CN117825745A - Typhoon wind speed real-time observation method and equipment based on single vector hydrophone - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a typhoon wind speed real-time observation method and equipment based on a single vector hydrophone, comprising: deploying the observation equipment on the sea outside the typhoon wind field, using the single vector hydrophone to collect noise sound field data at the deployment depth of the vector hydrophone in a typhoon environment, calculating the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise in real time according to the noise sound field data, establishing a wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model according to an empirical formula, establishing a simple normal wave water acoustic propagation model according to the wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model, establishing a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone according to the simple normal wave water acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, estimating the wind speed of the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, receiving the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information in real time, combining the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, and dynamically calculating the sea surface wind speed, thereby reducing the implementation difficulty and cost of typhoon observation and forecasting, and improving timeliness and accuracy.

Description

A real-time observation method and device for typhoon wind speed based on single vector hydrophone

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of ocean observation and detection technology, and in particular to a method and system for real-time observation of typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone, a typhoon observation device, and a computer-readable storage medium.

Background technique

Typhoon is one of the disastrous weather types that seriously threatens human life and activities. Observing and forecasting typhoon wind speed and other parameters can provide humans with timely information, thereby effectively formulating emergency measures, which is of great significance to reducing the impact of typhoon disasters.

In the existing technology, typhoon observation and forecasting are mainly carried out through satellite remote sensing technology and meteorological reconnaissance aircraft. Although satellite remote sensing technology can effectively monitor the formation and movement path of typhoons over a large area, the forecast accuracy of parameters such as typhoon wind speed still needs to be improved. On-site observation of typhoons using reconnaissance aircraft is difficult and costly, and there are high risks to the safety of aircraft and personnel. Therefore, reconnaissance aircraft are rarely used.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present application provides a typhoon wind speed real-time observation method, system, typhoon observation equipment and computer-readable storage medium based solely on vector hydrophones to solve the problems in the prior art of poor observation and forecasting accuracy caused by typhoon observation and forecasting through satellite remote sensing technology, and the difficulty, high cost and low safety of typhoon observation and forecasting through meteorological reconnaissance aircraft.

The present application proposes a typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone, and the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone includes:

Deploy typhoon observation equipment on the sea outside the typhoon wind field, and use a single vector hydrophone of the typhoon observation equipment to collect noise sound field data at the deployment depth of the vector hydrophone in a typhoon environment;

Calculate the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise in real time according to the noise sound field data;

According to the empirical formula, the spectrum intensity model of wind-generated noise source is established;

According to the wind-generated noise source spectrum intensity model, a simple normal wave underwater sound propagation model is established;

According to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, a cost function of the wind speed on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone is established to estimate the wind speed on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone;

The typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by the shore-based center are received in real time via satellite, and the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center is dynamically calculated in combination with the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone.

Optionally, the noise sound field data includes a sound pressure component and a vertical vibration velocity component; and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise is calculated in real time according to the noise sound field data, specifically comprising:

Acquire noise sound field data of a first time length, perform Fourier transform on the sound pressure component and the vertical vibration velocity component, and obtain a sound pressure complex spectrum and a vertical vibration velocity complex spectrum of the first time length;

Calculating the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the measured noise of the vector hydrophone according to the complex sound pressure spectrum and the vertical vibration velocity complex spectrum;

The calculation formula of the real part of the vertical component of the measured noise complex sound intensity is:

Among them, _Izmeasured (f, _zr ) is the real part of the vertical component of the measured noise complex sound intensity; f is the center frequency of the signal; Re is the real part of the complex quantity; * is the complex conjugate symbol; <·> represents the sliding window average periodogram; _zr is the water depth of the vector hydrophone, r is the horizontal distance between the vector hydrophone and the typhoon center, _Sp (f, _zr ) is the complex spectrum of sound pressure, and _Svz (f, _zr ) is the complex spectrum of vertical vibration velocity.

Optionally, establishing a wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model according to an empirical formula specifically includes:

According to the frequency and wind speed of wind-induced noise sources in the marine environment and the empirical formula of wind-induced noise sources, a spectrum intensity model of wind-induced noise sources on the sea surface in a typhoon environment is established.

The calculation formula of the wind-generated noise source spectrum intensity model is:

SI _w (U,f,z _s ) = C × f ^q × U ⁿ ;

z _s = c _w /4f;

Among them, SI _w (U,f,z _s ) is the spectral intensity of the wind-induced noise source; U is the sea surface wind speed, and the parameter optimization range of U is 4-16; z _s is the water depth of the noise source; c _w is the propagation speed of the sound wave in the water body at the sound source; C is the first parameter; q is the second parameter; n is the third parameter, and z _s is the depth at which each wind-induced noise source excited by the typhoon is evenly distributed on the sea surface.

Optionally, establishing a normal wave underwater sound propagation model according to the wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model specifically includes:

According to the spectral intensity model of wind-induced noise source on the sea surface under typhoon environment and the simple normal wave theory, an underwater simple normal wave acoustic propagation model of wind-induced noise source under typhoon excitation at the receiving position of the vector hydrophone is established;

The calculation formula of the underwater normal wave acoustic propagation model is:

_km = _αm + _iβm ;

Among them, _Iz (f, _zr ) is the underwater simple normal wave acoustic propagation data, ρ=1.0, ρ is the water density, _ψm is the mth vertical mode characteristic function when the center frequency of the noise source signal is f, _km is the corresponding modal horizontal propagation eigenvalue, _αm is the real part of _km , _βm is the imaginary part of _km , _ψm ′ is the derivative of the characteristic function, i is the imaginary unit, Re is the real part of the complex number, _SIw (U,f, _zs , _zr ) is the spectral intensity of the wind-induced noise source corresponding to the sea surface wind speed above the hydrophone receiving point, and _Ur is the sea surface wind speed above the hydrophone.

Optionally, establishing a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone according to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, and estimating the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone specifically includes:

According to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone with respect to the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter is established by using a multi-frequency joint inversion method and a multi-parameter parallel particle swarm genetic optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter;

The calculation formula of the cost function is:

Among them, E(C,q,n) is the cost function, J represents the number of frequencies used for inversion calculation, and the parameter optimization range of n is 2.5-3.5.

Optionally, the receiving of typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by a shore-based center in real time via a satellite, combined with the estimated real-time wind speed of the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, and dynamically calculating the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center specifically includes:

Obtaining the optimal first parameter, second parameter and third parameter to obtain the wind speed of the sea surface above the vector hydrophone;

receiving in real time via satellite the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by the shore-based center;

The real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, the typhoon eye pressure and the typhoon eyewall radius are combined, and a typhoon wind field calculation model is used to obtain a dynamic calculation expression for the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center to obtain the sea surface wind speed.

Optionally, the dynamic calculation expression of the sea surface wind speed is:

_Rw = A1 ^/B ;

Among them, U(d) is the sea surface wind speed at the vector hydrophone, _pn is the typhoon eye pressure, _pc is the periphery of the typhoon wind field, _Rw is the radius of the typhoon eyewall, e≈2.71828 is a natural constant, _ρa ＝1.15 is the air density, A is the first intermediate parameter, B is the second intermediate parameter, and d is the horizontal distance between the observed wind speed and the typhoon center.

The present application also proposes a typhoon wind speed real-time observation system based on a single vector hydrophone, the typhoon wind speed real-time observation system based on a single vector hydrophone comprises:

A noise sound field data acquisition module is used to deploy typhoon observation equipment on the sea outside the typhoon wind field, and use a single vector hydrophone of the typhoon observation equipment to collect noise sound field data at the deployment depth of the vector hydrophone in a typhoon environment;

A noise complex sound intensity vertical component real part calculation module, used for calculating the noise complex sound intensity vertical component real part in real time according to the noise sound field data;

A module for establishing a spectrum intensity model of wind-generated noise sources is used to establish a spectrum intensity model of wind-generated noise sources based on empirical formulas;

A simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model establishment module is used to establish a simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model according to the wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model;

The sea surface wind speed observation module above the vector hydrophone is used to establish a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone according to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, and estimate the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone;

The sea surface wind speed real-time observation module is used to receive the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by the shore-based center in real time via satellite, and dynamically calculate the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center in combination with the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone.

The present application also proposes a typhoon observation device, which includes: a single vector hydrophone, a satellite communication module, a memory, a processor, and a typhoon wind speed real-time observation program based on a single vector hydrophone stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the typhoon wind speed real-time observation program based on a single vector hydrophone is executed by the processor, the steps of the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone as described above are implemented.

The present application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a typhoon wind speed real-time observation program based on a single vector hydrophone. When the typhoon wind speed real-time observation program based on a single vector hydrophone is executed by a processor, the steps of the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone as described above are implemented.

The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: Different from the prior art, the present application deploys the typhoon observation equipment at sea outside the typhoon wind field, uses the single vector hydrophone of the typhoon observation equipment to collect the noise sound field data at the depth of the vector hydrophone deployment in the typhoon environment, and uses shore-based remote sensing satellite data to receive noise data in real time, dynamically optimizes the typhoon wind speed model parameters, realizes the dynamic calculation and real-time feedback of wind speeds in typhoon wind fields at different distances, and effectively improves the accuracy and efficiency of typhoon wind speed observation and forecasting; secondly, the present application calculates the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise in real time according to the noise sound field data, establishes a spectral intensity model of the wind-induced noise source according to the empirical formula, and establishes a simple normal wave water acoustic propagation model according to the spectral intensity model of the wind-induced noise source. The simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise are used to establish the cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone, estimate the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone, and centrally obtain the sea surface noise characteristics of the hydrophone, effectively filter out other noise interference, reduce the implementation difficulty and cost, and improve the observation and forecasting accuracy; finally, this application receives the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eyewall radius information sent by the shore-based center via satellite in real time, combines the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, dynamically calculates the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center, and sends the calculation results to the shore in real time via Iridium communication, so as to realize real-time observation and forecasting of typhoon wind field wind speed information, which is accurate, efficient and easy for engineering application.

It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

FIG1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method for real-time observation of typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the typhoon observation equipment of the present application;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional coordinate system in ocean space of the real-time observation method of typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone of the present application;

4 is a diagram of the real-time observation and forecast calculation steps of the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method of the present application based on a single vector hydrophone for typhoon wind speed information on the sea surface in a typhoon wind field;

FIG5 is a diagram showing the simulation results of the sea surface pressure in a typhoon wind field according to the method for real-time observation of typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone of the present application;

FIG6 is a diagram showing the simulation results of the sea surface wind speed in a typhoon wind field according to the real-time observation method of typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone of the present application;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a preferred embodiment of the typhoon wind speed real-time observation system based on a single vector hydrophone of the present application;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the operating environment of a preferred embodiment of the typhoon observation equipment of the present application.

Among them, the figure reference numerals are: 10, buoy assembly; 11, buoy body; 12, data storage and processing module; 13, satellite communication module; 20, vector hydrophone; 30, optoelectronic composite cable; 40, anchor block; 50, acoustic releaser; 60, shore-based center; 70, memory; 80, processor; 90, display; 100, typhoon wind speed real-time observation program based on single vector hydrophone.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method, system, typhoon observation equipment and computer-readable storage medium based on a single vector hydrophone provided by the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It can be understood that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

The present application provides a typhoon wind speed real-time observation method, system, typhoon observation equipment and computer-readable storage medium based on a single vector hydrophone to solve the problems in the prior art of poor observation and forecasting accuracy caused by typhoon observation and forecasting through satellite remote sensing technology, and the difficulty, high cost and low safety caused by typhoon observation and forecasting through meteorological reconnaissance aircraft.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, Figure 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the typhoon observation equipment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the ocean space two-dimensional coordinate system of the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone of the present application; Figure 4 is a diagram of the real-time observation and forecast calculation steps of the typhoon wind field sea surface wind speed information of the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone of the present application;

Figure 5 is a diagram showing the simulation results of the sea surface air pressure in a typhoon wind field according to the real-time observation method of typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone of the present application; Figure 6 is a diagram showing the simulation results of the sea surface wind speed in a typhoon wind field according to the real-time observation method of typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone of the present application.

The present application proposes a real-time observation method for typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone. The real-time observation method for typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone uses typhoon observation equipment for observation. As shown in FIG2 , the typhoon observation equipment includes a buoy assembly 10, a vector hydrophone 20, an optoelectronic composite cable 30 and an anchor block 40. Wherein, the buoy assembly 10 can be set on the sea surface, and the buoy assembly 10 may include a data storage and processing module 12 and a satellite communication module 13, the data storage and processing module 12 is communicatively connected to the satellite communication module 13, and the satellite communication module 13 is connected to the shore-based center 60 through satellite communication; the vector hydrophone 20 can be set below the buoy assembly 10, and the vector hydrophone 20 can be used to monitor and collect the noise field data of the typhoon, and the noise field data includes but is not limited to the noise sound pressure component and the vertical vibration velocity component; the optoelectronic composite cable 30 can be connected between the buoy assembly 10 and the vector hydrophone 20, and the optoelectronic composite cable 30 can be used to transmit the noise field data to the data storage and processing module 12; the anchor block 40 can be set on the seabed, and the anchor block 40 can be connected to the end of the vector hydrophone 20 away from the buoy assembly 10, and the anchor block 40 can be used to moor the vector hydrophone 20; the satellite communication module 13 can be used to communicate with the shore-based center 60 in a two-way manner, and the data storage and processing module 12 can be used to store and calculate the noise field data to obtain the wind speed of the sea surface above the vector hydrophone.

In some embodiments, the satellite communication module 13 may select Iridium communication, or other communication methods such as Beidou communication, as long as the needs are met.

In some embodiments, the typhoon observation equipment may further include an acoustic releaser 50 . The acoustic releaser 50 may be disposed between the anchor block 40 and the vector hydrophone 20 . The acoustic releaser 50 may be used for secondary recovery of the vector hydrophone 20 .

In some embodiments, the buoy assembly 10 includes a buoy body 11 , in which the data storage and processing module 12 and the satellite communication module 13 are both disposed. The buoy body 11 is used to support the data storage and processing module 12 and the satellite communication module 13 .

In some embodiments, the vector hydrophone 20 may be provided as a single one, or may be provided in plurality as required. An array arrangement of a plurality of vector hydrophones 20 may make the detection result more accurate.

In some embodiments, the vector hydrophone 20 can be designed to be self-contained, and the observation equipment can be recovered after a typhoon occurs. The shore-based center 60 uses the collected data to obtain typhoon wind speed information according to the same inversion calculation method.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the method for real-time observation of typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone comprises the steps of:

Step S100: deploying typhoon observation equipment on the sea outside the typhoon wind field, and using a single vector hydrophone of the typhoon observation equipment to collect noise sound field data at the deployment depth of the vector hydrophone in a typhoon environment.

Specifically, the typhoon observation equipment is deployed on the sea outside the typhoon wind field, away from the typhoon center, or on the sea at a first distance from the typhoon center, wherein the first distance can be selected within the range of 500 to 1000 kilometers. A single vector hydrophone is used to collect noise sound field data at the depth of the vector hydrophone deployment in a typhoon environment, and the noise sound field data is transmitted to the data storage and processing module through an optoelectronic composite cable. The data storage and processing module transmits the noise sound field data to the satellite communication module, and the satellite communication module transmits the noise sound field data to the shore-based center.

A two-dimensional coordinate system is established in the ocean space, as shown in Figure 3. The various wind-generated noise sources excited by the typhoon are evenly distributed at the infinite sea surface depth _zs , where _zr is the water depth of the hydrophone and r is the horizontal distance between the hydrophone and the typhoon center.

Step S200: Calculate the real part of the vertical component of the noise complex sound intensity in real time according to the noise sound field data.

Specifically, the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise is calculated in real time according to the noise sound field data, in preparation for establishing a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone.

The noise sound field data includes a sound pressure component and a vertical vibration velocity component; the step S200: calculating the real part of the vertical component of the noise complex sound intensity in real time according to the noise sound field data specifically includes:

Acquire noise sound field data of a first time length, perform Fourier transform on the sound pressure component and the vertical velocity component of the noise sound field data, and obtain a sound pressure complex spectrum and a vertical velocity complex spectrum of the first time length;

Calculating the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the measured noise of the vector hydrophone according to the complex sound pressure spectrum and the vertical vibration velocity complex spectrum;

The calculation formula of the real part of the vertical component of the measured noise complex sound intensity is:

Among them, _Izmeasured (f, _zr ) is the real part of the vertical component of the measured noise complex sound intensity; f is the center frequency of the signal; Re is the real part of the complex quantity; * is the complex conjugate symbol; <·> represents the sliding window average periodogram; _zr is the water depth of the vector hydrophone, r is the horizontal distance between the vector hydrophone and the typhoon center, _Sp (f, _zr ) is the complex spectrum of sound pressure, and _Svz (f, _zr ) is the complex spectrum of vertical vibration velocity.

Specifically, noise sound field data at the position of the vector hydrophone is acquired in real time, the noise sound field data including but not limited to a sound pressure component p(z _r ) and a vertical vibration velocity component v _z (z _r ), noise sound field data of different components in the same time period of a first time length t _n are acquired, the sound pressure component and the vertical vibration velocity component of the noise sound field data are Fourier transformed to obtain a sound pressure complex spectrum and a vertical vibration velocity complex spectrum of the first time length, and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the measured noise of the vector hydrophone is calculated according to the mean value of the complex sound pressure spectrum and the complex vertical vibration velocity spectrum:

Where _tn is the length of Fourier transform time; f is the center frequency of the signal; Re is the real part of the complex quantity; * is the complex conjugate symbol; <·> represents the sliding window average periodogram.

Step S300: Establishing a wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model according to an empirical formula.

Specifically, based on empirical formulas, ocean environmental noise and sea surface wind speed, a spectral intensity model of wind-induced noise sources is established to prepare for the establishment of a simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model.

The step S300: establishing a wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model according to an empirical formula, specifically includes:

According to the frequency and wind speed of wind noise sources in the marine environment and the empirical formula of wind noise sources, a spectrum intensity model of wind noise sources on the sea surface in a typhoon environment is established.

The calculation formula of the wind-generated noise source spectrum intensity model is:

SI _w (U,f,z _s ) = C × f ^q × U ⁿ ;

z _s = c _w /4f;

Among them, SI _w (U,f,z _s ) is the spectral intensity of the wind-induced noise source; U is the sea surface wind speed, and the parameter optimization range of U is 4-16; z _s is the water depth of the noise source; c _w is the propagation speed of the sound wave in the water body at the sound source; C is the first parameter; q is the second parameter; n is the third parameter, and z _s is the depth at which each wind-induced noise source excited by the typhoon is evenly distributed on the sea surface.

Specifically, the wind-induced noise source is determined by the frequency and wind speed. According to the frequency and wind speed of the wind-induced noise source in the ocean environment under the typhoon environment, and the empirical formula of Wilson and Piggott wind-induced noise source, the spectrum intensity model SI _w (U, f, z _s ) of the wind-induced noise source on the sea surface under the typhoon environment is established, and its expression is:

SI _w (U,f,z _s ) = C × f ^q × U ⁿ ;

z _s = c _w /4f;

Among them, U is the sea surface wind speed, the parameter optimization range of U is 4-16, it is the parameter to be inverted, and the unit is knot (kn); z _s is the water depth of the noise source; c _w is the propagation speed of the sound wave in the water body at the sound source; C is the first parameter; q is the second parameter; n is the third parameter, all of which are parameters to be determined.

Step S400: establishing a simple normal wave underwater sound propagation model according to the wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model.

Specifically, a simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model is established based on the spectral intensity model of wind-generated noise sources, in preparation for establishing a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone.

The step S400: establishing a normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model according to the wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model, specifically includes:

According to the spectral intensity model of wind-induced noise source on the sea surface under typhoon environment and the simple normal wave theory, an underwater simple normal wave acoustic propagation model of wind-induced noise source under typhoon excitation at the receiving position of the vector hydrophone is established;

The calculation formula of the underwater normal wave acoustic propagation model is:

_km = _αm + _iβm ;

Among them, _Iz (f, _zr ) is the underwater simple normal wave acoustic propagation data, ρ=1.0, ρ is the water density, _ψm is the mth vertical mode characteristic function when the center frequency of the noise source signal is f, _km is the corresponding modal horizontal propagation eigenvalue, _αm is the real part of _km , _βm is the imaginary part of _km , _ψm and _km are parameters obtained by simulation of the simple normal wave acoustic field model, ψm _′ is the derivative of the characteristic function, i is the imaginary unit, _SIw (U,f, _zs , _zr ) is the spectral intensity of the wind-induced noise source corresponding to the sea surface wind speed above the hydrophone receiving point, and _Ur is the sea surface wind speed above the hydrophone.

Specifically, according to the established spectral intensity model of wind-induced noise sources on the sea surface under typhoon environment and the simple normal wave theory, it is assumed that each wind-induced noise source is a uniformly distributed point source, distributed on an infinite plane parallel to the sea surface at a depth of _zs , and the marine environment is vertically stratified and does not change with distance. When the receiving hydrophone is far away from the typhoon center, it is assumed that the point noise sources excited by the typhoon are irrelevant to each other. Then, under the action of the wind-induced noise source excited by the typhoon, according to the simple normal wave theory, an underwater simple normal wave acoustic propagation model of the wind-induced noise source under typhoon excitation at the receiving position of the vector hydrophone is established:

Among them, ρ = 1.0, ρ is the water density; ψ _m is the mth vertical mode characteristic function when the center frequency of the noise source signal is f, _km = α _m + iβ _m is the corresponding modal horizontal propagation eigenvalue, ψ _m and _km are obtained by Kraken simulation calculation of the simple normal wave acoustic field model; ψ _m ′ is the derivative of the characteristic function; i is the imaginary unit; SI _w (U,f,z _s ,z _r ) is the spectral intensity of the wind-induced noise source corresponding to the sea surface wind speed above the hydrophone receiving point; U _r is the sea surface wind speed above the hydrophone.

Step S500: establishing a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone according to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the noise complex sound intensity, and estimating the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone.

Specifically, according to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone is established. Through the simulation results of the cost function model and the measured calculation data, a multi-parameter parallel particle swarm genetic optimization algorithm is used to inversely calculate the unknown parameters of the relational norm, and the wind speed on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone is estimated.

The step S500: establishing a cost function of the wind speed on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone according to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, and estimating the wind speed on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, specifically includes:

According to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone with respect to the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter is established by using a multi-frequency joint inversion method and a multi-parameter parallel particle swarm genetic optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter;

The calculation formula of the cost function is:

Among them, E(C,q,n) is the cost function, J represents the number of frequencies used for inversion calculation, and the parameter optimization range of n is 2.5-3.5.

Specifically, according to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, the multi-frequency joint inversion method is used, and the calculation process adopts a multi-parameter parallel particle swarm genetic optimization algorithm to calculate the cumulative minimum square error under J frequencies, and obtain the minimum value of the objective function E(C, q, n). The cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone with respect to the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter is established to obtain the optimal first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter;

The calculation formula of the cost function is:

Wherein, J represents the number of frequencies used for inversion calculation, and the parameter optimization range of n is 2.5-3.5.

Step S600: receiving the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eyewall radius information sent by the shore-based center in real time via satellite, combining the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, and dynamically calculating the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center.

Specifically, the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by the shore-based center are received in real time by satellite, and the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center is dynamically calculated in combination with the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone. The inverse calculated typhoon wind speed is transmitted to the shore-based center via Iridium communication, so as to realize the real-time observation and forecast of the typhoon wind field wind speed information, which is accurate, efficient and easy for engineering application.

The step S600 includes receiving the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by the shore-based center in real time via a satellite, combining the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, and dynamically calculating the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center, specifically including:

Obtaining the optimal first parameter, second parameter and third parameter to obtain the wind speed of the sea surface above the vector hydrophone;

receiving in real time via satellite the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by the shore-based center;

The real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, the typhoon eye pressure and the typhoon eyewall radius are combined, and a typhoon wind field calculation model is used to obtain a dynamic calculation expression for the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center to obtain the sea surface wind speed.

The dynamic calculation expression of the sea surface wind speed is:

_Rw = A1 ^/B ;

Among them, U(d) is the sea surface wind speed at the vector hydrophone, _pn is the typhoon eye pressure, _pc is the periphery of the typhoon wind field, _Rw is the radius of the typhoon eyewall, e≈2.71828 is a natural constant, _ρa ＝1.15 is the air density, A is the first intermediate parameter, B is the second intermediate parameter, and d is the horizontal distance between the observed wind speed and the typhoon center.

Specifically, the optimal first parameter, second parameter and third parameter are obtained to obtain the wind speed on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, and the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye radius information sent by the shore-based center are received in real time via satellite. According to the wind speed on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, the typhoon eye pressure and the typhoon eye radius, the Holland typhoon wind field calculation model is used to give a real-time calculation expression for the sea surface wind speed at the vector hydrophone at a distance r from the typhoon center to obtain the sea surface wind speed, as shown in FIG5 , a simulation result diagram of the sea surface pressure in a typhoon wind field, and as shown in FIG6 , a simulation result diagram of the sea surface wind speed in a typhoon wind field.

The real-time calculation expression of sea surface wind speed at the vector hydrophone is:

_Rw = A1 ^/B ;

Among them, _pn is the typhoon eye pressure, in Pascal (Pa), _pc is the typhoon wind field periphery pressure, in Pascal (Pa), _Rw is the typhoon eyewall radius, e≈2.71828 is a natural constant, _ρa ＝1.15 is the air density, A is the first intermediate parameter, and B is the second intermediate parameter, all of which are parameters to be determined and are obtained in real time based on _Ur obtained by inversion calculation.

R _w , p _n , _pc and the distance from the buoy to the typhoon center are remotely acquired from the shore-based center via the Iridium satellite communication installed on the buoy. Then, the distance d from the typhoon center is taken in the range of 0-1000km to obtain the sea surface wind speed U(d) under typhoon excitation at different distances. The inverted typhoon wind speed is transmitted to the shore-based center via the Iridium satellite communication to realize real-time observation and forecast of the typhoon.

The principle of the real-time observation method of typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone is shown in Figure 4. First, the vector hydrophone obtains the noise sound pressure component and the vertical vibration velocity component, and calculates the real part of the vertical component of the noise complex sound intensity; then the KRAKEN sound field calculation program is used to simulate and obtain the simple normal wave characteristic function and eigenvalue; then the constructed relationship model is used to calculate the spectrum intensity of the wind-induced noise source on the sea surface; then the multi-parameter parallel particle swarm genetic optimization algorithm is used to obtain the unknown parameters of the relationship model; then the sea surface wind speed above the hydrophone is calculated; then the typhoon pressure, eyewall radius and other parameters sent by the shore-based center are received through Iridium communication; then the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center is dynamically calculated; finally, the calculation results are sent to the shore in real time through Iridium communication.

Please refer to Figures 7 to 8. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a preferred embodiment of the typhoon wind speed real-time observation system based on a single vector hydrophone of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the operating environment of a preferred embodiment of the typhoon observation equipment of the present application.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7 , based on the above-mentioned typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone, the present application further proposes a typhoon wind speed real-time observation system based on a single vector hydrophone, and the typhoon wind speed real-time observation system based on a single vector hydrophone includes:

The noise sound field data collection module 51 is used to deploy the typhoon observation equipment on the sea outside the typhoon wind field, and use a single vector hydrophone of the typhoon observation equipment to collect the noise sound field data at the deployment depth of the vector hydrophone in the typhoon environment;

A noise complex sound intensity vertical component real part calculation module 52, used for calculating the noise complex sound intensity vertical component real part in real time according to the noise sound field data;

A wind-generated noise source spectrum intensity model establishment module 53 is used to establish a wind-generated noise source spectrum intensity model according to an empirical formula;

A simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model establishing module 54 is used to establish a simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model according to the wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model;

The sea surface wind speed observation module 55 above the vector hydrophone is used to establish a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone according to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, and estimate the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone;

The sea surface wind speed real-time observation module 56 is used to receive the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by the shore-based center in real time via satellite, and dynamically calculate the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center in combination with the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8 , based on the above-mentioned typhoon wind speed real-time observation method and system based on a single vector hydrophone, the present application also proposes a typhoon observation device accordingly, and the typhoon observation device includes: a single vector hydrophone 20, a satellite communication module 13, a memory 70, a processor 80, and a display 90. FIG8 only shows some components of the typhoon observation device, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement all the components shown, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.

In some embodiments, the memory 70 may be an internal storage unit of the typhoon observation device, such as a hard disk or memory of the typhoon observation device. In other embodiments, the memory 70 may also be an external storage device of the typhoon observation device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the typhoon observation device. Further, the memory 70 may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the typhoon observation device. The memory 70 is used to store application software and various types of data installed in the typhoon observation device, such as the program code of the typhoon observation device. The memory 70 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

In one embodiment, a typhoon wind speed real-time observation program 100 based on a single vector hydrophone is stored in the memory 70, and the typhoon wind speed real-time observation program 100 based on a single vector hydrophone can be executed by the processor 80, thereby realizing the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone in the present application.

In some embodiments, the processor 80 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor or other data processing chip, used to run the program code or process data stored in the memory 70, such as executing the real-time observation method of typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone.

In some embodiments, the display 90 may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touch device, etc. The display 90 is used to display information on the typhoon observation device and to display a visual user interface. The components 10-30 of the typhoon observation device communicate with each other via a system bus.

The present application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a typhoon wind speed real-time observation program based on a single vector hydrophone. When the typhoon wind speed real-time observation program based on a single vector hydrophone is executed by a processor, the steps of the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone as described above are implemented.

In summary, the present application deploys the typhoon observation equipment on the sea outside the typhoon wind field, uses the single vector hydrophone of the typhoon observation equipment to collect the noise sound field data at the deployment depth of the vector hydrophone in the typhoon environment, and uses the shore-based remote sensing satellite data to receive the noise data in real time, dynamically optimizes the typhoon wind speed model parameters, realizes the dynamic calculation and real-time feedback of the wind speed in the typhoon wind field at different distances, and effectively improves the accuracy and efficiency of typhoon wind speed observation and forecasting; secondly, the present application calculates the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise in real time according to the noise sound field data, establishes a wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model according to the empirical formula, and establishes a simple normal wave water acoustic propagation model according to the wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model. The model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise are used to establish a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone, estimate the wind speed on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, centrally obtain the sea surface noise characteristics of the hydrophone, effectively filter out other noise interference, reduce the implementation difficulty and cost, and improve the observation and forecast accuracy; finally, the application uses a satellite to receive the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eyewall radius information sent by the shore-based center in real time, combined with the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, dynamically calculates the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center, and sends the calculation results to the shore in real time through Iridium communication, so as to realize real-time observation and forecasting of typhoon wind field wind speed information, which is accurate, efficient and easy for engineering application.

It should be noted that the various optional implementations introduced in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in combination with each other or can be implemented separately, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, and a specific orientation structure and operation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

The above embodiments are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and other different forms and embodiments are also feasible without departing from the principles of the present application, so the present application should not be constructed as a limitation of the embodiments proposed herein. More specifically, these embodiments are provided so that the present application will be perfect and complete, and the scope of the present application will be conveyed to those skilled in the art. In the accompanying drawings, the component sizes and relative sizes may be exaggerated for clarity. The terms used herein are only based on the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. The terms "comprising" and/or "including" when used in this specification indicate the presence of the features, integers, components and/or components, but do not exclude the presence or increase of one or more other feature integers, components, components and/or their groups. Unless otherwise indicated, when stated, the numerical range includes the upper and lower limits of the range and any sub-ranges therebetween.

The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent device or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone, characterized in that the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone comprises: Deploy typhoon observation equipment on the sea outside the typhoon wind field, and use a single vector hydrophone of the typhoon observation equipment to collect noise sound field data at the deployment depth of the vector hydrophone in a typhoon environment; Calculate the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise in real time according to the noise sound field data; According to the empirical formula, the spectrum intensity model of wind-generated noise source is established; According to the wind-generated noise source spectrum intensity model, a simple normal wave underwater sound propagation model is established; According to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, a cost function of the wind speed on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone is established to estimate the wind speed on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone; The typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by the shore-based center are received in real time via satellite, and the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center is dynamically calculated in combination with the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone. 2. The method for real-time observation of typhoon wind speed based on single vector hydrophone according to claim 1 is characterized in that the noise sound field data includes a sound pressure component and a vertical vibration velocity component; the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise is calculated in real time according to the noise sound field data, specifically comprising: Acquire noise sound field data of a first time length, perform Fourier transform on the sound pressure component and the vertical vibration velocity component, and obtain a sound pressure complex spectrum and a vertical vibration velocity complex spectrum of the first time length; Calculating the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the measured noise of the vector hydrophone according to the complex sound pressure spectrum and the vertical vibration velocity complex spectrum; The calculation formula of the real part of the vertical component of the measured noise complex sound intensity is: Among them, _Izmeasured (f, _zr ) is the real part of the vertical component of the measured noise complex sound intensity; f is the center frequency of the signal; Re is the real part of the complex quantity; * is the complex conjugate symbol; <·> represents the sliding window average periodogram; _zr is the water depth of the vector hydrophone, r is the horizontal distance between the vector hydrophone and the typhoon center, _Sp (f, _zr ) is the complex spectrum of sound pressure, and _Svz (f, _zr ) is the complex spectrum of vertical vibration velocity. 3. The method for real-time observation of typhoon wind speed based on single vector hydrophone according to claim 2 is characterized in that the establishment of a wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model based on an empirical formula specifically includes: According to the frequency and wind speed of wind-induced noise sources in the marine environment and the empirical formula of wind-induced noise sources, a spectrum intensity model of wind-induced noise sources on the sea surface in a typhoon environment is established. The calculation formula of the wind-generated noise source spectrum intensity model is: SI _w (U,f,z _s ) = C × f ^q × U ⁿ ; z _s = c _w /4f; Among them, SI _w (U,f,z _s ) is the spectral intensity of the wind-induced noise source; U is the sea surface wind speed, and the parameter optimization range of U is 4-16; z _s is the water depth of the noise source; c _w is the propagation speed of the sound wave in the water body at the sound source; C is the first parameter; q is the second parameter; n is the third parameter, and z _s is the depth at which each wind-induced noise source excited by the typhoon is evenly distributed on the sea surface. 4. The method for real-time observation of typhoon wind speed based on single vector hydrophone according to claim 3 is characterized in that the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model is established according to the wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model, specifically comprising: According to the spectral intensity model of wind-induced noise source on the sea surface under typhoon environment and the simple normal wave theory, an underwater simple normal wave acoustic propagation model of wind-induced noise source under typhoon excitation at the receiving position of the vector hydrophone is established; The calculation formula of the underwater normal wave acoustic propagation model is: _km = _αm + _iβm ; Among them, _Iz (f, _zr ) is the underwater simple normal wave acoustic propagation data, ρ=1.0, ρ is the water density, _ψm is the mth vertical mode characteristic function when the center frequency of the noise source signal is f, _km is the corresponding modal horizontal propagation eigenvalue, _αm is the real part of _km , _βm is the imaginary part of _km , _ψm ′ is the derivative of the characteristic function, i is the imaginary unit, Re is the real part of the complex number, _SIw (U,f, _zs , _zr ) is the spectral intensity of the wind-induced noise source corresponding to the sea surface wind speed above the hydrophone receiving point, and _Ur is the sea surface wind speed above the hydrophone. 5. The method for real-time observation of typhoon wind speed based on a single vector hydrophone according to claim 4 is characterized in that the cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone is established according to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, and the wind speed of the sea surface above the vector hydrophone is estimated, which specifically includes: According to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone with respect to the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter is established by using a multi-frequency joint inversion method and a multi-parameter parallel particle swarm genetic optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter; The calculation formula of the cost function is: Among them, E(C,q,n) is the cost function, J represents the number of frequencies used for inversion calculation, and the parameter optimization range of n is 2.5-3.5. 6. The method for real-time observation of typhoon wind speed based on single vector hydrophone according to claim 5 is characterized in that the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by the shore-based center are received in real time by satellite, combined with the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, and the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center is dynamically calculated, specifically comprising: Obtaining the optimal first parameter, second parameter and third parameter to obtain the wind speed of the sea surface above the vector hydrophone; receiving in real time via satellite the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by the shore-based center; The real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone, the typhoon eye pressure and the typhoon eyewall radius are combined, and a typhoon wind field calculation model is used to obtain a dynamic calculation expression for the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center to obtain the sea surface wind speed. 7. The method for real-time observation of typhoon wind speed based on single vector hydrophone according to claim 6, characterized in that the dynamic calculation expression of the sea surface wind speed is: _Rw = A1 ^/B ; Among them, U(d) is the sea surface wind speed at the vector hydrophone, _pn is the typhoon eye pressure, _pc is the periphery of the typhoon wind field, _Rw is the radius of the typhoon eyewall, e≈2.71828 is a natural constant, _ρa ＝1.15 is the air density, A is the first intermediate parameter, B is the second intermediate parameter, and d is the horizontal distance between the observed wind speed and the typhoon center. 8. A typhoon wind speed real-time observation system based on a single vector hydrophone, characterized in that the typhoon wind speed real-time observation system based on a single vector hydrophone comprises: A noise sound field data acquisition module is used to deploy typhoon observation equipment on the sea outside the typhoon wind field, and use a single vector hydrophone of the typhoon observation equipment to collect noise sound field data at the deployment depth of the vector hydrophone in a typhoon environment; A noise complex sound intensity vertical component real part calculation module, used for calculating the noise complex sound intensity vertical component real part in real time according to the noise sound field data; A module for establishing a spectrum intensity model of wind-generated noise sources is used to establish a spectrum intensity model of wind-generated noise sources based on empirical formulas; A simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model establishment module is used to establish a simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model according to the wind-induced noise source spectrum intensity model; The sea surface wind speed observation module above the vector hydrophone is used to establish a cost function of the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone according to the simple normal wave underwater acoustic propagation model and the real part of the vertical component of the complex sound intensity of the noise, and estimate the sea surface wind speed above the vector hydrophone; The sea surface wind speed real-time observation module is used to receive the typhoon eye pressure and typhoon eye wall radius information sent by the shore-based center in real time via satellite, and dynamically calculate the sea surface wind speed at different distances from the typhoon center in combination with the real-time wind speed estimated on the sea surface above the vector hydrophone. 9. A typhoon observation device, characterized in that the typhoon observation device comprises: a single vector hydrophone, a satellite communication module, a memory, a processor, and a typhoon wind speed real-time observation program based on the single vector hydrophone stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the typhoon wind speed real-time observation program based on the single vector hydrophone implements the steps of the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on the single vector hydrophone as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 when executed by the processor. 10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a typhoon wind speed real-time observation program based on a single vector hydrophone, and when the typhoon wind speed real-time observation program based on a single vector hydrophone is executed by a processor, the steps of the typhoon wind speed real-time observation method based on a single vector hydrophone as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.