CN117842403A - Topography mapping technology based on BIM system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a topographic mapping technology based on a BIM system, which belongs to the technical field of topographic mapping and has the technical key points that: unmanned aerial vehicle module and rain-proof module. The method comprises the following steps: the unmanned aerial vehicle module encounters wind and rain in the air; the control module is contacted with rainwater; the control module operates the rainproof module; the rainproof module is used for covering the unmanned aerial vehicle module; the landing module performs landing buffering on the unmanned aerial vehicle module. According to the mapping technology provided by the invention, mapping is performed through the unmanned aerial vehicle module, if a wind and rain are encountered during mapping, the rainproof module can be operated through the control module, and the unmanned aerial vehicle module is protected through the rainproof module, so that rainwater is prevented from entering the unmanned aerial vehicle module, and the unmanned aerial vehicle module is damaged.

Description

Topography mapping technology based on BIM system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of topographic mapping, in particular to a topographic mapping technology based on a BIM system.

Background

Unmanned aerial vehicles, abbreviated as "unmanned aerial vehicles", abbreviated as "UAVs", are unmanned aerial vehicles that are operated by means of radio remote control devices and self-contained programmed control devices, or are operated autonomously, either entirely or intermittently, by an onboard computer.

The method technology of mapping terrains based on BIM is proposed by Autodesk company in 2002, is widely accepted in the industry at present, can help to integrate building information, is integrated in a three-dimensional model information database from the design, construction and operation of a building to the end of the whole life cycle of the building, and can realize collaborative work of staff such as design team, construction unit, facility operation department and owner based on the method of mapping terrains based on BIM, thereby effectively improving working efficiency, saving resources, reducing cost and realizing sustainable development.

The mapping is measurement and drawing, which is based on computer technology, photoelectric technology, network communication technology, space science and information science, uses Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) as technical cores, obtains the graph and position information reflecting the current situation of the ground by measuring means from the existing characteristic points and boundary lines of the ground, and is used for planning design and administration management of engineering construction. Lofting is one of the main contents of engineering survey research, and in the mapping process, sometimes in order to ensure mapping efficiency, a mapping operation needs to be carried by using an unmanned aerial vehicle to carry a mapping mechanism.

In the prior art, when carrying out topography survey and drawing, carry the survey and drawing subassembly usually with unmanned aerial vehicle and carry out topography survey and drawing, but because weather is changeable during the survey and drawing, also easily suffer from fog and rainwater in the high altitude, unmanned aerial vehicle exposes extremely easily impaired or influences its flight in fog and the rainwater this moment, and then probably can cause unmanned aerial vehicle to fall.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that an unmanned aerial vehicle is easy to damage or fall when encountering fog and rainwater in the prior art, and provides a topographic mapping technology based on a BIM system.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a topographic mapping technique based on a BIM system, comprising: the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle module, a rainproof module and a landing module;

the unmanned aerial vehicle module comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle main body, a laser radar module, a computer module and a drawing module, wherein the laser radar module, the computer module and the drawing module are all arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle main body, the rainproof module is divided into a control module and a protection module, and the control module and the protection module are all arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle module.

Preferably, the control module is connected with the protection module.

Preferably, the control module comprises a microprocessor, an input device, an output device, a power supply, a program memory and a configuration memory, wherein the microprocessor, the power supply, the program memory and the configuration memory are all arranged in the unmanned aerial vehicle module, the input device is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle module, and the output device is arranged on the protection module.

Preferably, the protection module comprises a protection cover and a driving device, the protection cover is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle module, the driving device is arranged on the protection cover, and the driving device is connected with the output equipment.

Preferably, the unmanned aerial vehicle module further comprises a camera, the camera is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle main body, and the rainproof module is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle main body.

Preferably, the landing module comprises a connecting frame and a shock absorber, wherein the connecting frame is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the shock absorber is arranged on the connecting frame.

Preferably, the landing module further comprises a positioning device, and the positioning device is arranged on the connecting frame.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a topographic mapping technology based on a BIM system, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. through using unmanned aerial vehicle body to carry out topography survey and drawing, can improve survey and drawing efficiency greatly, reduce the input of manpower and materials to survey and drawing the precision through unmanned aerial vehicle body and can be higher, and then can make survey and drawing the integrality higher.

2. The design of rain-proof module can guarantee that the unmanned aerial vehicle body normally works under bad weather, protects the hardware equipment of unmanned aerial vehicle body not damaged, improves the life of unmanned aerial vehicle body to can protect the unmanned aerial vehicle body through rain-proof module, avoid the unmanned aerial vehicle body to meet with when abrupt heavy fog and heavy rain weather in the sky, the unmanned aerial vehicle body falls, leads to the unable recovery of unmanned aerial vehicle body.

3. The design of control module can realize when unmanned aerial vehicle body encounters fog and rainwater weather, can pass through control module and then control protection module operation, and rethread protection module protects unmanned aerial vehicle body, avoids fog and rainwater in the air to get into inside the unmanned aerial vehicle body to damage unmanned aerial vehicle body inner structure, and can make the rainwater of whereabouts unable impact unmanned aerial vehicle body through protection machanism, and then reduced the risk that the unmanned aerial vehicle body falls.

4. The protection module can protect the unmanned aerial vehicle body, sets up the safety cover in the top of unmanned aerial vehicle body to connect safety cover and drive arrangement, connect drive arrangement and output device, can drive the drive arrangement operation through output device, can drive the safety cover through drive arrangement and open and close, thereby can protect the unmanned aerial vehicle body, avoid fog and rainwater entering unmanned aerial vehicle body.

5. The design of descending module can guarantee stability and security of unmanned aerial vehicle body when descending, avoids the harm that causes the unmanned aerial vehicle body because of descending improperly, and positioner in the descending module can fix a position the unmanned aerial vehicle body to make and descend the back to can carry out comparatively accurate location to the unmanned aerial vehicle body at the unmanned aerial vehicle body, thereby be convenient for follow-up recovery.

6. By applying the BIM system to the topographic mapping technology, three-dimensional modeling of the building can be realized, and powerful support and guidance are provided for subsequent building design, construction and management.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a topographic mapping technique based on a BIM system, comprising: the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle module, a rainproof module and a landing module;

the unmanned aerial vehicle module comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle main body, a laser radar module, a computer module and a drawing module, wherein the laser radar module, the computer module and the drawing module are all arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle main body, the rainproof module is divided into a control module and a protection module, and the control module and the protection module are all arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle module.

In this embodiment, the control module is connected to the protection module.

In this embodiment, the control module includes a microprocessor, an input device, an output device, a power supply, a program memory and a configuration memory, where the microprocessor, the power supply, the program memory and the configuration memory are all disposed in the unmanned aerial vehicle module, the input device is disposed on the unmanned aerial vehicle module, and the output device is disposed on the protection module.

In this embodiment, the protection module includes a protection cover and a driving device, the protection cover is disposed on the unmanned aerial vehicle module, the driving device is disposed on the protection cover, and the driving device is connected with the output device.

In this embodiment, the unmanned aerial vehicle module further includes a camera, the camera is disposed on the unmanned aerial vehicle main body, and the rainproof module is disposed on the unmanned aerial vehicle main body.

In this embodiment, the landing module includes link and bumper shock absorber, the link is arranged in on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the bumper shock absorber sets up on the link.

In this embodiment, the landing module further includes a positioning device, where the positioning device is disposed on the connection frame.

In the present invention, when topographic mapping is performed based on the BIM system:

1. data preparation is required, the detection area is planned and determined, and the unmanned aerial vehicle module is wirelessly connected with the control center.

1.1, when surveying and mapping, unmanned aerial vehicle and control center can carry out wireless connection through following mode:

and A, ensuring that both the unmanned aerial vehicle and the WiFi equipment are opened and work normally.

And B, opening a controller of the unmanned aerial vehicle and connecting the controller with the mobile phone or the tablet personal computer.

And C, opening an application program of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and navigating to a setting option of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the application program.

And D, searching WiFi connection options in the setting, and clicking to enter.

And E, in the WiFi connection option, connecting an available WiFi network list with a mapping control center.

F, inputting the password of the WiFi network (if necessary), and then clicking to connect or confirm.

And G, waiting for a few seconds until the unmanned aerial vehicle is successfully connected to the WiFi network selected by the user.

1.2, when surveying and mapping, unmanned aerial vehicle and control center can also carry out wireless connection through following mode:

and A, entering a mobile phone setting interface, and clicking [ Bluetooth ] in the setting options.

And B, opening a sliding block on the right side of the Bluetooth option.

And C, after the Bluetooth function of the mobile phone is started, waiting for scanning a signal of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the lower signal, and then clicking to successfully connect.

The advantages and disadvantages of the two connection modes are as follows:

and WIFI connection. The advantages are fast connection speed, stable transmission and low cost; the disadvantage is that the connection distance is limited and is susceptible to signal blocking.

Bluetooth connection. The advantages are low power consumption, low cost and easy connection; the disadvantage is short connection distance and large signal interference.

2. According to the relevant route requirements, the unmanned plane module is controlled to fly and shoot, and the angle of the camera can be changed during shooting, so that multiple measurement shooting is performed.

2.1, during mapping, camera selection can be performed according to specific mapping budget when shooting, wherein some common high-resolution camera brands include:

a: goPro: this is a very popular high resolution camera that can be mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The GoPro camera has high definition, high frame rate and high quality video capabilities.

DJIOsmo: the stabilizer is specially designed for unmanned aerial vehicles and other mobile devices, and can be used for installing high-resolution cameras. The Osmo camera has excellent image stability and high-quality video performance.

C, phantom 4RTK: the unmanned aerial vehicle with the high-precision RTK module can be provided with a high-resolution camera. The Phantom 4RTK unmanned aerial vehicle has high-precision positioning and stable flight performance, and is suitable for topographic mapping and other high-precision applications.

In addition to the brands above, there are many other high resolution cameras available, which you can choose according to their own needs and budget. Whichever camera is selected, attention is paid to the resolution, frame rate, image quality and other performance metrics of the camera to ensure that high quality terrain data is acquired.

3. After the topographic mapping is completed, data are usually required to be processed, and images shot by the camera are transmitted to a control center and comprehensively analyzed, so that a three-dimensional stereo graph of a mapping target can be obtained.

3.1, after finishing the topographic mapping, transmitting the image shot by the camera to a control center, the following steps are needed to be carried out to comprehensively analyze and obtain the three-dimensional stereo graph of the mapping target:

and A, data preprocessing: the transmitted image is preprocessed, including radiation calibration, atmosphere correction, geometric correction and the like, so as to eliminate image distortion and noise.

And B, image registration: registering the plurality of images to determine the spatial positional relationship between the images, thereby being capable of constructing a complete three-dimensional scene.

And C, three-dimensional reconstruction: and acquiring a three-dimensional model of the target by utilizing the registered images through three-dimensional reconstruction algorithms, such as dense matching, point cloud generation, curved surface reconstruction and the like.

D, data filtering and optimizing: and carrying out data filtering and optimization on the reconstructed three-dimensional model to remove noise and abnormal values and improve the quality of the model.

E, three-dimensional visualization: and finally, importing the processed data into three-dimensional visualization software to generate a three-dimensional figure of the mapping target. The visualization software can select different platforms according to requirements, such as AutoCAD, arcGIS, cityEngine and the like.

In the whole process, various technical means such as GIS technology, computer vision technology, image processing technology and the like are required to be utilized for analyzing and processing data. The three-dimensional graph obtained finally can provide important data support for the fields of planning decision, terrain analysis, environmental protection, disaster early warning and the like.

When mapping terrains based on the BIM system, image information can be obtained in the same position in an omnibearing way by rotating the angle of the camera, accumulation of invalid information for many times is avoided, accuracy of data acquisition is improved, time for acquiring images is shortened, and working efficiency is improved.

When surveying and mapping is carried out, the unmanned aerial vehicle body hovers above a surveying and mapping area, the camera of the rotary camera is used for surveying and mapping, the camera is at a certain inclination angle when the camera is rotated, the surveying and mapping area is approximately divided into 8 areas, and therefore the camera can rotate 45 degrees for one time at the moment, after rotation is completed, the camera can process photographed pictures and transmit the pictures to a control center, and therefore follow-up data processing is completed.

During the topographic mapping, the BIM system has the following functions and specific operation procedures:

with the continuous development of Building Information Model (BIM) technology, its application range has exceeded the traditional building design and construction field. Topographic mapping using BIM technology has become a new trend in the construction industry. The steps of mapping a map using BIM techniques will be described in detail herein to aid the reader in better understanding and applying such methods.

1. Early preparation

A, determining a mapping target: the range and target of the terrain to be mapped are defined, including the terrain features, buildings, vegetation, etc.

B, collecting data: relevant topography, satellite images, photogrammetry data, etc. are collected for use in modeling.

C, preparing hardware equipment: including high performance computers, displays, mice, keyboards, scanners, etc., to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of the modeling process.

D, installing BIM software: suitable BIM software, such as AutoDesk Revit, archicad, etc., is selected and installed on the computer.

2. Building BIM model

Importing a topographic map and satellite images: the collected topography and satellite images are imported into the BIM software as the basis data for modeling.

B, creating a topographic surface: a surface creation tool using BIM software creates a terrain surface from the terrain map and the satellite image.

And C, adding buildings and vegetation: building tools using BIM software add buildings and vegetation based on the collected data and field surveys.

Adding roads and other facilities: vehicles using BIM software add traffic facilities such as roads, bridges, tunnels, and the like.

And E, detail adjustment: and the model is subjected to detail adjustment, including height, angle, material and the like, so that the accuracy and the attractiveness of the model are ensured.

3. Data export and processing

A, deriving map data: map data is exported into commonly used map formats, such as DXF, DWG, etc., using export functions of BIM software.

B, processing map data: the derived map data is processed using GIS software (e.g., arcGIS), including coordinate conversion, data format conversion, and the like.

C, making a map base map: and importing the processed map data into map making software to make a map base map meeting the requirements.

4. Summary and hope

Through the above steps, we have completed the process of mapping maps using BIM technology. Compared with the traditional mapping method, the BIM technology has higher precision and efficiency, and can realize more visual and three-dimensional map expression forms. In the future, with the continuous development of BIM technology, we believe that BIM technology will be widely used in more fields, and bring more convenience and innovation to mapping work.

Wherein a more accurate and comprehensive means of data collection and analysis is provided. By means of BIM technology, mapping engineers can collect and analyze information such as actual size, material properties, layout and the like of a building by using three-dimensional modeling software, and human errors in a traditional mapping method are avoided.

Multidisciplinary collaboration and information sharing are achieved. BIM technology provides a shared platform so that engineers of different professions can work cooperatively in the same three-dimensional model. For example, structural engineers may acquire geometric data of a building through BIM technology and perform structural analysis using it as a basis.

Wherein, unmanned aerial vehicle module: the unmanned plane module is the core of the whole system and is responsible for carrying various sensors and equipment to perform mapping tasks. The unmanned aerial vehicle module can adopt a four-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle or a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle, and is particularly dependent on the requirements and the environment of topographic mapping.

In this embodiment, unmanned aerial vehicle module divide into unmanned aerial vehicle body and camera, and the camera sets up in the below of unmanned aerial vehicle body generally, can be convenient for survey and drawing the operation like this, when surveying and drawing, hover through unmanned aerial vehicle body generally, rethread camera is made a video recording the below survey and drawing area this moment, and then can accomplish subsequent survey and drawing.

In the present invention, when the unmanned aerial vehicle module encounters fog during mapping and heavy rain weather:

1. since the control module includes the input device, and the input device is disposed on the surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle body (generally disposed above the unmanned aerial vehicle body), if rainfall or fogging occurs during mapping, the following procedure is performed:

a, sensing raindrops: one or more input devices (such as a rain sensor or an optical rain sensor) are mounted on the drone body. These sensors can sense raindrops or drop on unmanned aerial vehicle body surface to give control module with signal transmission.

B, receiving induction signals: after receiving the signal of the raindrop sensor, the control module can perform further processing. This process may include determining the number, speed, direction, etc. of raindrops.

C, judging and making a decision: the control module judges whether the rainproof module needs to be opened or not according to the received induction signals and a preset threshold value. If the sensed number of raindrops exceeds a threshold, or if the speed and direction of the raindrops are determined to be likely to cause damage to the drone, the control module may make a decision to turn on the rain module.

D, sending an instruction: the control module sends instructions to the rainproof module through output equipment (such as a relay or other drivers) to enable the rainproof module to start working.

E, operating a rainproof module: after the rainproof module receives the instruction, the driving device of the rainproof module can be driven, so that the protective cover is opened.

F, monitoring the state: the control module continuously monitors the signal of the rain sensor and the status of the protective cover. If the sensed raindrop number is reduced or stopped, or the protective cover is opened successfully, the control module stops sending instructions, so that the protective cover is kept in the current state.

And G, closing the protective cover: if the control module judges that rain stops or there is no longer a danger of getting rainy, the control module may close the protective cover according to preset conditions. This process may include sending a shut-down command to the drive of the rain protection module and then monitoring its status until it is confirmed that the protective cover is completely closed.

Wherein, rain-proof module: the rainproof module is divided into a control module and a protection module. The control module typically includes a microprocessor (which is the core of the control module and is responsible for processing input signals, executing algorithms, issuing instructions, etc.), input devices (including sensors, switches, etc. for receiving external signals and delivering them to the microprocessor or microcontroller), output devices (e.g., motors, etc. for executing instructions of the microprocessor or microcontroller), a power supply (for providing the control module with the required power), program memory (for storing programs and data, possibly including ROM, RAM, etc.), and configuration memory (for storing configuration information of the device, such as baud rate, IP address, etc.). These devices are all provided on the drone module. The protection module comprises a protection cover and a driving device. The protection cover can protect the unmanned aerial vehicle module from the influence of external environment, such as rainwater, dust, fog and the like. The driving device is arranged on the protective cover and used for driving the protective cover to open and close so as to protect the unmanned aerial vehicle module, and when the unmanned aerial vehicle module is particularly used, the output device is connected with the driving device.

In the present invention, when the unmanned aerial vehicle module makes a landing, in order to avoid damage to the unmanned aerial vehicle module by impact force generated by the landing during the landing, a landing module is provided on the unmanned aerial vehicle module.

When the unmanned aerial vehicle module descends:

a, preparing landing: when the unmanned aerial vehicle body needs to land, an operator can start a landing module. The link passes through fixing device or other mode with the unmanned aerial vehicle main part and is connected, ensures the stability and the bearing capacity of link.

And B, damping absorption: in the unmanned aerial vehicle body landing process, the shock absorber can absorb impact force to reduce the influence of landing to the unmanned aerial vehicle body. This can effectively protect the internal structure and performance of the unmanned aerial vehicle body.

C, starting a positioning device: the operator may activate the positioning device by means of a control device or an automatic mode. The positioning device can position according to preset coordinates or target places so as to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle body can accurately land on the target places.

And D, posture adjustment: during landing, if the attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle body needs to be adjusted, an operator can operate through a control device or an automatic mode. The positioning device can adjust according to the real-time gesture of unmanned aerial vehicle body to ensure that unmanned aerial vehicle body can drop steadily.

E, safe landing: when the unmanned aerial vehicle body approaches the target site, the operator can adjust the speed and the gesture of the unmanned aerial vehicle body to enable the unmanned aerial vehicle body to stably land at the target site. In the process, the shock absorber and the positioning device can work cooperatively to ensure the safe landing of the unmanned aerial vehicle body.

F, finishing landing: when the drone body is successfully landed at the target site, the operator may close the landing module and inspect and maintain it. The operator can record data and experience for later use and improvement if desired.

It should be noted that the specific operation steps may vary depending on the design, application scenario and technical requirements of the unmanned aerial vehicle. Furthermore, to ensure safety and stability, operators need to receive the relevant training and follow the operating procedure.

And (3) a landing module: the landing module includes a link and a shock absorber. The link sets up on the unmanned aerial vehicle body for connect descending module and unmanned aerial vehicle module. The shock absorber is arranged on the connecting frame and used for absorbing impact force when the unmanned aerial vehicle falls, so that influence on the unmanned aerial vehicle is reduced. In addition, the landing module further comprises a positioning device for determining the position and the posture of the unmanned aerial vehicle so as to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle can accurately land on the target site.

When performing topographic mapping, first, various sensors and devices are mounted using an unmanned aerial vehicle module to perform mapping tasks. In the mapping process, the control module can control the flight track and action of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the protection module can protect the unmanned aerial vehicle from the influence of external environment. When the unmanned aerial vehicle needs to land, the connecting frame and the shock absorber of the landing module can absorb impact force, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle is protected from damage. Meanwhile, the positioning device can determine the position and the gesture of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle can accurately land on a target place.

By the aid of the embodiment, the topographic mapping technology based on the BIM system can achieve topographic mapping with high efficiency and high precision, and can adapt to various complex environments and weather conditions.

The working flow of the invention is as follows:

1. taking off of the unmanned aerial vehicle: starting the unmanned aerial vehicle to lift the unmanned aerial vehicle off.

And 2, data acquisition: in the unmanned aerial vehicle flight process, the laser radar module can gather topography data, and the computer module can record the data of gathering and analyze simultaneously. And the drawing module draws a topographic map according to the acquired data.

3. And (3) data processing: after the unmanned aerial vehicle lands, the acquired data and the processing result are transmitted to a computer, and professional software is utilized for data processing and topographic map drawing to generate a detailed map.

4. Map analysis: the generated map may be analyzed as needed to extract useful information such as topography, building distribution, etc.

5. Application output: the map and the analysis result are applied to the fields requiring topographic mapping, such as urban planning, land resource investigation, environmental protection and the like.

6. And (3) system maintenance: and the unmanned aerial vehicle and the modules thereof are regularly maintained and maintained, so that the stability and the precision of the system are ensured. Meanwhile, the used computer and other equipment are also maintained and upgraded so as to ensure the speed and quality of data processing.

7. Updating the map: over time, topography may change. Therefore, map updating is required to be performed regularly to ensure accuracy and practicality of the map.

The system needs to be maintained and updated regularly, so that the stability and the safety of the system are ensured. Meanwhile, with the change of market and user demands, the system also needs to continuously upgrade and perfect the functional modules and service contents.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any person skilled in the art, based on the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, can be replaced or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A topographic mapping technique based on a BIM system, comprising: the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle module, a rainproof module and a landing module;

the unmanned aerial vehicle module comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle main body, a laser radar module, a computer module and a drawing module, wherein the laser radar module, the computer module and the drawing module are all arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle main body, the rainproof module is divided into a control module and a protection module, and the control module and the protection module are all arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle module.

2. The nim-based topography mapping technique of claim 1, wherein the control module is coupled to the protection module.

3. The topographic mapping technique based on the BIM system of claim 2, wherein the control module includes a microprocessor, an input device, an output device, a power source, a program memory and a configuration memory, the microprocessor, the power source, the program memory and the configuration memory are all disposed in an unmanned aerial vehicle module, the input device is disposed on the unmanned aerial vehicle module, and the output device is disposed on the protection module.

4. A BIM-system-based terrain mapping technique according to claim 3, wherein the protection module includes a protective cover and a driving device, the protective cover being provided on the unmanned aerial vehicle module, the driving device being provided on the protective cover, the driving device being connected with the output device.

5. The BIM-system-based terrain mapping technique of claim 4, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle module further comprises a camera disposed on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the rain protection module is disposed on the unmanned aerial vehicle body.

6. The building information modeling system (BIM) -based terrain mapping technique according to claim 5, wherein the landing module comprises a connecting frame and a shock absorber, the connecting frame is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the shock absorber is arranged on the connecting frame.

7. The nim-based topography mapping technique of claim 6, wherein the landing module further comprises a positioning device, the positioning device being disposed on a connection frame.