CN117843354A - Fuse ceramic shell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fuse ceramic shell and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117843354A CN117843354A CN202311695924.3A CN202311695924A CN117843354A CN 117843354 A CN117843354 A CN 117843354A CN 202311695924 A CN202311695924 A CN 202311695924A CN 117843354 A CN117843354 A CN 117843354A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004841 bisphenol A epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012257 stirred material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021418 black silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005467 ceramic manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/14—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63448—Polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63452—Polyepoxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/4578—Coating or impregnating of green ceramics or unset concrete
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/165—Casings
- H01H85/17—Casings characterised by the casing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
- C04B2235/3225—Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
- C04B2235/3817—Carbides
- C04B2235/3826—Silicon carbides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fuse shell production, in particular to a fuse ceramic shell which is composed of the following materials in parts by weight: 250-750 parts of waste ceramic blocks, 100-300 parts of yttrium oxide powder, 100-320 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 120-420 parts of paraffin wax, 20-220 parts of silicon carbide powder, 10-120 parts of deoxidizer, 1-90 parts of carbonizing agent, 20-70 parts of stabilizer, 10-50 parts of methacrylic acid, 20-60 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 200-600 parts of water. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the ceramic shell of the fuse. According to the ceramic powder, the recycled ceramic product is crushed and ground to be made into ceramic powder, the ceramic powder is added with the ceramic strength enhancing additive, the service life of the ceramic is greatly prolonged, the occurrence of cracks is reduced, the outer surface of the ceramic shell is soaked with the composite of methacrylic acid and bisphenol A epoxy resin, the corrosion resistance can be enhanced, the shell is protected, and the ceramic manufacturing process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuse housing production, and particularly relates to a fuse ceramic shell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fuse is an electric appliance which fuses a melt by heat generated by the fuse when the current exceeds a specified value and opens a circuit, and the fuse fuses the melt by heat generated by the fuse after the current exceeds the specified value for a period of time so as to open the circuit; the fuse is widely applied to high-low voltage distribution systems, control systems and electric equipment, is one of the most common protection devices, is provided with a ceramic shell for protection at the outermost end, has high strength for resisting cracks caused by dropping, is usually brittle, can generate crack conditions after long service time, and is complex and inconvenient in ceramic material process for preparing the shell.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a ceramic shell of a fuse and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the ceramic shell of the fuse consists of the following materials in parts by weight: 250-750 parts of waste ceramic blocks, 100-300 parts of yttrium oxide powder, 100-320 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 120-420 parts of paraffin wax, 20-220 parts of silicon carbide powder, 10-120 parts of deoxidizer, 1-90 parts of carbonizing agent, 20-70 parts of stabilizer, 10-50 parts of methacrylic acid, 20-60 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 200-600 parts of water.
Preferentially, the ceramic shell of the fuse is specifically composed of the following materials in parts by weight: 700 parts of waste ceramic blocks, 200 parts of yttrium oxide powder, 120 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 205 parts of paraffin wax, 120 parts of silicon carbide powder, 80 parts of deoxidizer, 25 parts of carbonizing agent, 55 parts of stabilizer, 25 parts of methacrylic acid, 35 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 500 parts of water.
Preferentially, the waste ceramic blocks are one or more of waste vases, waste tableware, waste sculptures and waste medical appliances, and the yttrium oxide powder is one of nano yttrium oxide and micro yttrium oxide, and the proportion of the waste ceramic blocks to the yttrium oxide powder is 7:2;
the waste ceramic blocks are recovered from the garbage recovery center, so that the cost is greatly reduced.
Preferentially, the magnesia powder is one of active magnesia, high-purity magnesia and nano magnesia, the paraffin is one of liquid paraffin, solid paraffin and microcrystalline wax, the paraffin is prepared by adopting a distillation method, the crude oil is subjected to a fractional distillation and a distillation process to separate paraffin raw materials with different boiling points, the raw materials are subjected to refining and decoloring treatment to prepare the paraffin, and the ratio of the magnesia powder to the paraffin is 2.4:4.1;
adding a small amount of yttrium oxide and magnesium oxide powder into raw materials of ceramics, and firing the mixture at high temperature to prepare the ceramics, wherein two kinds of crystals are generated: when the ceramic is acted by external force, the tetragonal crystal becomes a monoclinic crystal, and the volume of the tetragonal crystal rapidly expands, so that the expansion of fine cracks originally existing in the ceramic can be prevented due to the rapid increase of the volume of the crystal, and the ceramic is ensured not to be broken.
Preferably, the silicon carbide powder is one of black silicon carbide powder and green silicon carbide powder, the deoxidizing agent is an inorganic matrix deoxidizing agent, the ratio of the silicon carbide powder to the deoxidizing agent is 3:2, the carbonizing agent is one of pure calcium carbonate, natural quartz sand, phosphate and aluminate, and the stabilizing agent is one of lead stabilizing agent and organotin stabilizing agent.
The preparation method of the ceramic shell of the fuse comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, preparing the following materials in parts by weight: 700 parts of waste ceramic blocks, 200 parts of yttrium oxide powder, 120 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 205 parts of paraffin, 120 parts of silicon carbide powder, 80 parts of deoxidizer, 25 parts of carbonizing agent, 55 parts of stabilizer, 25 parts of methacrylic acid, 35 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 500 parts of water;
s2, cleaning and wiping the outer surface of the waste ceramic block, wiping impurity particles on the outer surface, drying, and drying moisture on the outer surface;
s3, crushing the waste ceramic blocks, placing the crushed ceramic blocks in a crusher to crush the ceramic blocks into small blocks, and performing coarse grinding, fine grinding, screening and drying treatment on the crushed small blocks of waste ceramic to obtain ceramic powder;
s4, pouring ceramic powder, yttrium oxide powder, magnesium oxide powder and paraffin into a stirring cylinder for stirring treatment, pouring a proper amount of water, and preparing the powder into slurry;
s5, continuously adding a deoxidizer, a carbonizing agent and a stabilizing agent into the ceramic during stirring, and uniformly stirring to increase the properties of the ceramic;
s6, pouring the stirred materials into a mold, sending the mold into a dryer for drying treatment, and evaporating redundant water;
s7, feeding the die into a sintering machine for sintering treatment, and after sintering, demolding the die;
s8, mixing methacrylic acid and bisphenol A epoxy resin to synthesize vinyl resin, placing the demolded ceramic shell in a hot and humid environment, dripping high-concentration sulfuric acid solution on the outer surface of the ceramic shell, waiting for the outer surface to be corroded to form pits, soaking the ceramic shell with the pits in the synthesized vinyl resin, enabling the vinyl resin to be attached to the outer surface of the ceramic shell, and taking out to continue sintering;
s9, taking out the sintered ceramic shell, polishing the outer surface, and removing the flaw part;
s10, detecting the quality of the prepared ceramic shell.
Methacrylic acid and bisphenol A epoxy resin can form a copolymer, the copolymer has excellent performance, methacrylic acid is an important unsaturated carboxylic acid, has higher chemical activity, can react with various compounds, and can react with epoxy groups in the reaction of bisphenol A epoxy resin to generate a copolymer with a cross-linked structure;
bisphenol A epoxy resin is an important epoxy resin, is prepared by reacting bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, and has higher adhesiveness, heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance;
the high-concentration sulfuric acid solution drops are dripped on the outer surface of the ceramic shell, the silicon dioxide is corroded to form smaller holes, and the vinyl resin can be better adhered to the outer surface of the ceramic shell after the outer surface of the ceramic shell is soaked in the vinyl resin.
Preferentially, in the step S3, the granularity of the discharged material of the crusher is 50-100mm, and the power is 30kw;
coarse grinding, namely, performing preliminary grinding through a coarse grinding machine, crushing ceramic blocks into large particles, wherein the rotating speed of a millstone of the coarse grinding machine is 1400rpm, and the diameter of the millstone is 550mm;
fine grinding, namely placing the coarsely ground large particles into a fine grinding machine for fine grinding so as to gradually become small particles;
screening, namely screening small-particle ceramic powder by a vibrating screen to remove larger particles and impurities.
Preferably, in the step S4, the stirring time of the stirring barrel is 3 hours, the stirring barrel is stirred by the internal stirring fan blades, and the rotation speed of the stirring fan blades is 30r/min.
Preferably, in the step S5, after stirring the mixture in the stirring cylinder for 20min, adding a deoxidizer into the stirring cylinder, after stirring the mixture in the stirring cylinder for 30min, adding a carbonizing agent into the stirring cylinder, after stirring the mixture in the stirring cylinder for 50min, adding a stabilizing agent into the stirring cylinder until the mixture is uniformly stirred.
Preferably, in the step S6, the temperature inside the dryer is 70 ℃ and the drying time is 5min;
s7, feeding the die into a sintering machine, igniting fine coke through an ignition furnace, and exhausting air through an air exhaust windmill to complete sintering;
and S8, soaking for 40 seconds, wherein the humidity value in the environment is 80%, the temperature in the environment is 30 ℃, the main proportion of the inside of the ceramic shell is silicon dioxide, and the reaction equation of the high-concentration sulfuric acid solution and the silicon dioxide of the main proportion of the inside of the ceramic shell is as follows:
SiO_2(s)+2H_2SO_4(aq)+7H_2O(l)→2Si(OH)_4(aq)+8H_3O^+(aq)
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the recycled ceramic product is crushed and ground to prepare ceramic powder, the ceramic powder is added with the ceramic strength enhancing additive, the service life of the ceramic is greatly prolonged, the occurrence of cracks is reduced, the composite of methacrylic acid and bisphenol A epoxy resin is soaked in the outer surface of the ceramic shell, the corrosion resistance can be enhanced, the shell is protected, the ceramic manufacturing process is reduced, the preparation steps are reduced, and the better use prospect is brought.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the steps for preparing a ceramic housing for a fuse of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the ceramic shell of the fuse comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, preparing the following materials in parts by weight: 700 parts of waste ceramic blocks, 200 parts of yttrium oxide powder, 120 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 205 parts of paraffin, 120 parts of silicon carbide powder, 80 parts of deoxidizer, 25 parts of carbonizing agent, 55 parts of stabilizer, 25 parts of methacrylic acid, 35 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 500 parts of water;
s2, cleaning and wiping the outer surface of the waste ceramic block, wiping impurity particles on the outer surface, drying, and drying moisture on the outer surface;
s3, crushing the waste ceramic blocks, placing the crushed ceramic blocks in a crusher to crush the ceramic blocks into small blocks, and performing coarse grinding, fine grinding, screening and drying treatment on the crushed small blocks of waste ceramic to obtain ceramic powder;
s4, pouring ceramic powder, yttrium oxide powder, magnesium oxide powder and paraffin into a stirring cylinder for stirring treatment, pouring a proper amount of water, and preparing the powder into slurry;
s5, continuously adding a deoxidizer, a carbonizing agent and a stabilizing agent into the ceramic during stirring, and uniformly stirring to increase the properties of the ceramic;
s6, pouring the stirred materials into a mold, sending the mold into a dryer for drying treatment, and evaporating redundant water;
s7, feeding the die into a sintering machine for sintering treatment, and after sintering, demolding the die;
s8, mixing methacrylic acid and bisphenol A epoxy resin to synthesize vinyl resin, placing the demolded ceramic shell in a hot and humid environment, dripping high-concentration sulfuric acid solution on the outer surface of the ceramic shell, waiting for the outer surface to be corroded to form pits, soaking the ceramic shell with the pits in the synthesized vinyl resin, enabling the vinyl resin to be attached to the outer surface of the ceramic shell, and taking out to continue sintering;
s9, taking out the sintered ceramic shell, polishing the outer surface, and removing the flaw part;
s10, detecting the quality of the prepared ceramic shell.
Example 2
The preparation method of the ceramic shell of the fuse comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, preparing the following materials in parts by weight: 600 parts of waste ceramic blocks, 250 parts of yttrium oxide powder, 120 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 125 parts of paraffin, 212 parts of silicon carbide powder, 15 parts of deoxidizer, 58 parts of carbonizing agent, 52 parts of stabilizer, 20 parts of methacrylic acid, 35 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 200 parts of water;
s2, cleaning and wiping the outer surface of the waste ceramic block, wiping impurity particles on the outer surface, drying, and drying moisture on the outer surface;
s3, crushing the waste ceramic blocks, placing the crushed ceramic blocks in a crusher to crush the ceramic blocks into small blocks, and performing coarse grinding, fine grinding, screening and drying treatment on the crushed small blocks of waste ceramic to obtain ceramic powder;
s4, pouring ceramic powder, yttrium oxide powder, magnesium oxide powder and paraffin into a stirring cylinder for stirring treatment, pouring a proper amount of water, and preparing the powder into slurry;
s5, continuously adding a deoxidizer, a carbonizing agent and a stabilizing agent into the ceramic during stirring, and uniformly stirring to increase the properties of the ceramic;
s6, pouring the stirred materials into a mold, sending the mold into a dryer for drying treatment, and evaporating redundant water;
s7, feeding the die into a sintering machine for sintering treatment, and after sintering, demolding the die;
s8, mixing methacrylic acid and bisphenol A epoxy resin to synthesize vinyl resin, placing the demolded ceramic shell in a hot and humid environment, dripping high-concentration sulfuric acid solution on the outer surface of the ceramic shell, waiting for the outer surface to be corroded to form pits, soaking the ceramic shell with the pits in the synthesized vinyl resin, enabling the vinyl resin to be attached to the outer surface of the ceramic shell, and taking out to continue sintering;
s9, taking out the sintered ceramic shell, polishing the outer surface, and removing the flaw part;
s10, detecting the quality of the prepared ceramic shell.
Example 3
The preparation method of the ceramic shell of the fuse comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, preparing the following materials in parts by weight: 285 parts of waste ceramic blocks, 125 parts of yttrium oxide powder, 251 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 356 parts of paraffin wax, 56 parts of silicon carbide powder, 85 parts of deoxidizer, 25 parts of carbonizing agent, 48 parts of stabilizer, 25 parts of methacrylic acid, 35 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 300 parts of water;
s2, cleaning and wiping the outer surface of the waste ceramic block, wiping impurity particles on the outer surface, drying, and drying moisture on the outer surface;
s3, crushing the waste ceramic blocks, placing the crushed ceramic blocks in a crusher to crush the ceramic blocks into small blocks, and performing coarse grinding, fine grinding, screening and drying treatment on the crushed small blocks of waste ceramic to obtain ceramic powder;
s4, pouring ceramic powder, yttrium oxide powder, magnesium oxide powder and paraffin into a stirring cylinder for stirring treatment, pouring a proper amount of water, and preparing the powder into slurry;
s5, continuously adding a deoxidizer, a carbonizing agent and a stabilizing agent into the ceramic during stirring, and uniformly stirring to increase the properties of the ceramic;
s6, pouring the stirred materials into a mold, sending the mold into a dryer for drying treatment, and evaporating redundant water;
s7, feeding the die into a sintering machine for sintering treatment, and after sintering, demolding the die;
s8, mixing methacrylic acid and bisphenol A epoxy resin to synthesize vinyl resin, placing the demolded ceramic shell in a hot and humid environment, dripping high-concentration sulfuric acid solution on the outer surface of the ceramic shell, waiting for the outer surface to be corroded to form pits, soaking the ceramic shell with the pits in the synthesized vinyl resin, enabling the vinyl resin to be attached to the outer surface of the ceramic shell, and taking out to continue sintering;
s9, taking out the sintered ceramic shell, polishing the outer surface, and removing the flaw part;
s10, detecting the quality of the prepared ceramic shell.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the ceramic shell of the fuse comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, preparing the following materials in parts by weight: 700 parts of ceramic powder, 120 parts of silicon carbide powder, 80 parts of deoxidizer and 500 parts of water;
s2, pouring ceramic powder and silicon carbide powder into a stirring cylinder for stirring treatment, pouring a proper amount of water, and preparing the powder into slurry;
s3, continuously adding deoxidizing agent into the ceramic during stirring, and uniformly stirring to increase the properties of the ceramic;
s4, pouring the stirred materials into a mold, and sending the mold into a dryer for drying treatment, and evaporating excessive water;
s5, feeding the die into a sintering machine for sintering treatment, and after sintering, demolding the die;
s6, taking out the sintered ceramic shell, polishing the outer surface, and removing the flaw part;
and S7, detecting the quality of the prepared ceramic shell.
The following table shows the performance of ceramic shells prepared in various examples and comparative examples
Intensity detection
This is one of the indicators that measure the tensile strength and durability of ceramic tiles, determining sample size and shape: ceramic samples are typically of standard size and shape;
the common standard is GB/T3810.5-2016 part 5 of refractory physical and mechanical Property test method: tensile properties;
clamping a sample on stretching equipment, adopting the stretching equipment to perform a test, adjusting the equipment according to the size and the shape of the sample, applying a load and recording data;
the breaking modulus of the test specimen, which is the ratio of the deformation to the load of the material before the maximum carrying capacity is reached, is calculated.
Corrosion resistance detection
Preparing a sample, selecting a representative sample, and performing cleaning and drying treatment;
selecting an acid, a base and a salt, and preparing an etching solution with a certain concentration;
placing a sample into an etching solution, maintaining a certain temperature and time, and recording the quality change condition in the test process;
and calculating and evaluating the corrosion resistance according to the recorded data.
Wear resistance detection
The ceramic shells prepared in the examples and the comparative examples are selected as samples, and the outer surfaces of the samples are cleaned in advance and wiped clean;
using a wear testing machine to test, placing a sample in the wear testing machine, setting parameters of the machine, performing wear testing on the sample, and recording relevant experimental data;
selecting a second group of prepared samples, and carrying out repeated experiments to improve the accuracy of the experiments;
and analyzing the experimental data to obtain a conclusion.
The embodiment 1 described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but various changes, namely, simple, equivalent changes and modifications can be made in the above embodiments according to the claims and the content of the specification of the present application, all falling within the scope of the claims of the present application, and the invention is not fully described in the conventional technical content.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The ceramic shell of the fuse is characterized by comprising the following materials in parts by weight: 250-750 parts of waste ceramic blocks, 100-300 parts of yttrium oxide powder, 100-320 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 120-420 parts of paraffin wax, 20-220 parts of silicon carbide powder, 10-120 parts of deoxidizer, 1-90 parts of carbonizing agent, 20-70 parts of stabilizer, 10-50 parts of methacrylic acid, 20-60 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 200-600 parts of water.
2. The fuse ceramic housing of claim 1, wherein: the ceramic shell of the fuse is specifically composed of the following materials in parts by weight: 700 parts of waste ceramic blocks, 200 parts of yttrium oxide powder, 120 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 205 parts of paraffin wax, 120 parts of silicon carbide powder, 80 parts of deoxidizer, 25 parts of carbonizing agent, 55 parts of stabilizer, 25 parts of methacrylic acid, 35 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 500 parts of water.
3. The fuse ceramic housing of claim 1, wherein: the waste ceramic block is one or more of a waste vase, waste tableware, waste sculpture and waste medical equipment, the yttrium oxide powder is one of nano yttrium oxide and micro yttrium oxide, and the proportion of the waste ceramic block to the yttrium oxide powder is 7:2.
4. The fuse ceramic housing of claim 1, wherein: the magnesium oxide powder is one of active magnesium oxide, high-purity magnesium oxide and nano magnesium oxide, the paraffin is one of liquid paraffin, solid paraffin and microcrystalline wax, the paraffin is prepared by adopting a distillation method, the crude oil is subjected to a fractionation and distillation process to separate paraffin raw materials with different boiling points, the raw materials are subjected to refining and decoloring treatment, and the ratio of the magnesium oxide powder to the paraffin is 2.4:4.1.
5. The fuse ceramic housing of claim 1, wherein: the silicon carbide powder is one of black silicon carbide powder and green silicon carbide powder, the deoxidizing agent is an inorganic matrix deoxidizing agent, the ratio of the silicon carbide powder to the deoxidizing agent is 3:2, the carbonizing agent is one of pure calcium carbonate, natural quartz sand, phosphate and aluminate, and the stabilizing agent is one of lead stabilizing agent and organic tin stabilizing agent.
6. The preparation method of the ceramic shell of the fuse is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing the following materials in parts by weight: 700 parts of waste ceramic blocks, 200 parts of yttrium oxide powder, 120 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 205 parts of paraffin, 120 parts of silicon carbide powder, 80 parts of deoxidizer, 25 parts of carbonizing agent, 55 parts of stabilizer, 25 parts of methacrylic acid, 35 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin and 500 parts of water;
s2, cleaning and wiping the outer surface of the waste ceramic block, wiping impurity particles on the outer surface, drying, and drying moisture on the outer surface;
s3, crushing the waste ceramic blocks, placing the crushed ceramic blocks in a crusher to crush the ceramic blocks into small blocks, and performing coarse grinding, fine grinding, screening and drying treatment on the crushed small blocks of waste ceramic to obtain ceramic powder;
s4, pouring ceramic powder, yttrium oxide powder, magnesium oxide powder and paraffin into a stirring cylinder for stirring treatment, pouring a proper amount of water, and preparing the powder into slurry;
s5, continuously adding a deoxidizer, a carbonizing agent and a stabilizing agent into the ceramic during stirring, and uniformly stirring to increase the properties of the ceramic;
s6, pouring the stirred materials into a mold, sending the mold into a dryer for drying treatment, and evaporating redundant water;
s7, feeding the die into a sintering machine for sintering treatment, and after sintering, demolding the die;
s8, mixing methacrylic acid and bisphenol A epoxy resin to synthesize vinyl resin, placing the demolded ceramic shell in a hot and humid environment, dripping high-concentration sulfuric acid solution on the outer surface of the ceramic shell, waiting for the outer surface to be corroded to form pits, soaking the ceramic shell with the pits in the synthesized vinyl resin, enabling the vinyl resin to be attached to the outer surface of the ceramic shell, and taking out to continue sintering;
s9, taking out the sintered ceramic shell, polishing the outer surface, and removing the flaw part;
s10, detecting the quality of the prepared ceramic shell.
7. The method of manufacturing a ceramic housing for a fuse of claim 6, wherein: s3, the granularity of the discharged materials of the crusher in the step of S3 is 50-100mm, and the power is 30kw;
coarse grinding, namely, performing preliminary grinding through a coarse grinding machine, crushing ceramic blocks into large particles, wherein the rotating speed of a millstone of the coarse grinding machine is 1400rpm, and the diameter of the millstone is 550mm;
fine grinding, namely placing the coarsely ground large particles into a fine grinding machine for fine grinding so as to gradually become small particles;
screening, namely screening small-particle ceramic powder by a vibrating screen to remove larger particles and impurities.
8. The method of manufacturing a ceramic housing for a fuse of claim 6, wherein: and S4, stirring the stirring cylinder for 3 hours, wherein the stirring cylinder is stirred by the internal stirring fan blades, and the rotation speed of the stirring fan blades is 30r/min.
9. The method of manufacturing a ceramic housing for a fuse of claim 6, wherein: and S5, adding a deoxidizer into the stirring barrel after stirring the stirring barrel for 20min, adding a carbonizing agent into the stirring barrel after stirring the stirring barrel for 30min, and adding a stabilizing agent into the stirring barrel after stirring the stirring barrel for 50min until stirring is uniform.
10. The method of manufacturing a ceramic housing for a fuse of claim 6, wherein:
s6, the temperature inside the dryer is 70 ℃ and the drying time is 5min;
s7, feeding the die into a sintering machine, igniting fine coke through an ignition furnace, and exhausting air through an air exhaust windmill to complete sintering;
and S8, soaking for 40 seconds, wherein the humidity value in the environment is 80%, the temperature in the environment is 30 ℃, the main proportion of the inside of the ceramic shell is silicon dioxide, and the reaction equation of the high-concentration sulfuric acid solution and the silicon dioxide of the main proportion of the inside of the ceramic shell is as follows:
SiO_2(s)+2H_2SO_4(aq)+7H_2O(l)→2Si(OH)_4(aq)+8H_3O^+(aq)。
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| US6299799B1 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2001-10-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Ceramer compositions and antistatic abrasion resistant ceramers made therefrom |
| CN1996536A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2007-07-11 | 邓昱 | A surface paste fuse of nano carborundum-alumina porcelain base and its making method |
| CN103964823A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-08-06 | 冷水江市佳晨电子陶瓷有限责任公司 | Novel 95 ceramic discharge tube and preparation technology thereof |
| CN209093102U (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-07-12 | 徐光� | A kind of desulfurizing tower inner support beam reinforcing complex abrasion-proof ceramics |
| CN113800895A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-17 | 萍乡市金刚科技工业园有限公司 | Wear-resistant zirconium-aluminum composite ball and preparation method thereof |
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2023
- 2023-12-12 CN CN202311695924.3A patent/CN117843354A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6299799B1 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2001-10-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Ceramer compositions and antistatic abrasion resistant ceramers made therefrom |
| CN1996536A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2007-07-11 | 邓昱 | A surface paste fuse of nano carborundum-alumina porcelain base and its making method |
| CN103964823A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-08-06 | 冷水江市佳晨电子陶瓷有限责任公司 | Novel 95 ceramic discharge tube and preparation technology thereof |
| CN209093102U (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-07-12 | 徐光� | A kind of desulfurizing tower inner support beam reinforcing complex abrasion-proof ceramics |
| CN113800895A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-17 | 萍乡市金刚科技工业园有限公司 | Wear-resistant zirconium-aluminum composite ball and preparation method thereof |
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