CN117843205A - Treatment method for biological desiccation of dewatered sludge - Google Patents
Treatment method for biological desiccation of dewatered sludge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating dewatered sludge biological desiccation, which comprises the steps of adding exogenous additives mainly comprising one biochemical component of protein, lipid, cellulose and hemicellulose or organic solid waste rich in one organic component into a dewatered sludge biological desiccation pile body to promote enrichment of thermophilic microorganisms and strengthen degradation of organic matters in pile body materials, thereby improving metabolism heat production of microorganisms, prolonging the high temperature period of the pile body and finally providing more sufficient power for water removal. The method can also realize the efficient synergistic treatment of the dewatered sludge and other organic solid wastes, and has good environmental benefit and economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental engineering, in particular to a method for biologically drying dewatered sludge.
Background
Dewatered sludge is an inevitable byproduct in the sewage treatment process, and the yield of the dewatered sludge in 2022 is as high as 6850 ten thousand tons (calculated by the water content of 80%) according to urban construction statistics annual inspection of the construction department of housing and urban and rural construction. The sludge is rich in organic matters, heavy metals, pathogenic microorganisms and other harmful substances, and secondary pollution can be caused to the environment due to improper treatment. Common treatment modes include landfill, aerobic composting, anaerobic digestion and the like, wherein the landfill treatment occupies excessive space, and the generated percolate can pollute soil and groundwater; the starting or running period of the biological treatment modes such as aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion is long, the volume reduction and decrement effects are not obvious, and biogas residues generated by anaerobic digestion still need to be further dehydrated.
In recent years, incineration disposal has attracted attention because it has an obvious effect of reducing the volume and the amount of energy and is capable of recovering energy. The dewatered sludge has high water content, and on one hand, unstable combustion is easy to cause by direct incineration, potential safety hazard is caused, and on the other hand, a large amount of fuel is required to be consumed for auxiliary combustion, so that economic cost is high. Therefore, the deep dehydration or desiccation of the sludge is an essential link before incineration treatment. The biological desiccation is a technology for removing water by utilizing metabolic heat generated by organic matters in organic solid waste to evaporate water in a pile body and simultaneously enhancing ventilation to bring water vapor out of the pile body under aerobic conditions by microorganisms, and is realized by using Jenell and the like initially [1] It was proposed in 1984 and used for cow dung drying. The technology fully utilizes the easily degradable organic matters in the organic solid waste, and stabilizes the organic solid waste while realizing the removal of water. Because the process does not need exogenous heat energy, the method has the advantages of low investment, low energy consumption and the like, and is an ideal way for realizing sludge recycling.
Biological desiccationIs a microorganism-dominant technological process, and the key to improving the biological drying efficiency is to optimize technological parameters influencing the metabolic activity of microorganisms, and the method comprises the following two steps: firstly, the initial water content, the porosity, the granularity, the turning frequency in the process and the like of the biological drying material are changed, so that the activity of microorganisms and the contact between the microorganisms and organic matters can be effectively influenced, and the water removal efficiency of the material is influenced; and secondly, a proper conditioner is selected or other types of organic solid waste are added into the biological drying pile body to condition biochemical components of the material, so that the occurrence form of water in the material and the heat production quantity of microorganism metabolism are influenced, and the biological drying energy efficiency is influenced. Such as Ma et al [2] Kitchen waste is added into the dewatered sludge biological drying pile body, so that the easily degradable organic matters in the pile body are improved, and the biological drying efficiency is obviously improved. Hao et al [3] The coffee grounds rich in the easily degradable organic matters are used as the conditioner, so that the water content of the biological desiccation product of the dehydrated sludge is greatly reduced, and the low-level heat value of the product is improved. Therefore, the easily degradable organic matter can improve the metabolic heat output of the system, thereby obviously affecting the biological drying efficiency.
The calorific value of different types of organic matter, such as carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, is 17.4, 23.4 and 39.9MJ/kg, respectively, and thus the yield of metabolic heat depends largely on the biochemical composition of the organic matter. In addition, whether the organic matter can be activated and adapted quickly and the microorganisms in the stack directly influence the metabolic heat release rate, thereby influencing the temperature rise rate of the stack. Therefore, the biodegradability of organic matters in the dewatered sludge biological drying pile body is improved, and the optimization of the biochemical components of the organic matters in the pile body is beneficial to improving the biological drying efficiency. In the process of the biological drying treatment of the dewatered sludge and other organic solid wastes, the provided microorganisms are dominant, so that the microorganisms of the dewatered sludge can be activated and adapted quickly, and simultaneously, the organic components with higher heat value or the organic solid wastes rich in the components can play a role in promoting the biological drying of the dewatered sludge.
Prior art literature
[1]Jewell,W.J.,Dondero,N.C.,VanSoest,P.J.,Cummings,R.J.,Vergara,W.,and Linkenheil,R.J.High Temperature Stabilization and Moisture Removal from Animal Wastes for By-product Recovery.USDA Final Report,1984.
[2]Ma J,Zhang L,Li A.Energy-efficient co-biodrying of dewatered sludge and food waste:Synergistic enhancement and variables investigation[J].Waste management,2016,56:411-422.
[3]Hao Z,Yang B,Jahng D.Spent coffee ground as a new bulking agent for accelerated biodrying of dewatered sludge[J].Water research,2018,138:250-263.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment method for biological desiccation of dewatered sludge. The invention improves the biological drying efficiency of the dehydrated sludge by utilizing a matrix conditioning mode, improves the treatment efficiency of the dehydrated sludge, and realizes the cooperative treatment of the sludge and other organic solid wastes.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a method for treating dewatered sludge by biological drying comprises the following specific steps:
s1, uniformly mixing dehydrated sludge and a conditioner to obtain a biological drying material;
s2, adding an exogenous additive into the biological desiccation material obtained in the step S1 to obtain a mixed material;
s3, injecting the mixed material obtained in the step S2 into a biological drying reactor to form a pile body, introducing air into the biological drying reactor, turning the pile regularly and measuring the temperature of the pile body until the temperature of the pile body is not increased to 10 ℃ higher than the average room temperature within 12 hours after turning the pile body, and ending biological drying of the dewatered sludge.
Further, in the step S1, the mass ratio of the dewatered sludge to the conditioner is (5-2): 1.
further, in the step S1, the dehydrated sludge is obtained from sludge generated by municipal sewage treatment plants or light industry, and the dehydrated sludge is obtained after precipitation concentration and mechanical dehydration in sequence, wherein the water content of the dehydrated sludge is 80-92%.
The light industry is selected from any one or more of food factories, breweries, sugar factories, monosodium glutamate factories and biological pharmaceutical factories.
Further, in the step S1, the conditioning agent is selected from any one or more of coffee grounds, corncobs, wheat husks or rice straws, and the water content of the conditioning agent is less than 10%.
Further, in the step S1, the water content of the biological drying material is 60-74%.
Further, in the step S2, the addition amount of the exogenous additive is 3-10% of the total weight of the mixed materials.
Further, in step S2, the exogenous additive is a material containing any one of grease, protein, starch, cellulose or hemicellulose as a main component.
Further, in step S2, the exogenous additive is an organic solid waste rich in any one of organic components of grease, protein, starch, cellulose or hemicellulose.
Further, in step S3, the biological drying reactor has a better heat preservation performance, so as to facilitate the accumulation of metabolic heat.
Further, in the step S3, the air is the air dried by silica gel, and the aeration rate is 0.03-0.10 m 3 ·h -1 ·kg -1 TS 。
Further, in step S3, the specific steps of the periodic turning are as follows: the pile body is turned every 2-4 days to ensure the uniformity of the material property and keep the ventilation effect.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, an exogenous additive mainly comprising one biochemical component of protein, lipid, cellulose and hemicellulose or organic solid waste rich in one organic component is added into a dewatered sludge biological desiccation pile body, so that enrichment of thermophilic microorganisms is promoted, degradation of organic matters in pile body materials is enhanced, thereby improving metabolism heat production of microorganisms, prolonging the high-temperature period of the pile body, and finally providing more sufficient power for removing water.
2. The method can also realize the efficient synergistic treatment of the dewatered sludge and other organic solid wastes, and has good environmental benefit and economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing a comparison of bulk temperatures during biological desiccation of dewatered sludge reinforced with different single components in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change of the water content of materials in the biological drying process of the dehydrated sludge reinforced by different single components in the embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of the contribution rate of each biochemical component to organic degradation in the biological desiccation process of dehydrated sludge reinforced by different single components in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the integrated fluorescence intensity ratios of the components of the soluble organic matters in the biological desiccation process of the dehydrated sludge reinforced by different single components in the embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the variation of microorganism population during biological desiccation of dewatered sludge reinforced by different single components in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing comparison of bulk temperature in the biological desiccation process of dewatered sludge assisted by blue algae in Taihu lake according to different proportions in the invention of example 3;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the comparison of the contribution rate of each biochemical component to organic degradation in the biological desiccation process of dewatered sludge assisted by blue-green algae in Taihu lake according to different proportions in the embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the variation of microorganism population in the biological desiccation process of dewatered sludge assisted by blue algae in Taihu lake according to different proportions in the embodiment 3 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a treatment method for biological desiccation of dewatered sludge, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, uniformly mixing dehydrated sludge and a conditioner to obtain a biological drying material;
s2, adding an exogenous additive into the biological desiccation material obtained in the step S1 to obtain a mixed material;
s3, injecting the mixed material obtained in the step S2 into a biological drying reactor to form a pile body, introducing air into the biological drying reactor, turning the pile regularly and measuring the temperature of the pile body until the temperature of the pile body is not increased to 10 ℃ higher than the average room temperature within 12 hours after turning the pile body, and ending biological drying of the dewatered sludge.
In this embodiment, in step S1, the mass ratio of the dewatered sludge to the conditioner is (5-2): 1.
in this embodiment, in step S1, the dewatered sludge is obtained from sludge generated in municipal sewage treatment plants or light industry by sequentially performing precipitation concentration and mechanical dewatering, and the water content of the dewatered sludge is 80-92%.
In this embodiment, the light industry is selected from any one or a combination of a plurality of food factories, breweries, sugar factories, monosodium glutamate factories, biological pharmaceutical factories, and the like.
In this embodiment, in step S1, the conditioning agent is selected from any one or more of coffee grounds, corncobs, wheat husks, straw, and the like, and the moisture content of the conditioning agent is less than 10%.
In this embodiment, in step S1, the moisture content of the biologically dried material is 60-74%.
In this embodiment, in step S2, the addition amount of the exogenous additive is 3-10% of the total weight of the mixed material.
In this embodiment, in step S2, the exogenous additive is a material containing any one of grease, protein, starch, cellulose or hemicellulose as a main component.
In this embodiment, in step S2, the exogenous additive is an organic solid waste rich in any one of organic components of grease, protein, starch, cellulose or hemicellulose.
In this embodiment, in step S3, the bio-drying reactor has a better heat preservation performance, so as to facilitate the accumulation of metabolic heat.
In this embodiment, in step S3, the air is air dried by silica gel, and the aeration rate is 0.03-0.10 m 3 ·h -1 ·kg -1 TS 。
In this embodiment, in step S3, the specific steps of the periodic turning are as follows: the pile body is turned every 2-4 days to ensure the uniformity of the material property and keep the ventilation effect.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a treatment method for biological desiccation of dewatered sludge, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing a conditioning agent:
and (5) taking straws in a local farmland, naturally airing and crushing to obtain the conditioner.
(2) Preparing a biological drying material:
the biological drying material with the water content of about 65% is prepared by uniformly mixing the dehydrated sludge (the water content of 91.90%) of the food factory and the conditioner in a mass ratio of 7:3.
(3) Preparing a mixed material:
the biological drying material was divided into five parts, four of which were respectively added with waste starch (designated as group a), soy protein (designated as group P), crystalline cellulose (designated as group C) and waste grease (designated as group L) in an amount of 5% of the total mass of each part of the biological drying material, and one of which was designated as control group (designated as group CK), without adding any foreign matters, and the total mass was made the same as that of the first four groups (5.40 kg), to obtain a mixed material.
(4) Respectively injecting the five groups of mixed materials into cylindrical biological drying reactor (diameter 24cm, height 50cm, porous plate 5cm from bottom of reactor to form aeration chamber, effective volume 20L) to form pile, and introducing silica gel-dried air (aeration amount 0.075 m) 3 ·h -1 ·kg -1 TS ) The top of the reactor is connected with a temperature sensor which is arranged in the middle of the reactor body and is used for recording the temperature of the reactor body.
(5) Periodically turning piles, sampling after each pile turning, analyzing parameters such as water content, VS, solid organic matters, soluble organic matters, ammonium nitrogen and the like of the samples, freezing the samples, and performing high-throughput sequencing. And judging the biological drying state by the stack temperature, wherein the stack temperature after turning over can not rise to 10 ℃ higher than the average room temperature within 12 hours, and the final biological drying period is 15 days.
The performance test results are shown below:
as shown in FIG. 1, after the exogenous additives mainly containing different types of organic matters are added into the biological drying pile, the highest temperature of the L group is highest (59.4 ℃ C., 4.2 days), the highest temperature of the P group is longest (more than or equal to 45 ℃ C., 5.3 days), and the temperature rise amplitude is more obvious after the 6 th day than that of other groups.
As shown in fig. 2, the water content of the products of group L and group P was the lowest (47.2% and 49.6%, respectively).
According to the material balance calculation result (table 1), after 15 days of biological desiccation, the water removal amount and the water removal rate of the exogenous additive are improved, wherein the water removal amounts (water removal rate) of the L group and the P group are 1974.32g (58.00%) and 2060.79g (60.12%) which are far greater than 1564.38g (45.23%) of the CK group respectively, and meanwhile, the biological desiccation indexes (4.18 and 3.37) of the L group and the P group are far greater than those of the CK group (2.62), which indicates that the biological desiccation efficacy of soybean protein and waste grease is obviously improved, and the promotion of the soybean protein on water removal is more obvious.
As shown in FIG. 3, the degradation amount of protein in the P group accounts for 13.9% of the total degradation amount of the organic components and is far higher than that of other groups, and meanwhile, the soybean protein promotes the degradation of lignin, so that the contribution rate (11.1%) of the soybean protein to the degradation of the organic components is obviously higher than that of the other groups.
Table 1 example 2 biological desiccation material balance analysis
As shown in fig. 4, the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum analysis is performed on the soluble organic matters (dissolved organic matter, DOM), the fluorescence intensity decrease amplitude of the protein substances (components I and II) in group P is more obvious than that of the protein substances in other experimental groups, and the fluorescence intensity increase amplitude of the humic acid substances (component V) is the largest, which indicates that the soybean protein plays a positive promoting role in decomposing the materials.
As shown in FIG. 5, the microbial population analysis results further demonstrate that the addition of the proteinaceous exogenous additive facilitates the enrichment of thermophilic bacteria, such as at day 9 of biodesiccation, the relative abundance of the Firmicutes and actinomycetes (actinomycetes) of group P is 48.47% and 32.84%, respectively. On the subordinate level, group P was enriched with a large amount of Bacillus (20.20% relative abundance) and Sphingobacterium (23.27% relative abundance) on days 9 and 15, significantly higher than the other groups in the same period.
The results show that the protein exogenous additive is favorable for decomposing refractory organic matters and promoting mass propagation of thermophiles, so that the metabolism heat production efficiency and the water removal efficiency are improved, and the decomposition process of materials is accelerated.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for treating dewatered sludge by biological desiccation, wherein the exogenous additive is organic solid waste rich in protein and is derived from blue algae in Taihu lake, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing a conditioning agent:
and (5) taking coffee grounds from a coffee shop, and naturally airing to obtain the conditioner.
(2) Preparing a biological drying material:
the biological drying material with the water content of about 66% is prepared by uniformly mixing the dehydrated sludge (the water content of 87.73) of the food factory and the conditioner in a mass ratio of 3:1.
(3) Preparation of exogenous additives (protein-rich organic solid waste)
And (3) dehydrating blue algae in the water bloom area of the Taihu lake, drying the dehydrated blue algae mud cake at 105 ℃ for 24 hours, and crushing to obtain blue algae powder rich in protein (239.12 mg/g dry mass).
(4) Preparing a mixed material:
dividing the biological drying material into four parts, wherein the biological drying material without blue algae is used as a control group (CK), and the other three groups of biological drying materials are respectively added with Taihu blue algae (respectively marked as 3 percent BA group, 6 percent BA group and 9 percent BA group) with the addition amount of 3 percent, 6 percent and 9 percent of the total mass of each part of biological drying material to obtain a mixed material.
(5) Respectively injecting the four groups of mixed materials into a cylindrical biological drying reactor to form a pile body, and introducing air dried by silica gel, wherein the aeration rate is 0.060m 3 ·h -1 ·kg -1 TS The top of the reactor is connected with a temperature sensor which is arranged in the middle of the reactor body and records the temperature of the reactor body at regular time.
(6) Periodically turning piles, sampling after each pile turning, analyzing parameters such as water content, VS, solid organic matters, soluble organic matters, ammonium nitrogen and the like of the samples, freezing the samples, and performing high-throughput sequencing. And judging the biological drying state by the stack temperature, wherein the stack temperature after turning over can not rise to 10 ℃ higher than the average room temperature within 12 hours, and the final biological drying period is 12 days.
The performance test results are shown below:
as shown in FIG. 6, the addition of blue algae in Taihu lake with different proportions obviously influences the variation trend of the stack temperature in the biological drying process, wherein 9% of blue algae is added, the highest temperature peak (49.8 ℃) is generated in 6 days before biological drying, the secondary temperature rise occurs after stack turning on the 6 th day, and the temperature peak (56.8 ℃) is higher than the earlier stage.
In the 12-day biological drying process, the water removal rates of the CK group, the 3% BA group, the 6% BA group and the 9% BA group are respectively 50.12%, 48.86%, 52.08% and 60.13%, namely, the water removal rate is improved by adding blue algae, wherein the 9% BA group is obviously higher than the CK group.
Table 2 example 3 biological desiccation Material balance analysis
In addition, as shown in fig. 7, the contribution rate of the protein in the 9% group to the degradation of the organic matters (13.00%) is obviously higher than that of the CK group (8.38%), and the degradation rate of the cellulose which is difficult to degrade is improved by the blue algae.
As shown in FIG. 8, the microbial population analysis results confirmed that thermophilic bacteria such as Bacillus, streptomyces and Bacillus lysine in the 9% BA group had high relative abundance on days 6, 9 and 12, while the thermophilic bacteria in the CK group had low relative abundance. The results prove that the addition of the blue algae is beneficial to the generation of metabolic heat and the enrichment of thermophiles in the biological drying process, so that the biological drying efficiency is improved.
The previous description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in order to make and use the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be readily made to these embodiments and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for treating dewatered sludge by biological drying is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, uniformly mixing dehydrated sludge and a conditioner to obtain a biological drying material;
s2, adding an exogenous additive into the biological desiccation material obtained in the step S1 to obtain a mixed material;
s3, injecting the mixed material obtained in the step S2 into a biological drying reactor to form a pile body, introducing air into the biological drying reactor, turning the pile regularly and measuring the temperature of the pile body until the temperature of the pile body is not increased to 10 ℃ higher than the average room temperature within 12 hours after turning the pile body, and ending biological drying of the dewatered sludge.
2. The method for biologically drying dewatered sludge according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the mass ratio of the dewatered sludge to the conditioner is (5-2): 1.
3. the method for biologically drying dewatered sludge according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the dewatered sludge is obtained by sequentially carrying out precipitation concentration and mechanical dewatering on sludge generated by municipal sewage treatment plants or light industry, and the water content of the dewatered sludge is 80-92%.
4. The method for biologically drying dewatered sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the conditioner is selected from any one or more of coffee grounds, corncob, wheat bran or straw, and the water content of the conditioner is less than 10%.
5. The method for biologically drying dewatered sludge according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the water content of the biologically dried material is 60-74%.
6. The method for biologically drying dewatered sludge according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the addition amount of the exogenous additive is 3-10% of the total weight of the mixture.
7. The method for biologically drying dewatered sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the exogenous additive is a material containing any one of grease, protein, starch, cellulose or hemicellulose as a main component.
8. The method for biologically drying dewatered sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the exogenous additive is an organic solid waste rich in any one of organic components of grease, protein, starch, cellulose or hemicellulose.
9. The method for biologically drying dewatered sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the air is silica gel dried air with aeration of 0.03-0.10 m 3 ·h -1 ·kg -1 TS 。
10. The method for biologically drying dewatered sludge according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the specific steps of periodically turning the piles are as follows: turning the pile every 2-4 days.
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