CN117826440A - Double-view 3D display method based on gradient aperture pinhole array - Google Patents
Double-view 3D display method based on gradient aperture pinhole array Download PDFInfo
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- CN117826440A CN117826440A CN202410161072.8A CN202410161072A CN117826440A CN 117826440 A CN117826440 A CN 117826440A CN 202410161072 A CN202410161072 A CN 202410161072A CN 117826440 A CN117826440 A CN 117826440A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 208000003164 Diplopia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 208000029444 double vision Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-vision 3D display method based on a gradient aperture pinhole array, wherein a single grating unit I corresponds to two columns of image elements I; the centers of the intervals of two adjacent columns of image elements I are correspondingly aligned with the centers of the corresponding grating units I; a single grating unit II corresponds to two columns of image elements II; the centers of the intervals of two adjacent columns of image elements II are correspondingly aligned with the centers of the corresponding grating units II; the horizontal aperture width of the pinholes is the same; the vertical aperture width of the pinholes in the same row is the same; reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through the grating unit I and the pinhole corresponding to the image element I; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through the grating unit II and the pinhole corresponding to the image element II; the polarization direction of the polarized glasses I is the same as that of the grating unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarized glasses II is the same as that of the grating unit II; only the 3D image I can be seen through the polarization glasses I and only the 3D image II can be seen through the polarization glasses II.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a double-view 3D display, in particular to a double-view 3D display method based on a gradient aperture pinhole array.
Background
Integrated imaging dual vision 3D display is a new display technology that has emerged in recent years. It can provide two different 3D pictures at the same time. The integrated imaging double-vision 3D display based on the pinhole array has the advantages of large depth of field, no pitch limitation by a manufacturing process, low price and the like. The pinhole array consists of a light-transmitting pinhole and a shading area. Thus, there is occlusion in integrated imaging dual vision 3D displays based on pinhole arrays. Imaging efficiency is a parameter that measures the impact of occlusion on viewing effects.
The prior Chinese patent 2021110651598 proposes a one-dimensional integrated imaging 3D display with high imaging efficiency and wide viewing angle. However, in the above technical solution, the same image element is imaged by two slit gratings with orthogonal polarization directions at the same time, so the technical solution cannot be applied to integrated imaging dual-view 3D display.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-view 3D display method based on a gradient aperture pinhole array, which realizes double-view 3D display through integrated imaging display equipment; the integrated imaging display device is characterized by comprising a display screen, a polarization grating, a gradual change aperture pinhole array, a polarization glasses I and a polarization glasses II; the display screen, the polarization grating and the gradual change aperture pinhole array are sequentially arranged in parallel, as shown in figure 1; the horizontal widths of the polarization grating and the graded aperture pinhole array are the same; the vertical widths of the polarization grating and the gradient aperture pinhole array are the same; the polarization grating is attached to the display screen; the polarization grating is formed by alternately arranging grating units I and grating units II in the horizontal direction, and the polarization direction of the grating unit I is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the grating unit II; the pitch of the grating units I is equal to that of the grating units II; the display screen is used for displaying an image element I and an image element II, as shown in figure 2; image element I is acquired from 3D scene I, and image element II is acquired from 3D scene II; the width of picture element I is equal to the width of picture element II; the interval width of two adjacent columns of image elements I is equal to the interval width of two adjacent columns of image elements II; the interval width between two adjacent columns of image elements I and II is equal to 0; the interval width of two adjacent rows of image elements is the same; a single grating unit I corresponds to two columns of image elements I; the centers of the intervals of two adjacent columns of image elements I are correspondingly aligned with the centers of the corresponding grating units I; a single grating unit II corresponds to two columns of image elements II; the centers of the intervals of two adjacent columns of image elements II are correspondingly aligned with the centers of the corresponding grating units II; the center of the pinhole is aligned with the center of the image element in a one-to-one correspondence; the horizontal aperture width of the pinholes is the same; the vertical aperture width of the pinholes in the same row is the same; centered in the array of progressive aperture pinholesThe vertical aperture width of the pinhole is equal to the horizontal aperture width; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the vertical aperture width v of the i-th row of pinholes i Calculated from the following formula
Wherein ceil is an upward rounding function, floor is a downward rounding function, w is the horizontal aperture width of pinholes, n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction, l is the optimal viewing distance, g is the distance between the display screen and the graded aperture pinhole array, a is the width of an image element I, and c is the interval width of two adjacent rows of image elements; reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through the grating unit I and the pinhole corresponding to the image element I; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through the grating unit II and the pinhole corresponding to the image element II; the polarization direction of the polarized glasses I is the same as that of the grating unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarized glasses II is the same as that of the grating unit II; only the 3D image I can be seen through the polarization glasses I and only the 3D image II can be seen through the polarization glasses II.
Preferably, the pitch p of the grating elements I is calculated by
p＝2a+b (2)
Where a is the width of the picture element I and b is the width of the interval between two adjacent columns of picture elements I.
Preferably, the number of grating units I is equal to the number of grating units II; the horizontal width x of the display screen and the vertical width y of the display screen are calculated by the following formula
x＝mp (3)
y＝na+nc-c (4)
Where m is the number of picture elements I in the horizontal direction, p is the pitch of the grating elements I, n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction, a is the width of the picture elements I, and c is the spacing width of two adjacent rows of picture elements.
Preferably, the imaging efficiency η is calculated from the formula
Where w is the horizontal aperture width of the pinhole, v i Is the vertical aperture width of the I-th row of pinholes, n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction, p is the pitch of the grating unit I, and y is the vertical width of the display screen.
Preferably, the viewing angle θ of the 3D image I 1 Viewing angle θ of 3D image II 2 The method comprises the following steps:
where a is the width of the picture element I, b is the interval width of two adjacent columns of picture elements I, w is the horizontal aperture width of the pinholes, l is the optimal viewing distance, g is the distance between the display screen and the graded aperture pinhole array, and m is the number of picture elements I in the horizontal direction.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention provides a polarization grating and image element arrangement mode and a gradient aperture pinhole array matched with the polarization grating and image element arrangement mode, and the maximum viewing angle can be obtained at the optimal viewing distance, so that on one hand, the imaging efficiency is increased, and on the other hand, the sizes of the polarization grating, a display screen and the gradient aperture pinhole array are reduced, and therefore, the cost of the double-vision 3D display device based on the gradient aperture pinhole array is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention in a horizontal direction
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of picture elements according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vertical image element I according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a vertical image element II according to the present invention
The graphic reference numerals in the above figures are:
1. the display screen, 2 polarization gratings, 3 gradual change aperture pinhole arrays, 4 polarization glasses I,5 polarization glasses II,6 grating units I,7 grating units II,8 image elements I,9 image elements II,10 spacing of two adjacent columns of image elements I, 11 spacing of two adjacent columns of image elements II, 12.3D image I and 13.3D image II.
It should be understood that the above-described figures are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
An exemplary embodiment of the dual vision 3D display method based on the progressive aperture pinhole array of the present invention will be described in detail, and the present invention will be described in further detail. It is noted that the following examples are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention will be within the scope of the invention as viewed by one skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosure.
The invention provides a double-view 3D display method based on a gradient aperture pinhole array, which realizes double-view 3D display through integrated imaging display equipment; the integrated imaging display device is characterized by comprising a display screen, a polarization grating, a gradual change aperture pinhole array, a polarization glasses I and a polarization glasses II; the display screen, the polarization grating and the gradual change aperture pinhole array are sequentially arranged in parallel, as shown in figure 1; the horizontal widths of the polarization grating and the graded aperture pinhole array are the same; the vertical widths of the polarization grating and the gradient aperture pinhole array are the same; the polarization grating is attached to the display screen; the polarization grating is formed by alternately arranging grating units I and grating units II in the horizontal direction, and the polarization direction of the grating unit I is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the grating unit II; the pitch of the grating units I is equal to that of the grating units II; the display screen is used for displaying an image element I and an image element II, as shown in figure 2; image element I is acquired from 3D scene I, and image element II is acquired from 3D scene II; the width of picture element I is equal to the width of picture element II; the interval width of two adjacent columns of image elements I is equal to the interval width of two adjacent columns of image elements II; the interval width between two adjacent columns of image elements I and II is equal to 0; the interval width of two adjacent rows of image elements is the same; a single grating unit I corresponds to two columns of image elements I; the centers of the intervals of two adjacent columns of image elements I are correspondingly aligned with the centers of the corresponding grating units I; a single grating unit II corresponds to two columns of image elements II; the centers of the intervals of two adjacent columns of image elements II are correspondingly aligned with the centers of the corresponding grating units II; center of pinhole and picture elementIs aligned in one-to-one correspondence with the centers of (a) and (b); the horizontal aperture width of the pinholes is the same; the vertical aperture width of the pinholes in the same row is the same; the vertical aperture width of the pinholes positioned at the center of the graded aperture pinhole array is equal to the horizontal aperture width; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the vertical aperture width v of the i-th row of pinholes i Calculated from the following formula
Wherein ceil is an upward rounding function, floor is a downward rounding function, w is the horizontal aperture width of pinholes, n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction, l is the optimal viewing distance, g is the distance between the display screen and the graded aperture pinhole array, a is the width of an image element I, and c is the interval width of two adjacent rows of image elements; reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through the grating unit I and the pinhole corresponding to the image element I; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through the grating unit II and the pinhole corresponding to the image element II; the polarization direction of the polarized glasses I is the same as that of the grating unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarized glasses II is the same as that of the grating unit II; only the 3D image I can be seen through the polarization glasses I and only the 3D image II can be seen through the polarization glasses II.
Preferably, the pitch p of the grating elements I is calculated by
p＝2a+b (2)
Where a is the width of the picture element I and b is the width of the interval between two adjacent columns of picture elements I.
Preferably, the number of grating units I is equal to the number of grating units II; the horizontal width x of the display screen and the vertical width y of the display screen are calculated by the following formula
x＝mp (3)
y＝na+nc-c (4)
Where m is the number of picture elements I in the horizontal direction, p is the pitch of the grating elements I, n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction, a is the width of the picture elements I, and c is the spacing width of two adjacent rows of picture elements.
Preferably, the imaging efficiency η is calculated from the formula
Where w is the horizontal aperture width of the pinhole, v i Is the vertical aperture width of the I-th row of pinholes, n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction, p is the pitch of the grating unit I, and y is the vertical width of the display screen.
Preferably, the viewing angle θ of the 3D image I 1 Viewing angle θ of 3D image II 2 The method comprises the following steps:
where a is the width of the picture element I, b is the interval width of two adjacent columns of picture elements I, w is the horizontal aperture width of the pinholes, l is the optimal viewing distance, g is the distance between the display screen and the graded aperture pinhole array, and m is the number of picture elements I in the horizontal direction.
The width of the image element I is 3mm, the interval width of two adjacent columns of image elements I is 2mm, the interval width of two adjacent rows of image elements I is 2mm, the horizontal aperture width of pinholes is 1mm, the distance between a display screen and a gradual aperture pinhole array is 5mm, the number of the image elements I in the horizontal direction is 4, the number of pinholes in the vertical direction is 3, and the optimal viewing distance is 495mm, and then the vertical aperture width of pinholes in the 1 st to 3 th rows is 1.1mm, 1mm and 1.1mm calculated by the formula (1); the pitch of the grating unit I is 8mm calculated by the formula (2); calculating from the formula (3) and the formula (4) to obtain the horizontal width and the vertical width of the display screen respectively of 32mm and 13mm; the imaging efficiency calculated from formula (5) was 6.2%; calculating the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image I and the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image II according to the formula (6) to be 42 degrees; in the prior art scheme based on the above parameters, the horizontal width and the vertical width of the display screen are 40mm and 15mm, respectively, and the imaging efficiency is 4%.
Claims (5)
1. The method realizes double-vision 3D display through integrated imaging display equipment; which is a kind ofThe integrated imaging display device is characterized by comprising a display screen, a polarization grating, a gradual change aperture pinhole array, a polarization glasses I and a polarization glasses II; the display screen, the polarization grating and the gradual change aperture pinhole array are sequentially arranged in parallel, as shown in figure 1; the horizontal widths of the polarization grating and the graded aperture pinhole array are the same; the vertical widths of the polarization grating and the gradient aperture pinhole array are the same; the polarization grating is attached to the display screen; the polarization grating is formed by alternately arranging grating units I and grating units II in the horizontal direction, and the polarization direction of the grating unit I is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the grating unit II; the pitch of the grating units I is equal to that of the grating units II; the display screen is used for displaying an image element I and an image element II, as shown in figure 2; image element I is acquired from 3D scene I, and image element II is acquired from 3D scene II; the width of picture element I is equal to the width of picture element II; the interval width of two adjacent columns of image elements I is equal to the interval width of two adjacent columns of image elements II; the interval width between two adjacent columns of image elements I and II is equal to 0; the interval width of two adjacent rows of image elements is the same; a single grating unit I corresponds to two columns of image elements I; the centers of the intervals of two adjacent columns of image elements I are correspondingly aligned with the centers of the corresponding grating units I; a single grating unit II corresponds to two columns of image elements II; the centers of the intervals of two adjacent columns of image elements II are correspondingly aligned with the centers of the corresponding grating units II; the center of the pinhole is aligned with the center of the image element in a one-to-one correspondence; the horizontal aperture width of the pinholes is the same; the vertical aperture width of the pinholes in the same row is the same; the vertical aperture width of the pinholes positioned at the center of the graded aperture pinhole array is equal to the horizontal aperture width; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the vertical aperture width v of the i-th row of pinholes i Calculated from the following formula
Wherein ceil is an upward rounding function, floor is a downward rounding function, w is the horizontal aperture width of pinholes, n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction, l is the optimal viewing distance, g is the distance between the display screen and the graded aperture pinhole array, a is the width of an image element I, and c is the interval width of two adjacent rows of image elements; reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through the grating unit I and the pinhole corresponding to the image element I; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through the grating unit II and the pinhole corresponding to the image element II; the polarization direction of the polarized glasses I is the same as that of the grating unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarized glasses II is the same as that of the grating unit II; only the 3D image I can be seen through the polarization glasses I and only the 3D image II can be seen through the polarization glasses II.
2. The dual view 3D display method based on the graded aperture pinhole array according to claim 1, wherein the pitch p of the grating unit I is calculated by the following formula
p＝2a+b(2)
Where a is the width of the picture element I and b is the width of the interval between two adjacent columns of picture elements I.
3. The dual view 3D display method based on a graded aperture pinhole array according to claim 1, wherein the number of grating units I is equal to the number of grating units II; the horizontal width x of the display screen and the vertical width y of the display screen are calculated by the following formula
x＝mp(3)
y＝na+nc-c(4)
Where m is the number of picture elements I in the horizontal direction, p is the pitch of the grating elements I, n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction, a is the width of the picture elements I, and c is the spacing width of two adjacent rows of picture elements.
4. The dual-view 3D display method based on the graded aperture pinhole array according to claim 1, wherein the imaging efficiency η is calculated by the following formula
Where w is the horizontal aperture width of the pinhole, v i Is the vertical aperture width of the i-th row of pinholes, n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction,p is the pitch of the raster unit I and y is the vertical width of the display screen.
5. A dual view 3D display method based on a graded aperture pinhole array according to claim 3, characterized in that the viewing angle θ of the 3D image I 1 Viewing angle θ of 3D image II 2 The method comprises the following steps:
where a is the width of the picture element I, b is the interval width of two adjacent columns of picture elements I, w is the horizontal aperture width of the pinholes, l is the optimal viewing distance, g is the distance between the display screen and the graded aperture pinhole array, and m is the number of picture elements I in the horizontal direction.
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