CN117824717A - Multi-spectrum high-sensitivity detection system combining super resolution and polarization - Google Patents

Multi-spectrum high-sensitivity detection system combining super resolution and polarization Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117824717A
CN117824717A CN202311724339.1A CN202311724339A CN117824717A CN 117824717 A CN117824717 A CN 117824717A CN 202311724339 A CN202311724339 A CN 202311724339A CN 117824717 A CN117824717 A CN 117824717A
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infrared
polarization
visible light
imaging
resolution
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赵海博
胡蝶
杨雯铄
张学敏
刘彦丽
许顺兴
王乐然
柳祎
郑子熙
任维贺
俞越
薛芳
张丽莎
邓红艳
葛婧菁
贺金平
魏久哲
田国梁
庄绪霞
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Beijing Institute of Space Research Mechanical and Electricity
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Beijing Institute of Space Research Mechanical and Electricity
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
    • G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J4/00—Measuring polarisation of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/48—Thermography; Techniques using wholly visual means

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)

Abstract

A multispectral high-sensitivity detection system combining super resolution and polarization comprises a front imaging lens group, a light splitting element, a visible light relay imaging lens group, a visible light coding modulator, a visible light imaging lens group, a visible light polarization modulation module, a visible light camera, an infrared relay imaging lens group, an infrared coding modulator, an infrared imaging lens group, an infrared polarization modulation module, an infrared camera and a data demodulation processing module. The information which can be acquired by the detection system comprises visible light infrared multispectral information, super-resolution information, polarization information, three-dimensional mapping information and temperature information. The invention overcomes the defect of lack of multi-dimensional detection capability of combining visible and infrared super-resolution imaging, visible and infrared polarization detection, multi-spectral detection, size-base height ratio, stereo mapping and the like which are not less than 2 times.

Description

Multi-spectrum high-sensitivity detection system combining super resolution and polarization
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical remote sensing detection, and relates to a multispectral high-sensitivity detection system combining super resolution and polarization.
Background
The multispectral high-sensitivity detection system combining super resolution and polarization has the multidimensional detection capabilities of super resolution imaging, visible and infrared polarization detection, multispectral detection, size-base high ratio combination stereo mapping and the like. Under the condition of ensuring high-fidelity reconstruction, the system achieves the super-resolution capability of visible light and infrared which are more than or equal to 2 times; the polarization detection technology has the capabilities of suppressing clutter, improving image contrast, distinguishing material materials and the like; the visible, infrared and polarization imaging technologies are combined, so that the problem of deficiency of detection characteristics can be solved, and the detection dimension is expanded; the system can acquire multi-view area array imaging information, and obtain three-dimensional mapping information by utilizing the multi-view imaging information to realize rapid three-dimensional live-action modeling. The multi-dimensional detection capability of the system can improve the identifiability of the target under a complex background, realizes high-sensitivity detection, and has important application significance in the technical field of optical remote sensing detection.
The traditional optical remote sensing detection system is generally a single-function detection system, and lacks multi-dimensional detection capability of combining more than or equal to 2 times of visible and infrared super-resolution imaging, visible and infrared polarization detection, multi-spectral detection, size-base height ratio, stereo mapping and the like. The conventional super-resolution method adopts interpolation, learning super-resolution, compressed sensing super-resolution, multi-frame super-resolution and the like. The interpolation super-resolution method is to conduct digital interpolation on the basis of the low-resolution image, the real high-resolution information of the image is not increased, and the real 2 times super-resolution multiplying power cannot be achieved; the super-resolution information of the specific target is calculated by pre-learning feature prior information aiming at the specific target based on the learning super-resolution method, the target aiming at the optical remote sensing detection is natural scenery and artificial scenery, the target type is complex and various, and the real super-resolution detection of all scenery targets cannot be realized based on the learning super-resolution method; based on compressed sensing super-resolution, a small amount of low-resolution information is acquired to reconstruct high-resolution information, the process of compressed sensing reconstruction is an estimation process, and the reconstructed result has uncertainty; based on a multi-frame super-resolution method, unstable characteristics of non-redundant information among frames are brought due to randomness of sub-pixel level dislocation information of object images in a multi-exposure interval, so that the super-resolution reconstruction multiplying power of a sequence image is unstable and cannot reach a theoretical limit, and 2 times of super-resolution high-fidelity reconstruction is difficult to reach.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the system overcomes the defect of single detection function of the traditional optical remote sensing detection system, provides a multispectral high-sensitivity detection system combining super resolution and polarization, and overcomes the defect of the lack of multidimensional detection capability of combining visible and infrared super resolution imaging, visible and infrared polarization detection, multispectral detection, size-base high ratio, three-dimensional mapping and the like which are more than or equal to 2 times.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a multispectral high-sensitivity detection system combining super resolution and polarization comprises a front imaging lens group, a light splitting element, a visible light relay imaging lens group, a visible light coding modulator, a visible light imaging lens group, a visible light polarization modulation module, a visible light camera, an infrared relay imaging lens group, an infrared coding modulator, an infrared imaging lens group, an infrared polarization modulation module, an infrared camera and a data demodulation processing module;
the incident light realizes first area array imaging after passing through the front imaging lens group, and forms visible light primary image and infrared primary image through the light splitting element:
the method comprises the steps that a visible light primary image is projected onto a visible light sub-pixel coding modulator through a visible light relay imaging lens group to realize sub-pixel imaging modulation, a modulated visible light signal is focused and imaged through the visible light imaging lens group, polarized imaging modulation is carried out through a visible light polarization modulation module, the modulated visible light signal is detected and received by a visible light camera, the detected and received signal is a visible light mixed modulation signal with superimposed sub-pixel imaging modulation and polarized imaging modulation, and the visible light mixed modulation signal is subjected to data demodulation processing through a data demodulation processing module, so that visible light super-resolution area array imaging information and visible light polarized area array imaging information are obtained;
the infrared primary image passing through the light splitting element is projected onto an infrared sub-pixel coding modulator through an infrared relay imaging lens group to realize sub-pixel imaging modulation, the modulated infrared signal is converged and imaged through the infrared imaging lens group, then polarized imaging modulation is carried out through an infrared polarization modulation module, the modulated infrared signal is detected and received by an infrared camera, the detected and received signal is an infrared mixed modulation signal with superimposed sub-pixel imaging modulation and polarized imaging modulation, and the infrared mixed modulation signal is subjected to data demodulation processing through a data demodulation processing module, so that infrared super-resolution area array imaging information, infrared polarized area array imaging information and temperature information are obtained.
Further, the visible light subpixel encoding modulator and the infrared subpixel encoding modulator comprise two types: reflective spatial light coding modulator, transmissive spatial light coding modulator.
Further, the visible light polarization modulation module and the infrared polarization modulation module comprise three types: the device comprises a micro-polarization array modulation module, an amplitude-dividing polarization modulation module and an aperture-dividing polarization modulation module.
Furthermore, the micro-polarization array modulation module adopts a pixel-level grid polarizer, is arranged behind the relay lens group or on the surface of the camera and is used for detecting visible and infrared wavelengths; the pixel grid polarizer provides 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree pixel linear polarizers, each angle detecting light intensity with I 0 、I 45 、I 90 、I 135 A representation for calculating a stokes parameter; the stokes parameter is used to describe the polarization state of light and includes 4 parameters S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 The parameter related to linear polarization is S 0 、S 1 、S 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
the linear polarization degree is expressed by DOLP, the polarization angle is expressed by AOP, and the calculation formula is as follows:
further, in the amplitude-dividing polarization modulation module, the amplitude-dividing optical lens group divides the incident light beam of the scene into 4 paths, and the 4 polarization detectors are used for respectively receiving I 0 、I 45 、I 90 、I 135 A signal.
Further, in the sub-aperture polarization modulation module, the sub-aperture optical lens group forms 4 images of the same scene on the detector, the area on the detector is divided into 4 areas, each area receives I respectively 0 、I 45 、I 90 、I 135 A signal.
Furthermore, the data demodulation processing module can perform visible light super-resolution area array imaging information demodulation, visible light polarization area array imaging information demodulation, size base height ratio combination three-dimensional mapping information demodulation, infrared super-resolution area array imaging information demodulation, infrared polarization area array imaging information demodulation and temperature information demodulation.
Further, when the detection system is installed on the satellite platform, the ground target is observed by utilizing the translation and rotation of the satellite platform; the detection system is area array imaging, and when the satellite translates, the target imaging is in different area array areas of the detection system, so as to realize multiple times of small-angle imaging and form small-base high-ratio visible light imaging data; when the satellite rotates in a large angle, the detection system carries out large-angle imaging on the target to form visible light imaging data with a large basis height ratio; and demodulating the visible light imaging data with the small base height ratio and the large base height ratio by using a data demodulation processing module to obtain the three-dimensional mapping information with the combined size base height ratio. Wherein, the high base height ratio value is 0.2-1.0, and the small base height ratio is less than 0.2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The single system of the invention realizes the function composite detection: the system can solve the defect of single function of the traditional technical scheme, and can simultaneously realize the multi-dimensional detection capability of super-resolution imaging, visible and infrared polarization detection, multi-spectral detection, size-base high ratio combination three-dimensional mapping and the like.
(2) The super-resolution multiplying power of the invention reaches true more than or equal to 2 times: the system adopts a visible light sub-pixel code modulator and an infrared sub-pixel code modulator to realize sub-pixel imaging modulation, is a complete modulation process for high-resolution information, and realizes super-resolution capability of more than or equal to 2 times of visible light and infrared under the condition of ensuring high-fidelity reconstruction through a data demodulation processing module.
(3) The invention overcomes the defect of mechanical rotation in the traditional technical scheme, and the system has no moving parts: the conventional sub-pixel modulation module adopts a micro-displacement device, the conventional polarization detection adopts a rotating mechanism, and mechanical motion exists. The super-resolution detection sub-pixel code modulator and the polarization modulation module for visible light and infrared polarization detection of the system are free of moving parts, long-term continuous detection of the system in a stable state can be ensured, and the service life is greatly prolonged.
(4) The invention combines the size base height ratio with the stereo mapping: the system adopts the mapping technology of combining the size base height ratio to realize the single-system high-resolution size base height ratio combined mapping, and has the advantages of improving the measurement of the topography and the surface target in flat and complex areas, improving the mapping calculation reliability and improving the acquisition efficiency and quality of complex target data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a super-resolution and polarization combined multi-band high sensitivity detection system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a super-resolution probe sub-pixel code modulator in the system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a modulation module of a micro-polarizer array in the system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an amplitude-division polarization modulation module in the system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a split aperture polarization modulation module in the system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the basic principle of the system of the invention for small-basis-height-ratio three-dimensional mapping;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the size-based height-ratio binding detection of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a super-resolution and polarization combined multi-band high-sensitivity detection system of the present invention includes: the system comprises a front imaging lens group 1, a light splitting element 2, a visible light relay imaging lens group 3, a visible light coding modulator 4, a visible light imaging lens group 5, a visible light polarization modulation module 6, a visible light camera 7, an infrared relay imaging lens group 8, an infrared coding modulator 9, an infrared imaging lens group 10, an infrared polarization modulation module 11, an infrared camera 12 and a data demodulation processing module 13.
The incident light realizes first area array imaging after passing through the front imaging lens group 1, and forms visible light primary image and infrared primary image through the light splitting element 2: the primary visible light image is projected onto a visible light sub-pixel coding modulator 4 through a visible light relay imaging lens group 3, sub-pixel imaging modulation is achieved, modulated visible light signals are focused and imaged through a visible light imaging lens group 5, polarized imaging modulation is carried out through a visible light polarization modulation module 6, finally the modulated signals are detected and received by a visible light camera 7, the detected and received signals are visible light mixed modulation signals overlapped with sub-pixel imaging modulation and polarized imaging modulation, and data demodulation processing is carried out on the visible light mixed modulation signals through a data demodulation processing module 13, so that visible light super-resolution area array imaging information and visible light polarized area array imaging information are obtained. The infrared primary image is projected onto an infrared sub-pixel coding modulator 9 through an infrared relay imaging lens group 8 to realize sub-pixel imaging modulation, the modulated infrared signal is converged and imaged through an infrared imaging lens group 10, polarized imaging modulation is carried out through an infrared polarization modulation module 11, finally the modulated infrared signal is detected and received by an infrared camera 12, the detected and received signal is an infrared mixed modulation signal overlapped with sub-pixel imaging modulation and polarized imaging modulation, and data demodulation processing is carried out on the infrared mixed modulation signal through a data demodulation processing module 13 to obtain infrared super-resolution area array imaging information, infrared polarized area array imaging information and temperature information. When the detection system is arranged on the satellite platform, the detection system is used for observing ground targets in a multi-angle visible light manner by utilizing the translation and rotation of the satellite platform. The detection system is area array imaging, and when the satellite translates, the target imaging is in different area array areas of the detection system, so as to realize multiple small-angle imaging and form small-base high-ratio visible light imaging data. When the satellite rotates in a large angle, the detection system images the target in a large angle to form visible light imaging data with a large basis height ratio. And the small-base-height ratio and large-base-height ratio visible light imaging data are utilized to obtain the stereoscopic mapping information with combined size-base-height ratio through demodulation of the data demodulation processing module 13.
The data demodulation processing module 13 can perform visible light super-resolution area array imaging information demodulation, visible light polarization area array imaging information demodulation, size base height ratio combination three-dimensional mapping information demodulation, infrared super-resolution area array imaging information demodulation, infrared polarization area array imaging information demodulation and temperature information demodulation.
The information which can be acquired by the detection system comprises visible light information, infrared information, super-resolution information, polarization information, temperature information and three-dimensional mapping information.
As shown in fig. 2, the super-resolution detection subpixel encoding modulator includes a visible light subpixel encoding modulator 4 and an infrared subpixel encoding modulator 9. Modulators include two types: reflective spatial light coding modulator, transmissive spatial light coding modulator. The size of each N multiplied by N modulation blocks corresponds to the size of one detector pixel, and N is a positive integer. The modulation block may be designed to be (0, 1) binary or gray scale, schematic 2 being a binary example. The measurement of a single pixel of the detector can be represented by the following formula
I E ＝∫ Ω I(x)dx,
Wherein I is E For the measurement of this pixel, I (x) is the light intensity at position x on the focal plane and Ω is the area of the pixel. If the measurement of the pixel is encoded, there is
I E ＝∫ Ω a(x)I(x)dx
Where a (x) is the coding matrix corresponding to the pixel. Discretizing the position x, the above equation can be expressed as
I E ＝a·I
Where a is the result of converting the coding mode subarray corresponding to the pixel into a row vector, and I is the result of converting the high-resolution light field intensity in the pixel region into a column vector. I E For one sampling of I, changing a multiple times to obtain multiple times of coding matrixes, and when the number of the coding matrixes is more than or equal to N multiplied by N, utilizing I E And a, reconstructing a value I corresponding to each high-resolution pixel by adopting a least square method.
The polarization modulation module comprises a visible light polarization modulation module 6 and an infrared polarization modulation module 11. The polarization modulation module includes three types: fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a micro-polarization array modulation module, fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an amplitude-division polarization modulation module, and fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a split-aperture polarization modulation module.
As shown in FIG. 3, the micro-polarization array modulation module adopts a pixel-level grid polarizer, can be installed behind a relay lens group, can also be installed on the surface of a camera, does not need a mechanical conversion component, and can be used for detecting visible and infrared wavelengths. The pixel grid polarizer provides 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree pixel linear polarizers, each angle detecting light intensity with I 0 、I 45 、I 90 、I 135 The representation may be used to calculate the stokes parameters. The stokes parameter can be used to describe the polarization state of light, with 4 parameters S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 The parameter related to linear polarization is S 0 、S 1 、S 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
the linear polarization degree is expressed by DOLP, the polarization angle is expressed by AOP, and the calculation formula is as follows:
as shown in FIG. 4, the amplitude-dividing polarization modulation module divides the incident light beam of the scene into 4 paths, and receives I by 4 polarization detectors respectively 0 、I 45 、I 90 、I 135 A signal.
As shown in fig. 5, which shows a sub-aperture polarization modulation module, a sub-aperture optical lens group forms 4 images of the same scene on a detector, the area on the detector is divided into 4 areas, each area receives I respectively 0 、I 45 、I 90 、I 135 A signal.
A basic schematic of small basis height ratio imaging stereography is shown in fig. 6. One camera (focal length f, pixel size p) at satellite orbit height H, base line length B at position O 1 And O 2 Imaging the ground points A and C respectively, and the coordinate difference p of the point A a C point coordinate difference p c ，Δp＝p a -p c The elevation of the point A and the elevation of the point C are Z respectively A And Z C Calculating object space Gao Cheng Z according to triangle similarity principle o ：
For remote observation of remote sensor and general topography (H > Z) C ) The simplified formula yields:
the elevation difference of the two ground points is proportional to the parallax of the two images. Then image side Gao Cheng Z i The calculation formula of (2) is
The difference in elevation of the two ground points is proportional to the difference in parallax of the two images. Compared with the traditional large-base high-ratio collinear equation three-dimensional mapping method, the small-base high-ratio three-dimensional mapping method has no complex calculation model, and engineering index requirements can be met only by carrying out high-precision matching on two images and calculating an elevation value by using matched sub-pixel level parallax.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the combination of the ratio of the size to the height and the three-dimensional mapping, O 1 O 2 Corresponding to the imaging position of the small base height ratio, O 1 O 3 Corresponding to the large base-to-height ratio imaging position. B1 is the satellite large baseline distance, B2 is the satellite small baseline distance, and H is the satellite orbit height. The conventional large base height ratio B1/H is generally 0.2-1.0, and the small base height ratio B2/H is generally less than 0.2. The detection system can carry out multi-view area array imaging on the target to form detection data with large base-to-height ratio and small base-to-height ratio. And demodulating by a data demodulation processing module, and resolving by utilizing multi-view imaging information to respectively obtain large-small-base height ratio stereo mapping information. The large-base-height-ratio three-dimensional mapping information adopts a conventional collineation equation solving mode, and the small-base-height-ratio three-dimensional mapping information adopts a calculating mode described in the system of FIG. 6. The traditional large-base-height-ratio mapping technology has the problems of shielding, distortion, radiation difference and the like in complex ground object target mapping, the system adopts the mapping technology of combining the large-base-height ratio, realizes single-system high-resolution large-base-height ratio combined mapping, gives consideration to the measurement of the ground object and the topography of flat and complex areas, improves the mapping calculation reliability, and improves the complex target data acquisition efficiency and quality.
What is not described in detail in the present specification is a well known technology to those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. A super-resolution and polarization combined multispectral high-sensitivity detection system is characterized in that: the device comprises a front imaging lens group (1), a light splitting element (2), a visible light relay imaging lens group (3), a visible light coding modulator (4), a visible light imaging lens group (5), a visible light polarization modulation module (6), a visible light camera (7), an infrared relay imaging lens group (8), an infrared coding modulator (9), an infrared imaging lens group (10), an infrared polarization modulation module (11), an infrared camera (12) and a data demodulation processing module (13);
the incident light realizes first area array imaging after passing through the front imaging lens group (1), and forms visible light primary image and infrared primary image through the light splitting element (2):
the method comprises the steps that a visible light primary image passes through a visible light relay imaging lens group (3) and is projected onto a visible light sub-pixel coding modulator (4) to realize sub-pixel imaging modulation, a modulated visible light signal is focused and imaged through a visible light imaging lens group (5), then polarized imaging modulation is carried out through a visible light polarization modulation module (6), the modulated visible light signal is detected and received by a visible light camera (7), the received signal is a visible light mixed modulation signal which is overlapped with the sub-pixel imaging modulation and the polarized imaging modulation, and the visible light mixed modulation signal is subjected to data demodulation processing through a data demodulation processing module (13), so that visible light super-resolution area array imaging information and visible light polarized area array imaging information are obtained;
the infrared primary image passing through the light splitting element (2) is projected onto an infrared sub-pixel coding modulator (9) through an infrared relay imaging lens group (8), sub-pixel imaging modulation is achieved, modulated infrared signals are focused and imaged through an infrared imaging lens group (10), polarized imaging modulation is carried out through an infrared polarization modulation module (11), the modulated infrared primary image is detected and received by an infrared camera (12), the detected and received signals are infrared mixed modulation signals of overlapped sub-pixel imaging modulation and polarized imaging modulation, and the infrared mixed modulation signals are subjected to data demodulation processing through a data demodulation processing module (13), so that infrared super-resolution area array imaging information, infrared polarized area array imaging information and temperature information are obtained.
2. The super-resolution and polarization combined multi-band high-sensitivity detection system according to claim 1, wherein: the visible light subpixel coding modulator (4) and the infrared subpixel coding modulator (9) comprise two types: reflective spatial light coding modulator, transmissive spatial light coding modulator.
3. The super-resolution and polarization combined multi-band high-sensitivity detection system according to claim 1, wherein: the visible light polarization modulation module (6) and the infrared polarization modulation module (11) comprise three types: the device comprises a micro-polarization array modulation module, an amplitude-dividing polarization modulation module and an aperture-dividing polarization modulation module.
4. A combined super-resolution and polarization multi-band high sensitivity detection system according to claim 3, wherein: the micro-polarization array modulation module adopts a pixel-level grid polarizer, is arranged behind the relay lens group or on the surface of the camera and is used for detecting visible and infrared wavelengths; the pixel grid polarizer provides 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree pixel linear polarizers, each angle detecting light intensity with I 0 、I 45 、I 90 、I 135 A representation for calculating a stokes parameter; the stokes parameter is used to describe the polarization state of light and includes 4 parameters S 0 、S 1 、S 2 、S 3 The parameter related to linear polarization is S 0 、S 1 、S 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
the linear polarization degree is expressed by DOLP, the polarization angle is expressed by AOP, and the calculation formula is as follows:
5. a combined super-resolution and polarization multi-band high sensitivity detection system according to claim 3, wherein: in the amplitude-dividing polarization modulation module, an amplitude-dividing optical lens group divides an incident light beam of a scene into 4 paths, and 4 polarization detectors are used for respectively receiving I 0 、I 45 、I 90 、I 135 A signal.
6. A super-resolution and bias as claimed in claim 3Vibration combined multi-spectrum high-sensitivity detection system is characterized in that: in the sub-aperture polarization modulation module, a sub-aperture optical lens group forms 4 images of the same scene on a detector, the area on the detector is divided into 4 areas, and each area receives I respectively 0 、I 45 、I 90 、I 135 A signal.
7. The super-resolution and polarization combined multi-band high-sensitivity detection system according to claim 1, wherein: the data demodulation processing module (13) can perform visible light super-resolution area array imaging information demodulation, visible light polarization area array imaging information demodulation, size base height ratio combination three-dimensional mapping information demodulation, infrared super-resolution area array imaging information demodulation, infrared polarization area array imaging information demodulation and temperature information demodulation.
8. The super-resolution and polarization combined multi-band high-sensitivity detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: when the detection system is arranged on the satellite platform, the ground target is observed by utilizing the translation and rotation of the satellite platform; the detection system is area array imaging, and when the satellite translates, the target imaging is in different area array areas of the detection system, so as to realize multiple times of small-angle imaging and form small-base high-ratio visible light imaging data; when the satellite rotates in a large angle, the detection system carries out large-angle imaging on the target to form visible light imaging data with a large basis height ratio; and the small-base-height ratio and large-base-height ratio visible light imaging data are utilized, and the three-dimensional mapping information with combined size-base-height ratio is obtained through demodulation of a data demodulation processing module (13).
9. The super-resolution and polarization combined multi-band high-sensitivity detection system according to claim 8, wherein: the large base height ratio value is 0.2-1.0, and the small base height ratio value is less than 0.2.
CN202311724339.1A 2023-12-14 2023-12-14 Multi-spectrum high-sensitivity detection system combining super resolution and polarization Pending CN117824717A (en)

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