CN117842872B - Early warning device and method for monitoring loosening of standard section bolt of tower crane - Google Patents
Early warning device and method for monitoring loosening of standard section bolt of tower crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN117842872B CN117842872B CN202410263430.6A CN202410263430A CN117842872B CN 117842872 B CN117842872 B CN 117842872B CN 202410263430 A CN202410263430 A CN 202410263430A CN 117842872 B CN117842872 B CN 117842872B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/88—Safety gear
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/187—Machine fault alarms
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Abstract
The invention discloses an early warning device and method for monitoring loosening of a standard section bolt of a tower crane, and relates to the technical field of tower crane safety monitoring, wherein the early warning device comprises a first structure part and a second structure part, a first transverse electric contact and a first vertical electric contact are arranged on the first structure part, a second transverse electric contact and a second vertical electric contact are arranged on the second structure part, a first interval is formed between the first transverse electric contact and the second transverse electric contact, and a second interval is formed between the first vertical electric contact and the second vertical electric contact; when the first transverse electric contact is contacted with the second transverse electric contact and/or the first vertical electric contact is contacted with the second vertical electric contact, the power supply piece is conducted with the early warning device, and the early warning device acts. The early warning device and the early warning method can indirectly judge whether the bolts fastening the two standard sections are loose or not by monitoring the variation of the distance between the two adjacent standard sections, can monitor the transverse relative displacement and the vertical relative displacement of the standard sections, and have better early warning effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tower crane safety monitoring, in particular to an early warning device and method for monitoring loosening of standard section bolts of a tower crane.
Background
The tower crane is the most commonly used lifting equipment on the construction site and is used for lifting raw materials such as reinforcing steel bars, wood ridges, concrete, steel pipes and the like for construction. The tower crane is generally installed in a mode that standard sections are spliced in sequence, and in the installation process of the tower crane, two adjacent standard sections are generally fixed through bolts, so that the bolts serve as key fixing elements of the tower crane, and play a vital role in stability and safety of the tower crane. In actual engineering operation, due to reasons such as improper management or improper use, the bolt can appear that pretightening force is insufficient or the bolt is not tight after long-term work receives problems such as repetition effort for a long time, leads to the potential safety hazards such as bolt looseness, nut drop to appear in the standard festival, and moreover, the standard festival of potential safety hazard appears can be to the perk of davit direction, or take place horizontal displacement, seriously influences construction safety.
At present, the safety problem of the tower crane is checked in a construction link, and generally, whether bolts of standard sections are loosened or not is checked one by a constructor before starting operation every day, but the number of the tower cranes on a construction site is large, the workload of checking the standard sections of the tower crane one by one is large, and the checking efficiency is low. Although the industry also has the methods of monitoring through a pressure sensor, monitoring through a camera and the like to check whether a standard joint bolt of the tower crane is loosened, the pressure sensor is often used for monitoring the pressure generated by a nut, and when the tower crane works, the tension and compression condition of the contact surface of the standard joint of the tower crane also changes along with the change of the direction of a suspension arm, and the stress of the bolt connected with the standard joint also changes, so that even if the bolt does not loosen, the nut also presses the pressure sensor, and the numerical value of the pressure sensor changes; the camera is used for monitoring whether the bolt and the nut of the standard joint are loosened or not, whether the relative position between the upper nut and the lower nut of the bolt is changed or not is generally achieved by checking whether the relative position between the upper nut and the lower nut is changed or not, but the reason that the bolt is loosened is not only caused by the relative rotation of the upper nut and the lower nut, and in an actual construction environment, a large number of situations that the bolt is loosened due to the fact that the upper nut and the lower nut rotate relatively simultaneously, or the bolt is lengthened due to long-term stress, so that the bolt loosening is caused, and therefore, the method for monitoring by adopting the camera is difficult to monitor whether the bolt and the nut of the standard joint are loosened or not well, and the method for monitoring by adopting the camera is limited by high cost, complex field wiring and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an early warning device and method for monitoring loosening of standard section bolts of a tower crane, wherein the early warning device judges whether the standard sections have relative displacement or not by monitoring the distance change between two adjacent standard sections, and realizes early warning of loosening of the standard section bolts so as to solve the limitation of monitoring based on a pressure sensor and a camera in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a monitor tower crane standard festival bolt looseness's early warning device, includes the first structure portion that sets up in arbitrary standard festival horizontal pole periphery side, sets up in adjacent standard festival second structure portion that corresponds horizontal pole periphery side, this first structure portion and second structure portion conductive connection, and
The first structure part is provided with a first transverse electric contact and a first vertical electric contact which face the second structure part, the second structure part is provided with a second transverse electric contact and a second vertical electric contact which face the first structure part, a first interval is formed between the first transverse electric contact and the second transverse electric contact, and a second interval is formed between the first vertical electric contact and the second vertical electric contact;
The first structure part or the second structure part is also provided with an early warning device for presenting warning information to the outside and a power supply part for providing running power for the early warning device; when the first interval and/or the second interval are reduced, the first transverse electric contact is contacted with the second transverse electric contact and/or the first vertical electric contact is contacted with the second vertical electric contact, so that the power supply piece and the early warning device are conducted, and the early warning device acts.
The adjacent standard section refers to another standard section adjacent to the standard section provided with the first structural portion, and the corresponding cross bar refers to a cross bar adjacent to the cross bar provided with the first structural portion on the adjacent standard section.
The standard section of the tower crane is connected by bolts and nuts, after the installation of the two adjacent standard sections, a gap exists between two cross bars corresponding to the two adjacent standard sections in the vertical direction, when the bolts of the standard sections are fastened, the distance of the gap is generally a fixed value or changes within a small distance range, at the moment, a first interval is reserved between the first transverse electric contact and the second transverse electric contact, a second interval is reserved between the first vertical electric contact and the second vertical electric contact, the power supply piece is not conducted with the early warning device, and the early warning device is in a static standby state.
If the bolts of the standard sections are loosened, the relative displacement of the vertical direction or the relative displacement of the horizontal direction of the two adjacent standard sections can be generated no matter the relative rotation of the upper nut and the lower nut or the relative rotation of the upper nut and the lower nut and the simultaneous rotation of the upper nut and the lower nut or the elongation of the bolts due to long-term stress, so that the length of the gap between the two cross bars corresponding to the two adjacent standard sections is changed.
When two adjacent standard knots produce the relative displacement of vertical direction, the standard knot that is located on upper portion can be to the perk of the davit place direction of tower crane, make two adjacent standard knots change at the interval of vertical direction, at this moment, the distance in aforesaid clearance can increase and surpass a certain threshold value, the second interval that forms between first vertical electric contact and the vertical electric contact of second can be reduced, make first vertical electric contact and the vertical electric contact of second contact, realize that first vertical electric contact and the vertical electric contact of second switch on, and make power spare and early warning ware switch on, make the early warning ware action, the condition that the bolt is not hard up appears in the standard knot of warning this position.
When two adjacent standard knots generate relative displacement in the horizontal direction, the two adjacent standard knots generate a distance in the horizontal direction, at the moment, a first interval formed between the first transverse electric contact and the second transverse electric contact can be shortened, the first transverse electric contact is contacted with the second transverse electric contact, the first transverse electric contact is conducted with the second transverse electric contact, the power supply piece and the early warning device are conducted, the early warning device acts, and the condition that bolts loosen in the standard knots in the position is warned.
It should be noted that, the record of the foregoing gap varies within a certain small interval, generally due to bolt vibration caused by environmental factors in the construction site, and when the amplitude of the bolt vibration is within the safety range, the standard section has no potential safety hazard, and the first vertical electrical contact and the second vertical electrical contact still maintain a second interval, so that the first vertical electrical contact and the second vertical electrical contact are not contacted.
In some embodiments, a conductive member for conductive connection is flexibly connected between the first structural portion and the second structural portion.
In some embodiments, an adjusting member for adjusting the length of the second interval is provided on the first structural portion or the second structural portion; the adjusting piece is lifted relative to the first structure part or the second structure part, so that the second vertical electric contact and the first vertical electric contact relatively move, and the length of the second interval is adjusted.
In some embodiments, the precaution includes an alert and/or signaling element; when the power supply part and the early warning device are conducted, the warning part sends observable warning information, such as sound waves, visible light and the like, and the signal sending part is in communication connection with an external information end to feed back the warning information.
In some embodiments, the first structure includes a first fastener; the first fixing piece is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cross rod and wraps the upper end side and the lower end side of the cross rod; the first fastener is arranged on the first fixing piece in a penetrating way and is pressed on the upper end side or the lower end side of the cross rod; the first transverse electric contact and the first vertical electric contact are arranged on the first fixing piece and are oppositely arranged on two sides of the cross rod with the first fastening piece.
In some embodiments, the second structure includes a second fastener; the second fixing piece is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cross rod and wraps the upper end side and the lower end side of the cross rod; the second fastening piece is arranged on the second fixing piece in a penetrating way and is pressed on the upper end side or the lower end side of the cross rod; the second transverse electric contact and the second vertical electric contact are arranged on two sides of the cross bar opposite to the second fastening piece.
In some embodiments, the first lateral electrical contact, the second lateral electrical contact, the first vertical electrical contact, and the second vertical electrical contact are each elongated in outer profile and are each disposed along the length of the beam.
In some embodiments, the first lateral electrical contact is disposed on an outer end side of the first structural portion in a horizontal direction, and the first lateral electrical contact is disposed toward a direction in which an inner end side of the second structural portion is located; the first vertical electric contact is arranged at the lower end side of the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electric contact is arranged towards the direction where the second structural part is located; the second transverse electric contact is arranged at the inner end side of the second structural part in the horizontal direction, and the second transverse electric contact is arranged towards the direction of the outer end side of the first structural part; the second vertical electric contact is arranged at the end side of the second structural part facing the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the second vertical electric contact is arranged in the direction of the first structural part.
The inner end side of the first structure portion refers to the end side of the first structure portion facing the position where the cross bar is located, and the outer end side of the first structure portion refers to the end side of the first structure portion facing away from the position where the cross bar is located; the inner end side of the second structure part is the end side of the first structure part facing the position of the cross bar, and the outer end side of the second structure part is the end side of the first structure part facing away from the position of the cross bar.
In some embodiments, the first lateral electrical contact is disposed on an outer end side of the first structural portion in a horizontal direction, and the first lateral electrical contact is disposed toward a direction in which an inner end side of the second structural portion is located; the first vertical electric contact is arranged at the upper end side of the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electric contact is arranged towards the direction where the second structural part is located; the second transverse electric contact is arranged at the inner end side of the second structural part in the horizontal direction, and the second transverse electric contact is arranged towards the direction of the outer end side of the first structural part; the second vertical electric contact is arranged at the end side of the second structural part facing the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the second vertical electric contact is arranged in the direction of the first structural part.
In some embodiments, the first lateral electrical contact is disposed on an inner end side of the first structural portion in a horizontal direction, and the first lateral electrical contact is disposed toward an outer end side of the second structural portion; the first vertical electric contact is arranged at the lower end side of the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electric contact is arranged towards the direction where the second structural part is located; the second transverse electric contact is arranged at the outer end side of the second structural part in the horizontal direction, and the second transverse electric contact is arranged towards the direction of the inner end side of the first structural part; the second vertical electric contact is arranged at the end side of the second structural part facing the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the second vertical electric contact is arranged in the direction of the first structural part.
In some embodiments, the first lateral electrical contact is disposed on an inner end side of the first structural portion in a horizontal direction, and the first lateral electrical contact is disposed toward an outer end side of the second structural portion; the first vertical electric contact is arranged at the upper end side of the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electric contact is arranged towards the direction where the second structural part is located; the second transverse electric contact is arranged at the outer end side of the second structural part in the horizontal direction, and the second transverse electric contact is arranged towards the direction of the inner end side of the first structural part; the second vertical electric contact is arranged at the end side of the second structural part facing the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the second vertical electric contact is arranged in the direction of the first structural part.
Based on the early warning device, the invention also provides an early warning method for monitoring the loosening of the standard section bolt of the tower crane, which comprises the following steps:
in the two adjacent standard joints, a first structural part is arranged on a top cross rod of the standard joint positioned below, a second structural part is arranged on a bottom cross rod of the standard joint positioned above, and the top cross rod and the bottom cross rod are mutually close in the vertical direction;
adjusting the positions of the first structure part and the second structure part to form a first interval between the first transverse electric contact and the second transverse electric contact, and form a second interval between the first vertical electric contact and the second vertical electric contact;
When the first interval and/or the second interval are reduced, the first vertical electric contact is contacted with the second vertical electric contact, and/or the first transverse electric contact is contacted with the second transverse electric contact, the power supply piece and the early warning device are conducted, the early warning device acts, and early warning information is sent.
In some embodiments, a gasket is placed between the first lateral electrical contact and the second lateral electrical contact, and the first vertical electrical contact and the second vertical electrical contact, such that the first lateral electrical contact and the second lateral electrical contact are attached to both sides of the gasket, and the first vertical electrical contact and the second vertical electrical contact are attached to both sides of the gasket; the spacer is withdrawn to form a first space between the first lateral electrical contact and the second lateral electrical contact and a second space between the first vertical electrical contact and the second vertical electrical contact.
In some embodiments, the pre-warning device is arranged towards the inner or outer end side of the standard knot.
In some embodiments, the number of the early warning devices is plural, and the plural early warning devices are respectively installed on each side surface of the standard knot in the circumferential direction.
Compared with the prior art, the early warning device and method for monitoring the loosening of the standard section bolt of the tower crane have the beneficial effects that:
(1) The early warning device can indirectly judge whether the bolts fastening two standard joints are loosened or not by monitoring the variation of the distance between two adjacent standard joints, and can monitor the conditions of relative rotation of an upper nut and a lower nut, simultaneous rotation of the upper nut and the lower nut relative to the bolts, elongation of the bolts due to long-term stress and the like by monitoring the transverse relative displacement and the vertical relative displacement of the standard joints, so that the early warning effect is better;
(2) The early warning device has a light structure, the first structure part and the second structure part can be installed on the cross rod only through the fastener, the early warning device is simple and quick to install and detach, and subsequent operation is not needed after primary adjustment;
(3) The early warning device does not need to consume electric energy in a normal state, an initially installed power supply part can meet the requirement of monitoring and early warning in the whole construction period, the use cost is low, and the early warning device is suitable for popularization and use in construction sites;
(4) Based on the early warning method adopted by the early warning device, whether the relative positions of all standard knots on the tower crane occur can be rapidly judged, so that the danger of overturning of the tower crane caused by the fact that the standard knots are sent by bolts is prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a part of a tower crane in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the early warning device in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the early warning device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a warning device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of C in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the early warning device according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of D in fig. 8.
In the figure, 1, upper standard section; 2. a lower standard section; 3. a cross bar; 4. a first structure portion; 40. a first fixing member; 41. a first fastener; 5. a second structure portion; 50. a second fixing member; 51. a second fastener; 6. a first lateral electrical contact; 7. a first vertical electrical contact; 8. a second lateral electrical contact; 9. a second vertical electrical contact; 10. a first interval; 11. a second interval; 12. an adjusting member; 120. an adjusting bolt; 121. a contact mounting block; 13. an early warning device; 130. a warning light; 14. a power supply member; 15. and a conductive member.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "height," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used herein to describe the invention as a basis for the positional or positional relationship as illustrated in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the invention and to simplify the description, rather than to monitor or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as monitoring or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features being monitored. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, taking an example of an upper standard section 1 and a lower standard section 2 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an early warning device for monitoring bolt loosening of a standard section of a tower crane, which comprises a first structure portion 4 and a second structure portion 5, wherein,
The first structure part 4 is arranged on the outer periphery side of the cross bar 3 of the lower standard joint 2, and a first transverse electric contact 6 and a first vertical electric contact 7 facing the second structure part 5 are arranged on the first structure part 4;
the second structure part 5 is arranged on the outer periphery side of the cross bar 3 of the upper standard joint 1, and a second transverse electric contact 8 and a second vertical electric contact 9 facing the first structure part 4 are arranged on the second structure part 5;
A first interval 10 for monitoring the horizontal relative position of two adjacent standard sections is formed between the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8, and a second interval 11 for monitoring the vertical relative position of two adjacent standard sections is formed between the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second vertical electric contact 9.
In this embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first structural portion 4 includes a first fixing member 40, and a first fastening member 41; the first fixing member 40 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cross bar 3 of the lower standard knot 2, and wraps the upper end side and the lower end side of the cross bar 3; the first fastening piece 41 is arranged on the first fixing piece 40 in a penetrating way and is pressed on the upper end side of the cross rod 3; the first transverse electric contact 6 and the first vertical electric contact 7 are arranged on the first fixing piece 40 and are arranged on two sides of the cross rod 3 opposite to the first fastening piece 41, and the outer contours of the first transverse electric contact 6 and the first vertical electric contact 7 are long-strip-shaped and are arranged along the length direction of the cross rod 3.
As shown in fig. 3, in embodiment 1, an adjusting member 12 for adjusting the length of the second space 11 is provided on the first structural portion 4. The adjusting member 12 comprises an adjusting bolt 120 connected with the first fixing member 40 and a contact mounting block 121 connected with the end part of the adjusting bolt 120, wherein the adjusting bolt 120 is in threaded connection with the first fixing member 40, and the outer contours of the first transverse electric contact 6 and the first vertical electric contact 7 are arranged on the contact mounting block 121 in a strip shape. By screwing the adjusting bolt 120, the adjusting bolt 120 can be lifted relative to the first structural part 4, so that the contact mounting block 121 is driven to move, the second vertical electric contact 9 and the first vertical electric contact 7 are driven to move relatively, and the length of the second interval 11 is adjusted.
In other embodiments, the adjusting member 12 may be disposed on the second structural portion 5, and by moving the second lateral electric contact 8 and the second vertical electric contact 9, the second vertical electric contact 9 and the first vertical electric contact 7 may be moved relatively, and the length of the second space 11 may be adjusted. The adjusting member 12 is provided on the second structure portion 5 to change its structure, and may be determined according to the structure of the cross bar 3 of the standard section and the installation position of the warning device.
In the present embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, the second structural portion 5 includes a second fixing member 50, and a second fastening member 51; the second fixing member 50 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cross bar 3 of the upper standard knot 1, and wraps the upper end side and the lower end side of the cross bar 3; the second fastening piece 51 is arranged on the second fixing piece 50 in a penetrating way and is pressed on the lower end side of the cross rod 3; the second transverse electric contact 8 and the second vertical electric contact 9 are arranged on two sides of the cross rod 3 opposite to the second fastening piece 51, and the outer contours of the second transverse electric contact 8 and the second vertical electric contact 9 are long-strip-shaped and are arranged along the length direction of the cross rod 3. The outer contours of the first transverse electric contact 6, the first vertical electric contact 7, the second transverse electric contact 8 and the second vertical electric contact 9 are long strips, so that the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8 and the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second vertical electric contact 9 can be ensured to have sufficient contact areas, and the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8 and the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second vertical electric contact 9 can be ensured to be contacted when the first interval 10 and the second interval 11 are reduced.
Specifically, in the present embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 3, the first lateral electric contact 6 is provided on the outer end side of the first structural portion 4 in the horizontal direction, and the first lateral electric contact 6 is arranged toward the direction in which the inner end side of the second structural portion 5 is located; the second transverse electric contact 8 is arranged at the inner end side of the second structural part 5 in the horizontal direction, and the second transverse electric contact 8 is arranged towards the outer end side of the first structural part 4, so that a first interval 10 is formed between the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8 for monitoring the horizontal relative positions of two adjacent standard knots. The length of the first interval 10 is preferably controlled to be between 1 and 3mm, or the maximum value of the length of the first interval 10 is set based on the difference between the diameter of the screw hole in the standard section and the diameter of the bolt installed in the screw hole, so as to ensure the safety of two adjacent standard sections and avoid frequent alarm of the early warning device due to the too short length of the first interval 10.
The first vertical electrical contact 7 is arranged at the lower end side of the first structural part 4 in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electrical contact 7 is arranged towards the direction in which the second structural part 5 is arranged; the second vertical electrical contact 9 is arranged at the end side of the second structural part 5 facing the first structural part 4 in the vertical direction, and the second vertical electrical contact 9 is arranged in the direction of the first structural part 4, so that a second interval 11 is formed between the first vertical electrical contact 7 and the second vertical electrical contact 9 and is used for monitoring the relative positions of two adjacent standard sections in the vertical direction. The risk of tower crane toppling due to vertical displacement of the standard section is high, and the length of the second interval 11 can be set between 1 and 3mm, preferably 1mm, so that whether bolts of the standard section are loosened can be timely judged.
For accurately adjusting the lengths of the first interval 10 and the second interval 11, when the early warning device is assembled, the early warning device can comprise gaskets (not shown in the figure) which are embedded between the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8 and between the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second vertical electric contact 9, and the thickness of the gaskets can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm and the like so as to quickly and accurately set the lengths of the first interval 10 and the second interval 11. The gasket is preferably a detachable structure, and after the early warning device is assembled, the gasket is pulled away from the first interval 10 and the second interval 11, so that the first transverse electric contact 6 is separated from the second transverse electric contact 8 and the first vertical electric contact 7 is separated from the second vertical electric contact 9, and the gasket is kept at the preset first interval 10 and the preset second interval 11.
As shown in fig. 2, in embodiment 1, an early warning device 13 for presenting warning information to the outside is provided at the outer end side of the second structure portion 5, and a power supply member 14 for providing operation power for the early warning device 13 is provided in the first structure portion 4, and specifically, the early warning device 13 is a warning light 130 as a warning member and a signal generator (not shown in the figure) as a signal transmitting member; the power supply member 14 is a battery.
In other embodiments, the warning device 13 may be mounted at other positions of the second structure portion 5, such as the inner end side of the second structure portion 5, or mounted on the first structure portion 4. Similarly, the power element 14 may be mounted at other positions of the first structure portion 4 or mounted on the second structure portion 5.
In embodiment 1, a conductive member 15 for conductive connection is flexibly connected between the first structure portion 4 and the second structure portion 5, so that the first structure portion 4 and the second structure portion 5 are electrically connected. The conductive member 15 is arranged on the inner end sides of the first and second structural portions 4 and 5, and is arranged on both sides of the cross bar 3 opposite to the first lateral electric contact 6, the first vertical electric contact 7, the second lateral electric contact 8, and the second vertical electric contact 9. Specifically, the conductive member 15 is a wire having a certain length, and two ends of the wire are respectively connected to the first fixing member 40 and the second fixing member 50. In order to make the conductive member 15 electrically connected to the pre-alarm 13 and the power supply 14, a connection circuit (not shown) is provided on the first fixing member 40 and the second fixing member 50, and when the first transverse electric contact 6 contacts with the second transverse electric contact 8 or the first vertical electric contact 7 contacts with the second vertical electric contact 9, the pre-alarm 13 and the power supply 14 form a closed circuit through the conductive member 15 and the connection circuit, so that the pre-alarm 13 is electrically connected to the power supply 14.
When the first transverse electric contact 6 is in contact with the second transverse electric contact 8 or the first vertical electric contact 7 is in contact with the second vertical electric contact 9, the pre-warning device 13 can be in conductive communication with the power supply member 14, and when the first transverse electric contact 6 is not in contact with the second transverse electric contact 8 and the first vertical electric contact 7 is not in contact with the second vertical electric contact 9, the pre-warning device 13 is kept disconnected from the power supply member 14, and at this time, the pre-warning device 13 does not act and does not trigger pre-warning information.
The connection circuit may be provided outside the first fixing member 40 and the second fixing member 50, or may be provided inside the first fixing member 40 and the second fixing member 50. The first fixing member 40 and the second fixing member 50 are made of hard metal materials, so that sufficient protection strength is provided for the connection circuit. When the connection circuit is disposed outside the first fixing member 40 and the second fixing member 50, the outer layer of the connection circuit needs to be waterproof and insulating to ensure the safety of the connection circuit.
In specific application, the embodiment adopts the early warning device with the design, and also provides an early warning method for monitoring the loosening of the standard section bolt of the tower crane, which comprises the following steps:
the early warning devices are arranged in the upper standard section 1 and the lower standard section 2 which are adjacent up and down, wherein the number of the early warning devices is a plurality of, the early warning devices are respectively arranged at four side positions in the circumferential direction of the upper standard section 1 and the lower standard section 2, in particular,
A first structural part 4 is arranged on the top cross bar of the lower standard joint 2, a second structural part 5 is arranged on the bottom cross bar of the upper standard joint 1, and the top cross bar and the bottom cross bar are mutually close to each other in the vertical direction, namely the cross bar 3 shown in fig. 1;
Adjusting the positions of the first structure part 4 and the second structure part 5 so that a first interval 10 is formed between the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8, and a second interval 11 is formed between the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second vertical electric contact 9;
When the first interval 10 and/or the second interval 11 are reduced, the first vertical electric contact 7 is contacted with the second vertical electric contact 9, and/or the first transverse electric contact 6 is contacted with the second transverse electric contact 8, the power supply piece 14 and the early warning device 13 are conducted, and the early warning device 13 acts to send out early warning information.
In the early warning method of the embodiment, when the positions of the first structural part 4 and the second structural part 5 are adjusted, gaskets can be respectively placed between the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8 and between the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second vertical electric contact 9, so that the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8 are attached to two sides of the gaskets, and the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second vertical electric contact 9 are attached to two sides of the gaskets; after the spacer is removed, a first interval 10 with a spacing distance meeting the design requirement is formed between the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8, and a second interval 11 with a spacing distance meeting the design requirement is formed between the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second vertical electric contact 9.
When the bolts between the upper and lower standard sections 1, 2 are loosened, the upper and lower standard sections 1, 2 are at least displaced vertically or horizontally in spite of the relative rotation of the upper and lower nuts, the simultaneous rotation of the upper and lower nuts, or the elongation of the bolts due to long-term stress,
If the upper standard section 1 and the lower standard section 2 generate relative displacement in the vertical direction, the upper standard section 1 can tilt towards the direction of the boom of the tower crane to drive the second structural part 5 to turn over, so that the second vertical electric contact 9 is close to the first vertical electric contact 7, and the second interval 11 is gradually reduced. When the tilting angle of the upper standard section 1 reaches a certain range, the gap distance between the transverse rods 3 of the upper standard section 1 and the lower standard section 2 can be increased and exceeds a certain threshold value, correspondingly, the second interval 11 formed between the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second vertical electric contact 9 can be reduced, the first vertical electric contact 7 is contacted with the second vertical electric contact 9, the conduction of the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second vertical electric contact 9 is realized, the closing circuit is formed by the early warning device 13, the power supply piece 14, the conducting piece 15 and the connecting circuit through the matching of the conducting piece 15 and the connecting circuit, the early warning device 13 and the power supply piece 14 are conducted, the early warning device 13 acts, the warning lamp 130 sends warning light to the outside, and the signal engine sends warning information to the external information end, so that the condition of loosening of a bolt occurs in the standard section at the position is warned.
If the upper standard joint 1 and the lower standard joint 2 generate relative displacement in the horizontal direction, the relative movement of the upper standard joint 1 and the lower standard joint 2 drives the first structure part 4 or the second structure part 5 to move, so that the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8 are close, and the first interval 10 is gradually reduced. When the relative movement of the standard section and the lower standard section 2 reaches a certain amplitude, a first interval 10 formed between the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8 is reduced, so that the first transverse electric contact 6 is contacted with the second transverse electric contact 8, the conduction between the first transverse electric contact 6 and the second transverse electric contact 8 is realized, the power supply piece 14 and the early warning device 13 are conducted, the early warning device 13 acts, and the condition that a bolt loosens occurs in the standard section at the position is warned.
In the early warning method of the present embodiment, the positions of the early warning devices installed in the standard knots are diversified. Taking the position of the precaution device as an example, the precaution device can be arranged towards the inner end side or the outer end side of the standard section, and only needs to be seen by the outside when the precaution device triggers the precaution information, for example, when the precaution device is arranged at the inner end side of the standard section, the precaution device can feed back the warning information to the outside through the signal transmission part for the staff to know and observe, and when the precaution device is arranged at the outer end side of the standard section, the precaution device can also feed back the warning lamp tube capable of being directly observed to the outside through the warning lamp 130 for the staff to know and observe.
Based on the monitoring and early warning method, after the early warning device is installed on the tower crane, workers on the construction site only need to make a round of a field to observe whether the early warning device on each tower crane has warning information, and whether the relative position of each standard section on the tower crane is found can be rapidly judged, so that the danger of overturning caused by the fact that the standard section bolts of the tower crane are sent to the tower crane is prevented.
Example 2
The difference between the early warning device for monitoring loosening of standard section bolts of a tower crane provided in this embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 4-5, a first transverse electrical contact 6 is disposed at an outer end side of a first structural portion 4 in a horizontal direction, and the first transverse electrical contact 6 is disposed in a direction in which an inner end side of a second structural portion 5 is located; the first vertical electrical contact 7 is arranged on the upper end side of the first structural part 4 in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electrical contact 7 is arranged towards the direction in which the second structural part 5 is located; the second lateral electric contact 8 is disposed on the inner end side of the second structural portion 5 in the horizontal direction, and the second lateral electric contact 8 is disposed toward the direction in which the outer end side of the first structural portion 4 is located; the second vertical electrical contacts 9 are arranged in the vertical direction at the end side of the second structural portion 5 facing the first structural portion 4, and the second vertical electrical contacts 9 are arranged in the direction in which the first structural portion 4 is located.
In the same manner as in the monitoring method of embodiment 1, after the early warning device of embodiment 2 is mounted at the four corners of the standard joint, when the bolts between the upper standard joint 1 and the lower standard joint 2 are loosened, the upper standard joint 1 and the lower standard joint 2 will generate relative displacement in the vertical direction or relative displacement in the horizontal direction, and correspondingly, the second vertical electrical contact 9 and the first vertical electrical contact 7, and the second horizontal electrical contact 8 and the first horizontal electrical contact 6 will generate relative positions, so that the first interval 10 or the second interval 11 is reduced. When the second vertical electric contact 9 is contacted with the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second horizontal electric contact 8 is contacted with the first horizontal electric contact 6, the power supply piece 14 is conducted with the early warning device 13, so that the early warning device 13 acts to warn that a bolt looseness occurs in a standard section at the position.
Other structures of this embodiment 2 are the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
Example 3
The difference between the early warning device for monitoring loosening of standard section bolts of a tower crane provided in this embodiment 3 and embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 6-7, a first transverse electrical contact 6 is disposed at an inner end side of a first structural portion 4 in a horizontal direction, and the first transverse electrical contact 6 is disposed in a direction in which an outer end side of a second structural portion 5 is located; the first vertical electrical contact 7 is arranged at the lower end side of the first structural part 4 in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electrical contact 7 is arranged towards the direction in which the second structural part 5 is arranged; the second lateral electric contact 8 is disposed on the outer end side of the second structural portion 5 in the horizontal direction, and the second lateral electric contact 8 is disposed toward the direction in which the inner end side of the first structural portion 4 is located; the second vertical electrical contacts 9 are arranged in the vertical direction at the end side of the second structural portion 5 facing the first structural portion 4, and the second vertical electrical contacts 9 are arranged in the direction in which the first structural portion 4 is located.
In the same manner as in the monitoring method of embodiment 1, after the early warning device of embodiment 3 is mounted at the four corners of the standard joint, when the bolts between the upper standard joint 1 and the lower standard joint 2 are loosened, the upper standard joint 1 and the lower standard joint 2 will generate relative displacement in the vertical direction or relative displacement in the horizontal direction, and correspondingly, the second vertical electrical contact 9 will generate relative positions with the first vertical electrical contact 7, the second horizontal electrical contact 8 and the first horizontal electrical contact 6, so that the first interval 10 or the second interval 11 is reduced. When the second vertical electric contact 9 is contacted with the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second horizontal electric contact 8 is contacted with the first horizontal electric contact 6, the power supply piece 14 is conducted with the early warning device 13, so that the early warning device 13 acts to warn that a bolt looseness occurs in a standard section at the position.
Other structures of this embodiment 3 are the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
Example 4
The difference between the early warning device for monitoring loosening of standard section bolts of a tower crane provided in this embodiment 4 and embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment 4, as shown in fig. 8-9, a first transverse electrical contact 6 is disposed at an inner end side of a first structural portion 4 in a horizontal direction, and the first transverse electrical contact 6 is disposed in a direction in which an outer end side of a second structural portion 5 is located; the first vertical electrical contact 7 is arranged on the upper end side of the first structural part 4 in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electrical contact 7 is arranged towards the direction in which the second structural part 5 is located; the second lateral electric contact 8 is disposed on the outer end side of the second structural portion 5 in the horizontal direction, and the second lateral electric contact 8 is disposed toward the direction in which the inner end side of the first structural portion 4 is located; the second vertical electrical contacts 9 are arranged in the vertical direction at the end side of the second structural portion 5 facing the first structural portion 4, and the second vertical electrical contacts 9 are arranged in the direction in which the first structural portion 4 is located.
In the same manner as in the monitoring method of embodiment 1, after the early warning device of embodiment 4 is mounted at the four corners of the standard joint, when the bolts between the upper standard joint 1 and the lower standard joint 2 are loosened, the upper standard joint 1 and the lower standard joint 2 will generate relative displacement in the vertical direction or relative displacement in the horizontal direction, and correspondingly, the second vertical electrical contact 9 will generate relative positions with the first vertical electrical contact 7, the second horizontal electrical contact 8 and the first horizontal electrical contact 6, so that the first interval 10 or the second interval 11 is reduced. When the second vertical electric contact 9 is contacted with the first vertical electric contact 7 and the second horizontal electric contact 8 is contacted with the first horizontal electric contact 6, the power supply piece 14 is conducted with the early warning device 13, so that the early warning device 13 acts to warn that a bolt looseness occurs in a standard section at the position.
Other structures of this embodiment 4 are the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides an early warning device for monitoring loosening of bolts of a standard section of a tower crane, which can indirectly judge whether loosening occurs to bolts fastening two standard sections by monitoring the variation of the distance between two adjacent standard sections, can realize monitoring of the transverse relative displacement and the vertical relative displacement of the standard sections, and has better early warning effect; in addition, the early warning device is light in structure, the first structure part 4 and the second structure part 5 can be installed on the cross rod 3 only through fasteners, the early warning device is easy and quick to install and detach, and subsequent operation is not needed after primary adjustment; in addition, the early warning device does not need to consume electric energy in a normal state, the initially installed power supply piece 14 can meet the requirement of monitoring and early warning of the whole construction period, the use cost is low, and the early warning device is suitable for popularization and use on construction sites. Based on the monitoring and early warning method, after the early warning device is installed on the tower crane, workers on the construction site only need to make a round of a field to observe whether the early warning device on each tower crane has warning information, and whether the relative position of each standard section on the tower crane is found can be rapidly judged, so that the danger of overturning caused by the fact that the tower crane is sent to the standard section by bolts is prevented.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. The utility model provides a monitor tower crane standard festival bolt looseness's early warning device which characterized in that, including set up in the first structure portion of arbitrary standard festival horizontal pole periphery side, set up in adjacent standard festival correspond horizontal pole periphery side second structure portion, first structure portion with second structure portion conductive connection, and
The first structure part is provided with a first transverse electric contact and a first vertical electric contact which face the second structure part, the second structure part is provided with a second transverse electric contact and a second vertical electric contact which face the first structure part, a first interval is formed between the first transverse electric contact and the second transverse electric contact, and a second interval is formed between the first vertical electric contact and the second vertical electric contact;
The first structure part or the second structure part is also provided with an early warning device for presenting warning information to the outside and a power supply part for providing power for the early warning device; and when the first interval and/or the second interval is reduced, and the first transverse electric contact is contacted with the second transverse electric contact and/or the first vertical electric contact is contacted with the second vertical electric contact, the power supply piece and the early warning device are conducted.
2. The warning device of claim 1, wherein a conductive member for conductive connection is flexibly connected between the first and second structural portions.
3. The warning device according to claim 1, wherein an adjusting member for adjusting a length of the second interval is provided on the first structure portion or the second structure portion; the adjusting piece is lifted relative to the first structure part or the second structure part, so that the second vertical electric contact and the first vertical electric contact relatively move, and the length of the second interval is adjusted.
4. The warning device of claim 1, wherein the warning device comprises a warning member and/or a signaling member; when the power supply part and the early warning device are conducted, the warning part sends observable warning information to the outside, and the signal sending part is in communication connection with an external information end and feeds back the warning information.
5. The warning device of claim 1, wherein the first structure portion comprises a first securing member, and a first fastener; the first fixing piece is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cross rod and wraps the upper end side and the lower end side of the cross rod; the first fastener is arranged on the first fixing piece in a penetrating manner and is pressed on the upper end side or the lower end side of the cross rod; the first transverse electric contact and the first vertical electric contact are arranged on the first fixing piece and are oppositely arranged on two sides of the cross rod with the first fastening piece.
6. The warning device of claim 1, wherein the second structure portion includes a second securing member, and a second fastener; the second fixing piece is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cross rod and wraps the upper end side and the lower end side of the cross rod; the second fastening piece is arranged on the second fixing piece in a penetrating mode and is pressed on the upper end side or the lower end side of the cross rod; the second transverse electric contact and the second vertical electric contact are arranged on two sides of the cross rod opposite to the second fastening piece.
7. The warning device of claim 1, wherein the first lateral electrical contact, the second lateral electrical contact, the first vertical electrical contact, and the second vertical electrical contact are each elongated in outline and are each disposed along a length of the cross-bar.
8. The warning device according to claim 1, wherein the first lateral electric contact is provided on an outer end side of the first structural portion in a horizontal direction, and the first lateral electric contact is arranged in a direction in which an inner end side of the second structural portion is located;
The first vertical electric contact is arranged at the lower end side of the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electric contact is arranged towards the direction where the second structural part is located;
The second transverse electric contact is arranged at the inner end side of the second structural part in the horizontal direction, and the second transverse electric contact is arranged towards the direction of the outer end side of the first structural part;
The second vertical electrical contact is arranged in the vertical direction on the end side of the second structural part facing the first structural part, and the second vertical electrical contact is arranged in the direction of the first structural part.
9. The warning device according to claim 1, wherein the first lateral electric contact is provided on an outer end side of the first structural portion in a horizontal direction, and the first lateral electric contact is arranged in a direction in which an inner end side of the second structural portion is located;
the first vertical electric contact is arranged at the upper end side of the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electric contact is arranged towards the direction where the second structural part is located;
The second transverse electric contact is arranged at the inner end side of the second structural part in the horizontal direction, and the second transverse electric contact is arranged towards the direction of the outer end side of the first structural part;
The second vertical electrical contact is arranged in the vertical direction on the end side of the second structural part facing the first structural part, and the second vertical electrical contact is arranged in the direction of the first structural part.
10. The warning device according to claim 1, wherein the first lateral electric contact is provided on an inner end side of the first structural portion in a horizontal direction, and the first lateral electric contact is arranged in a direction in which an outer end side of the second structural portion is located;
The first vertical electric contact is arranged at the lower end side of the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electric contact is arranged towards the direction where the second structural part is located;
The second transverse electric contact is arranged at the outer end side of the second structural part in the horizontal direction, and the second transverse electric contact is arranged towards the direction of the inner end side of the first structural part;
The second vertical electrical contact is arranged in the vertical direction on the end side of the second structural part facing the first structural part, and the second vertical electrical contact is arranged in the direction of the first structural part.
11. The warning device according to claim 1, wherein the first lateral electric contact is provided on an inner end side of the first structural portion in a horizontal direction, and the first lateral electric contact is arranged in a direction in which an outer end side of the second structural portion is located;
The first vertical electric contact is arranged at the upper end side of the first structural part in the vertical direction, and the first vertical electric contact is arranged towards the direction where the second structural part is located;
The second transverse electric contact is arranged at the outer end side of the second structural part in the horizontal direction, and the second transverse electric contact is arranged towards the direction of the inner end side of the first structural part;
The second vertical electrical contact is arranged in the vertical direction on the end side of the second structural part facing the first structural part, and the second vertical electrical contact is arranged in the direction of the first structural part.
12. The warning device of claim 1, wherein the first interval has a length of between 1-3mm and the second interval has a length of between 1-3 mm.
13. An early warning method for monitoring loosening of standard section bolts of a tower crane is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Installing the early warning device according to any one of claims 1 to 12 in two standard knots adjacent to each other in the upper and lower directions, wherein a first structural part is installed on a top cross bar of the standard knot positioned below, a second structural part is installed on a bottom cross bar of the standard knot positioned above, and the top cross bar and the bottom cross bar are mutually close in the vertical direction;
adjusting the positions of the first structure part and the second structure part to form a first interval between the first transverse electric contact and the second transverse electric contact, and form a second interval between the first vertical electric contact and the second vertical electric contact;
When the first interval and/or the second interval are reduced, the first vertical electric contact is contacted with the second vertical electric contact, and/or the first transverse electric contact is contacted with the second transverse electric contact, the power supply piece is conducted with the early warning device, and the early warning device sends early warning information.
14. The method of claim 13, comprising the steps of:
Gaskets are respectively arranged between the first transverse electric contact and the second transverse electric contact as well as between the first vertical electric contact and the second vertical electric contact, so that the first transverse electric contact and the second transverse electric contact are attached to two sides of the gaskets, and the first vertical electric contact and the second vertical electric contact are attached to two sides of the gaskets;
and the gasket is pulled away, the first interval is formed between the first transverse electric contact and the second transverse electric contact, and the second interval is formed between the first vertical electric contact and the second vertical electric contact.
15. The warning method of claim 13 wherein the warning device is disposed toward an inner or outer end side of the standard knot.
16. The method according to claim 13, wherein the number of the early warning devices is plural, and the plural early warning devices are respectively installed on each side face of the standard knot in the circumferential direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410263430.6A CN117842872B (en) | 2024-03-08 | 2024-03-08 | Early warning device and method for monitoring loosening of standard section bolt of tower crane |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410263430.6A CN117842872B (en) | 2024-03-08 | 2024-03-08 | Early warning device and method for monitoring loosening of standard section bolt of tower crane |
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| CN117842872B true CN117842872B (en) | 2024-05-07 |
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| CN202410263430.6A Active CN117842872B (en) | 2024-03-08 | 2024-03-08 | Early warning device and method for monitoring loosening of standard section bolt of tower crane |
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