigerating system capable of running without vibration according to claim 3, wherein a secondary cold head is arranged on one side of the bottom of the primary cold disk, one side of the top of the secondary cold head is connected with the primary cold disk, a flexible connecting piece is arranged on one side of the bottom of the secondary cold head, and the bottom of the secondary cold head is fixedly connected with the secondary cold disk through the flexible connecting piece.

5. The vibration-free operable adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system of claim 4, further comprising a vacuum housing and a sealing disk, wherein the vacuum housing is sleeved outside the primary cold screen, and wherein the vacuum housing is fixedly connected with the sealing disk.

6. The vibration-free operable adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system of claim 5, wherein the seal disk bottom is fixedly connected to the primary cold disk via a low thermal conductivity support column.

7. The vibration-free operable adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system of claim 6, wherein the sealing disk bottom is further provided with a primary cold head, the primary cold head is located at one side of the sealing disk bottom close to the secondary cold head, the primary cold head top is connected with the sealing disk, and the primary cold head bottom is connected with the primary cold disk.

8. The vibration-free operable adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system of claim 7, further comprising a pre-chill refrigerator, a room temperature portion of the pre-chill refrigerator being located on a side of the sealing plate adjacent the primary coldhead, the room temperature portion of the pre-chill refrigerator being coupled to the sealing plate.

9. The vibration-free operable adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system of claim 8, wherein a shock absorbing bellows is provided between the pre-cooling refrigerator and the vacuum housing.

10. A method of cooling an adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration system operable without vibration according to claims 1-9 comprising a normal cooling mode and a vibration-free cooling mode, wherein the normal cooling mode comprises the steps of:

the precooling refrigerator is started to refrigerate, the first thermal switch and the second thermal switch are closed, and the heat-insulating demagnetizing module is precooled through the precooling module;

after pre-cooling to the temperature of the heat sink, the adiabatic demagnetization module operates, the magnetocaloric module is magnetized and cooled, after reaching the target magnetic field, the second thermal switch is opened, then adiabatic demagnetization, isothermal demagnetization refrigeration and adiabatic magnetization are performed, then the second thermal switch is closed, isothermal magnetization is performed, and periodic refrigeration is performed. In the mode, the precooling refrigerator always keeps an operation state, and the first thermal switch is always in a closed state and is in a normal refrigeration mode;

the vibration-free cooling mode comprises the following steps:

the precooling refrigerator is started to refrigerate, the first thermal switch and the second thermal switch are closed, and the heat-insulating demagnetizing module is precooled through the precooling module;

after the pre-cooling is performed to the temperature of the heat sink, the adiabatic demagnetization module operates, the magnetocaloric module is magnetized and cooled, the second thermal switch and the first thermal switch are disconnected after the magnetocaloric module reaches a target magnetic field, the pre-cooling refrigerator is stopped operating, the pre-cooling module and the adiabatic demagnetization module are in a heat transfer disconnection state, the magnetocaloric module performs adiabatic demagnetization and isothermal demagnetization refrigeration, the pre-cooling refrigerator is always in a stop operation state in the mode, and the first thermal switch is always in a disconnection state and is in a vibration-free refrigeration mode;

the precooling refrigerator is restarted to refrigerate, the first thermal switch and the second thermal switch are closed, the heat insulation demagnetizing module operates, the magnetocaloric module is magnetized and cooled, after the target magnetic field is reached, the second thermal switch and the first thermal switch are opened, meanwhile, the precooling refrigerator stops running, and a new vibration-free refrigeration mode is started.