CN117829022A - Method for calculating noise load of blast furnace gas turbine by combining acoustic transfer function and experiment - Google Patents
Method for calculating noise load of blast furnace gas turbine by combining acoustic transfer function and experiment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for calculating the noise load of a turbine rotary machine, which aims to solve the problems of complex operation, long calculation period, more resources consumption and high cost of related software when the noise analysis is carried out on a TRT by adopting CFD and CAA methods in the prior art, and provides a method for calculating the TRT noise load by combining an acoustic transfer function with an experiment. The invention comprises the following steps: 1) Establishing a steady-state flow field of the TRT 2) is based on establishing a first acoustic model M of the TRT 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Setting a first acoustic unit excitation value S 1 Calculating a first external field response value R 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 3) Performing experiment to measure actual external noise of TRT to obtain second external field response value R 2 And according to the calculated second acoustic unit excitation value S 2 Correcting the acoustic unit excitation value; 4) The corrected acoustic unit excitation value is again usedAdded to step first acoustic model M 1 Calculating again; 5) A first acoustic model M established in the second step 1 Adding a noise reduction device, and calculating again.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for calculating noise load of turbine rotary machinery, in particular to a method for calculating noise load of blast furnace gas turbine by combining acoustic transfer function and experiment.
Background
A blast furnace gas turbine (TRT) belongs to turbine rotary machinery, and is a device for utilizing pressure energy and heat energy of byproducts (blast furnace top gas) of blast furnace smelting, and the device can do work through expansion of the blast furnace top gas to perform secondary energy conversion so as to achieve full utilization of energy. However, the periodic rotation of the blade row of the blast furnace gas turbine can enable the airflow passing through the blade row to be in unsteady flow, so that larger pneumatic noise is easy to generate, adverse effects are generated on natural environment and daily work of operators, and how to realize accurate calculation of the pneumatic noise of the blast furnace gas turbine and develop noise reduction work on the basis of the accurate calculation is one of focuses of current industry.
The prior art mainly adopts a finite element analysis method aiming at noise analysis of a blast furnace gas turbine, specifically combines two methods of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics ) and CAA (Computational Aero-statistics, computational aeroacoustics), and mainly adopts a mixed CAA method. The hybrid CAA method transmits flow field basic information to acoustic software through CFD calculation, and the acoustic software carries out aerodynamic acoustic calculation on the flow field basic information based on a sound analogy (lighting) theory, wherein the basic conditions of the sound analogy (lighting) theory are a linear sound field, a low Mach number, a high Reynolds number and uniform medium sound propagation.
The analysis flow of the finite element analysis method is shown in fig. 1, and the steps of the analysis flow comprise CFD modeling, steady-state (steady) flow field calculation, transient (unsteady) flow field calculation, output information format conversion, sound source interpolation to an acoustic grid, sound propagation and sound radiation calculation, result post-processing and the like.
However, the prior art has the following defects:
1) The CFD and CAA software has complex operation and higher requirements on the use experience of the CFD and CAA software of a calculator;
2) When the steady-state flow field, the transient flow field and the acoustic field are calculated for the whole circumferential blade row of the blast furnace gas turbine, the defects of long calculation period, more resources consumption and high cost exist; in addition, the blade runner information of the blast furnace gas turbine is mostly enterprise secret, for example, an external unit is entrusted to carry out noise simulation calculation on the whole blast furnace gas turbine, and leakage is easy to cause.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of long calculation period, more resources consumption and high cost of related software operation when the CFD and CAA methods are adopted to carry out noise analysis on a blast furnace gas turbine in the prior art, and provides a method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining an acoustic transfer function with an experiment.
The design concept of the invention is as follows: and establishing a simulation model of the blast furnace gas turbine to obtain an acoustic transfer function, correcting according to an experimental result to obtain a new acoustic transfer function, and finally carrying out noise reduction optimization on the blast furnace gas turbine by using the new acoustic transfer function.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:
the method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining the acoustic transfer function and the experiment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: establishing a steady-state flow field of the blast furnace gas turbine, and calculating the physical quantity of flow characteristics at each position of the steady-state flow field;
step two: based on steady-state flow field flow characteristic physical quantity of blast furnace gas turbine obtained in step oneEstablishing a first acoustic model M of the internal medium, the structural wall surface and the external air coupling of the blast furnace gas turbine 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then, a preset sound source area and a preset first acoustic unit excitation value S are set at preset positions 1 Calculating a first external field response value R 1 Obtaining a first acoustic transfer function F of the blast furnace gas turbine 1 ；
Step three: performing experiments to obtain actual external noise data of the blast furnace gas turbine to obtain a second external field response value R 2 According to the first acoustic unit excitation value S preset in the step two 1 And a calculated first outfield response value R 1 Calculate the second acoustic unit excitation value S 2 And determining the correction amount delta of the acoustic unit excitation value S According to delta S Correcting the magnitude and mode of the acoustic unit excitation value S;
step four: re-adding the corrected acoustic unit excitation value to the first acoustic model M established in the second step 1 In (3), a third external field response value R is calculated 3 And a second acoustic transfer function F 2 And comparing with the experimental data of the third step, setting |R 3 -R 2 The preset error of I is d 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If |R 3 -R 2 |≤d 0 Executing the fifth step; if |R 3 -R 2 |＞d 0 Adjusting preset parameters, and returning to the second step;
step five: second acoustic transfer function F obtained based on step four 2 A first acoustic model M established in the second step 1 Adding a noise reduction device into the blast furnace gas turbine to establish a second acoustic model M of the internal medium, the structural wall surface and the external air coupling of the blast furnace gas turbine 2 Calculate the fourth external field response value R 4 And a third acoustic transfer function F 3 And the result is used for analyzing the noise reduction effect of the blast furnace gas turbine, so as to finish the calculation of the blast furnace gas turbine noise load.
Where the acoustic transfer function is the acoustic transfer function (NTF, noise Transfer Function) and the acoustic unit excitation value is the equivalent of the analog noise generation.
Further, the method for establishing the steady-state flow field of the blast furnace gas turbine in the first step is a CFD method.
Further, the physical flow characteristic in the first step is fluid pressure loss, fluid flow, fluid temperature, and fluid flow rate.
Further, in the second step, the method for establishing the first acoustic model and the method for establishing the second acoustic model in the fifth step are both interpolation mapping methods, and the advantage of adopting the method is that the flow field characteristics can be reflected more truly and accurately.
Further, the preset position in the second step is a section of the nearest position to the noise source.
Further, the preset quantity in the second step is 1-2 acoustic unit excitations, and the setting has the advantages of being convenient for adjusting the acoustic unit excitation value, smaller in error and higher in precision.
Further, the second acoustic unit excitation value in step threeCorrection delta of acoustic unit excitation value S ＝|S 2 -S 1 |。
Further, in the fourth step, the preset parameter is a sound source area and/or a preset position.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining the acoustic transfer function and the experiment, which is provided by the invention, after the acoustic load obtained by reverse thrust is loaded to the model, the acoustic vibration coupling and the outfield data are recalculated, and the consistency of the obtained acoustic monitoring point data and the experimental test data is very high, so that the method can be judged to be very accurate and effective;
2. according to the method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining the acoustic transfer function and the experiment, a CFD method is adopted to establish a steady-state flow field of the blast furnace gas turbine, and the method is used for three-dimensionally simulating the fluid flow condition in a numerical simulation mode, so that more accurate flow field information can be obtained;
3. the method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining the acoustic transfer function and the experiment provided by the invention saves the noise analysis and calculation time of the blast furnace gas turbine and reduces the cost at the same time;
4. the method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining the acoustic transfer function and the experiment is used for providing the reference sound source data of the passive noise reduction measure of the blast furnace gas turbine, saves time and labor, can also provide effective reference for other turbomachinery, is beneficial to environmental protection and noise reduction of the turbomachinery, and has good social and economic benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a prior art finite element acoustic simulation calculation using a hybrid CAA method for a blast furnace gas turbine;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a comparison chart of acoustic data obtained by the third experiment and acoustic data obtained by the fourth calculation in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
A method for calculating noise load of a blast furnace gas turbine by combining acoustic transfer function and experiment, the flow of which is shown in fig. 2, comprising the following steps:
step one: establishing a steady-state flow field of the blast furnace gas turbine by adopting a CFD method, and calculating the physical quantity of flow characteristics of each position of the steady-state flow field; the physical quantity of the flow characteristic is fluid pressure loss, fluid flow, fluid temperature, fluid flow rate and the like.
Step two: based on the steady-state flow field flow characteristic physical quantity of the blast furnace gas turbine obtained in the step one, a first acoustic model M of internal medium, structural wall surface and external air coupling of the blast furnace gas turbine is established by adopting an interpolation mapping method 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then, a preset sound source area and a preset first acoustic unit excitation value S are set at preset positions 1 Calculating a first external field response value R 1 Obtaining a first acoustic transfer function F of the blast furnace gas turbine 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Where the acoustic transfer function is the acoustic transfer function (NTF, noise Transfer Function) and the acoustic unit excitation value is the equivalent of the analog noise generation.
The interpolation mapping method adopted in the embodiment has the advantage that the flow field characteristics can be reflected more truly and accurately; in other embodiments, forced averaging may be used, but the accuracy of the calculation is less than that of the interpolation mapping.
The preset position refers to a section closest to the noise source; first acoustic unit excitation value S 1 The preset quantity of the acoustic unit excitation is 1-2, and the setting has the advantages of being convenient for adjusting the acoustic unit excitation value next, smaller in error and higher in precision.
Step three: performing experiments to obtain actual external noise data of the blast furnace gas turbine to obtain a second external field response value R 2 According to the first acoustic unit excitation value S preset in the step two 1 And a calculated first outfield response value R 1 Calculate the second acoustic unit excitation value S 2 And determining the correction amount delta of the acoustic unit excitation value S According to delta S Correcting the magnitude and mode of the acoustic unit excitation value S;
the principle of correcting the acoustic unit excitation is as follows:
the acoustic relation is mostly linear relation, in the invention, the calculation is carried out according to the linear relation of the external field response value and the acoustic unit excitation value, and the first external field response value R is obtained because the first acoustic transfer function of the blast furnace gas turbine is calculated 1 First acoustic unit excitation value S 1 Second external field response value R 2 And a second acoustic unit excitation value S 2 The following proportional relationship is satisfied:
according to the above relation, the first acoustic unit excitation value S 1 And a first external field response value R 1 All have been obtained by simulation calculation, and a second external field response value R is obtained in experimental data 2 In the case of (2), the second acoustic unit excitation value S can be calculated 2 Then, the correction amount delta of the acoustic unit excitation value is utilized S ＝|S 2 -S 1 And correcting the acoustic unit excitation value.
Step four: will be correctedThe acoustic unit excitation value is added to the first acoustic model M established in the second step 1 In (3), a third external field response value R is calculated 3 And a second acoustic transfer function F 2 And comparing with the experimental data of the third step, setting |R 3 -R 2 The preset error of I is d 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If |R 3 -R 2 |≤d 0 Executing the fifth step; if |R 3 -R 2 |＞d 0 The preset parameters are required to be adjusted, and the step two is returned; the preset parameters herein refer to the sound source area and/or preset position.
Step five: second acoustic transfer function F obtained based on step four 2 A first acoustic model M established in the second step 1 Adding a noise reduction device, and establishing a second acoustic model M of the internal medium, the structural wall surface and the external air coupling of the blast furnace gas turbine by adopting an interpolation mapping method 2 Calculate the fourth external field response value R 4 And a third acoustic transfer function F 3 And the result is used for analyzing the noise reduction effect of the blast furnace gas turbine, so as to finish the calculation of the blast furnace gas turbine noise load.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing acoustic data obtained by the third experiment with acoustic data obtained by the fourth experiment in the embodiment of the present invention; wherein the abscissa is the noise characteristic frequency, and the unit is Hz; the ordinate is the sound pressure level at the monitoring point, and the unit is dBA; as can be seen from fig. 3, the degree of agreement between the calculated data and the experimental data is high.
According to the method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining the acoustic transfer function and the experiment, which is provided by the invention, the time for calculating the noise of the blast furnace gas turbine is shortened to four days from the original fourteen days, so that the resource cost is reduced by 70%.
Claims (8)
1. The method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining the acoustic transfer function and the experiment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: establishing a steady-state flow field of the blast furnace gas turbine, and calculating the physical quantity of flow characteristics at each position of the steady-state flow field;
step two: steady-state flow field of blast furnace gas turbine based on step oneThe physical quantity of flow characteristics is used for establishing a first acoustic model M of the coupling of internal medium, structural wall surface and external air of a blast furnace gas turbine 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then, a preset sound source area and a preset first acoustic unit excitation value S are set at preset positions 1 Calculating a first external field response value R 1 Obtaining a first acoustic transfer function F of the blast furnace gas turbine 1 ；
Step three: performing experiments to obtain actual external noise data of the blast furnace gas turbine to obtain a second external field response value R 2 According to the first acoustic unit excitation value S preset in the step two 1 And a calculated first outfield response value R 1 Calculate the second acoustic unit excitation value S 2 And determining the correction amount delta of the acoustic unit excitation value S According to delta S Correcting the magnitude and mode of the acoustic unit excitation value S;
step four: re-adding the corrected acoustic unit excitation value to the first acoustic model M established in the second step 1 In (3), a third external field response value R is calculated 3 And a second acoustic transfer function F 2 And comparing with the experimental data of the third step, setting |R 3 -R 2 The preset error of I is d 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If |R 3 -R 2 |≤d 0 Executing the fifth step; if |R 3 -R 2 |＞d 0 Adjusting preset parameters, and returning to the second step;
step five: second acoustic transfer function F obtained based on step four 2 A first acoustic model M established in the second step 1 Adding a noise reduction device into the blast furnace gas turbine to establish a second acoustic model M of the internal medium, the structural wall surface and the external air coupling of the blast furnace gas turbine 2 Calculate the fourth external field response value R 4 And a third acoustic transfer function F 3 And the result is used for analyzing the noise reduction effect of the blast furnace gas turbine, so as to finish the calculation of the blast furnace gas turbine noise load.
2. The method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining acoustic transfer function with experiment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
in the first step, the method for establishing the steady-state flow field of the blast furnace gas turbine is a CFD method.
3. The method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining acoustic transfer function with experiment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
the physical flow characteristic in the first step is fluid pressure loss, fluid flow, fluid temperature and fluid flow rate.
4. The method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining acoustic transfer function with experiment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
in the second step, a first acoustic model M is established 1 And step five, establishing a second acoustic model M 2 The methods of (a) are interpolation mapping methods.
5. The method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining acoustic transfer function with experiment according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
the preset position in the second step is a section of the nearest position to the noise source.
6. The method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining acoustic transfer function with experiment according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
the preset quantity in the second step is 1-2 acoustic unit excitations.
7. The method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining acoustic transfer function with experiment according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
second acoustic unit excitation value in step threeCorrection delta of acoustic unit excitation value S ＝|S 2 -S 1 |。
8. The method for calculating the noise load of the blast furnace gas turbine by combining acoustic transfer function with experiment according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
in the fourth step, the preset parameters are the sound source area and/or the preset position.
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