CN117832833A

CN117832833A - Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN117832833A
Application number: CN202211190439.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘珂鑫
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-28
Filing date: 2022-09-28
Publication date: 2024-04-05
Also published as: WO2024067109A1

Abstract

The application provides an antenna structure and electronic equipment, wherein the antenna structure comprises a circuit board, a plurality of groups of antenna units and a feed point; wherein the feed point is located on the circuit board; each group of antenna elements comprises: the radiating branches and the transmission lines are arranged at intervals along the periphery side of the circuit board; the first end of the transmission line is electrically connected with the feed point, the second end of the transmission line is electrically connected with the first end of the radiation branch knot, and a first interval is arranged between the second end of the radiation branch knot and the first end of the radiation branch knot of the adjacent group; and the second end of the radiation branch is an open end, or the second end of the radiation branch is electrically connected with a grounding point on the circuit board through a low-pass high-resistance element.

Description

Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna structure and electronic equipment.

Background

With the improvement of the living standard of people, people often go out to play, and when playing, due to the fact that the flow of people is large, people of different rows can often walk away, and important things on the bodies are also often lost. Especially in the case of old people, children or pets, children and old people are easy to walk away, so that potential safety hazards are caused to personal safety of people. In addition, the loss of some valuable articles can also cause inconvenience to the life of people.

Wireless anti-lost devices have emerged to facilitate the search for lost items and for stray people or pets. The wireless anti-lost device in the related art generally includes an antenna unit, wherein a low frequency radiator and a high frequency radiator are provided on the antenna unit, and the low frequency radiator and the high frequency radiator are disposed at intervals along a thickness direction of the antenna unit so that the antenna unit can receive or transmit low frequency and high frequency signals. Therefore, the mobile phone can be used for positioning the wireless anti-lost device, and the problems of searching lost articles, figures or pets are solved.

In addition, with the development of WIFI technology, WIFI frequency bands are more and more, and a WIFI antenna which is provided with multiple frequency bands and can be covered in all directions is required to be designed.

However, the antenna structure in the wireless anti-lost device and the WIFI device in the related art is complicated, resulting in a large volume.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an antenna structure and electronic equipment, this antenna structure's small, conveniently carry, can solve among the correlation technique wireless anti-lost device structure complicacy, difficult portable technical problem.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna structure comprising a circuit board, a plurality of sets of antenna elements, and a feed point; wherein the feed point is located on the circuit board; each group of the antenna units comprises: the radiation branches and the transmission lines are arranged at intervals along the periphery side of the circuit board; the first end of the transmission line is electrically connected with the feed point, the second end of the transmission line is electrically connected with the first end of the radiation branch, and a first interval is arranged between the second end of the radiation branch and the first end of the radiation branch of the adjacent group; and the second end of the radiation branch is an open end, or the second end of the radiation branch is electrically connected with a grounding point on the circuit board through a low-pass high-resistance element, and the low-pass high-resistance element is used for passing low-frequency resistance high frequency.

According to the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the application, the circuit board, the plurality of groups of antenna units and the feed points are arranged, so that the antenna structure has the function of transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves; by electrically connecting the first end of the transmission line with the feed point, the second end of the transmission line is electrically connected with the first end of the radiating branch, the second end of the radiating branch is an open end, or the second end of the radiating branch is electrically connected with the grounding point on the circuit board through the low-pass high-resistance element, the radiating branch can be more easily excited to a second resonance mode (3/4 wavelength mode) so as to increase the bandwidth; the low-pass high-resistance element is arranged at the second end of the radiation branch, one end of the low-pass high-resistance element is electrically connected with the second end of the radiation branch, and the other end of the low-pass high-resistance element is electrically connected with a grounding point on the circuit board, so that the antenna structure can form a left-right hand combined mode to cover a low frequency band. Through set up a radiation branch in every antenna unit, just can cover low frequency channel and high frequency channel, need set up solitary low frequency radiator and high frequency radiator for among the correlation technique, the antenna structure that provides in this application embodiment can cover high frequency channel and low frequency channel through a radiation branch to make antenna structure's simple structure, small, and then can reduce the volume that is provided with this antenna structure's anti-lost label, and then make this anti-lost label more conveniently carry.

In one possible implementation, the radiating branches of each group of the antenna elements comprise: the first radiation branches and the second radiation branches of each group of antenna units are arranged at intervals along the periphery side of the circuit board; the first end of the transmission line is electrically connected with the feed point, the second end of the transmission line is electrically connected with the first end of the first radiation branch of the same group, a gap is formed between the second end of the first radiation branch and the first end of the second radiation branch of the same group, and a first interval is formed between the second end of the second radiation branch and the first end of the first radiation branch of an adjacent group; the gap spacing is smaller than the first spacing in the circumferential direction of the radiation branches.

In one possible implementation, one end of the low-pass high-resistance element is electrically connected to the second end of the second radiation branch of the same group, and the other end of the low-pass high-resistance element is electrically connected to a ground point on the circuit board.

By designing the radiating branches of each group of antenna units to include a structure of a first radiating branch and a second radiating branch, and disposing slits in the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch of the same group, the first resonance (1/2 wavelength mode) and the second resonance (3/4 wavelength mode) of each group of radiating branches can be excited, so that the antenna structure can cover a first frequency band and a second frequency band in a high frequency band, wherein a frequency range corresponding to the first frequency band is smaller than a frequency range corresponding to the second frequency band. Compared with the related art, only one first frequency band can be covered, the antenna structure in the embodiment of the invention has wider frequency bandwidth, so that more electronic devices (for example, electronic devices with higher frequency) can be allowed to be in communication connection with the antenna structure, and the applicability of the antenna structure is improved. It can be understood that the wireless communication relationship can be established between the antennas with partially overlapped frequency bandwidths, so that when the frequency bandwidth of the antenna structure is increased, the number of devices connected with the antenna structure can be increased, and the applicability of the antenna structure is improved. In addition, the length of the radiation branch can be increased by arranging the gaps, so that the radiation branch can radiate in a larger area, and the radiation efficiency is improved.

In one possible implementation, the low-pass high-resistance elements in each set of the antenna elements comprise an inductance, a distributed inductance, or a filter.

The second end of the radiating branch is grounded by arranging the low-pass high-resistance element to be in a structure comprising an inductor, a distributed inductor or a filter, and the third resonance of the radiating branch can be excited by the inductor due to the characteristic of low-pass high resistance, so that the antenna structure can cover a third frequency band, wherein the third frequency band is a low frequency band, and the frequency range of the third frequency band is lower than that of the first frequency band and the second frequency band. Therefore, the antenna structure can cover a low frequency band and a high frequency band, so that the bandwidth of the antenna structure is increased, and the applicability is improved. In addition, the inductor has a simple structure, and the structure of the antenna structure can be simplified, so that the volume of the anti-lost tag using the antenna structure can be reduced, and the anti-lost tag is more convenient to carry.

In one possible implementation, the low-pass high-resistance element in each group of the antenna units is an inductance, and inductance values of the inductances in each group of the antenna units are the same.

The inductance values set by the inductances in the antenna units of each group are the same, so that the antenna structure can be in a rotationally symmetrical structure, and the radiation branches excite third resonance to cover a third frequency band and have lower directivity coefficient.

In one possible implementation, the low-pass high-resistance element in each group of the antenna units is an inductance, and inductance values of the inductances in at least two groups of the antenna units in each group of the antenna units are different.

Different resonances can be excited through different inductance values of the inductances of at least two groups of antenna units in each group of antenna units, different low-frequency range is further covered, and wider low-frequency bandwidth is formed, so that the requirement of an antenna structure on the low-frequency bandwidth is met, different requirements are met, and the applicability of the antenna structure is improved.

In one possible implementation, the second radiation branches of the radiation branches in each group of the antenna units have lengths in the circumferential direction of the radiation branches smaller than λ/2, where λ is a medium wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of a resonant frequency in a 1/2 wavelength mode.

By having the second radiating stub have a length in the circumferential direction of the radiating stub that is less than lambda/2, the gap is further prevented from being located at the first end of the radiating stub, e.g. at the end of the radiating stub that is connected to the transmission line. So as to ensure that the radiation branch is easier to excite the second resonance (3/4 wavelength mode), thereby enabling the antenna unit to cover the second frequency band in the high frequency band, and further enabling the antenna structure to cover a wider frequency range, so as to improve the applicability of the antenna structure.

In one possible implementation, in the radiation stub circumference direction, a ratio of a length of the first radiation stub of the radiation stub in each group of the antenna units to a length of the radiation stub is 1/3 or more and 1/2 or less.

By setting the ratio of the length of the first radiating branch to the length of the radiating branch in each group of antenna units to be greater than or equal to 1/3 and less than or equal to 1/2, the slot can be located at a position on the radiating branch where the current is weaker so as to excite the second resonance (3/4 wavelength mode) more easily, so that the antenna units can cover the second frequency band in the high frequency band, and the antenna structure can cover a wider frequency range, thereby improving the applicability of the antenna structure.

In one possible implementation, the transmission line in at least one group of the antenna units has a bending section thereon.

By arranging the bending section on the transmission line in at least one group of antenna units so as to adjust the resonance mode of the antenna units, the first resonance (1/2 wavelength mode) can cover the first frequency band, and the second resonance (3/4 wavelength mode) can cover the second frequency band, so that the accuracy of the frequency bandwidth covered by the antenna structure is improved, and communication connection between electronic devices is easier to establish.

In one possible implementation, the antenna units are four groups, and two adjacent groups of the antenna units in the four groups of the antenna units are rotationally symmetrical by 90 ° relative to the feed point.

By arranging four groups of antenna units and enabling two adjacent groups of antenna units in the four groups of antenna units to be rotationally symmetrical by 90 degrees relative to a feed point, the four groups of antenna units of the antenna structure can radiate uniformly, and then the directivity coefficient is reduced.

In one possible implementation, the first and second radiating branches of each set of the antenna elements are located outside the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board, and the first and second radiating branches of each set of the antenna elements and the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board have the same or different second spacing therebetween in the radial direction of the circuit board.

By locating the first radiating stub and the second radiating stub of each group of antenna elements outside the peripheral edge of the circuit board, more space can be reserved on the circuit board for placing other devices on the circuit board; in addition, by providing the second interval in the radial direction of the circuit board between the first and second radiating branches of each group of antenna elements and the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board, the first and second radiating branches can have more radiating spaces, thereby improving the radiation efficiency.

In one possible implementation, the second interval is in the range of 0.5-2 mm.

In one possible implementation, the first spacing is greater than 1mm.

By setting the first interval to be greater than or equal to 1mm, the first interval can separate two adjacent antenna units, and signal interference occurs between the adjacent antenna units.

In one possible embodiment, the gap spacing is less than or equal to 1mm in the circumferential direction of the radiation branches.

By setting the gap to be greater than or equal to 1mm, it is ensured that the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 can be coupled to each other, thereby realizing more antenna modes.

In one possible implementation, the inductance of the low-pass high-resistance element is in the range of 3-15 nH.

In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including the antenna structure described above.

According to the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the application, due to the fact that the antenna structure of the first aspect is arranged, the antenna structure is small in size and convenient to assemble, and the covered bandwidth is large, so that the electronic device provided with the antenna structure can achieve the performance of multi-band omni-directional coverage.

In one possible implementation, the electronic device is an anti-lost tag, and the antenna structure includes an ultra-wideband UWB antenna.

When electronic equipment in this application embodiment is anti-lost label, through setting up the antenna structure of first aspect, because this antenna structure's simple structure, small, so the volume of this anti-lost label also can set up less, and then can reduce the volume of anti-lost label to make this anti-lost label conveniently carry. The antenna structure of the first aspect can be suitable for more electronic devices because of larger frequency bandwidth, and can be connected with more electronic devices in different frequency ranges, so that the applicability of the anti-lost tag is improved. In addition, the bandwidth of the antenna structure is very wide, so that the antenna structure can be matched with electronic equipment for accurate positioning, people or objects with the anti-lost tag can be conveniently found, and lost objects or scattered people or pets and the like can be conveniently found.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an anti-lost tag according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3A is a top view of the structure shown in FIG. 2;

Fig. 3B is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna structure according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 4 is an S-parameter diagram of the structure shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram showing current distribution corresponding to different resonant modes of the structure shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of current distribution corresponding to different resonant modes of the structure shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5C is a schematic diagram showing current distribution corresponding to different resonant modes of the structure shown in FIG. 2;

fig. 6 is another top view of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a comparison of the S-parameter diagrams of the structures shown in FIGS. 2 and 6;

FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram of current distribution corresponding to different resonant modes of the structure shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8B is a schematic diagram of current distribution corresponding to different resonant modes of the structure shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8C is a schematic diagram of current distribution corresponding to different resonant modes of the structure shown in FIG. 6;

fig. 9 is another schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a top view of the structure shown in FIG. 9;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a first surface of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure disposed on a substrate;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second surface of the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application disposed on a substrate;

Fig. 13 is a comparison of S-parameter diagrams of the structures shown in fig. 6 and 9;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the current distribution of the third resonant mode of the structure shown in FIG. 9;

fig. 15 is a schematic view of the antenna direction of the structure shown in fig. 9;

fig. 16 is a comparison chart of S parameter diagrams when inductance values of inductances in the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application are the same and different;

fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of an antenna direction when inductance values of inductances in an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application are the same;

fig. 18 is another schematic diagram of the antenna direction when the inductance value of the inductance in the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is different;

fig. 19 is a comparison chart of S parameter diagrams with the same inductance value and different inductance values of the inductance in the antenna structure according to the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 20 is a graph comparing radiation efficiency curves when inductance values of inductances in the antenna structure are the same and different;

FIG. 21 is a graph showing the comparison of system efficiency curves for the same inductance and different inductance in the antenna structure according to the embodiments of the present application;

fig. 22 is a comparison chart of S parameter diagrams when inductance values of inductances in the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application are the same and different;

fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of an antenna direction when inductance values of inductances in an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application are the same;

Fig. 24 is a schematic diagram of antenna directions when inductance values of inductances in an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application are different;

fig. 25 is a schematic diagram of an antenna direction when inductance values of inductances in an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application are the same;

fig. 26 is a schematic diagram of antenna directions when inductance values of inductances in the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application are different.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1000-anti-lost labels; a 100-antenna structure; 200-Bluetooth chip; 300-UWB chip;

400-upper layer processing chip; 500-tag body;

110-an antenna unit; 120-feeding points; 130-a circuit board; 140-supporting plates;

111-radiating branches; 111 a-a first end of the radiating stub; 111 b-a second end of the radiating stub;

1111—a first radiation branch; 1112-a second radiation branch; 1113-slit;

112-transmission lines; 112 a-a first end of the transmission line; 112 b-a second end of the transmission line; 1121-bending;

113-a first interval; 114-a second interval; 115-low pass high resistance element.

Detailed Description

The terminology used in the description section of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments of the present application only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application.

An anti-lost Tag (Tag) is an electronic device for locating an object by a wireless communication method and then finding the object. The anti-lost tag is small in general size, and can be conveniently carried, so that an object provided with the anti-lost tag is positioned, and the object carrying the anti-lost tag or a person or a pet carrying the anti-lost tag can be found.

In general, the anti-lost tag needs to have an ability to emit electromagnetic waves in three frequency bands, a low frequency band (bluetooth frequency band), a high frequency band UWB CH5 frequency band and UWB CH9, wherein the low frequency band (bluetooth frequency band) may be, for example, 2400MHz-2483.5MHz, the high frequency band may employ Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, the high frequency band may include UWB CH5 frequency band and UWB CH9 frequency band, the UWB CH5 frequency band may be, for example, 6240MHz-6739.2MHz,UWB CH9 frequency band and the frequency band may be, for example, 7737.6MHz-8236.8MHz.

The Bluetooth can enable the anti-lost tag to have low-power-consumption connection capability, and the UWB technology can be matched with the terminal equipment for use due to the fact that the Bluetooth is wide in bandwidth, for example, the anti-lost tag can be accurately positioned through communication connection between the anti-lost tag and the terminal equipment, for example, after the mobile phone is connected with the anti-lost tag, the mobile phone can accurately position the anti-lost tag, and further people can find lost objects, scattered people or pets.

However, the wireless anti-lost device provided in the related art can only cover the UWB CH5 frequency band of the low frequency band (bluetooth frequency band) and the high frequency band, but cannot cover the UWB CH9 frequency band, thereby resulting in insufficient bandwidth of the wireless anti-lost device, which may result in that only a terminal device that partially satisfies the condition can be connected to the wireless anti-lost device, for example, when the terminal device is a mobile phone, only a mobile phone of a model that satisfies the bandwidth of the wireless anti-lost device can be connected to the wireless anti-lost device due to insufficient bandwidth of the wireless anti-lost device, that is, a mobile phone of some models cannot establish communication connection due to the fact that the radiation bandwidth is not within the range of the bandwidth of the wireless anti-lost device, that is, the wireless anti-lost device in the related art cannot achieve general applicability, thereby resulting in lower applicability of the wireless anti-lost device.

In addition, UWB occupies a wide bandwidth, and thus requires a strict limitation on the energy of the radio frequency electromagnetic wave emitted by it, so as to avoid interference with other coexisting wireless applications. In general, the equivalent omni-directional radiated power (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power, EIRP) of the device is below regulatory limits, e.g., EIRP less than-41.3 dBm/MHz. The EIRP is the product of the radio frequency line conducted power and the antenna system efficiency and the antenna directivity coefficient. Therefore, by adopting the antenna with smaller antenna directivity coefficient, smaller EIRP can be obtained, and interference of the anti-lost tag to other coexisting wireless applications is avoided. The other coexisting wireless references can be mobile phones, tablet computers, intelligent screens, intelligent sound boxes and other electronic devices.

The antenna unit of the wireless anti-lost device in the related art comprises a low-frequency radiator and a high-frequency radiator, and the low-frequency radiator and the high-frequency radiator are arranged separately, so that the wireless anti-lost device in the related art is complex in structure, large in occupied space, unfavorable for assembly and unfavorable for the miniaturization development of the wireless anti-lost device. In addition, with the development of WIFI technology, the required frequency band of WIFI is more and more, and the WIFI antenna that can be covered by the multiaspect is needed.

In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the application provides a scheme of an antenna structure, which has small volume, is convenient to assemble, has large covered bandwidth and can be used for multi-band omni-directional coverage. The anti-lost device is applied to an anti-lost device, the capability of positioning the position of a tag of a mobile phone or other terminal equipment can be improved, that is, the anti-lost device can adapt to more terminal equipment, and the universal applicability is good. The method can also be applied to WIFI equipment to realize WIFI multi-band use. The WIFI device may be a device supporting WIFI input or output, such as a router, a notebook computer, a mobile phone, and an IPAD.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an electronic device, which may be an anti-lost tag 1000, where the anti-lost tag 1000 may include an antenna structure 100, a chip and a tag body 500, where the antenna structure 100 and the chip are both disposed on the tag body 500. Illustratively, the chips include a bluetooth chip 200, a UMB chip 300, and an upper layer processing chip 400, wherein the upper layer processing chip 400 is electrically connected to the bluetooth chip 200 and the UWB chip 300, respectively, and the bluetooth chip 200 and the UWB chip 300 are electrically connected to the antenna structure 100.

The anti-lost tag 1000 provided in the embodiment of the application can be directly placed on an object or a person to be positioned when in use, and then is in communication connection with the electronic tag by using terminal equipment such as a mobile phone, and thus when the substance needs to be found, the anti-lost tag 1000 can be positioned by using the terminal equipment such as the mobile phone. For example, the anti-lost tag 1000 may be placed in a wallet or the anti-lost tag 1000 may be hung on a key fob, so that when the wallet or the key is lost, the anti-lost tag 1000 provided on the wallet or the key fob may be positioned by using a mobile phone or a terminal device, so that the wallet or the key may be found through the anti-lost tag 1000.

It should be noted that, the shape of the anti-lost tag 1000 does not limit the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application, for example, the shape of the anti-lost tag 1000 may be a circular shape, a square shape or other special-shaped structures, for example, a circular structure with cartoon characters may be made.

The anti-lost tag 1000 in the embodiment of the application is provided with the antenna structure 100, and the antenna structure 100 is simple in structure and small in size, so that the size of the anti-lost tag 1000 can be smaller, and the size of the anti-lost tag 1000 can be reduced, so that the anti-lost tag 1000 is convenient to carry. Since the antenna structure 100 of the first aspect covers a larger frequency bandwidth, it can accommodate more electronic devices and can connect with more electronic devices in different frequency ranges, thereby increasing the applicability of the anti-lost tag 1000. In addition, because the bandwidth of the antenna structure 100 is very wide, the antenna structure can be accurately positioned by matching with electronic equipment, so that people or objects with the anti-lost tag 1000 can be conveniently searched, and lost objects, scattered people or pets and the like can be conveniently searched.

The following describes the antenna structure of the embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 2, the antenna structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the antenna structure 100 may include a circuit board 130, a plurality of groups of antenna units 110, and a feeding point 120; the feeding point 120 may be located at the center of the circuit board 130, however, in other embodiments, the feeding point 120 may be located at other positions of the circuit board 130, which is not further limited in the embodiments of the present application; each group of antenna elements 110 includes: the radiation stubs 111 and the transmission lines 112, the radiation stubs 111 of each group of antenna units 110 being disposed at intervals along the outer peripheral side of the circuit board 130; the first end 112a of the transmission line is electrically connected to the feeding point 120, the second end 112b of the transmission line is electrically connected to the first end 111a of the radiating branch, a first space 113 is provided between the second end 111b of the radiating branch and the first ends 111a of the radiating branches of adjacent groups, and the second ends 111b of the radiating branches are open ends.

It should be noted that, the radiation branches 111 of each group of antenna units 110 are disposed at intervals along the outer peripheral side of the circuit board 130, including that when the radiation branches 111 are coplanar with the circuit board 130, the radiation branches 111 are located at the outer peripheral side of the circuit board 130; further, when the radiation stub 111 is not coplanar with the circuit board 130, that is, when there is a certain distance between the radiation stub 111 and the circuit board 130 in the thickness direction of the antenna structure 100, the orthographic projection of the radiation stub 111 in the thickness direction of the antenna structure 100 is located on the outer peripheral side of the circuit board 130; also included is that at least a portion of an orthographic projection of the radiation stub 111 in the thickness direction of the antenna structure 100 is located on the outer peripheral side of the circuit board 130 when the radiation stub 111 is not coplanar with the circuit board 130.

In one possible implementation, the antenna elements 110 are four groups, and two adjacent groups of antenna elements 110 in the four groups of antenna elements 110 are rotationally symmetric ninety degrees with respect to the feed point 120. By arranging four groups of antenna units 110 and rotationally symmetrical about ninety degrees relative to the feeding point 120, the four groups of antenna units 110 of the antenna structure can radiate uniformly, so as to reduce the directivity coefficient.

Of course, in other embodiments, the plurality of antenna units 110 may be two antenna units 110, five antenna units 110 of three antenna units 110, or more antenna units 110, where the plurality of antenna units 110 may have a rotationally symmetrical structure around the feeding point 120, so that different positions of each antenna unit 110 may radiate uniformly, thereby reducing the directivity coefficient of the antenna structure 100 to meet the EIRP limitation.

In addition, by providing different groups of antenna elements 110, the volume of the antenna structure may be changed, and, illustratively, when the volume of the antenna structure 100 is small, two groups of antenna elements 110 may be provided, where the two groups of antenna elements 110 are rotationally symmetrical by one hundred eighty degrees; when the volume of the antenna structure 100 is larger, five groups of antenna units 110 may be disposed, and the five groups of antenna units 110 are seventy-two degrees of rotational symmetry, so that the applicability of the antenna structure 100 may be increased.

The rotationally symmetrical refers to a position where the radiation stub 111, the slit 1113, the first space 113, and the like of the antenna unit are disposed, and is generally rotationally symmetrical, not symmetrical in a strict mathematical sense, but may include rotational symmetry of a transmission line. Where the specific angles of ninety degree rotational symmetry, one hundred eighty degree rotational symmetry, and seventy-two degree rotational symmetry are angles that are within an error range that allows for some offset, in some embodiments the error range may be any of-10 ° to 10 °, e.g., the specific angle of ninety degree rotational symmetry may be between eighty degrees and one hundred degrees, the specific angle of one hundred eighty degree rotational symmetry may be between one hundred seventy degrees and one hundred ninety degrees, and the specific angle of seventy-two degree rotational symmetry may be between sixty-two degrees and eighty-two degrees.

In the present embodiment, the radiating stub 111 is a radiator of the antenna. Wherein, the radiator: is a device for receiving/transmitting electromagnetic wave radiation in an antenna. In some cases, an "antenna" is understood in a narrow sense as a radiator that converts guided wave energy from a transmitter into radio waves or converts radio waves into guided wave energy for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) produced by the transmitter is transmitted via the feeder to the transmitting radiator, where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization and radiated in a desired direction. The receiving radiator converts electromagnetic wave energy from a certain polarization in a particular direction in space into modulated high frequency current energy which is fed via a feeder to the receiver input.

The radiator may be a conductor having a specific shape and size, such as a wire shape, a sheet shape, or the like, and the present application is not limited to a specific shape. In some embodiments, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a conductive/metallic sheet, such as a copper sheet or the like. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a conductive coating, such as a silver paste antenna or the like. The shape of the sheet radiator may include a circular shape, a rectangular shape, a ring shape, etc., and the present application is not limited to a specific shape. In addition, the radiator may also include a slot or slit formed in the conductor. For example, in the present embodiment, the coupling gap between the first radiating stub 1111 and the second radiating stub 1112 is a gap on the radiator. In some embodiments, the slit shape may be elongated. In some embodiments, a radio frequency electromagnetic field is excited across the slot and radiates electromagnetic waves into space.

In some embodiments, the circuit board 130 may be a printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB), such as 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, 8, 10, or 12 to 14 laminates, or elements separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass, polymers, or the like. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a trace layer, the trace layer and the ground layer being electrically connected by vias. In one embodiment, components such as different chips may be mounted on or connected to a circuit board; or electrically connected to trace layers and/or ground layers in the circuit board. For example, the transmission line 112 and the feeding point 120 may be disposed at a trace layer.

The transmission line, also called feeder, refers to the connection line between the transceiver of the antenna and the radiator. The transmission line is characterized by a lateral dimension that is much smaller than the operating wavelength. Of course, the transmission line need not necessarily refer to a wire arrangement, but may also be a straight strip conductor, for example, having a width of less than 2mm. Similarly, the feeder is similarly understood. The transmission line may directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves depending on frequency and form. The connection to the transmission line on the radiator is often referred to as the feed point. The transmission line includes a wire transmission line, a coaxial line transmission line, a waveguide, a microstrip line, or the like. The transmission line may include a bracket antenna body, a glass antenna body, or the like, depending on the implementation. The transmission line may be implemented by LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer, liquid crystal polymer material), FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit, flexible printed circuit board), PCB (Printed Circuit Board ), or the like, depending on the carrier.

According to the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the application, the circuit board 130, the multiple antenna units 110 and the feed point 120 are arranged, so that the antenna structure has the function of transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves, and further the first resonance (1/2 wavelength mode) and the second resonance (3/4 wavelength mode) of each group of radiation branches 111 are excited, wherein the resonance frequency band corresponding to the first resonance can be a first frequency band (6240 MHz-6739.2 MHz), the resonance frequency band corresponding to the second resonance can be a second frequency band (7737.6 MHz-8236.8 MHz), and the antenna structure in the embodiment of the application can cover the first frequency band (6240 MHz-6739.2 MHz) and the second frequency band (7737.6 MHz-8236.8 MHz) in the high frequency band.

Compared with the prior art, only the UWB CH5 (6240 MHz-6739.2 MHz) frequency band can be excited, and the UWB CH9 (7737.6 MHz-8236.8 MHz) frequency band can not be excited, the bandwidth of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the application is larger, so that the frequency range of electronic equipment connected with the antenna structure is increased, more electronic equipment can be in communication connection with the electronic equipment, and the applicability of the antenna structure is improved. It can be understood that the wireless communication relationship can be established between the antennas with partially overlapped frequency bandwidths, so that when the frequency bandwidth of the antenna structure is increased, the number of devices connected with the antenna structure can be increased, and the applicability of the antenna structure is improved.

It should be noted that a typical antenna structure may excite both 1/4 wavelength mode and 1/2 wavelength mode, while a 3/4 wavelength mode requires special boundary conditions, e.g., an open-ended, low-impedance boundary condition at one end may excite the resonance of the 3/4 wavelength mode. In the embodiment of the present application, the first end 111a of the radiating branch is electrically connected to the transmission line 112, and the transmission line 112 is connected to the feeding point, so that the boundary condition of low impedance is satisfied; the second end 111b of the radiation branch is an open end, and satisfies a boundary condition of an open end and satisfies a boundary condition of a 3/4 wavelength mode, so that resonance of the 3/4 wavelength mode, that is, the second resonance, can be excited.

For convenience of description, in this embodiment, the UWB CH5 band is a first band (6240 MHz-6739.2 MHz), the UWB CH9 band is a second band (7737.6 MHz-8236.8 MHz), and the low band is a third band (2400 MHz-2483.5 MHz).

As shown in fig. 3A, the radiating stubs 111 of each group of antenna elements 110 each include: first radiating stub 1111 and second radiating stub 1112, the first radiating stub 1111 and second radiating stub 1112 of each group of antenna elements 110 being disposed at intervals along the outer peripheral side of circuit board 130; the first end 112a of the transmission line is electrically connected to the feeding point 120, the second end 112b of the transmission line is electrically connected to the first end of the first radiating branch 1111 of the same group, a gap 1113 is provided between the second end of the first radiating branch 1111 and the first end of the second radiating branch 1112 of the same group, and a first gap 113 is provided between the second end of the second radiating branch 1112 and the first end of the first radiating branch 1111 of an adjacent group.

It should be noted that, the first end of the first radiating branch 1111 is the same as the first end 111a of the radiating branch, and the second end of the first radiating branch 1111 is the end of the first radiating branch 1111 far away from the first end 111a of the radiating branch; the first end of the second radiating branch 1112 is the end near the second end of the first radiating branch 1111, and the second end of the second radiating branch 1112 is the same end as the second end 111b of the radiating branch.

In the present embodiment, by electrically connecting the first end 112a of the transmission line with the feeding point 120, the second end 112b of the transmission line is electrically connected with the first ends of the first radiating branches 1111 of the same group, so that the first ends of the first radiating branches 1111 satisfy the boundary condition of low impedance; by having a gap 1113 between the second end of the first radiating branch 1111 and the first end of the second radiating branch 1112 of the same group, which corresponds to an electrical connection between the second end of the first radiating branch 1111 and the first end of the second radiating branch 1112, that is, the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 may be regarded as a whole, while the second end 111b of the second radiating branch 1112 and the first end of the first radiating branch 1111 of the adjacent group have a first gap 113 therebetween, the second end of the second radiating branch 1112 may meet the boundary condition of one open end, that is, one end of the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 may constitute one whole radiating branch 111, and the other end of the second radiating branch 1112 has a low impedance boundary condition, so that a 3/4 wavelength mode may be excited.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3B, there is a coupling gap between the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112, wherein a first end 112a of the transmission line is electrically connected to the feed point 120, a second end 112B of the transmission line is electrically connected to a first end of the second radiating branch 1112 of the same group, and a first gap 113 is provided between a second end of the second radiating branch 1112 and a first end of the first radiating branch 1111 of an adjacent group; a gap 1113 is provided between the second end of the first radiating branch 1111 and the first end of the second radiating branch 1112 of the same group, and a first space is provided between the first end of the first radiating branch 1111 and the adjacent second radiating branch 1112.

As shown in fig. 3B, a coupling gap is formed between the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112, so that the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 can be coupled, and thus the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 can be regarded as a whole. Wherein the first end 112a of the transmission line is electrically connected to the feeding point 120, and the second end 112b of the transmission line is electrically connected to the first end of the second radiating branch 1112 of the same group, such that the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 have a boundary condition of low impedance; however, the first end of the first radiating branch 1111 and the adjacent second radiating branch 1112 have the first space 113 therebetween, and the second end of the second radiating branch 1112 and the first end of the first radiating branch 1111 of the adjacent group have the first space 113 therebetween, so that the entire radiating branch 111 composed of the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 has two open ends, so that the boundary condition of the 3/4 wavelength mode cannot be satisfied, and thus the 3/4 wavelength mode cannot be excited.

Therefore, in this embodiment, by electrically connecting the first end 112a of the transmission line with the feeding point 120, the second end 112b of the transmission line is electrically connected with the first end of the first radiating branch 1111 of the same group, the gap 1113 is formed between the second end of the first radiating branch 1111 and the first end of the second radiating branch 1112 of the same group, and the first gap 113 is formed between the second end of the second radiating branch 1112 and the first end of the first radiating branch 1111 of the adjacent group, so that the boundary condition that one end of the radiating branch 111 has low impedance and the other end is open can be satisfied, and then the 3/4 wavelength mode can be excited to increase the bandwidth and improve the applicability.

By designing the radiation branches 111 of each group of antenna units 110 to have a structure including the first radiation branch 1111 and the second radiation branch 1112 and providing the slots 1113 in the first radiation branch 1111 and the second radiation branch 1112 of the same group, the size of the radiation branches 111 of the antenna structure can be enlarged, so that the radiation branches 111 can radiate in a larger area, thereby improving radiation efficiency.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the second radiation branch 1112 of the radiation branches 111 in each group of antenna units 110 has a length L2 in the circumferential direction of the radiation branches 111 that is smaller than λ/2, where λ is a medium wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the resonant frequency in the 1/2 wavelength mode.

The resonance frequency is also called resonance frequency. The resonance frequency may have a frequency range, for example, a frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency may be a frequency range with return loss characteristics less than-6 dB. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency-point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency may be less than-20 dB. Resonant frequency band: the range of the resonant frequency is a resonant frequency band, and the return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than-6 dB or-5 dB.

Wherein, in some embodiments, the length L1 of the radiation branch 111 in the circumferential direction is λ/2, where λ is a medium wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the resonant frequency in the 1/2 wavelength mode. The slit 1113 is prevented from being located at the first end 111a of the radiation branch, that is, the end of the radiation branch 111 connected to the transmission line 112, by making the length L2 of the second radiation branch 1112 in the circumferential direction of the radiation branch 111 smaller than λ/2. To ensure that the radiating stub 111 more easily excites the second resonance (3/4 wavelength mode), so that the antenna unit 110 can cover the second frequency band of the high frequency band, and thus the antenna structure 100 can cover a wider frequency range, so as to improve the applicability of the antenna structure 100.

In one possible implementation, in the circumferential direction of the radiating branches 111, a ratio of a length L3 of the first radiating branch 1111 of the radiating branches 111 to a length L1 of the radiating branches 111 in each group of antenna elements 110 is greater than or equal to 1/3 and less than or equal to 1/2.

By setting the ratio of the length L3 of the first radiating branch 1111 of the radiating branches 111 to the length L1 of the radiating branch 111 in each group of antenna elements 110 to be 1/3 or more and 1/2 or less, the slot 1113 can be located at a position on the radiating branch 111 where the current is weak (as shown with reference to fig. 5B, a position where the color is light represents a weak current and a position where the color is dark represents a strong circuit) so as to excite the second resonance (3/4 wavelength mode) more easily, so that the antenna element 110 can cover the second frequency band of the high frequency band, and the antenna structure 100 can cover a wider frequency range, so as to improve the applicability of the antenna structure 100.

In some embodiments, to ensure that the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 may be coupled, the gap 1113 may not be too large in the circumferential direction of the radiating branch 111, and illustratively, the gap 1113 may have any value less than 1mm in the circumferential direction of the radiating branch 111, for example, the gap 1113 may have a gap of 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, etc. in the circumferential direction of the radiating branch 111.

Of course, in some embodiments, the gap 1113 may be formed with a larger distance in the circumferential direction of the radiating branch 111, so that, to ensure that the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 may be coupled to each other, opposite radiating structures may be disposed at the end of the first radiating branch 1111 and the end of the second radiating branch 1112 on both sides of the gap 1113, where the radiating structures may extend along a direction perpendicular to the radiating branch 111, so that an area of the radiating structure opposite to the gap 1113 may be increased, and further, the coupling connection between the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 may also be implemented. Therefore, the gap 1113 is not further limited in the circumferential direction of the radiation branch 111, as long as the first radiation branch 1111 and the second radiation branch 1112 can be coupled to each other.

Note that, in the circumferential direction of the radiation branch 111, the pitch of the slit 1113 is smaller than the first interval 113, and the first interval 113 may be any value of 1mm or more, for example, the first interval 113 may be 1.5mm, 1.6mm or more. The first interval 113 may separate two adjacent antenna units 110 from each other, thereby causing signal interference between the adjacent antenna units 110.

In addition, by providing the slit 1113, the length of the radiation branch 111 can be increased, so that the radiation branch 111 can radiate in a larger area, and the radiation efficiency can be improved. In this embodiment, one slot 1113 is disposed on each radiating branch 111, however, in other embodiments, a plurality of slots 1113 may be disposed, so that the radiating volume of the antenna structure may be larger, for example, the radiating branch 111 may include a first radiating branch 1111, a second radiating branch 1112, and a third radiating branch 111, one slot 1113 is disposed before the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112, and one slot 1113 is disposed between the second radiating branch 1112 and the third radiating branch 111, so that the radiating branch 111 may have a larger length in the circumferential direction, so that the radiating area may be enlarged; in addition, by providing the plurality of slits 1113, the first interval 113 may be reduced, so that the radiation of the radiation branch 111 may be more uniform, and the directivity coefficient of the antenna structure may be reduced. In other embodiments, a plurality of slots 1113 may be provided, and the number and size of the slots 1113 provided on the radiating stubs 111 on each group of antenna elements 110 are not further limited in this embodiment.

With continued reference to fig. 3A, the first and second radiating branches 1111 and 1112 of each group of antenna elements 110 are located outside the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board 130, and there is a second space 114 between the first and second radiating branches 1111 and 1112 of each group of antenna elements 110 and the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board 130 in the radial direction of the circuit board 130.

Wherein the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 of each group of antenna units 110 are located outside the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board 130, and when the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 are located coplanar with the circuit board 130, the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 are located outside the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board 130, wherein a second space 114 is provided between the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 of each group of antenna units 110 and the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board 130 in the radial direction of the circuit board 130; also included is that when the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 are located on the circuit board 130 in a non-coplanar manner, that is, when the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 are spaced apart from the circuit board 130 along the thickness direction of the antenna structure 100, the orthographic projections of the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 along the thickness direction of the antenna structure 100 are located on the outer side of the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board 130, wherein the orthographic projections of the first radiating branch 1111 and the second radiating branch 1112 along the thickness direction of the antenna structure 100 have the second spacing 114 between the orthographic projections and the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board 130 in the radial direction of the circuit board 130.

By locating the first radiating stub 1111 and the second radiating stub 1112 of each set of antenna elements 110 outside the peripheral edge of the circuit board 130, more space may be reserved on the circuit board 130 for placement of other devices on the circuit board 130; in addition, by providing the second space 114 between the first and second radiating branches 1111 and 1112 of each group of antenna units 110 and the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board 130 in the radial direction of the circuit board 130, the first and second radiating branches 1111 and 1112 can have more radiating space, thereby improving radiation efficiency.

In one possible implementation, the second spacing 114 may be any value from 0.5-2mm, e.g., may be 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, etc. And can be specifically set according to specific situations. Of course, it is understood that the above values may be values within allowable error ranges.

As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the curve A1 has three resonance bands. The resonance bands are 1/4 wavelength mode, 1/2 wavelength mode and 3/4 wavelength mode from low frequency to high frequency, respectively. As can be seen from the current distribution diagrams in fig. 5A, 5B, and 5C, the center frequency of the resonance frequency corresponding to the 1/4 wavelength mode is 4.3GHz (1/4mode@4.3GHz in the drawing), the center frequency of the resonance frequency corresponding to the 1/2 wavelength mode is 6.5GHz (1/2mode@6.5GHz in the drawing), and the center frequency of the resonance frequency corresponding to the 3/4 wavelength mode is 8.6GHz (3/4mode@8.6GHz in the drawing). The center frequency of the resonant frequency corresponding to the 1/2 wavelength mode is 6.5GHz, the first resonance can be considered to cover the first frequency band by combining the data in fig. 4, the center frequency of the resonant frequency corresponding to the 3/4 wavelength mode is 8.6GHz, and the 3/4 wavelength mode can be excited by combining the data in fig. 4, so that the bandwidth of the antenna structure is increased.

Wherein, the abscissa Frequency/GHz in the S parameter diagram represents Frequency, and the unit is GHz; the ordinate represents return loss characteristics in dB.

In some embodiments, in order to allow the second resonance to be closer to the second frequency band (7737.6 MHz-8236.8 MHz), a meander 1121 may be provided on the transmission line 112 as shown in fig. 6. For example, one bend 1121 is disposed on the transmission line 112 in each group of antenna units 110, however, in other embodiments, a plurality of bends 1121 may be disposed on the transmission line 112 in each group of antenna units 110, and in this embodiment, the number, positions, and directions of the bends 1121 disposed on the transmission line 112 in each group of antenna units 110 are not limited. In other embodiments, the bend 1121 may be disposed on only a portion of the transmission line 112 of the antenna unit 110, which is not further limited in the embodiments of the present application.

Note that, the bend 1121 may be disposed at a position on the transmission line 112 where the current is strong, which corresponds to connecting an inductor in series to the transmission line 112, so that the resonance may be shifted to a low frequency.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the radiation branch 111 excites three resonance bands from low frequency to high frequency, namely, a resonance band of 1/4 wavelength mode, a resonance band of 1/2 wavelength mode and a resonance band of 3/4 wavelength mode, wherein the bandwidth corresponding to the 1/2 wavelength mode is about 5.8GHz-6.8GHz when the return loss characteristic is less than-6 dB, the first frequency band can be covered, the bandwidth corresponding to the 3/4 wavelength mode is about 7.5GHz-8.2GHz when the return loss characteristic is less than-6 dB, and the second frequency band can be covered. As can be seen from the current distribution diagrams in fig. 8A, 8B, and 8C, the center frequency of the resonance frequency corresponding to the 1/4 wavelength mode is 4.0GHz (1/4 mode@4ghz in the drawing), the center frequency of the resonance frequency corresponding to the 1/2 wavelength mode is 6.3GHz (1/2mode@6.3GHz in the drawing), and the center frequency of the resonance frequency corresponding to the 3/4 wavelength mode is 7.9GHz (3/4mode@7.9GHz in the drawing).

That is, by providing the bend 1121 on the transmission line 112 in the antenna unit 110, the number of turns may be increased to adjust the resonant mode of the antenna unit 110, so that the first resonance (1/2 wavelength mode) may cover the first frequency band, and the second resonance (3/4 wavelength mode) may cover the second frequency band, so as to improve the accuracy of the frequency bandwidth covered by the antenna structure 100, so that the communication connection between the electronic devices may be more easily established.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the antenna structure 100 provided in the embodiments of the present application, the antenna structure 100 may include a circuit board 130, a plurality of groups of antenna units 110, and a feeding point 120; the feeding point 120 is located at the center of the circuit board 130, however, in other embodiments, the feeding point 120 may be located at other positions of the circuit board 130, which is not further limited in the embodiments of the present application; each group of antenna elements 110 includes: the radiation branches 111, the low-pass high-resistance element 115, and the transmission line 112, the radiation branches 111 of each group of antenna units 110 being arranged at intervals along the outer peripheral side of the circuit board 130; the first end 112a of the transmission line is electrically connected to the feeding point 120, the second end 112b of the transmission line is electrically connected to the first end 111a of the radiating branch, a first space 113 is provided between the second end 111b of the radiating branch and the first ends 111a of the radiating branches of adjacent groups, one end of the low-pass high-resistance element 115 is electrically connected to the second end 111b of the radiating branch, the other end of the low-pass high-resistance element 115 is electrically connected to a ground point on the circuit board 130, and the low-pass high-resistance element 115 is used for passing low-frequency high-resistance frequencies.

It should be noted that, the end: the "end" of the first end/feed end/ground end/open end/closed end of the antenna radiator is not to be construed narrowly as necessarily a point, but may also be considered as a section of the antenna radiator comprising a first end point, which is the end point of the antenna radiator at the first slot. For example, the first end of the antenna radiator may be considered as a radiator in a first wavelength range of one eighth of the first end point, or a radiator in a range of 5mm from the first end point, where the first wavelength may be a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency band of the antenna structure, may be a medium wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the operating frequency band, or a wavelength corresponding to a resonance point. Illustratively, in this embodiment, the first end of the radiating stub may include a section of the radiating stub, e.g., the first end of the radiating stub includes an interval within 5mm of the endpoint.

The radiating stubs 111 of each set of antenna elements 110 each include: first radiating stub 1111 and second radiating stub 1112, the first radiating stub 1111 and second radiating stub 1112 of each group of antenna elements 110 being disposed at intervals along the outer peripheral side of circuit board 130; the first end 112a of the transmission line is electrically connected to the feeding point 120, the second end 112b of the transmission line is electrically connected to the first end of the first radiating branch 1111 of the same group, a gap 1113 is provided between the second end of the first radiating branch 1111 and the first end of the second radiating branch 1112 of the same group, and a first gap 113 is provided between the second end of the second radiating branch 1112 and the first end of the first radiating branch 1111 of an adjacent group. Further, a bend 1121 is provided in the transmission line 112 of each group of antenna elements 110.

In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the antenna structure may further include a support plate 140, and the support plate 140 may be used to carry the circuit board 130 with the antenna structure and the antenna unit 110, wherein the antenna unit 110, the circuit board 130 and the feeding point 120 of the antenna structure are all disposed on the support plate 140. Wherein the circuit board 130 of the antenna structure and the radiator on the antenna unit 110 are located on the first face of the support plate 140, and the feed line of the antenna unit 110 of the antenna structure is located on the second face of the support plate 140. The support plate 140 may be used to fix the antenna structure, and the support plate 140 may be a plate-shaped structure made of an insulating material, for example.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, as shown in a curve A3, the radiating branch 111 may excite four resonance bands, from low frequency to high frequency, which are respectively a left-right hand combined mode, a 1/4 wavelength mode (less obvious), a 1/2 wavelength mode, and A3/4 wavelength mode, where a center frequency of a resonance frequency corresponding to the left-right hand combined mode is about 2.4GHz, a bandwidth corresponding to the 1/2 wavelength mode when a return loss characteristic is less than-6 dB is about 6.1GHz-7.2GHz, a first frequency band may be covered, a bandwidth corresponding to the 3/4 wavelength mode when the return loss characteristic is less than-6 dB is about 7.8GHz-8.5GHz, a second frequency band may be covered, a part of the resonance frequency is shifted to a high frequency direction relative to the non-setting low-pass high-impedance element 115, and a new third resonance (left-right hand combined mode) is excited, so that the antenna structure may cover a third frequency band, which is a frequency range of the third frequency band is lower, and the frequency range of the third frequency band is lower than the first frequency band and the second frequency band.

It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the 1/4 wavelength mode may be excited, but in some embodiments, the antenna structure may cover only the low band (bluetooth band), the high band UWB CH5 band and UWB CH9, so that the adjustment of connection with other electronic devices may be satisfied, and thus, for the resonance frequency excited by the 1/4 wavelength mode, further description will not be given in this embodiment. Of course, the wider the bandwidth the antenna structure can excite, the easier it is to connect with other electronic devices.

By providing the low-pass high-resistance element 115 at the second end 111b of the radiating branch, and electrically connecting one end of the low-pass high-resistance element 115 with the second end 111b of the radiating branch, the other end of the low-pass high-resistance element 115 is electrically connected with the ground point on the circuit board 130, so that the antenna structure can form a left-right hand combined mode to cover a low frequency band (bluetooth frequency band). The bandwidth of antenna structure can be increased like this, and then this antenna structure's suitability is improved, and only need set up a radiation branch 111 in every antenna unit 110 like this, just can cover high frequency channel and low frequency channel, need set up solitary low frequency radiator and high frequency radiator for among the correlation technique, the antenna structure's that provides in this application embodiment simple structure, small, and then set up when losing the label on, can reduce the volume of losing the label, make this losing the label more conveniently carry.

Since the low-pass high-resistance element 115 can pass a low-frequency resistance and a high frequency, one end of the low-pass high-resistance element 115 is electrically connected to the second end 111b at the radiation branch, and corresponds to an open circuit in the case of high-frequency resonance. That is, the first end 112a of the transmission line is electrically connected to the feeding point 120, the second end 112b of the transmission line is electrically connected to the first end 111a of the radiating branch, so that the first end 111a of the radiating branch has a low impedance boundary condition, the second end 111b of the radiating branch has a first space 113 with the first ends 111a of the radiating branches of adjacent groups, one end of the low-pass high-resistance element 115 is electrically connected to the second end 111b of the radiating branch, and the other end of the low-pass high-resistance element 115 is electrically connected to the ground point on the circuit board 130, so that the second end 111b of the radiating branch has an open-circuit boundary condition, and a 3/4 wavelength mode can be excited.

The left-right hand combined mode is a resonant mode, and can excite the third resonance and the low-frequency resonance. As shown in fig. 14, the center frequency of the resonance frequency corresponding to the left-right hand combination mode of the antenna structure is 2.4GHz (denoted as CRLHmode@2.4GHz in the figure), and the floor is excited, so that the bandwidth of the antenna structure is wider; as shown in fig. 15, at a center frequency of 2.4GHz, the radiation signal of the antenna structure is relatively uniform in all directions, so the directivity coefficient is relatively low, that is, the directivity coefficient of the antenna structure can be kept in a small range after the low-pass high-resistance element 115 is added to the antenna structure.

In some embodiments, the low-pass high-impedance elements 115 in each group of antenna elements 110 may be inductors, distributed inductors, or filters. The kind of the low-pass high-resistance element 115 in each group of antenna elements 110 is not further limited in the embodiments of the present application.

By setting the low-pass high-resistance element 115 as an inductor, a distributed inductor or a filter, the second end 111b of the radiating branch can be grounded, and the inductor has a low-pass high-resistance characteristic, so that the radiating branch 111 excites the third resonance and has little influence on the first resonance and the second resonance, so that the antenna structure can cover the first frequency band, the second frequency band and the third frequency band, that is, the antenna structure can cover the low frequency band (bluetooth frequency band), the high frequency band UWB CH5 frequency band and UWB CH9, further the antenna structure can meet the condition of accurate positioning, and the directivity coefficient is low so as to meet the requirements of EIRP. In addition, the bandwidth of the antenna structure is wider, so that the antenna structure can be connected with more electronic equipment, the applicability of the antenna structure is improved, and the antenna structure is simple in structure, so that the volume of an anti-lost tag using the antenna structure can be reduced, and the anti-lost tag is more convenient to carry.

In some embodiments, the inductance values of the inductances in the antenna units 110 of each group may be the same, and each group of antenna units 110 in the corresponding antenna structure in fig. 14 is provided with a low-pass high-resistance element 115, where the low-pass high-resistance element 115 is an inductance, and the inductance values are all 6.2nH. Of course, in other embodiments, the inductance of the low-pass high-impedance element 115 in each group of antenna elements 110 may be other values, in some embodiments, the inductance of the low-pass high-impedance element 115 may be any one of 3-15nH, in other embodiments, the inductance of the low-pass high-impedance element 115 may be any one of 4-10nH, and may be, for example, 3nH, 4nH, 5nH, 6nH, 7nH, 8nH, 9nH, 10nH, 11nH, 12nH, 15nH, etc., which are not listed in one to one in this embodiment.

In addition, the inductance values of the low-pass high-resistance elements 115 in the antenna units 110 of each group may also be different, for example, the low-pass high-resistance elements 115 in the antenna units 110 of each group are inductors, and the inductance values of the inductors in each group are different, and in this embodiment, the inductance values of the inductors in the antenna units 110 of four groups are respectively L1, L2, L3, and L4 for convenience of description.

As shown in fig. 16, in the present embodiment, referring to curve A4, when l1=4.9nh, l2=l3=5.8nh, l4=6.4nh, and the inductance is different for the case of the ideal device simulation, the return loss characteristic of the third resonance can be made smaller and the bandwidth of the third resonance can be made wider, wherein the bandwidth corresponding to the left-right hand combined mode (third resonance) when the return loss characteristic is smaller than-6 dB is about 2.4GHz-2.5GHz, the third frequency band can be covered, the bandwidth corresponding to the 1/2 wavelength mode when the return loss characteristic is smaller than-6 dB is about 6.1GHz-7.2GHz, the first frequency band can be covered, the bandwidth corresponding to the 3/4 wavelength mode when the return loss characteristic is smaller than-6 dB is about 7.8GHz-8.5GHz, and the second frequency band can be covered.

As shown in fig. 17, the radiation signal of the antenna structure is relatively uniform in all directions at the center frequency of the resonance frequency of 2.4GHz, so the directivity coefficient is relatively low, and as shown in fig. 18, at the center frequency of the resonance frequency of 2.5GHz, but the directivity coefficient is larger than that shown in fig. 17, that is, the inductance has some influence on the directivity coefficient of the low frequency band, but the influence is not large. As can be seen from the above data, adding the low-pass high-resistance element 115 does not affect the first frequency band and the second frequency band, and by setting L1, L2, L3 and L4 differently, the bandwidth of the third frequency band can be increased, and the bandwidth of the antenna structure can be increased, so as to improve the applicability of the antenna structure.

Of course, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 19, L1, L2, L3, and L4 may also be set to other values, for example, the number relationship of corresponding L1, L2, L3, and L4 in curve A5 in fig. 19 is l1=l2=l3=l4=6.8 nH; the corresponding number relationship of L1, L2, L3 and L4 in curve A6 is l1=l2=6.8nh, l3=l4=5.6 nH; the corresponding number relationship of L1, L2, L3 and L4 in curve A7 is l1=4.7nh, l2=l3=5.6nh, l4=6.8nh; as shown in fig. 19, curve A5 shows that the antenna structure can excite a third resonance with a smaller bandwidth; curve A6 shows that the antenna structure may excite two resonances, e.g., a third resonance and a fourth resonance, with an increased bandwidth; the curve A7 shows that the antenna structure excites three resonances, e.g. the third resonance, the fourth resonance and the fifth resonance, and the bandwidth is further increased, so that the bandwidth of the low frequency can be increased by setting the inductance of the low-pass high-resistance element 115 on the antenna elements 110 of different groups, without affecting the bandwidth of the high frequency, and overall the bandwidth is increased, and the applicability is improved.

In some embodiments, the third frequency band may be a low frequency band. By setting the inductance values of the antenna units 110 of each group differently, the antenna structure 100 can form an asymmetric structure, so as to excite multiple resonances, cover the fourth frequency band, and form a wider low-frequency band, so as to meet the requirement of the antenna structure 100 on the low-frequency band.

In addition, as shown in fig. 20, 21 and 22, the schemes B5, C5 and D5 correspond to the scheme A5 in fig. 19, the schemes B6, C6 and D6 correspond to the scheme A6 in fig. 19, and the schemes B7, C7 and D7 correspond to the scheme A7 in fig. 19, as can be seen from fig. 20 to 22, when the inductance values of the low-pass high-resistance element 115 in the different antenna units 110 are different, the impedance characteristics are different, and the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency can be increased. Wherein, the abscissa Frequency/GHz in FIGS. 20 and 21 may represent Frequency in GHz; the ordinate may represent radiation efficiency and system efficiency in dB.

As shown in fig. 23 and 24, the influence on the directivity coefficient of the antenna is small when the inductance is the same and different at the resonance frequency of 6.5GHz, wherein the directivity coefficient is 1.0dBi when the inductance is the same at the resonance frequency of 6.5GHz, and the directivity coefficient is 1.17dBi when the inductance is different. As shown in fig. 25 and 26, the influence on the directivity coefficient of the antenna is small even when the inductance is the same and different at the resonance frequency of 8GHz, wherein the directivity coefficient is 2.35dBi when the inductance is the same at the resonance frequency of 8GHz and the directivity coefficient is 2.36dBi when the inductance is different. Therefore, the low-pass high-resistance element 115 in the antenna unit 110 has little influence on the high frequency.

In fig. 23, @6.5GHz, representing a resonant frequency of 6.5GHz, d=1.0 dBi, representing a directivity coefficient of 1.0dBi; in fig. 24 @6.5GHz, representing a resonant frequency of 6.5GHz, d=1.17 dBi, and a directivity coefficient of 1.17dBi. In fig. 25, @8GHz, representing a resonance frequency of 8GHz, d=2.35 dBi, representing a directivity coefficient of 2.35dBi; in fig. 26, @8GHz represents a resonant frequency of 8GHz, and d=2.36 dBi represents a directivity coefficient of 2.36dBi.

In the present embodiment, the inductance value of the inductance in each group of antenna elements 110 is limited, and may be specifically set according to the specific situation. By setting the inductance value of the inductance of at least one antenna unit 110 in each group of antenna units 110 differently, different resonances can be excited, and different low-frequency ranges can be covered, so as to adapt to different requirements and improve the applicability of the antenna structure.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, where an antenna structure of the first aspect is provided in the electronic device, and the electronic device may be an anti-lost tag, where the anti-lost tag may be connected with other electronic devices wirelessly, so that the anti-lost tag may be located, and further a person or an object carrying the anti-lost tag may be located, thereby playing a role in searching for a lost person or object.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application is suitable for the electronic equipment adopting one or more of the following communication technologies: bluetooth (BT) communication technology, global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, wiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (global system for mobile communications, GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, and future other communication technologies, and the like. The electronic device in the embodiment of the application can be a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a notebook computer, an intelligent home, an intelligent bracelet, an intelligent watch, an intelligent helmet, intelligent glasses and the like. The electronic device may also be a handheld device, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, an electronic device in a 5G network or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (public land mobile network, PLMN), etc., as the embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard.

In embodiments of the present application, a wavelength in a certain wavelength mode (e.g., a half wavelength mode, etc.) of an antenna may refer to a wavelength of a signal radiated by the antenna. For example, a half wavelength mode of a suspended metal antenna may produce resonance in the 1.575GHz band, where wavelengths in the half wavelength mode refer to the wavelengths at which the antenna radiates signals in the 1.575GHz band. It should be appreciated that the wavelength of the radiated signal in air can be calculated as follows: wavelength = speed of light/frequency, where frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal. The wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: wavelength = (speed of light/∈)/frequency, where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium and frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal. The gaps and grooves in the above embodiments may be filled with an insulating medium.

Ground/floor/ground point: may refer broadly to at least a portion of any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer, etc., within an antenna structure, or at least a portion of any combination of any of the above ground layers, or ground plates, or ground components, etc., and "ground/floor" may be used for grounding of components within an antenna structure. Any of the above ground layers, or ground plates, or ground metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, graphite coated substrate, copper plated substrate, brass plated substrate, and aluminized substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the ground layer/plate/metal layer may be made of other conductive materials.

Coupling: it is to be understood that a direct coupling and/or an indirect coupling, and that "coupled connection" is to be understood as a direct coupling connection and/or an indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling may also be referred to as "electrical connection," meaning that the components are in physical contact and electrically conductive; the circuit structure can also be understood as a form of connecting different components through solid circuits such as copper foils or wires of a printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB) and the like which can transmit electric signals; an "indirect coupling" is understood to mean that the two conductors are electrically conductive by means of a space/no contact. In one embodiment, the indirect coupling may also be referred to as capacitive coupling, such as by coupling between a gap between two conductive elements to form an equivalent capacitance to effect signal transmission.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediary, or may be in communication with each other between two elements or in an interaction relationship between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

The terms first, second, third, fourth and the like in the description and in the claims of embodiments of the application and in the above-described figures, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that the antenna structure comprises a circuit board, a plurality of groups of antenna units and a feed point; wherein the feed point is located on the circuit board;

each group of the antenna units comprises: the radiation branches and the transmission lines are arranged at intervals along the periphery side of the circuit board;

the first end of the transmission line is electrically connected with the feed point, the second end of the transmission line is electrically connected with the first end of the radiation branch, and a first interval is arranged between the second end of the radiation branch and the first end of the radiation branch of the adjacent group;

And the second end of the radiation branch is an open end, or the second end of the radiation branch is electrically connected with a grounding point on the circuit board through a low-pass high-resistance element, and the low-pass high-resistance element is used for passing low-frequency resistance high frequency.

2. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the radiating stubs of each set of the antenna elements each comprise: the first radiation branches and the second radiation branches of each group of antenna units are arranged at intervals along the periphery side of the circuit board;

the first end of the transmission line is electrically connected with the feed point, the second end of the transmission line is electrically connected with the first end of the first radiation branch of the same group, a gap is formed between the second end of the first radiation branch and the first end of the second radiation branch of the same group, and the first interval is formed between the second end of the second radiation branch and the first end of the first radiation branch of the adjacent group;

the gap spacing is smaller than the first spacing in the circumferential direction of the radiation branches.

3. The antenna structure of claim 2, wherein one end of the low-pass high-resistance element is electrically connected to the second end of the second radiating stub of the same group, and the other end of the low-pass high-resistance element is electrically connected to a ground point on the circuit board.

4. An antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the low-pass high-resistance element comprises an inductance, a distributed inductance or a filter.

5. The antenna structure of claim 4, wherein the low-pass high-resistance element in each of the antenna elements is an inductance, and the inductance of each of the antenna elements is the same.

6. The antenna structure of claim 4, wherein the low-pass high-resistance element in each of the antenna elements is an inductance, and the inductance of the inductance in at least two of the antenna elements in each of the antenna elements is different.

7. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that the second radiation branches of the radiation branches in each group of antenna elements have lengths in the circumferential direction of the radiation branches smaller than λ/2, λ being the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonance frequency in the 1/2 wavelength mode.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that a ratio of a length of the first radiation branch to a length of the radiation branch in each group of the antenna elements is 1/3 or more and 1/2 or less in the radiation branch circumferential direction.

9. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that the gap spacing in the circumferential direction of the radiating stub is less than or equal to 1mm.

10. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the first spacing is greater than or equal to 1mm.

11. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the transmission line of at least one group of the antenna elements has a bending section.

12. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that the antenna elements are four groups, and that two adjacent groups of the antenna elements of the four groups are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the feed point by 90 °.

13. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that the radiation stubs of each group of the antenna elements have the same or different second spacing in the radial direction of the circuit board between the radiation stubs and the outer peripheral edge of the circuit board.

14. The antenna structure of claim 13, wherein the second spacing is in the range of 0.5-2 mm.

15. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that the inductance of the low-pass high-resistance element is in the range of 3-15 nH.

16. An electronic device comprising at least an antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-15.

17. The electronic device of claim 16, wherein the electronic device is an anti-lost tag and the antenna structure comprises an ultra-wideband UWB antenna.