CN117829196A - Counter, counting method, chip and electronic equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及计数器领域,提供一种计数器及计数方法、芯片、电子设备。所述计数器包括控制模块以及磁传感模块,磁传感模块包括2N个磁开关传感器以及磁体,N为大于或等于1的正整数。磁开关传感器用于在磁体的周期性变化的磁场影响下产生脉冲信号,控制模块用于基于2N个磁开关传感器产生的脉冲信号进行计数。本发明采用多个磁开关传感器,并通过对应多个磁开关传感器数据算法的控制模块对多个磁开关传感器产生的脉冲信号进行计数,提高了脉冲监测的灵敏度和精确性,可满足封闭环境下对用水量或燃气使用量的实时精准统计。
The present invention relates to the field of counters, and provides a counter and a counting method, a chip, and an electronic device. The counter includes a control module and a magnetic sensor module, and the magnetic sensor module includes 2N magnetic switch sensors and a magnet, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The magnetic switch sensor is used to generate a pulse signal under the influence of the periodically changing magnetic field of the magnet, and the control module is used to count based on the pulse signals generated by the 2N magnetic switch sensors. The present invention adopts multiple magnetic switch sensors, and counts the pulse signals generated by multiple magnetic switch sensors through a control module corresponding to multiple magnetic switch sensor data algorithms, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of pulse monitoring, and can meet the real-time and accurate statistics of water consumption or gas consumption in a closed environment.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及计数器领域,具体地涉及一种基于磁传感器的计数器、一种计数方法、一种芯片以及一种电子设备。The present invention relates to the field of counters, and in particular to a counter based on a magnetic sensor, a counting method, a chip and an electronic device.
背景技术Background technique
现有的计数器主要分为接触式计数器和非接触式计数器,非接触式计数器根据信号源的不同分为光电传感计数器和磁传感计数器。非接触式计数器主要通过对传感器的脉冲信号进行计数实现测量、计数、控制等功能,被广泛应用于工业生产、科学实验和电子消费等行业中的计数应用场景。Existing counters are mainly divided into contact counters and non-contact counters. Non-contact counters are divided into photoelectric sensor counters and magnetic sensor counters according to different signal sources. Non-contact counters mainly realize measurement, counting, control and other functions by counting the pulse signals of sensors. They are widely used in counting application scenarios in industries such as industrial production, scientific experiments and consumer electronics.
光电传感计数器通过光电传感器将光信号经过模拟电路转换为电信号,并利用数字电路进行逻辑运算形成脉冲信号进行计数。光电传感计数器的缺点是环境适应性差(需要在密闭环境中),抗干扰性差,易受粉尘遮光干扰,且安装复杂。磁传感计数器通过磁传感器产生脉冲信号来实现计数,克服了光电传感计数器的不易安装、易受干扰的缺点。但是,现有的磁传感计数器根据单一磁传感器输出的脉冲信号个数来实现计数,精度较低,不适用于封闭环境下对用水量或燃气使用量的实时精准统计。The photoelectric sensor counter converts the light signal into an electrical signal through an analog circuit using a photoelectric sensor, and uses a digital circuit to perform logical operations to form a pulse signal for counting. The disadvantages of the photoelectric sensor counter are poor environmental adaptability (it needs to be in a closed environment), poor anti-interference, susceptibility to dust and light interference, and complex installation. The magnetic sensor counter uses a magnetic sensor to generate a pulse signal to achieve counting, overcoming the disadvantages of the photoelectric sensor counter that it is difficult to install and susceptible to interference. However, the existing magnetic sensor counter counts based on the number of pulse signals output by a single magnetic sensor, and has low accuracy, and is not suitable for real-time and accurate statistics of water or gas usage in a closed environment.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决上述技术缺陷,本发明提供一种基于磁传感器的计数器及计数方法。In order to solve the above technical defects, the present invention provides a counter and a counting method based on a magnetic sensor.
本发明提供的基于磁传感器的计数器包括:控制模块以及磁传感模块;The magnetic sensor-based counter provided by the present invention comprises: a control module and a magnetic sensing module;
所述磁传感模块包括2N个磁开关传感器以及磁体,N为大于或等于1的正整数;The magnetic sensing module includes 2 N magnetic switch sensors and a magnet, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
所述磁开关传感器用于在磁体的周期性变化的磁场影响下产生脉冲信号;The magnetic switch sensor is used to generate a pulse signal under the influence of the periodically changing magnetic field of the magnet;
所述控制模块用于基于2N个磁开关传感器产生的脉冲信号进行计数。The control module is used to count based on the pulse signals generated by 2N magnetic switch sensors.
本发明实施例中,所述磁传感模块包括两个磁开关传感器,所述磁体包括一个南极磁铁及一个北极磁铁;在所述磁体转动一周产生的磁场影响下,两个磁开关传感器共同产生循环一次的00、01、10、11脉冲信号;所述控制模块针对两个磁开关传感器产生的每循环一次的00、01、10、11脉冲信号进行计数一次。In an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic sensing module includes two magnetic switch sensors, and the magnet includes a south pole magnet and a north pole magnet; under the influence of the magnetic field generated by the magnet rotating one circle, the two magnetic switch sensors jointly generate a 00, 01, 10, 11 pulse signal that cycles once; the control module counts once for each cycle of the 00, 01, 10, 11 pulse signals generated by the two magnetic switch sensors.
本发明实施例中,所述磁传感模块包括四个磁开关传感器,所述磁体包括一个南极磁铁及一个北极磁铁;在所述磁体转动一周产生的磁场影响下,四个磁开关传感器共同产生循环一次的000、001、010、011、100、101、110、111脉冲信号;所述控制模块针对四个磁开关传感器产生的每循环一次的000、001、010、011、100、101、110、111脉冲信号进行计数一次。In an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic sensing module includes four magnetic switch sensors, and the magnet includes a south pole magnet and a north pole magnet; under the influence of the magnetic field generated by the magnet rotating one circle, the four magnetic switch sensors jointly generate 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111 pulse signals that cycle once; the control module counts once for each cycle of 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111 pulse signals generated by the four magnetic switch sensors.
本发明实施例中,所述磁体包括南极磁铁和北极磁铁;所述南极磁铁和北极磁铁安装于旋转装置上,用于在旋转装置的旋转带动下产生周期性变化的磁场。In an embodiment of the present invention, the magnet includes a south pole magnet and a north pole magnet; the south pole magnet and the north pole magnet are installed on a rotating device to generate a periodically changing magnetic field driven by the rotation of the rotating device.
本发明实施例中,所述旋转装置包括风轮、连接杆以及转盘,所述风轮和转盘与连接杆连接,连接杆位于转盘的中心;所述南极磁铁和北极磁铁安装于转盘上且相对于连接杆对称分布;所述风轮在计数对象的力作用下进行旋转,以带动转盘上的南极磁铁和北极磁铁旋转。In an embodiment of the present invention, the rotating device includes a wind wheel, a connecting rod and a turntable, the wind wheel and the turntable are connected to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is located at the center of the turntable; the south pole magnet and the north pole magnet are installed on the turntable and are symmetrically distributed relative to the connecting rod; the wind wheel rotates under the force of the counting object to drive the south pole magnet and the north pole magnet on the turntable to rotate.
本发明实施例中,所述磁传感模块包括两个磁开关传感器,两个磁开关传感器与所述转盘的中心的夹角成90°。In the embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic sensing module includes two magnetic switch sensors, and the angle between the two magnetic switch sensors and the center of the turntable is 90°.
本发明实施例中,所述磁传感模块包括四个磁开关传感器,四个磁开关传感器与所述转盘的中心的夹角间隔分别为45°。In the embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic sensing module includes four magnetic switch sensors, and the angle intervals between the four magnetic switch sensors and the center of the turntable are 45° respectively.
本发明实施例中,所述磁开关传感器产生的脉冲信号的方波占空比为0.5。In the embodiment of the present invention, the square wave duty cycle of the pulse signal generated by the magnetic switch sensor is 0.5.
本发明实施例中,所述磁开关传感器为TMR磁开关传感器。In the embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic switch sensor is a TMR magnetic switch sensor.
本发明实施例中,所述基于磁传感器的计数器还包括显示模块,所述显示模块用于显示控制模块的计数个数。In an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic sensor-based counter further includes a display module, and the display module is used to display the count number of the control module.
本发明实施例中,所述显示模块包括LED驱动电路以及LED灯阵列;In an embodiment of the present invention, the display module includes an LED driving circuit and an LED lamp array;
所述LED驱动电路根据所述控制模块输出的逻辑信号控制LED灯阵列的亮灭。The LED driving circuit controls the on and off of the LED lamp array according to the logic signal output by the control module.
本发明实施例中,所述控制模块包括时钟单元,所述时钟单元用于为LED驱动电路提供驱动LED灯阵列时序性亮灭的逻辑信号。In an embodiment of the present invention, the control module includes a clock unit, and the clock unit is used to provide a logic signal for driving the LED lamp array to turn on and off sequentially to the LED driving circuit.
本发明实施例中,所述时钟单元包括比较器、触发器以及选择器;In an embodiment of the present invention, the clock unit includes a comparator, a trigger and a selector;
所述比较器用于将磁开关传感器产生的模拟信号转化为脉冲信号;The comparator is used to convert the analog signal generated by the magnetic switch sensor into a pulse signal;
所述触发器用于调控脉冲信号的占空比,得到不同分频的脉冲周期;The trigger is used to adjust the duty cycle of the pulse signal to obtain pulse periods with different frequency divisions;
所述选择器用于选择相应分频的脉冲周期,得到驱动LED灯阵列时序性亮灭的逻辑信号。The selector is used to select the pulse period of the corresponding frequency division to obtain a logic signal for driving the LED lamp array to turn on and off sequentially.
本发明实施例中,所述触发器由两个D触发器组成,以获得2分频的脉冲周期;或者,所述触发器由三个D触发器与两个与非门组成,以获得6分频的脉冲周期。In an embodiment of the present invention, the trigger is composed of two D triggers to obtain a pulse period with a frequency division of 2; or, the trigger is composed of three D triggers and two NAND gates to obtain a pulse period with a frequency division of 6.
本发明还提供一种计数方法,该计数方法采用上述的基于磁传感器的计数器进行计数。The present invention also provides a counting method, which uses the above-mentioned counter based on the magnetic sensor to perform counting.
本发明还提供一种芯片,该芯片包括上述的基于磁传感器的计数器。The present invention also provides a chip, which includes the above-mentioned counter based on the magnetic sensor.
本发明还提供一种电子设备,该电子设备包括上述的基于磁传感器的计数器。The present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes the above-mentioned counter based on the magnetic sensor.
本发明采用多个磁开关传感器,并通过对应多个磁开关传感器数据算法的控制模块对多个磁开关传感器产生的脉冲信号进行计数,提高了脉冲监测的灵敏度和精确性,可满足封闭环境下对用水量或燃气使用量的实时精准统计,适用于水表、燃气表等设备在现有应用场景下的高精度计量。The present invention adopts multiple magnetic switch sensors and counts the pulse signals generated by the multiple magnetic switch sensors through a control module corresponding to the data algorithm of the multiple magnetic switch sensors, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of pulse monitoring, and can meet the real-time and accurate statistics of water consumption or gas usage in a closed environment, and is suitable for high-precision measurement of water meters, gas meters and other equipment in existing application scenarios.
本发明技术方案的其它特征和优点将在下文的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。Other features and advantages of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail in the specific implementation section below.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本发明的一部分,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:
图1为本发明实施方式提供的基于磁传感器的计数器的结构示意图;FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic sensor-based counter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明一实施例提供的磁传感模块的布局示意图;FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a magnetic sensor module provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明另一实施例提供的磁传感模块的布局示意图;FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a magnetic sensor module provided in another embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明一实施例提供的基于磁传感器的计数器中触发器的原理图;FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a trigger in a magnetic sensor-based counter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明一实施例提供的基于磁传感器的计数器中时钟单元的时序周期示意图;FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a timing cycle of a clock unit in a magnetic sensor-based counter provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明另一实施例提供的基于磁传感器的计数器中时钟单元的时序周期示意图;FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a timing cycle of a clock unit in a magnetic sensor-based counter according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明一实施例提供的基于磁传感器的计数器中显示模块的电路原理图。FIG. 7 is a circuit schematic diagram of a display module in a magnetic sensor-based counter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明实施例中的技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图对本发明的示例性实施例进行进一步详细的说明,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是所有实施例的穷举。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly understood, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than an exhaustive list of all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中,“多个”的含义是至少两个,例如两个,三个等,除非另有明确具体的限定。In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
在本发明中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接或可以互相通讯;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or can communicate with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
本发明实施方式提供一种基于磁传感器的计数器,包括控制模块以及磁传感模块,磁传感模块包括2N个磁开关传感器以及磁体,N为大于或等于1的正整数。磁开关传感器用于在磁体的周期性变化的磁场影响下产生脉冲信号,控制模块用于基于2N个磁开关传感器产生的脉冲信号进行计数。本发明采用多个磁开关传感器,并通过对应多个磁开关传感器数据算法的控制模块对多个磁开关传感器产生的脉冲信号进行计数,提高了脉冲监测的灵敏度和精确性,可满足封闭环境下对用水量或燃气使用量的实时精准统计,适用于水表、燃气表等设备在现有应用场景下的高精度计量。The embodiment of the present invention provides a counter based on a magnetic sensor, including a control module and a magnetic sensing module, wherein the magnetic sensing module includes 2N magnetic switch sensors and a magnet, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The magnetic switch sensor is used to generate a pulse signal under the influence of the periodically changing magnetic field of the magnet, and the control module is used to count the pulse signals generated by the 2N magnetic switch sensors. The present invention adopts a plurality of magnetic switch sensors, and counts the pulse signals generated by the plurality of magnetic switch sensors through a control module corresponding to the data algorithm of the plurality of magnetic switch sensors, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of pulse monitoring, and can meet the real-time and accurate statistics of water consumption or gas consumption in a closed environment, and is suitable for high-precision metering of water meters, gas meters and other equipment in existing application scenarios.
下文通过具体实施例对本发明技术方案进行详细阐述。The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below through specific embodiments.
图1为本发明实施方式提供的基于磁传感器的计数器的结构示意图。如图1所示,本实施例提供的基于磁传感器的计数器,包括控制模块、磁传感模块以及显示模块,磁传感模块包括2个磁开关传感器以及磁体,磁开关传感器用于在磁体的周期性变化的磁场影响下产生脉冲信号,控制模块用于基于2个磁开关传感器产生的脉冲信号进行计数,显示模块用于显示控制模块的计数个数。利用磁开关传感器由于受到磁体产生的周期性磁场变化的影响而产生脉冲信号,将脉冲信号输入控制模块,经过控制模块的计数器单元对输入的脉冲信号进行计算,由显示模块显示脉冲个数。伴随磁体的磁信号的周期性消失和产生,控制模块控制显示模块的LED阵列的亮灭,使信号检测更加直观。FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic sensor-based counter provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG1 , the magnetic sensor-based counter provided in this embodiment includes a control module, a magnetic sensing module and a display module. The magnetic sensing module includes two magnetic switch sensors and a magnet. The magnetic switch sensor is used to generate a pulse signal under the influence of the periodic magnetic field of the magnet. The control module is used to count based on the pulse signal generated by the two magnetic switch sensors, and the display module is used to display the count number of the control module. The magnetic switch sensor generates a pulse signal due to the influence of the periodic magnetic field change generated by the magnet. The pulse signal is input into the control module, and the input pulse signal is calculated by the counter unit of the control module, and the number of pulses is displayed by the display module. With the periodic disappearance and generation of the magnetic signal of the magnet, the control module controls the on and off of the LED array of the display module to make the signal detection more intuitive.
在本发明一个实施例中,磁传感模块包括两个磁开关传感器以及磁体。如图2所示,磁开关传感器11和磁开关传感器12集成于主板10上。磁体包括一个南极磁铁21和一个北极磁铁22,南极磁铁21和北极磁铁22安装于旋转装置上,用于在旋转装置的旋转带动下产生周期性变化的磁场。所述旋转装置包括风轮23、连接杆24以及转盘25,风轮23和转盘25与连接杆24固定连接,连接杆24位于转盘25的中心,南极磁铁21和北极磁铁22安装于转盘25上且相对于连接杆24对称分布。风轮23在计数对象(例如流动的水或燃气)的力作用下进行旋转,以带动转盘25上的南极磁铁21和北极磁铁22旋转。两个磁开关传感器所在的主板10位于磁体所在的转盘25的正下方,主板10的中心与连接杆24共线,使得磁体旋转时正好经过磁传感器的正上方。两个磁开关传感器与南极磁铁和北极磁铁的磁场中心呈一定角度分布,保证两个磁开关传感器均在磁体的磁场范围内,可以受到周期性磁场变化的影响。在南极磁铁及北极磁铁转动一周产生的磁场影响下,两个磁开关传感器共同产生循环一次的00、01、10、11脉冲信号,控制模块针对两个磁开关传感器产生的每循环一次的00、01、10、11脉冲信号进行计数一次。例如,正常情况下,N极(北极)磁铁顺时针转动一周扫过两个磁开关传感器时,两个磁开关传感器产生的脉冲信号为00、01、10、11,当N极磁铁逆时针转动(反转)时,两个磁开关传感器产生的脉冲序列发生变化,例如变为11、10、01、00,只要脉冲序列完成一个循环,即计数一次,可以有效保证计数的准确性。磁体由一个南极磁铁和一个北极磁铁组成,可以实现反向计数,即磁体正转或反转时计数器都可以精确计数。In one embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic sensing module includes two magnetic switch sensors and a magnet. As shown in FIG2 , the magnetic switch sensor 11 and the magnetic switch sensor 12 are integrated on the main board 10. The magnet includes a south pole magnet 21 and a north pole magnet 22, and the south pole magnet 21 and the north pole magnet 22 are installed on the rotating device, and are used to generate a periodically changing magnetic field driven by the rotation of the rotating device. The rotating device includes a wind wheel 23, a connecting rod 24 and a turntable 25, and the wind wheel 23 and the turntable 25 are fixedly connected with the connecting rod 24, and the connecting rod 24 is located at the center of the turntable 25. The south pole magnet 21 and the north pole magnet 22 are installed on the turntable 25 and are symmetrically distributed relative to the connecting rod 24. The wind wheel 23 rotates under the force of the counting object (such as flowing water or gas) to drive the south pole magnet 21 and the north pole magnet 22 on the turntable 25 to rotate. The main board 10 where the two magnetic switch sensors are located is located directly below the turntable 25 where the magnet is located, and the center of the main board 10 is collinear with the connecting rod 24, so that the magnet passes just above the magnetic sensor when rotating. The two magnetic switch sensors are distributed at a certain angle to the magnetic field centers of the south pole magnet and the north pole magnet, ensuring that the two magnetic switch sensors are within the magnetic field range of the magnet and can be affected by periodic magnetic field changes. Under the influence of the magnetic field generated by the south pole magnet and the north pole magnet rotating one circle, the two magnetic switch sensors jointly generate a 00, 01, 10, 11 pulse signal that is cyclical, and the control module counts the 00, 01, 10, 11 pulse signals generated by the two magnetic switch sensors once for each cycle. For example, under normal circumstances, when the N pole (north pole) magnet rotates clockwise for one circle and sweeps over the two magnetic switch sensors, the pulse signals generated by the two magnetic switch sensors are 00, 01, 10, 11. When the N pole magnet rotates counterclockwise (reverse), the pulse sequence generated by the two magnetic switch sensors changes, for example, to 11, 10, 01, 00. As long as the pulse sequence completes a cycle, it is counted once, which can effectively ensure the accuracy of the counting. The magnet is composed of a south pole magnet and a north pole magnet, and reverse counting can be realized, that is, the counter can accurately count when the magnet rotates forward or reverse.
在其它实施例中,磁体可以是单独一个南极磁铁或单独一个北极磁铁,在单一磁铁转动一周产生的磁场影响下,两个磁开关传感器产生循环一次的01、10脉冲信号,基于每循环一次的脉冲信号计数一次。磁体仅为单一磁铁的情况可以实现计数,但难以实现磁体反转时的精确计数。In other embodiments, the magnet may be a single south pole magnet or a single north pole magnet. Under the influence of the magnetic field generated by a single magnet rotating one circle, the two magnetic switch sensors generate a 01, 10 pulse signal that cycles once, and count once based on each pulse signal that cycles once. Counting can be achieved when the magnet is only a single magnet, but it is difficult to achieve accurate counting when the magnet is reversed.
在一些具体实施例中,磁开关传感器可采用TMR磁开关传感器,TMR磁开关传感器具有高灵敏、低功耗、高可靠等优点。基于TMR磁传感器的计数器应用于水表时,水流经过管道进入水表中,水表中的风轮在流动水的水流冲击力作用下进行旋转,通过齿轮组的配合,使磁体能够按一定规律周期性地经过TMR磁开关传感器,TMR磁开关传感器感受到磁场变化之后输出相应的信号,即当南极磁铁和北极磁铁正转时,两个TMR磁开关传感器根据磁场的变化交替产生开关信号,形成00、01、10、11的脉冲信号;当南极磁铁和北极磁铁反转时,两个TMR磁开关传感器产生脉冲信号的顺序会发生颠倒,控制模块MCU通过采集这些脉冲信号可实现正、反流计数。在具体实施例中,为了使计数器的计数更精确,两个TMR磁开关传感器输出的方波占空比应尽量接近0.5,与磁铁和TMR磁传感器之间的信号采集频率一致,即两个TMR磁开关传感器与转盘25的中心的夹角成90°。In some specific embodiments, the magnetic switch sensor may adopt a TMR magnetic switch sensor, which has the advantages of high sensitivity, low power consumption, high reliability, etc. When the counter based on the TMR magnetic sensor is applied to the water meter, the water flows into the water meter through the pipe, and the wind wheel in the water meter rotates under the impact force of the flowing water. Through the cooperation of the gear set, the magnet can periodically pass through the TMR magnetic switch sensor according to a certain rule. After the TMR magnetic switch sensor senses the change of the magnetic field, it outputs a corresponding signal, that is, when the south pole magnet and the north pole magnet rotate forward, the two TMR magnetic switch sensors alternately generate switch signals according to the change of the magnetic field, forming pulse signals of 00, 01, 10, and 11; when the south pole magnet and the north pole magnet reverse, the order of the pulse signals generated by the two TMR magnetic switch sensors will be reversed, and the control module MCU can realize the forward and reverse flow counting by collecting these pulse signals. In a specific embodiment, in order to make the counter count more accurately, the square wave duty cycle output by the two TMR magnetic switch sensors should be as close to 0.5 as possible, consistent with the signal acquisition frequency between the magnet and the TMR magnetic sensor, that is, the angle between the two TMR magnetic switch sensors and the center of the turntable 25 is 90°.
在本发明一个实施例中,计数器的显示模块包括LED驱动电路以及LED灯阵列,LED驱动电路根据控制模块输出的逻辑信号控制LED灯阵列的亮灭。显示模块的电路原理图如图7所示,包括驱动发光二极管阵列的驱动芯片,电路中电容C1、C2、C3、C4与电阻R1、R2、R3、R4起到保护电路与信号补偿的作用。In one embodiment of the present invention, the display module of the counter includes an LED driving circuit and an LED light array, and the LED driving circuit controls the on and off of the LED light array according to the logic signal output by the control module. The circuit schematic diagram of the display module is shown in FIG7 , including a driving chip for driving the light emitting diode array, and capacitors C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 and resistors R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 in the circuit play the role of protecting the circuit and signal compensation.
在本发明一个实施例中,控制模块采用具有时钟单元的微控制器(MicroController Unit,简称MCU),通过时钟单元为LED驱动电路提供驱动LED灯阵列时序性亮灭的逻辑信号。微控制器的时钟单元包括比较器、触发器以及选择器。比较器用于将磁开关传感器产生的模拟信号转化为脉冲信号(对应逻辑信号1、0,1代表高电平,0代表低电平)。触发器用于调控脉冲信号的占空比,得到不同分频的脉冲周期。其中,触发器的分频原理如图4所示,4分频的触发器由2个D触发器组成,6分频的触发器由3个D触发器与2个与非门组成。例如,两个TMR磁开关传感器输出的方波占空比为0.5,在与磁铁和TMR磁传感器之间的信号采集频率一致时,当频率信号进入触发器后,下降沿时,启动一个高低电平的翻转。选择器用于选择相应分频的脉冲周期,得到驱动LED灯阵列时序性亮灭的逻辑信号。具体的,比较器输出的脉冲信号作为后续触发器的时钟脉冲,经过触发器的逻辑处理,得到如图5所示的2分频、4分频的脉冲周期,作为微控制器的时序周期。根据具体LED灯的亮灭,选择器选择性地通过相应分频的脉冲周期,进而驱动LED灯阵列。最后,微控制器将处理得到的逻辑信号通过PWM端输入到LED驱动电路,控制LED灯阵列的亮灭。In one embodiment of the present invention, the control module adopts a microcontroller (MicroController Unit, referred to as MCU) with a clock unit, and the clock unit provides a logic signal for driving the LED lamp array to light up and down sequentially for the LED driving circuit. The clock unit of the microcontroller includes a comparator, a trigger and a selector. The comparator is used to convert the analog signal generated by the magnetic switch sensor into a pulse signal (corresponding to the logic signal 1, 0, 1 represents a high level, and 0 represents a low level). The trigger is used to adjust the duty cycle of the pulse signal to obtain pulse periods with different frequency divisions. Among them, the frequency division principle of the trigger is shown in Figure 4, the 4-frequency division trigger is composed of 2 D triggers, and the 6-frequency division trigger is composed of 3 D triggers and 2 NAND gates. For example, the duty cycle of the square wave output by the two TMR magnetic switch sensors is 0.5. When the signal acquisition frequency between the magnet and the TMR magnetic sensor is consistent, when the frequency signal enters the trigger, a high and low level flip is started at the falling edge. The selector is used to select the pulse period of the corresponding frequency division to obtain a logic signal that drives the LED lamp array to light up and down sequentially. Specifically, the pulse signal output by the comparator is used as the clock pulse of the subsequent trigger. After the logic processing of the trigger, the pulse cycle of 2-frequency division and 4-frequency division as shown in Figure 5 is obtained as the timing cycle of the microcontroller. According to the specific on and off of the LED light, the selector selectively passes the pulse cycle of the corresponding frequency division, and then drives the LED light array. Finally, the microcontroller inputs the processed logic signal to the LED drive circuit through the PWM terminal to control the on and off of the LED light array.
在本发明另一个实施例中,磁传感模块包括四个磁开关传感器以及磁体。如图3所示,磁开关传感器11、磁开关传感器12、磁开关传感器13、磁开关传感器14集成于主板10上。磁体包括一个南极磁铁21和一个北极磁铁22,南极磁铁21和北极磁铁22安装于旋转装置上,用于在旋转装置的旋转带动下产生周期性变化的磁场。所述旋转装置包括风轮23、连接杆24以及转盘25,风轮23和转盘25与连接杆24固定连接,南极磁铁21和北极磁铁22安装于转盘25上。风轮23在计数对象(例如流动的水或燃气)的力作用下进行旋转,以带动转盘25上的南极磁铁21和北极磁铁22旋转。四个磁开关传感器设置在磁体的下方且与南极磁铁和北极磁铁的磁场中心呈一定角度分布,保证四个磁开关传感器均在磁体的磁场范围内,可以受到周期性磁场变化的影响。在磁体(南极磁铁21和北极磁铁22)转动一周产生的磁场影响下,四个磁开关传感器共同产生循环一次的000、001、010、011、100、101、110、111脉冲信号。控制模块针对四个磁开关传感器产生的每循环一次的000、001、010、011、100、101、110、111脉冲信号进行计数一次。In another embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic sensing module includes four magnetic switch sensors and a magnet. As shown in FIG3 , the magnetic switch sensor 11, the magnetic switch sensor 12, the magnetic switch sensor 13, and the magnetic switch sensor 14 are integrated on the main board 10. The magnet includes a south pole magnet 21 and a north pole magnet 22, and the south pole magnet 21 and the north pole magnet 22 are installed on the rotating device, and are used to generate a periodically changing magnetic field driven by the rotation of the rotating device. The rotating device includes a wind wheel 23, a connecting rod 24, and a turntable 25, and the wind wheel 23 and the turntable 25 are fixedly connected to the connecting rod 24, and the south pole magnet 21 and the north pole magnet 22 are installed on the turntable 25. The wind wheel 23 rotates under the force of the counting object (such as flowing water or gas) to drive the south pole magnet 21 and the north pole magnet 22 on the turntable 25 to rotate. The four magnetic switch sensors are arranged below the magnet and are distributed at a certain angle to the magnetic field center of the south pole magnet and the north pole magnet, so as to ensure that the four magnetic switch sensors are within the magnetic field range of the magnet and can be affected by the periodic magnetic field changes. Under the influence of the magnetic field generated by the rotation of the magnet (the south pole magnet 21 and the north pole magnet 22) once, the four magnetic switch sensors jointly generate a cycle of 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111 pulse signals. The control module counts once for each cycle of 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111 pulse signals generated by the four magnetic switch sensors.
在一些具体实施例中,采用四个TMR磁开关传感器,四个TMR磁开关传感器按0°、45°、90°、135°进行布置。当南极磁铁和北极磁铁正转时,四个TMR磁开关传感器根据磁场的变化交替产生开关信号,形成000、001、010、011、100、101、110、111的脉冲信号;当南极磁铁和北极磁铁反转时,四个TMR磁开关传感器产生脉冲信号的顺序会发生颠倒,控制模块通过采集脉冲信号实现正、反流计数。为了使计数器的计数更精确,四个TMR磁开关传感器输出的方波占空比应尽量接近0.5,四个TMR磁开关传感器与转盘25的中心的夹角间隔分别为45°。In some specific embodiments, four TMR magnetic switch sensors are used, and the four TMR magnetic switch sensors are arranged at 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°. When the south pole magnet and the north pole magnet rotate forward, the four TMR magnetic switch sensors generate switch signals alternately according to the change of the magnetic field, forming pulse signals of 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, and 111; when the south pole magnet and the north pole magnet rotate reversely, the order in which the four TMR magnetic switch sensors generate pulse signals will be reversed, and the control module realizes forward and reverse flow counting by collecting pulse signals. In order to make the counter count more accurately, the square wave duty cycle output by the four TMR magnetic switch sensors should be as close to 0.5 as possible, and the angle intervals between the four TMR magnetic switch sensors and the center of the turntable 25 are 45° respectively.
在本发明另一个实施例中,控制模块采用具有时钟单元的微控制器,通过时钟单元为LED驱动电路提供驱动LED灯阵列时序性亮灭的逻辑信号。微控制器的时钟单元包括比较器、触发器以及选择器。比较器用于将磁开关传感器产生的模拟信号转化为脉冲信号(对应逻辑信号1、0)。触发器用于调控脉冲信号的占空比,得到不同分频的脉冲周期。其中,4分频的触发器由2个D触发器组成,6分频的触发器由3个D触发器与2个与非门组成。选择器用于选择相应分频的脉冲周期,得到驱动LED灯阵列时序性亮灭的逻辑信号。具体的,比较器输出的脉冲信号作为后续D触发器的时钟脉冲,经过一系列D触发器与或非门的逻辑处理,得到如图6所示的2分频、4分频、6分频的脉冲周期,作为微控制器的时序周期。根据具体LED灯的亮灭,选择器选择性地通过相应分频的脉冲周期,进而驱动LED灯阵列。最后,微控制器将处理得到的逻辑信号通过PWM端输入到LED驱动电路,控制LED灯阵列的亮灭。In another embodiment of the present invention, the control module uses a microcontroller with a clock unit, and the clock unit provides a logic signal for driving the LED light array to light up and down sequentially for the LED driving circuit. The clock unit of the microcontroller includes a comparator, a trigger and a selector. The comparator is used to convert the analog signal generated by the magnetic switch sensor into a pulse signal (corresponding to the logic signal 1, 0). The trigger is used to adjust the duty cycle of the pulse signal to obtain pulse periods with different frequency divisions. Among them, the 4-frequency division trigger is composed of 2 D flip-flops, and the 6-frequency division trigger is composed of 3 D flip-flops and 2 NAND gates. The selector is used to select the pulse period of the corresponding frequency division to obtain the logic signal for driving the LED light array to light up and down sequentially. Specifically, the pulse signal output by the comparator is used as the clock pulse of the subsequent D flip-flop, and after a series of logic processing of the D flip-flops and the NOR gate, the pulse periods of 2, 4 and 6 frequency divisions as shown in Figure 6 are obtained as the timing period of the microcontroller. According to the specific on and off of the LED light, the selector selectively passes the pulse period of the corresponding frequency division, thereby driving the LED light array. Finally, the microcontroller inputs the processed logic signal to the LED drive circuit through the PWM terminal to control the on and off of the LED light array.
在其它实施例中,磁传感模块可采用8个磁开关传感器、16个磁开关传感器等,磁开关传感器越多,计数器的精度越高。In other embodiments, the magnetic sensing module may use 8 magnetic switch sensors, 16 magnetic switch sensors, etc. The more magnetic switch sensors there are, the higher the accuracy of the counter.
本发明实施方式还提供一种计数方法,该计数方法采用上述实施例的基于磁传感器的计数器进行计数。An embodiment of the present invention further provides a counting method, which uses the magnetic sensor-based counter of the above embodiment to perform counting.
本发明实施方式还提供一种芯片,该芯片包括上述实施例的基于磁传感器的计数器。An embodiment of the present invention further provides a chip, which includes the magnetic sensor-based counter of the above embodiment.
本发明实施方式还提供一种电子设备,该电子设备包括上述实施例的基于磁传感器的计数器。该电子设备例如水表或燃气表等。基于磁传感的非接触式计数器的水表,解决了封闭环境下对用水情况的实时精准统计问题,易于安装、不容易受干扰,且结构简化、功能齐全,使其生产成本得到有效降低,数据安全稳定。The embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes the counter based on the magnetic sensor of the above embodiment. The electronic device is, for example, a water meter or a gas meter. The water meter based on the non-contact counter of magnetic sensor solves the problem of real-time and accurate statistics of water use in a closed environment, is easy to install, not easily disturbed, and has a simplified structure and complete functions, so that its production cost is effectively reduced and the data is safe and stable.
本领域内的技术人员应明白,本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统或计算机程序产品。因此,本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且,本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。本发明实施例中的方案可以采用各种计算机语言实现,例如,面向对象的程序设计语言Java和直译式脚本语言JavaScript等。It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes. The schemes in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in various computer languages, for example, object-oriented programming language Java and literal scripting language JavaScript, etc.
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器,使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present invention is described with reference to the flowchart and/or block diagram of the method, device (system), and computer program product according to the embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and/or box in the flowchart and/or block diagram, as well as the combination of the process and/or box in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a device for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and/or one or more boxes in the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中,使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品,该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured product including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and/or one or more boxes in the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上,使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理,从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, whereby the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and/or one or more boxes in the block diagram.
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例,但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念,则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以,所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
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