CN117847543A - High-efficiency energy-saving organic waste gas incinerator structure - Google Patents
High-efficiency energy-saving organic waste gas incinerator structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN117847543A CN117847543A CN202310236176.6A CN202310236176A CN117847543A CN 117847543 A CN117847543 A CN 117847543A CN 202310236176 A CN202310236176 A CN 202310236176A CN 117847543 A CN117847543 A CN 117847543A
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 30
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000013651 non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency energy-saving organic waste gas incinerator structure, which comprises a furnace body and a heat exchange tube, wherein the furnace body comprises: the device comprises a combustion section, an exhaust gas preheating section, a waste heat recovery section and a tail gas cover, wherein the combustion section, the exhaust gas preheating section, the waste heat recovery section and the tail gas cover are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The invention has the advantages of shortening the preheating time of the waste gas incinerator, simultaneously reducing the heating energy consumption in the preheating stage and the normal operation stage, improving the safety of equipment, along with simple and compact structure, saving the construction cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an exhaust gas incinerator, in particular to a high-temperature incinerator for carrying out harmless treatment on organic exhaust gas and harmful flammable gas, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and the technical field of energy conservation.
Background
At present, high-temperature incineration technology is an effective means for thoroughly solving pollution at present, particularly harmful gases with certain components can be thoroughly decomposed by adopting very high temperature, in the waste gas high-temperature incineration equipment adopted by enterprises which are involved in organic waste gas emission at present, the most representative waste gas high-temperature incineration equipment comprises a regenerative waste gas incinerator (RTO) and a direct-fired waste gas incinerator (TO), for enterprises which work for single shifts or non-24 hours, the condition that the incinerator is closed every shift is existed, the cooled incinerator needs TO be preheated again before going TO work after the next shift and the fake shift, the RTO furnace and the TO furnace need TO be preheated TO quite high temperature TO introduce waste gas into the incinerator for treatment, otherwise, the tail gas emission is not up TO standard and easy TO cause explosion risk, the incinerator is preheated again after frequent cooling, a large amount of power or natural gas is consumed, the required preheating time is between 1 and 3 hours according TO the preheating time of the enterprises, the total consumed power consumption or the natural gas consumption is increased by 30% of the total energy consumption and the running cost.
The conventional RTO and TO waste gas incinerator consumes a great deal of time and energy consumption due TO the fact that structures such as the bottom, the side walls and the top of a hearth and the inner walls of a hot gas flow channel are provided with a great deal of refractory materials, the refractory materials are mainly refractory bricks, and the furnace body preheating speed is slow due TO the fact that the refractory materials absorb a great deal of heat in the preheating process. On the other hand, the temperature distribution of the horizontal airflow area in the furnace is generally high and low, the preheating time of the lower area is longer, the uneven temperature field can cause the increase of energy consumption and the insufficient combustion of waste gas in the low temperature area, so that the exhaust emission does not reach the standard.
The waste gas pyrolysis furnace designed by the China patent (patent number: 202220624359.6) is characterized in that the defects of the technology include: 1. the hearth and the heat exchange tube are arranged in two independent sections, a large amount of refractory materials are adopted in the two sections, and the refractory materials absorb a large amount of heat in the preheating process, so that the preheating energy consumption is greatly increased; 2. in the structure, the temperature in the furnace can be high and low in the running process, and the lower area is easy to lead the waste gas pyrolysis to be insufficient and lead the tail gas emission to be not up to the standard due to the lower temperature, or lead the furnace temperature to be integrally improved and lead the energy consumption to be increased for considering the temperature below the furnace body; 3. the exhaust gas enters from a single side, so that the flow of the exhaust gas in the heat exchanger is asymmetric and deviated to one side, and the heat exchange efficiency is reduced, so that the energy consumption is increased.
In many types of waste gas incineration equipment including RTO and TO, cavities or channels which are not directly related TO main functions exist, the cavities or channels are only used as space transition structures between functional modules, such as connecting channels between a combustion chamber and a heat storage module of the RTO furnace, partial area flow guiding channels of the TO furnace and transition cavities between two or more heat exchange modules, the cost is increased in manufacturing the cavity structures, materials of the cavity structures absorb heat in a preheating stage TO increase the preheating time and energy consumption, and the size and the surface area of a furnace body are increased due TO the existence of the cavity channels, so that the probability of heat dissipation of the furnace body is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an efficient and energy-saving organic waste gas incinerator structure, which can shorten the preheating time of the waste gas incinerator, reduce the heating energy consumption in the preheating stage and the normal operation stage, improve the safety of equipment, and has the advantages of simple and compact structure and construction cost saving.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by a high-efficiency and energy-saving organic waste gas incinerator structure, which is characterized by comprising: a furnace body and a heat exchange tube;
the furnace body includes: the device comprises a combustion section, an exhaust gas preheating section, a waste heat recovery section and an exhaust hood; the combustion section, the waste gas preheating section, the waste heat recovery section and the tail gas hood are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the combustion section is hollow, a first refractory material layer, a first heat insulation layer and a first metal shell are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the combustion section from inside to outside, a first refractory material layer, a first heat insulation layer and a steel plate are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the combustion section from inside to outside, a plurality of refractory support rods which are horizontally arranged are arranged in a space at the lower part of the combustion section, gaps are reserved among the refractory support rods, and a heater is arranged below the refractory support rods and in the space which is positioned in the combustion section; the exhaust gas preheating section is hollow, the side wall of the exhaust gas preheating section is sequentially provided with a second metal inner wall, a second heat insulation layer and a second metal shell from inside to outside, the upper part of the exhaust gas preheating section is provided with two or more exhaust gas inlets, all the exhaust gas inlets are uniformly distributed at equal intervals, and the air inlet diversion directions of all the exhaust gas inlets are deviated to the same side, so that the exhaust gas enters the furnace body to form a downward rotating airflow; the waste heat recovery section is hollow, a third metal inner wall, a third heat insulation layer and a third metal shell are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the waste heat recovery section from inside to outside, a fresh air inlet and a hot air outlet are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the waste heat recovery section, a first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate which is horizontally arranged is arranged on the upper part of the waste heat recovery section, and a second heat exchange tube mounting pore plate which is horizontally arranged is arranged between the waste heat recovery section and the waste gas preheating section; the tail gas cover is arranged above the waste heat recovery section, and a tail gas outlet is arranged on the tail gas cover;
the heat exchange tubes are vertically arranged, gaps are reserved among the heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange tubes respectively penetrate through the first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate and the second heat exchange tube mounting pore plate, the upper end openings of the heat exchange tubes are exposed out of the first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate and are located in the tail gas hood, the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are supported by the fire-resistant supporting rods, gaps among the adjacent fire-resistant supporting rods are smaller than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes, the lower end openings of the heat exchange tubes are communicated with the gaps among the longitudinal fire-resistant supporting rods, and the vertical projection of the heat exchange tubes completely falls into the projection surface of the inner cavity of the combustion section.
In the technical scheme, the heat exchange tube is made of inorganic materials with fire resistance and excellent heat exchange performance.
In the technical scheme, the refractory support rod is a lath or a round rod or a round tube made of silicon carbide or corundum ceramic material.
In the technical scheme, the sections of the combustion section, the waste gas preheating section, the waste heat recovery section and the tail gas hood are round or polygonal.
In the technical scheme, the combustion section, the waste gas preheating section, the waste heat recovery section and the tail gas hood are sequentially and tightly connected.
In this technical solution, the heater is an electric heater or a gas burner.
In the technical scheme, a gap between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube and the hole walls of the first heat exchange tube mounting hole plate and the second heat exchange tube mounting hole plate is sealed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: 1. the inner cavity of the combustion section is used as a combustion area of the hearth and a heat exchange area of the high-temperature section of the heat exchange pipe, and the two sections share the same section, so that the use quantity of refractory materials can be greatly reduced, the heat absorption quantity of the refractory materials in the preheating process of the hearth can be greatly reduced, and the preheating time and the energy consumption can be reduced. The whole furnace body is internally provided with any cavity and air duct which are used as transition between the functional modules, so that the volume and the surface area of the furnace body are reduced, the structure is compact, the heat absorption of structural materials and the heat dissipation of the surface of the furnace body can be reduced to save energy, and the construction cost is reduced; 2. the waste gas in the combustion section can simultaneously obtain double functions of heat exchange and combustion, particularly, the waste gas which enters the tube side flow passage after partial incomplete combustion and decomposition is thoroughly decomposed at high temperature in the combustion section in the high-temperature environment where the hot air rises, so that the combustion time of the waste gas is prolonged, the pyrolysis of the waste gas is more efficient and sufficient, and the emission of the tail gas is ensured to reach the standard; 3. the refractory support rod which can still keep high structural strength at high temperature can support the heat exchange tube, and on the other hand, the silicon carbide or corundum ceramic adopted by the refractory support rod has good thermal conductivity and high thermal radiation, so that a more stable and uniform temperature field can be formed in the space of the same layer in the combustion section, and the waste gas pyrolysis is ensured to be more sufficient; 4. the two or more exhaust gas inlets are adopted, the exhaust gas inlets are uniformly distributed, the exhaust gas enters the inlets with symmetrical sides from the inlets, the air flow distribution is more uniform, the flow guiding directions of the multiple exhaust gas inlets are biased to enable the entering exhaust gas to form a rotary downward air flow in the furnace body, so that the turbulence intensity is improved, the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, the energy saving is realized, the problem of the flow asymmetry of the exhaust gas formed by the single side exhaust gas inlets in the incinerator is avoided, and the heat exchange efficiency of the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas is higher and the energy saving is realized. 5. The exhaust gas inlet is arranged above the exhaust gas preheating section, and based on the rule that hot gas flows upwards, an external exhaust gas pipeline is connected into the furnace from bottom to top, so that high-temperature gas in the furnace can be prevented from flowing back to damage devices such as a fan and the like through the exhaust gas pipeline, and the risk of tempering of the exhaust gas pipeline due to accidental ignition at the exhaust gas inlet is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the structure of the present invention after half-section;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of an exhaust preheating section according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a heat exchange tube mounting orifice plate of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main structure of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of an exhaust preheating section according to example 2 of the present invention.
Description of the embodiments
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings. The description of these embodiments is provided to assist understanding of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention, not to require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, it is an organic waste gas incinerator structure with high efficiency and energy saving, comprising:
a furnace body and a heat exchange tube 5;
the furnace body includes: the device comprises a combustion section 1, an exhaust gas preheating section 2, a waste heat recovery section 3 and a tail gas hood 4; the combustion section 1, the waste gas preheating section 2, the waste heat recovery section 3 and the tail gas hood 4 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the combustion section 1 is hollow, a first refractory material layer 11, a first heat insulation layer 12 and a first metal shell 13 are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the combustion section 1 from inside to outside, a first refractory material layer 11, a first heat insulation layer 12 and a steel plate 14 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the combustion section 1 from inside to outside, a plurality of refractory support rods 15 horizontally arranged are arranged in the space at the lower part of the combustion section 1, gaps 16 are reserved among the refractory support rods 15, and a heater 17 is arranged below the refractory support rods 15 and in the space of the combustion section 1; the exhaust gas preheating section 2 is hollow, the side wall of the exhaust gas preheating section 2 is sequentially provided with a second metal inner wall 21, a second heat insulation layer 22 and a second metal shell 23 from inside to outside, the upper part of the exhaust gas preheating section 2 is provided with two or more exhaust gas inlets 24, all the exhaust gas inlets 24 are uniformly distributed at equal intervals, and the air inlet diversion directions of all the exhaust gas inlets 24 are biased to the same side, so that the exhaust gas enters the furnace body to form a downward rotating airflow; the waste heat recovery section 3 is hollow, a third metal inner wall 31, a third heat insulation layer 32 and a third metal shell 33 are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the waste heat recovery section 3 from inside to outside, a fresh air inlet 34 and a hot air outlet 35 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the waste heat recovery section 3, a first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate 36 which is horizontally arranged is arranged on the upper part of the waste heat recovery section 3, and a second heat exchange tube mounting pore plate 37 which is horizontally arranged is arranged between the waste heat recovery section 3 and the waste gas preheating section 2; the tail gas cover 4 is arranged above the waste heat recovery section, and a tail gas outlet 41 is arranged on the tail gas cover 4;
the heat exchange tubes 5 are vertically arranged, gaps 51 are reserved among the heat exchange tubes 5, the heat exchange tubes 5 respectively penetrate through the first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate 36 and the second heat exchange tube mounting pore plate 37, the upper end openings of the heat exchange tubes 5 expose out of the first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate 36 and are located in the tail gas hood 4, the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes 5 are supported by the fire-resistant supporting rods 15, gaps 16 between adjacent fire-resistant supporting rods 15 are smaller than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes 5, the lower end openings of the heat exchange tubes 5 are communicated with the gaps 16 between the longitudinal fire-resistant supporting rods 15, and the vertical projection of the heat exchange tubes 5 completely falls into the projection surface of the inner cavity of the combustion section 1.
In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 5 is made of an inorganic material having fire resistance and simultaneously having excellent heat exchange performance.
In this embodiment, the refractory support rod 15 is a slab or a round rod or a round tube made of silicon carbide.
In this embodiment, the sections of the combustion section 1, the exhaust gas preheating section 2, the waste heat recovery section 3 and the tail gas hood 4 are circular.
In this embodiment, the combustion section 1, the exhaust gas preheating section 2, the waste heat recovery section 3 and the tail gas hood 4 are sequentially and tightly connected.
In this embodiment, the heater 16 is an electric heater.
In the present embodiment, the gap between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 5 and the walls of the first heat exchange tube mounting hole plate 36 and the second heat exchange tube mounting hole plate 37 is sealed.
In this embodiment, two exhaust gas inlets 24 are disposed above and around the exhaust gas preheating section 2, and the exhaust gas inlets 24 can receive the exhaust gas inputted from the external pipe, flow downwards through the gaps 51 between the heat exchange pipes 5 and the gaps 16 between the refractory support rods 15, enter from the lower ports of the heat exchange pipes 5, flow upwards, and flow out from the exhaust gas outlet 41 of the exhaust hood 4;
in this embodiment, the waste heat recovery section 3 is hollow and includes, from inside to outside, a metal inner wall 31, a heat insulation layer 32 and a metal outer shell 33, two opposite sides of the waste heat recovery section 3 are respectively provided with a fresh air inlet 34 and a hot air outlet 35, and external air can flow through the gaps 51 between the heat exchange tubes 5 after entering from the fresh air inlet 34 through the driving of an external fan and then flows out from the hot air outlet 35.
When the combustion section 1 works, the combustion section has the function of a hearth, the bottom and the inner layer are the refractory material layers 11, the combustion section has the adaptive structural strength and can bear the high temperature of more than 1100 ℃, the middle interlayer adopts ceramic fiber cotton or rock cotton as the heat insulation layer 12, the heat transfer is reduced by utilizing the good heat insulation performance, and the outer surface adopts a metal plate as the protection function and the supporting function of the shell; the space at the lowest part of the combustion section 1 is provided with an electric heating rod which is used for preheating the incinerator before working, and supplementing heat to maintain enough pyrolysis temperature when the electric heating rod is used for incinerating waste gas with insufficient heat value in the working process; the refractory support rod 15 is arranged above the electric heating rod, which can support the heat exchange tube 5 on one hand, and on the other hand, because the silicon carbide has good heat conductivity and high heat radiation, the space of the same layer inside the combustion section 1 can form a more stable and uniform temperature field, so that the pyrolysis of the waste gas is ensured to be more sufficient, which is one innovative technology in the embodiment.
Exhaust preheating section: the function of the waste gas preheating section 2 is to utilize the high temperature flue gas after the waste gas combustion to carry out heat exchange with the entering waste gas so as to improve the basic temperature of the waste gas, the problem of high energy consumption that a great amount of heat needs to be supplemented when the self combustion value of the waste gas is low and high temperature pyrolysis is carried out can be solved, the working temperature of the waste gas preheating section 2 is generally within 600 ℃, refractory bricks can not be adopted for avoiding the increase of the heat absorption capacity of the inner layer in the section structure, the requirement can be met by adopting a heat-resistant stainless steel material, and meanwhile, the middle interlayer adopts ceramic fiber cotton or rock cotton as the heat insulation layer 22, the heat transfer is reduced by utilizing the good heat insulation performance of the middle interlayer, the outer surface adopts a metal plate as the shell protection effect and the supporting effect, as shown in fig. 3, two waste gas inlets 24 which are in 180 degrees are arranged around the upper part of the gas preheating section 2, the waste gas enters the incinerator from the two inlets, the two inlets which are symmetrical to each other, the air flow distribution is more uniform, when the diversion directions of the two waste gas inlets are deviated to the right side of the horizontal direction, the waste gas entering from the two waste gas inlets forms a anticlockwise rotating downward air flow in the inlet, and the air flow, the air flow which rotates downwards in the inlet, and the air flow which is equivalent to the heat exchanger 38improves the effect of the heat exchange efficiency of the waste gas, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the heat exchange efficiency is avoided by the heat exchange case, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the heat exchange efficiency is formed by the heat exchange efficiency, and the heat is improved, and the heat efficiency is formed by the heat case, and the heat has the heat flow and the heat has the low heat efficiency and the heat flow and the heat efficiency is formed and the heat. In the aspect of safety, because the two waste gas inlets are arranged above the waste gas preheating section, based on the rule that hot gas flows upwards, an external waste gas pipeline is connected into the furnace from bottom to top, so that high-temperature gas in the furnace can be prevented from flowing backwards through the waste gas pipeline and returning to damage devices such as fans and the like, and the waste gas treatment device also comprises the risk that when waste gas containing grease, paint mist, tar volatile and other impurities is treated, the impurities with viscosity are adhered to the periphery of the waste gas inlets, the impurities are easy to ignite when the waste gas inlet is contacted with high temperature in the furnace, and when combustion occurs near the waste gas inlet, the waste gas inlet is positioned at the high position of the waste gas inlet pipe, so that the risk of pipeline tempering caused by downward flow of flame or high-temperature flue gas can be avoided.
Waste heat recovery section: the waste heat recovery section 3 has the functions of further recovering the heat of the flue gas before emission, realizing waste heat utilization, reducing the temperature of the exhaust gas, being beneficial to the environment, the working temperature of the waste heat recovery section 3 is generally within 300 ℃, the inner layer in the section structure can not adopt refractory bricks to avoid the increase of heat absorption, the requirements can be met by adopting common stainless steel materials, the middle interlayer adopts ceramic fiber cotton or rock cotton as a heat insulation layer, the heat transfer is reduced by utilizing the good heat insulation performance of the heat insulation layer, and the outer surface adopts a metal plate as the protection effect and the supporting effect of the shell. In addition, the two opposite sides of the waste heat recovery section are respectively provided with a fresh air inlet 34 and a hot air outlet 35, external air can enter from the fresh air inlet 34 through the drive of an external fan and then flow out from the hot air outlet 35 after flowing through a gap 51 between the heat exchange pipes 5, and the obtained hot air can be used for occasions such as drying or desorption.
Exhaust hood: the purpose of the tail hood 4 is to collect the last out-flowing flue gas and to discharge it through a tail gas outlet 41 or a connection stack.
Heat exchange tube mounting hole plate: the function of heat exchange tube mounting orifice plate plays sealed isolation effect, can keep apart the gas in different spaces each other, and the heat exchange tube mounting orifice plate can adopt corrosion resistant plate to make, and first heat exchange tube mounting orifice plate 36 and second heat exchange tube mounting orifice plate 37 can be respectively to the flue gas in the heat exchange tube, new trend and waste gas three mutual isolation, prevent that hot-blast by seepage mixed flue gas and waste gas pollution to prevent that tail gas from being mixed by seepage unclean treatment's waste gas pollution leads to emission not up to standard. After the heat exchange tube 5 is inserted, the gap between the outer wall and the hole wall of the heat exchange tube is sealed by adopting a temperature-resistant material so as to prevent air leakage.
Heat exchange tube: the heat exchange tube 5 has the functions of exchanging heat between the exhaust gas in the gap between the tubes and the high-temperature flue gas flowing in the tubes in the combustion section 1 and the exhaust gas heat exchange section 2 so as to realize energy conservation, the heat exchange tube 5 exchanges heat between fresh air flowing outside the tubes and the exhaust gas with waste heat flowing in the tubes in the waste heat recovery section 4 so as to realize energy conservation, as part of the heat exchange tube sections are arranged in the combustion section 1 equivalent to a hearth, the inner cavity of the combustion section 1 is simultaneously used as a combustion area of the hearth and a heat exchange area of the high-temperature section of the heat exchange tube 5, the two sections share the same section, the use quantity of refractory bricks can be greatly reduced, the heat absorption quantity of the refractory bricks in the preheating process of the hearth is greatly reduced, the preheating time and the energy consumption are reduced, the seamless butt joint is realized between all links including heating, combustion, exhaust gas preheating and waste heat recovery until exhaust gas emission, and cavities and passages with no transition property are formed, the heat absorption quantity and heat dissipation quantity are reduced.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, the organic waste gas incinerator structure is efficient and energy-saving, and comprises:
a furnace body and a heat exchange tube 5;
the furnace body includes: the device comprises a combustion section 1, an exhaust gas preheating section 2, a waste heat recovery section 3 and a tail gas hood 4; the combustion section 1, the waste gas preheating section 2, the waste heat recovery section 3 and the tail gas hood 4 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the combustion section 1 is hollow, a first refractory material layer 11, a first heat insulation layer 12 and a first metal shell 13 are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the combustion section 1 from inside to outside, a first refractory material layer 11, a first heat insulation layer 12 and a steel plate 14 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the combustion section 1 from inside to outside, a plurality of refractory support rods 15 horizontally arranged are arranged in the space at the lower part of the combustion section 1, gaps 16 are reserved among the refractory support rods 15, and a heater 17 is arranged below the refractory support rods 15 and in the space of the combustion section 1; the exhaust gas preheating section 2 is hollow, the side wall of the exhaust gas preheating section 2 is sequentially provided with a second metal inner wall 21, a second heat insulation layer 22 and a second metal shell 23 from inside to outside, the upper part of the exhaust gas preheating section 2 is provided with three exhaust gas inlets 24, all the exhaust gas inlets 24 are uniformly distributed at equal intervals, and the air inlet diversion directions of all the exhaust gas inlets 24 are deviated to the left side as shown in fig. 6, so that the exhaust gas enters the furnace body to form clockwise rotation downward air flow; the waste heat recovery section 3 is hollow, a third metal inner wall 31, a third heat insulation layer 32 and a third metal shell 33 are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the waste heat recovery section 3 from inside to outside, a fresh air inlet 34 and a hot air outlet 35 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the waste heat recovery section 3, a first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate 36 which is horizontally arranged is arranged on the upper part of the waste heat recovery section 3, and a second heat exchange tube mounting pore plate 37 which is horizontally arranged is arranged between the waste heat recovery section 3 and the waste gas preheating section 2; the tail gas cover 4 is arranged above the waste heat recovery section, and a tail gas outlet 41 is arranged on the tail gas cover 4;
the heat exchange tubes 5 are vertically arranged, gaps 51 are reserved among the heat exchange tubes 5, the heat exchange tubes 5 respectively penetrate through the first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate 36 and the second heat exchange tube mounting pore plate 37, the upper end openings of the heat exchange tubes 5 expose out of the first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate 36 and are located in the tail gas hood 4, the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes 5 are supported by the fire-resistant supporting rods 15, gaps 16 between adjacent fire-resistant supporting rods 15 are smaller than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes 5, the lower end openings of the heat exchange tubes 5 are communicated with the gaps 16 between the longitudinal fire-resistant supporting rods 15, and the vertical projection of the heat exchange tubes 5 completely falls into the projection surface of the inner cavity of the combustion section 1.
In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 5 is made of an inorganic material having fire resistance and simultaneously having excellent heat exchange performance.
In this embodiment, the refractory support rod 15 is a lath or a round rod or a round tube made of corundum ceramic material.
In this embodiment, the sections of the combustion section 1, the exhaust gas preheating section 2, the waste heat recovery section 3 and the tail gas hood 4 are hexagonal.
In this embodiment, the combustion section 1, the exhaust gas preheating section 2, the waste heat recovery section 3 and the tail gas hood 4 are sequentially and tightly connected.
In the present embodiment, the heater 16 is a gas burner.
In the present embodiment, the gap between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 5 and the walls of the first heat exchange tube mounting hole plate 36 and the second heat exchange tube mounting hole plate 37 is sealed.
In this embodiment, two exhaust gas inlets 24 are disposed above and around the exhaust gas preheating section 2, and the exhaust gas inlets 24 can receive the exhaust gas inputted from the external pipe, flow downward through the gaps 51 between the heat exchange pipes 5 and the gaps 16 between the refractory support rods 15, enter from the lower ports of the heat exchange pipes 5, flow upward, and flow out from the exhaust gas outlet 41 of the exhaust hood 4.
In this embodiment, the waste heat recovery section 3 is hollow and includes, from inside to outside, a metal inner wall 31, a heat insulation layer 32 and a metal outer shell 33, two opposite sides of the waste heat recovery section 3 are respectively provided with a fresh air inlet 34 and a hot air outlet 35, and external air can flow through the gaps 51 between the heat exchange tubes 5 after entering from the fresh air inlet 34 through the driving of an external fan and then flows out from the hot air outlet 35.
In this embodiment, the exhaust gas inlet 24 may be an exhaust gas pipe to which each exhaust gas inlet is independently connected, or may be a different port of the same general exhaust gas pipe, and the general exhaust gas pipe may be a straight pipe or a circular pipe.
Example 2 is suitable for larger model product designs, using gas burners, allowing greater heating power and reduced electrical loads. The heat exchange tube adopts quartz with higher temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance; the shell and the inner cavity in the overlook structure adopt hexagons, so that the structure with larger size is easy to process; as shown in fig. 6, three exhaust gas inlets 24 which are mutually in a 120-degree position relationship are arranged above and around the exhaust gas preheating section 2, the exhaust gas enters the incinerator for treatment from the inlets, the exhaust gas enters the incinerator from the inlets at three evenly distributed positions, the gas flow distribution is more uniform, and a downward rotation exhaust gas flow path is also formed; the refractory support rod is made of corundum ceramic material, and also has high temperature resistance and good structural strength.
According to different models, different working conditions and different application occasions of the product, the parameter range of the heat exchange tube is selected:
the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube is 20-50mm, the total length of the heat exchange tube is 3-10 m, the duty ratio of the total cross section of the outer circle of the tube in the furnace chamber of all the heat exchange tubes is 25-50%, the length of the heat exchange tube 3 in the waste heat recovery section 3 accounts for 15-30% of the total length of the heat exchange tube, and the space clearance of the heater is 300-900mm.
The refractory material used in the invention can be refractory bricks, refractory ceramic plates or refractory profiles.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made hereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An efficient energy-saving organic waste gas incinerator structure, characterized by comprising: a furnace body and a heat exchange tube (5);
the furnace body includes: the device comprises a combustion section (1), an exhaust gas preheating section (2), a waste heat recovery section (3) and an exhaust gas cover (4); the device comprises a combustion section (1), an exhaust gas preheating section (2), a waste heat recovery section (3) and an exhaust gas cover (4), wherein the combustion section (1) is hollow, a first refractory material layer (11), a first heat insulation layer (12) and a first metal shell (13) are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the combustion section (1) from inside to outside, a first refractory material layer (11), a first heat insulation layer (12) and a steel plate (14) are sequentially arranged on the bottom of the combustion section (1) from inside to outside, a plurality of refractory support rods (15) which are horizontally arranged are arranged in the space at the lower part of the combustion section (1), a gap (16) is reserved between each refractory support rod (15), and a heater (17) is arranged below the refractory support rods (15) and in the space of the combustion section (1); the exhaust gas preheating section (2) is hollow, the side wall of the exhaust gas preheating section (2) is sequentially provided with a second metal inner wall (21), a second heat insulation layer (22) and a second metal shell (23) from inside to outside, two or more exhaust gas inlets (24) are arranged at the upper part of the exhaust gas preheating section (2), all the exhaust gas inlets (24) are uniformly distributed at equal intervals, and the air inlet diversion directions of all the exhaust gas inlets (24) are deviated to the same side, so that the exhaust gas enters the furnace body to form a downward rotating airflow; the waste heat recovery section (3) is hollow, a third metal inner wall (31), a third heat insulation layer (32) and a third metal shell (33) are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the waste heat recovery section (3) from inside to outside, a fresh air inlet (34) and a hot air outlet (35) are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the waste heat recovery section (3), a first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate (36) which is horizontally arranged is arranged on the upper part of the waste heat recovery section (3), and a second heat exchange tube mounting pore plate (37) which is horizontally arranged is arranged between the waste heat recovery section (3) and the waste gas preheating section (2); the tail gas cover 4 is arranged above the waste heat recovery section, and a tail gas outlet (41) is arranged on the tail gas cover (4);
the heat exchange tubes (5) are vertically arranged, gaps (51) are reserved among the heat exchange tubes (5), the heat exchange tubes (5) respectively penetrate through the first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate (36) and the second heat exchange tube mounting pore plate (37), the upper end openings of the heat exchange tubes (5) are exposed out of the first heat exchange tube mounting pore plate (36) and are located in the tail gas hood (4), the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes (5) are supported by the fire-resistant supporting rods (15), gaps (16) between adjacent fire-resistant supporting rods (15) are smaller than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes (5), the lower end openings of the heat exchange tubes (5) are communicated with the gaps (16) between the fire-resistant supporting rods (15), and the vertical projection of the heat exchange tubes (5) completely falls into the projection surface of the inner cavity of the combustion section (1).
2. An energy efficient organic waste gas incinerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchange tube (5) is made of inorganic material with fire resistance and at the same time excellent heat exchange properties.
3. An organic waste gas incinerator structure with high efficiency and energy saving according to claim 1, characterized in that the refractory support rod (15) is a lath or a round bar or a round tube made of silicon carbide or corundum ceramic material.
4. The efficient and energy-saving organic waste gas incinerator structure according to claim 1, wherein the sections of the combustion section (1), the waste gas preheating section (2), the waste heat recovery section (3) and the tail gas hood (4) are circular or polygonal.
5. The efficient and energy-saving organic waste gas incinerator structure according to claim 1, wherein the combustion section (1), the waste gas preheating section (2), the waste heat recovery section (3) and the tail gas hood (4) are sequentially and tightly connected.
6. An energy efficient organic waste gas incinerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the heater (16) is an electric heater or a gas burner.
7. An organic waste gas incinerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the gap between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (5) and the walls of the first heat exchange tube mounting orifice (36) and the second heat exchange tube mounting orifice (37) is sealed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310236176.6A CN117847543A (en) | 2023-03-13 | 2023-03-13 | High-efficiency energy-saving organic waste gas incinerator structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310236176.6A CN117847543A (en) | 2023-03-13 | 2023-03-13 | High-efficiency energy-saving organic waste gas incinerator structure |
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| CN202310236176.6A Pending CN117847543A (en) | 2023-03-13 | 2023-03-13 | High-efficiency energy-saving organic waste gas incinerator structure |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117847543A (en) |
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- 2023-03-13 CN CN202310236176.6A patent/CN117847543A/en active Pending
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