CN117820977A - Photovoltaic backboard, preparation method thereof and photovoltaic module - Google Patents
Photovoltaic backboard, preparation method thereof and photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229920006124 polyolefin elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
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- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
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Landscapes
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic backboard, a preparation method thereof and a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic backboard comprises a weather-proof layer, a supporting layer and a coextrusion layer, wherein the supporting layer is arranged on at least one side of the weather-proof layer, the coextrusion layer is arranged on one side, away from the weather-proof layer, of the supporting layer, and the material for forming the weather-proof layer comprises the following components: 45-75 parts by weight of a polyolefin graft copolymer, 14-25 parts by weight of a first polypropylene, 5-15 parts by weight of a first polyolefin elastomer, 0-10 parts by weight of a first inorganic filler, and 0.1-5 parts by weight of a first antioxidant, wherein the polyolefin graft copolymer comprises at least one of carboxyl, carboxylic anhydride and hydroxyl groups. The photovoltaic backboard has good bonding performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic backboard, a preparation method thereof and a photovoltaic module.
Background
Solar energy is the most abundant renewable energy in nature, and solar energy is converted into electric energy through a photovoltaic module, so that the solar energy is an important link of national clean energy and sustainable development, and has unique advantages and huge development and application potential. The photovoltaic backboard is an important component part in the photovoltaic module and is assembled on the back of the battery piece to play a role in protecting and supporting the battery piece. At present, three main process methods exist for producing the photovoltaic backboard: the coating process, the composite process and the multilayer coextrusion process are emerging technologies in recent years, and compared with the traditional coating and composite backboard production process, the coextrusion process has the characteristics of labor hour and labor cost saving and environment-friendly production process without using solvents, and has been widely concerned.
Generally, in the preparation process of the assembly, the aluminum alloy frame is fixed and packaged, and the junction box is bonded by using silica gel, and the two positions are bonded by using silica gel to fix the back plate and the frame and the back plate and the junction box on the photovoltaic back plate.
In the prior art, the photovoltaic backboard and the silica gel cannot be directly bonded, and the bonding surface of the photovoltaic backboard is required to be subjected to corona treatment so as to achieve the bonding effect of stable fastness. However, the corona process is a high-voltage discharge process, and in the operation process, air is ionized to generate ozone, so that the energy consumption for producing the backboard is increased, and the generated ozone also causes environmental pollution.
There is a need to develop a photovoltaic backsheet that has better adhesive properties and that produces a strong adhesive effect with the silica gel without the need for corona.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic back sheet, a preparation method thereof, and a photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic back sheet has good adhesion performance.
In a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a photovoltaic backsheet, according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the photovoltaic backsheet includes a weather-resistant layer, a support layer and a co-extrusion layer, the support layer is disposed on at least one side of the weather-resistant layer, the co-extrusion layer is disposed on a side of the support layer away from the weather-resistant layer, wherein the material forming the weather-resistant layer includes: 45-75 parts by weight of a polyolefin graft copolymer, 14-25 parts by weight of a first polypropylene, 5-15 parts by weight of a first polyolefin elastomer, 0-10 parts by weight of a first inorganic filler, and 0.1-5 parts by weight of a first antioxidant, wherein the polyolefin graft copolymer comprises at least one of carboxyl, carboxylic anhydride and hydroxyl groups.
According to the photovoltaic backboard provided by the embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic backboard comprises at least three layers of structures, such as a weather-resistant layer, a supporting layer and a coextrusion layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein the weather-resistant layer adopts a polyolefin graft copolymer as a main resin, the polarity of a formula is enhanced and the microstructure of the main resin is changed by controlling the proportion of each component of the weather-resistant layer, and the polyolefin graft copolymer contains polar groups (hydroxyl, carboxyl, carboxylic anhydride and the like) and can be subjected to a crosslinking reaction with silica gel, so that the adhesive property of the photovoltaic backboard is improved, and a firm adhesive effect between the photovoltaic backboard and the silica gel can be realized without corona. Therefore, the photovoltaic backboard has good bonding performance.
In addition, the photovoltaic back sheet according to the above embodiment of the present invention may have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the weathering layer has a residual heat of fusion of not less than 15J/g. Thus, the weather-resistant layer can maintain a stable structure when the environment changes.
In some embodiments of the invention, the support layer has a residual heat of fusion of not less than 15J/g. Thus, the tight combination between the support layer and the weather-resistant layer and the coextrusion layer can be ensured, and the support layer is prevented from falling off or cracking.
In some embodiments of the invention, the residual heat of fusion of the coextruded layer is not greater than 10J/g. Therefore, the stress relief effect can be achieved, and the stress concentration and the crack generation can be reduced by adjusting the stress distribution of the coextrusion layer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the weathering layer has a thickness of 5 μm to 50 μm. Therefore, the photovoltaic back plate can bear mechanical stress generated in the installation and use process better.
In some embodiments of the invention, the support layer has a thickness of 200 μm to 400 μm. Therefore, enough rigidity and strength can be provided, and the stability and safety of the photovoltaic backboard in the use process are ensured.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the coextruded layer is from 3 μm to 50 μm. Therefore, the stress distribution can be optimized, the stress concentration and the crack generation can be reduced, and the mechanical property and the weather resistance of the photovoltaic backboard can be improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the polyolefin graft copolymer has a grafting ratio of 1.0% to 3.0%. Therefore, the bonding performance of the weather-resistant layer is improved, and a firm bonding effect can be generated between the weather-resistant layer and the silica gel without corona.
In some embodiments of the invention, the melt flow index of the polyolefin graft copolymer is from 50g/10min to 100g/10min at 190 ℃. Therefore, the bonding performance and the mechanical performance of the weather-resistant layer can be improved, and the weather-resistant layer can generate firm bonding effect with the silica gel without corona.
In some embodiments of the invention, the polyolefin graft copolymer is formed by reacting a polyolefin with a graft comprising at least one of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, and maleic anhydride. Therefore, the weather-resistant layer can generate a firm bonding effect with the silica gel without corona, and the stability of the photovoltaic backboard is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first inorganic filler has an average particle size, a, of 0<a, 0.3 μm or less. Therefore, the dispersibility and the filling property of the filler can be optimized, and the compactness of the weather-resistant layer is improved, so that the weather-resistant performance of the weather-resistant layer is enhanced.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first inorganic filler comprises titanium dioxide. Therefore, the reflectivity of the photovoltaic backboard is improved, the absorption of sunlight can be reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first polypropylene comprises at least one of a homo-polypropylene and a block polypropylene. Therefore, the weather-resistant coating can resist corrosion of environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays, moisture, chemical substances and the like, and is beneficial to improving the weather resistance of the weather-resistant layer
In some embodiments of the invention, the first polyolefin elastomer comprises at least one of an ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer and a propylene-alpha-olefin copolymer. Therefore, the toughness and the impact resistance of the photovoltaic backboard can be increased, and the durability of the photovoltaic backboard under severe environments is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first anti-aging agent comprises at least one of an acid absorber, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, and a free radical quencher. Therefore, the ageing of the weather-resistant layer can be delayed, the action time of the weather-resistant layer and the protection effect of the photovoltaic backboard on the photovoltaic module can be prolonged.
In some embodiments of the invention, the material forming the support layer comprises: 1 to 10 parts by weight of a first polyethylene, 60 to 70 parts by weight of a second polypropylene, 1 to 10 parts by weight of a second polyolefin elastomer, 1 to 15 parts by weight of a second inorganic filler, and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a second anti-aging agent. Thereby, the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic backsheet can be improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the material forming the coextruded layer includes: 30 to 40 parts by weight of second polyethylene, 30 to 50 parts by weight of third polypropylene, 10 to 20 parts by weight of third polyolefin elastomer, 1 to 20 parts by weight of third inorganic filler and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of third antioxidant.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first polyethylene comprises at least one of a high density polyethylene, a medium density polyethylene, a low density polyethylene, a linear low density polyethylene, and an ultra high molecular weight polyethylene.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second polyethylene comprises at least one of high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second polypropylene comprises at least one of a homo-polypropylene and a block polypropylene.
In some embodiments of the invention, the third polypropylene comprises at least one of a homo-polypropylene and a block polypropylene
In some embodiments of the invention, the second polyolefin elastomer comprises at least one of an ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer and a propylene alpha-olefin copolymer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the third polyolefin elastomer comprises at least one of an ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer and a propylene alpha-olefin copolymer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second inorganic filler comprises at least one of alumina, talc, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, barium sulfate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, titanium dioxide, and silicon dioxide.
In some embodiments of the invention, the third inorganic filler comprises at least one of alumina, talc, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, barium sulfate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, titanium dioxide, and silicon dioxide.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second anti-aging agent comprises at least one of an acid absorber, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, and a free radical quencher.
In some embodiments of the invention, the third anti-aging agent comprises at least one of an acid absorber, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, and a free radical quencher.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing the photovoltaic backsheet described above. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: mixing a polyolefin graft copolymer, a first polypropylene, a first polyolefin elastomer, a first inorganic filler and a first anti-aging agent to obtain a first mixture; mixing the components of the support layer to obtain a second mixture; mixing the components of the co-extruded layer to obtain a third mixture; and extruding the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture simultaneously to obtain the photovoltaic backboard. Therefore, the method simplifies the production flow, improves the production speed and reduces the production cost.
In a third aspect of the invention, the invention provides a photovoltaic module. According to the embodiment of the invention, the photovoltaic module comprises the photovoltaic backboard or the photovoltaic backboard manufactured by the method, and compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic cell has all the characteristics and effects of the photovoltaic backboard and the method for manufacturing the photovoltaic backboard, which are not repeated herein.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic backsheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals and signs
The photovoltaic module 100, the photovoltaic backboard 10, the weather-resistant layer 11, the support layer 12, the coextrusion layer 13, the second hot melt adhesive film layer 20, the cell sheet 30, the first hot melt adhesive film layer 40 and the photovoltaic front panel 50.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The following examples are illustrative and are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The photovoltaic module 100 is formed by connecting a plurality of unit cells in series and parallel, and then sealing the unit cells into a whole, so that the unit cells are provided with a device for converting solar energy into electric energy, and referring to fig. 1, the photovoltaic module 100 provided by the application comprises: the photovoltaic front panel 50, the first hot melt adhesive film layer 40 is located on one side of the photovoltaic front panel 50, and is used for fixing the battery piece and the photovoltaic front panel, and protecting the battery piece. The battery piece 30, the battery piece 30 is located the side that first hot melt adhesive film layer 40 kept away from photovoltaic front bezel 50, and second hot melt adhesive film layer 20 is located the side that battery piece 30 kept away from first hot melt adhesive film layer 40, photovoltaic backplate 10, and photovoltaic backplate 10 is located the side that second hot melt adhesive film layer 20 kept away from battery piece 30. The photovoltaic front panel 50 is used to cover the battery piece 30, and protect the battery piece 30 from the external environment. The first hot melt adhesive film layer 40 is used for fixing the battery piece 30 and the photovoltaic front panel 50, and protecting the battery piece 30 from moisture, wind and sand, and other factors. The cell 30 is the most central element in the photovoltaic module for converting light energy into electrical energy. The second hot melt adhesive film layer 20 is used for fixing the battery piece 30 and the photovoltaic backboard 10, and protecting the battery piece 30 from moisture, wind and sand and other factors. The primary function of the photovoltaic backsheet 10 is to provide mechanical support and electrical insulation, protecting the cells 30 from external pressure and moisture.
In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a photovoltaic backsheet 10, according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the photovoltaic backsheet 10 includes a weather-resistant layer 11, a support layer 12, and a co-extrusion layer 13, the support layer 12 is disposed on one side of the weather-resistant layer 11, the co-extrusion layer 13 is disposed on at least one side of the support layer 12 away from the weather-resistant layer 11, and the material forming the weather-resistant layer 11 includes: 45-75 parts by weight of a polyolefin graft copolymer, 14-25 parts by weight of a first polypropylene, 5-15 parts by weight of a first polyolefin elastomer, 0-10 parts by weight of a first inorganic filler, and 0.1-5 parts by weight of a first antioxidant, wherein the polyolefin graft copolymer comprises at least one of carboxyl, carboxylic anhydride and hydroxyl groups.
For example, the polyolefin graft copolymer may be 45 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight, 75 parts by weight, etc., the first polypropylene may be 14 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 24 parts by weight, etc., the first polyolefin elastomer may be 5 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, etc., the first inorganic filler may be 0,2 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, etc., and the first aging resistor may be 0.1 part by weight, 1 part by weight, 3 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, etc.
According to the photovoltaic back sheet 10 of the above embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic back sheet 10 includes at least three layers, such as the weather-resistant layer 11, the support layer 12 and the co-extrusion layer 13, which are sequentially stacked, wherein the weather-resistant layer 11 uses a polyolefin graft copolymer as a main resin, and the polarity of the formulation is enhanced and the microstructure of the main resin is changed by controlling the proportion of each component of the weather-resistant layer 11, and the polyolefin graft copolymer contains polar groups (such as hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, carboxylic anhydride and the like) and can undergo a crosslinking reaction with silica gel, so that the weather-resistant layer 11 can achieve firm adhesion with the silica gel without corona, and the adhesion performance of the photovoltaic back sheet 10 is improved. Thus, the photovoltaic backsheet 10 of the present application has better adhesive properties.
The polyolefin graft copolymer refers to a polymer obtained by graft polymerization in which monomer or polymer branches are attached to polyolefin molecular chains. The preparation method of polyolefin graft copolymer is various, and the invention adopts solid phase grafting method. Specifically, first, a monomer or a polymer branch is mixed with polyolefin powder, and then the monomer or the branch is graft polymerized with the polyolefin molecular chain.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the residual heat of fusion of the weathering layer 11 is not less than 15J/g. For example, 15J/g,30J/g,50J/g, etc. By limiting the residual heat of fusion of the weathering layer 11 to the above-described range, on the one hand, it is possible to ensure that the weathering layer 11 maintains a stable structure upon environmental changes, avoiding significant deformation of the photovoltaic backsheet 10. On the other hand, the stress relief function can be achieved, and the stress concentration, cracking, and delamination can be reduced by adjusting the stress distribution of the weather-resistant layer 11.
The residual heat of fusion is the heat of fusion between the photovoltaic module preparation temperature and the final melting of the substance.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the weathering layer 11 is 5 μm to 50 μm. For example, it may be 5 μm,10 μm,30 μm,50 μm, etc. By limiting the thickness of the weather-resistant layer 11 to the above-described range, on the one hand, the battery sheet 30 can be better protected from environmental factors. On the other hand, the weather-resistant layer 11 can be promoted to have better stretching resistance, bending resistance and impact resistance, and can better bear the mechanical stress generated during the installation and use of the photovoltaic backboard 10.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the polyolefin graft copolymer has a grafting ratio of 1.0% to 3.0%. For example, the grafting ratio may be 1.0%,2.0%,3.0%, etc., and by limiting the grafting ratio to the above range, on the one hand, limiting the range of the grafting ratio, the interaction between the molecular chains of the grafts and other components may be increased, the weather-resistant layer 11 is prevented from being excessively grafted with the polymer, and the corrosion resistance of the weather-resistant layer 11 against environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays, moisture, chemical substances, etc. is reduced, thereby prolonging the service life of the photovoltaic backsheet 10. On the other hand, entanglement between polyolefin molecular chains can be increased, polarity of the polyolefin graft copolymer is improved, and adhesion performance of the weather-resistant layer 11 is improved, so that the weather-resistant layer 11 can be firmly adhered to silica gel without corona, and adhesion performance of the photovoltaic backboard 10 can be improved.
The grafting ratio refers to the ratio of the amount of the monomer or polymer branch to be grafted to the total amount of the monomer or polymer branch to be grafted which is initially charged in the graft copolymer.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the melt flow index of the polyolefin graft copolymer is from 50g/10min to 100g/10min at 190 ℃. For example, 50g/10min,60g/10min,80g/10min,100g/10min, etc. The melt index can reflect the degradation degree of polyolefin in the grafting process to a certain extent, and the higher the melt index is, the more the degradation and chain transfer of polyolefin resin are caused during grafting, the more the branched chains are caused, but the adhesiveness is improved by a certain degradation effect, and the mechanical property and weather resistance of the material are reduced due to excessive branched chains and degradation. Thus, by limiting the melt flow index of the polyolefin graft copolymer to the above range, the adhesion property and mechanical properties of the weathering layer 11 can be improved, so that the weathering layer 11 can be firmly adhered to the silica gel without corona.
It should be noted that the melt flow index is generally used to measure the flowability of a polymer melt, and refers to the gram of molten material flowing out of a molten material through a standard capillary tube for a certain period of time (typically 10 min) at a certain temperature and pressure, and the unit is g/10min. The melt flow index is generally measured using a melt flow rate meter according to national standard GB/T3682-2000: after loading the melt sample into the barrel, the piston is placed into the barrel, a selected load is applied to the piston, the loaded piston is allowed to fall under the action of gravity, the melt material is extruded, and the length of the melt material flowing through the piston in a certain time is measured, so that the flow rate of the melt sample is calculated, wherein the selected temperature is 190 ℃ when the melt flow index is measured.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the polyolefin graft copolymer is formed by reacting a polyolefin with a graft comprising at least one of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, and maleic anhydride. The above graft is selected to obtain polyolefin graft copolymer with reactive groups (carboxyl, hydroxyl, carboxylic anhydride, etc.), which can provide active crosslinking points for crosslinking with silica gel, so that the weather-resistant layer 11 can be well bonded with silica gel without corona, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the photovoltaic backboard 10.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first inorganic filler has an average particle size a of 0<a μm or less than 0.3 μm. For example, it may be 0.1 μm,0.2 μm,0.3 μm, etc. By limiting the average particle diameter of the first inorganic filler to the above-described range, the dispersibility and filling property of the filler can be optimized, and the compactibility of the weather-resistant layer 11 can be improved, thereby enhancing the weather-resistant performance thereof.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first inorganic filler comprises titanium dioxide. The material is selected as the first inorganic filler, so that on one hand, the hardness and toughness of the photovoltaic backboard 10 can be increased, and the mechanical properties such as impact resistance, stretching resistance and the like of the photovoltaic backboard can be improved, so that the backboard has better stability and durability when bearing external load. On the other hand, the inorganic filler has high reflectivity, can reduce the absorption of sunlight, and improves the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first polypropylene has a melting point of not less than 160 ℃, e.g., 160 ℃,200 ℃,300 ℃, etc. By limiting the melting point of the first polypropylene to the above range, the temperature resistance of the weather-resistant layer 11 can be improved, which is advantageous for improving the temperature resistance of the photovoltaic backsheet 10 as a whole.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first polypropylene comprises at least one of a homo-polypropylene and a block polypropylene. The first polypropylene has good weather resistance, can resist corrosion of environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays, moisture, chemical substances and the like, and is beneficial to improving the weather resistance of the weather-resistant layer 11.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first polyolefin elastomer comprises at least one of an ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer and a propylene-alpha-olefin copolymer. The first polyolefin elastomer is selected, on one hand, has good flexibility and elasticity, and can increase the toughness and impact resistance of the photovoltaic backboard 10 and improve the durability of the photovoltaic backboard under severe environment. On the other hand, the adhesive has good adhesive property, can form a good adhesive interface with other components of the photovoltaic backboard 10, and improves the overall performance of the photovoltaic backboard 10.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first anti-aging agent comprises at least one of an acid absorber, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, and a free radical quencher. The aging inhibitor can delay the aging of the weather-resistant layer 11, prolong the action time of the weather-resistant layer 11 and protect the photovoltaic module 100 by the photovoltaic backboard 10.
The types of the antioxidant, the ultraviolet absorber, the light stabilizer, the acid absorber and the radical quencher in the present invention are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, for example, the antioxidant may be at least one selected from hindered phenol type antioxidants, phosphite type antioxidants and thioester type antioxidants, and preferably may be [ beta- (3 ',5' -di-t-butyl-4 ' -hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] pentaerythritol ester and tris (2, 4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite; for another example, the acid absorber may be calcium stearate for eliminating halogen present in polypropylene; the radical quencher may be a hindered amine radical quencher; in addition, the preferred ultraviolet absorber can be 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone, the preferred light stabilizer can be bis (2, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, and the more preferred light stabilizer can be used together with the ultraviolet absorber, so that the optimal effect which cannot be achieved by singly using the ultraviolet absorber can be achieved, the yellowing of the material can be effectively prevented, the loss of physical properties can be blocked, the photodegradation can be inhibited or weakened, and the photoaging resistance can be improved.
Further, in the invention, by controlling the first aging resistor to be 0.1 to 5 parts by weight in the formulation of the weather-resistant layer 11, the weather-resistant layer 11 can have better aging resistance effect on the premise of not affecting the elasticity and the cohesiveness of the material.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, at least one side of the weather-resistant layer 11 is provided with a support layer 12. Thus, the support layer 12 is located between the weathering layer 11 and the coextrudate layer 13, which may enhance the mechanical properties of the photovoltaic backsheet 10.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the residual heat of fusion of the support layer 12 is not less than 15J/g. For example, 15J/g,30J/g,50J/g, etc. By limiting the residual heat of fusion of the support layer 12 to the above-described range, on the one hand, it is possible to ensure that the support layer 12 maintains a stable structure when the environment changes, reducing the phenomena of cracking, peeling, and the like. On the other hand, tight bonding between the support layer 12 and the weathering layer 11 and the coextrudate layer 13 can be ensured, preventing peeling or cracking of the support layer 12.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the support layer 12 has a thickness of 200 μm to 400 μm. For example, it may be 200 μm,250 μm,300 μm,350 μm,400 μm, etc., and by limiting the thickness of the support layer 12 to the above-described range, sufficient rigidity and strength can be provided to ensure stability and safety of the photovoltaic backsheet 10 during use.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the material forming the support layer 12 includes 1 to 10 parts by weight of the first polyethylene, 60 to 70 parts by weight of the second polypropylene, 1 to 10 parts by weight of the second polyolefin elastomer, 1 to 15 parts by weight of the second inorganic filler, and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of the second aging resistor.
For example, the first polyethylene may be 1 part by weight, 3 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, etc.; the second polypropylene may be 60 parts by weight, 65 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight, etc.; the second polyolefin elastomer may be 1 part by weight, 5 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, etc.; the second inorganic filler may be 1 part by weight, 5 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, etc.; the second antioxidant may be 0.1 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 3 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, etc.
According to the photovoltaic backsheet 10 of the embodiment of the present application, the supporting layer 12 is prepared by using the above-described components in parts by weight, wherein the second polypropylene is used as the main resin of the supporting layer 12, and is inexpensive and excellent in mechanical properties. The addition of the first polyethylene can improve the low temperature resistance and the electrical insulation performance of the second polypropylene material, and the first polyethylene is low in price, so that the production cost is reduced. The addition of the second polyolefin elastomer may increase the compatibility between the second polypropylene of the support layer 12 and the first polyethylene material, while increasing the adhesion properties between the support layer 12 and adjacent layers. The addition of the second inorganic filler may increase the reflectivity, thereby facilitating an increase in the light utilization and efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. The addition of the second anti-aging agent is beneficial to further enhancing the weatherability of the photovoltaic backsheet 10 and extending its service life.
As an example, the first polyethylene includes, but is not limited to, at least one of high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene. The second polypropylene includes, but is not limited to, at least one of a homo-polypropylene and a block polypropylene. The second polyolefin elastomer includes, but is not limited to, at least one of an ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer and a propylene-alpha-olefin copolymer. The second inorganic filler includes, but is not limited to, at least one of alumina, talc, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, barium sulfate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, titanium dioxide, and silicon dioxide. The composition of the second anti-aging agent used for the support layer 12 is not particularly limited, and a person skilled in the art may select it according to actual needs, for example, the optional range and specific selection of the second anti-aging agent may be the same as those of the first anti-aging agent, and the composition of the second anti-aging agent may be the same as or different from those of the first anti-aging agent, which will not be described in detail herein.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the co-extrusion layer 13 is disposed on a side of the support layer 12 away from the weathering layer 11. The co-extrusion layer 13 is bonded with the second hot melt adhesive film layer 20 of the light Fu Fengzhuang, so that the connection between the photovoltaic backboard 10 and the cell sheet 30 can be realized.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the residual heat of fusion of the coextruded layer 13 is not greater than 10J/g. For example, the residual heat of fusion of the coextruded layer 13 may be 0.1J/g,1J/g,3J/g,5J/g,7J/g,9J/g,10J/g, etc., and by limiting the residual heat of fusion of the coextruded layer 13 to the above-described range, on the one hand, a stable structure of the coextruded layer 13 can be ensured even when the environment changes, and phenomena such as cracking and peeling can be reduced. On the other hand, the lower residual melting heat can enable molecules of the co-extrusion layer 13 to have certain fluidity in the process of preparing the photovoltaic module 100, and can increase entanglement between molecular chains in the co-extrusion layer 13 and molecular chains of the second hot melt adhesive film layer 20, so that the adhesive property of the co-extrusion layer 13 is ensured.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the coextruded layer 13 is 3 μm to 50 μm. For example, it may be 3 μm,10 μm,20 μm,30 μm,50 μm, etc., and by limiting the thickness of the coextruded layer 13 to the above-described range, the stress distribution can be optimized, the occurrence of stress concentration and cracks can be reduced, and the mechanical properties and weather resistance of the photovoltaic backsheet 10 can be improved.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the material forming the co-extrusion layer 13 includes 30 to 40 parts by weight of the second polyethylene, 30 to 50 parts by weight of the third polypropylene, 10 to 20 parts by weight of the third polyolefin elastomer, 1 to 20 parts by weight of the third inorganic filler, and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of the third aging resistor.
For example, the parts by weight of the second polyethylene may be 30 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, etc.; the third polypropylene may be 30 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, etc.; the parts by weight of the third polyolefin elastomer may be 10 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, etc.; the weight part of the third inorganic filler may be 1 part by weight, 10 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, etc.; the third antioxidant may be 0.1 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 3 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, etc.
According to the photovoltaic back sheet 10 of the embodiment of the present application, the co-extrusion layer 13 is prepared by adopting the above-mentioned composition materials, wherein the second polyethylene is used as the main resin of the co-extrusion layer 13, and has excellent weather resistance, so that the photovoltaic module 100 can be protected for a long time, and meanwhile, the photovoltaic back sheet is low in cost, can be recycled, is an environment-friendly material, and meets the market demand of continuous cost reduction in the photovoltaic industry at present. The addition of the third polypropylene can enhance the adhesive property of the coextruded layer 13. The addition of the third polyolefin elastomer can enhance the toughness of the coextruded layer 13. The addition of the third inorganic filler is beneficial to improving the reflectivity of the back sheet, and when the photovoltaic back sheet 10 in this embodiment is used in the solar cell photovoltaic module 100, the conversion efficiency of the cell can be further improved; the addition of the third anti-aging agent is beneficial to further enhancing the weatherability of the photovoltaic backsheet 10 and extending its service life.
As an example, the second polyethylene includes, but is not limited to, at least one of high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene. The third polypropylene includes, but is not limited to, at least one of homo-polypropylene and block polypropylene. The third polyolefin elastomer may be an alpha olefin copolymer including, but not limited to, at least one of an ethylene-alpha olefin copolymer and a propylene-alpha olefin copolymer. The third inorganic filler includes, but is not limited to, at least one of alumina, talc, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, barium sulfate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, titanium dioxide, and silicon dioxide. The composition of the third antioxidant used for the co-extrusion layer 13 is not particularly limited, and a person skilled in the art may select the composition according to actual needs, for example, the optional range and specific selection of the third antioxidant may be the same as those of the first antioxidant, and the composition of the third antioxidant may be the same as or different from those of the first antioxidant, which will not be described in detail herein.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the material of the co-extruded layer 13 further comprises ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The EVA and the second hot-melt adhesive film layer 20 are made of the same material, and in the co-extrusion process of the photovoltaic module 100, the second hot-melt adhesive film layer 20 can react with the EVA and the polyethylene in the co-extrusion layer 13 in the cross-linking process, so that the bonding force between the photovoltaic backboard 10 and the second hot-melt adhesive film layer 20 is increased, and the purpose that the co-extrusion layer 13 can be directly bonded with the second hot-melt adhesive film layer 20 (without corona) is achieved. Therefore, the photovoltaic backboard 10 product with the co-extrusion layer 13 and the weather-resistant layer 11 not needing corona can be obtained, the environmental protection performance of the photovoltaic backboard 10 in the production process is improved, the production process can be simplified, and the production cost is reduced.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is formed by copolymerizing ethylene and vinyl acetate, wherein the mass of ethylene is a, the mass of vinyl acetate is B, and the mass of B/(a+b) ×100% is 2.7% -7.2%, for example, may be 2.7%,3%,5%,7%,7.2%, etc., and by limiting the mass ratio of vinyl acetate to the above-mentioned range, the component may be promoted to form a stable crosslinking system with the second hot melt adhesive film layer 20 during the coextrusion process, which is beneficial for improving the interlayer adhesion of the coextruded photovoltaic backsheet 10 and reducing the risk of delamination of the photovoltaic backsheet 10.
In another aspect of the present invention, a method of making the photovoltaic backsheet 10 described above is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
s100: the polyolefin graft copolymer, the first polypropylene, the first polyolefin elastomer, the first inorganic filler, and the first anti-aging agent are mixed to obtain a first mixture.
In this step, the polyolefin graft copolymer, the first polypropylene, the first polyolefin elastomer, the first inorganic filler, and the first antioxidant are mixed to obtain a first mixture.
S200: the components of the support layer are mixed to obtain a second mixture.
In this step, specifically, the first polyethylene, the second polypropylene, the second polyolefin elastomer, the second inorganic filler, and the second aging resistor are mixed to obtain a second mixture.
S300: the components of the coextruded layers are mixed to give a third mixture.
In this step, specifically, a third mixture can be obtained by mixing the second polyethylene, the third polypropylene, the third polyolefin elastomer, the third inorganic filler, and the third aging resistor.
S400: the first mixture, the second mixture, and the third mixture are simultaneously extruded to obtain the photovoltaic backsheet 10.
In this step, the first mixture, the second mixture, and the third mixture are simultaneously extruded using a coextrusion process, and the photovoltaic backsheet 10 can be obtained.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the polymer composition is extruded in a plurality of extruders at the same time, and is molded at one time, so that double-sided processing is not needed, and the labor hour and the labor cost are saved; in the production process of the back plate in the coating process, the composite glue and the coating are dissolved in the solvent, the solvent volatilizes in the production process, the influence is caused on the environment, and the co-extrusion process is free of the participation of the solvent, so that the environment is protected; in multilayer coextrusion, the thickness of each layer and the raw material formulation can be flexibly adjusted as required, which is beneficial to obtaining the photovoltaic back plate 10 with moderate thickness and adjustable components. The photovoltaic back sheet 10 has all the features and advantages of the photovoltaic back sheet 10, and will not be described herein.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the coextrusion process is 170 ℃ to 240 ℃, e.g., may be 170 ℃,200 ℃,210 ℃,240 ℃, etc. By limiting the temperature of the coextrusion process to the above-described range, the stress inside the photovoltaic backsheet 10 can be reduced, the occurrence of defects such as bubbles and cracks can be avoided, and the stability and uniformity of the quality of the photovoltaic backsheet 10 can be improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the extrusion rod has a rotational speed of 200r/min to 300r/min. For example, it may be 200r/min,230r/min,250r/min,300r/min, etc. By limiting the rotational speed of the extrusion bar to the above range, on the one hand, the production efficiency can be improved and the production cost of the photovoltaic backsheet 10 can be reduced. On the other hand, the consistency and stability of the product can be ensured.
It should be noted that the features and effects described above for the photovoltaic back sheet 10 are also applicable to the method for preparing the photovoltaic back sheet 10, and are not described here again.
In a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a photovoltaic module 10. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic module 10 includes the photovoltaic back sheet 10 described above or the photovoltaic back sheet 10 manufactured by the above method. According to the photovoltaic backboard 10 provided by the invention, the polarity of the formula is enhanced and the microstructure of the main resin is changed by controlling the proportion and the types of the components of the weather-resistant layer 11, and the polyolefin graft copolymer is used as the main resin, wherein the polyolefin graft copolymer contains polar groups (such as hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, carboxylic anhydride and the like) and can undergo a crosslinking reaction with silica gel, so that the weather-resistant layer 11 can be firmly bonded with the silica gel without corona, the bonding performance of the photovoltaic backboard 10 is improved, the production process of the photovoltaic backboard 10 is simplified, the production cost is reduced, and the environmental pollution in the production process is also reduced.
The aspects of the present disclosure will be explained below with reference to examples. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are illustrative of the present disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. The examples are not to be construed as limiting the specific techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or as per the specifications of the product. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
Example 1
(1) The weather-resistant layer comprises the following components: 55 parts by weight of a polyolefin graft copolymer, 20 parts by weight of first polypropylene, 10 parts by weight of a first polyolefin elastomer, 8 parts by weight of a first inorganic filler and 2 parts by weight of a first aging resistor, wherein the polyolefin graft copolymer is a polyolefin graft carboxyl copolymer, the graft of the polyolefin graft copolymer is maleic anhydride, the grafting ratio of the polyolefin graft copolymer is 1.0%, the melt flow index of the polyolefin graft copolymer is 80g/10min, and the average particle size of the first inorganic filler is 0.2 mu m; mixing the components to obtain a first mixture;
(2) The components of the support layer include: 5 parts by weight of a first polyethylene, 67 parts by weight of a second polypropylene, 6 parts by weight of a second polyolefin elastomer, 8 parts by weight of a second inorganic filler, and 2 parts by weight of a second anti-aging agent; mixing the components to obtain a second mixture;
(3) The components of the coextruded layer include: 40 parts by weight of a second polyethylene, 35 parts by weight of a third polypropylene, 15 parts by weight of a third polyolefin elastomer, 6 parts by weight of a third inorganic filler, and 1.5 parts by weight of a third anti-aging agent; mixing the components to obtain a third mixture;
(4) The first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture were fed into an extruder, melted in a screw of the extruder, and extruded through a T-die (casting method) to prepare a photovoltaic back sheet having a three-layer structure in which the residual heat of fusion of the weatherable layer was 15J/g, the thickness of the weatherable layer was 25 μm, the residual heat of fusion of the support layer was 15J/g, the thickness of the support layer was 300 μm, the residual heat of fusion of the co-extrusion layer was 8J/g, and the thickness of the co-extrusion layer was 25 μm.
The photovoltaic back sheets of examples 1-11 and comparative examples 1-5 were the same as example 1 except for the experimental parameters (see table 1).
Experimental parameters of the photovoltaic backsheet of examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 5 of the present invention are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
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"/" indicates none, wherein EVA is ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, EMA is ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer, and PA is polyamide.
Testing and analysis
Under the same conditions, the photovoltaic back sheets obtained in examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were respectively and directly subjected to adhesive sample preparation with back sheet-specific encapsulation silica gel, after the silica gel was cured, subjected to equilibration treatment or PCT aging test, and then subjected to peel force test using a universal tensile machine. The specific test method is as follows:
PCT aging test: according to item 6.18 of GB/T31034-2014, the test temperature is 121 ℃, the pressure is 2atm, the balance is carried out after aging for 24 hours, and then the peeling strength of the photovoltaic backboard and the silica gel is tested by using a universal tensile machine.
Peel force test method: the peel strength of the photovoltaic backboard and the silica gel was tested according to item 7.6 in T/CPIA 0015-2019 using a universal tensile machine.
The test results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be obtained by combining table 1 and table 2, the adhesion between the photovoltaic back sheet and the silica gel of examples 1 to 11 is significantly better than the test data in comparative examples 1 to 5, so that when the polyolefin graft copolymer type and the amount defined in the present invention are added to the weatherable layer of the photovoltaic back sheet, the photovoltaic back sheet can obtain excellent silica gel adhesion performance without corona. As can be seen from the test results of comparative example 1, the phenomenon that the local silica gel is separated from the back sheet occurs when the amount of the graft polymer is insufficient, which is caused by insufficient adhesion of the back sheet to the silica gel due to the excessively small amount of the graft polymer. From the test results of comparative examples 2-5, it can be seen that the problem of adhesive failure occurs when the photovoltaic backsheet is not corona treated with other types of polar resins. Meanwhile, when the filler is not used, the weather-resistant layer still has excellent bonding performance, and the integral use effect of the backboard is not affected.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "particular examples," "some embodiments," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A photovoltaic backsheet, comprising:
a weather resistant layer;
the support layer is arranged on at least one side of the weather-resistant layer;
the co-extrusion layer is arranged on one side of the supporting layer away from the weather-resistant layer;
wherein the material forming the weather-resistant layer comprises: 45-75 parts by weight of a polyolefin graft copolymer, 14-25 parts by weight of a first polypropylene, 5-15 parts by weight of a first polyolefin elastomer, 0-10 parts by weight of a first inorganic filler, and 0.1-5 parts by weight of a first antioxidant, wherein the polyolefin graft copolymer comprises at least one of carboxyl, carboxylic anhydride and hydroxyl groups.
2. The photovoltaic backsheet of claim 1 wherein the weatherable layer has a residual heat of fusion of not less than 15J/g; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the residual heat of fusion of the support layer is not less than 15J/g; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the residual heat of fusion of the coextruded layer is not greater than 10J/g.
3. The photovoltaic backsheet according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the weatherable layer is 5-50 μm; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the thickness of the supporting layer is 200-400 mu m; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the thickness of the co-extrusion layer is 3 μm to 50 μm.
4. The photovoltaic backsheet of any one of claims 1-3 wherein the polyolefin graft copolymer has a grafting ratio of 1.0% to 3.0%; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the melt flow index of the polyolefin graft copolymer is 50g/10min-100g/10min at 190 ℃; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the polyolefin graft copolymer is formed by reacting a polyolefin with a graft comprising at least one of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, and maleic anhydride.
5. A photovoltaic backsheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the average particle size a of the first inorganic filler satisfies 0<a ∈0.3 μm; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the first inorganic filler comprises titanium dioxide.
6. The photovoltaic backsheet of any one of claims 1-3 wherein the first polypropylene comprises at least one of a homo-polypropylene and a block polypropylene; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the first polyolefin elastomer comprises at least one of an ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer and a propylene-alpha-olefin copolymer; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the first antioxidant includes at least one of an acid absorber, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, and a free radical quencher.
7. A photovoltaic backsheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the material forming the support layer comprises: 1 to 10 parts by weight of a first polyethylene, 60 to 70 parts by weight of a second polypropylene, 1 to 10 parts by weight of a second polyolefin elastomer, 1 to 15 parts by weight of a second inorganic filler, and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a second antioxidant; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
The materials forming the co-extrusion layer include: 30 to 40 parts by weight of second polyethylene, 30 to 50 parts by weight of third polypropylene, 10 to 20 parts by weight of third polyolefin elastomer, 1 to 20 parts by weight of third inorganic filler and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of third antioxidant.
8. The photovoltaic backsheet of claim 7 wherein the first polyethylene comprises at least one of a high density polyethylene, a medium density polyethylene, a low density polyethylene, a linear low density polyethylene, and an ultra high molecular weight polyethylene; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second polyethylene comprises at least one of high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second polypropylene comprises at least one of a homo-polypropylene and a block polypropylene; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the third polypropylene comprises at least one of homo-polypropylene and block polypropylene; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second polyolefin elastomer comprises at least one of an ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer and a propylene alpha-olefin copolymer; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the third polyolefin elastomer comprises at least one of an ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer and a propylene alpha-olefin copolymer; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
The second inorganic filler comprises at least one of alumina, talcum powder, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, barium sulfate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the third inorganic filler comprises at least one of alumina, talcum powder, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, barium sulfate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second anti-aging agent comprises at least one of an acid absorber, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer and a free radical quencher; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the third anti-aging agent includes at least one of an acid absorber, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, and a free radical quencher.
9. A method of making the photovoltaic backsheet of any one of claims 1-8, comprising:
mixing a polyolefin graft copolymer, a first polypropylene, a first polyolefin elastomer, a first inorganic filler and a first anti-aging agent to obtain a first mixture;
mixing the components of the support layer to obtain a second mixture;
mixing the components of the co-extruded layer to obtain a third mixture;
and extruding the first mixture, the second mixture and the third mixture simultaneously to obtain the photovoltaic backboard.
10. A photovoltaic module comprising the photovoltaic backsheet of any one of claims 1-8 or a photovoltaic backsheet prepared by the method of claim 9.
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