CN117816879A - Special-shaped piece forging die, forging method thereof and special-shaped cast rod device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a forging method of a special-shaped piece, which comprises the following steps: firstly, pouring molten soup into a pouring basin, enabling the molten soup to flow to a crystallizer along the horizontal direction, and forming a special-shaped casting rod in the horizontal state; slicing the profiled cast rod to form a material; after the material is heated to the forging temperature, the upper die core is closed towards the lower die core, part of the material protrudes from the upper die core and the lower die core to fill the upper die cavity of the upper die core and the lower die cavity of the lower die core so as to form a rough blank, and the thickness of the material is 70-100% of the thickness of the rough blank. The invention solves the problem that the rough blank processed by the special-shaped piece can be folded; solves the problem of serious flash in the processing process of the irregular piece, and low material yield.

Description

Special-shaped piece forging die, forging method thereof and special-shaped cast rod device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of forging dies, in particular to a forging die technology.

Background

In general, when forging a profile, a cast round ingot is extruded to obtain a profile bar, and then the profile bar is sliced to obtain a profile sheet, wherein the profile sheet is the material 30, and then the material 30 is molded into a rough blank by a die, and then the rough blank is processed. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a mold core commonly used in forging a conventional profile, wherein the mold core has an upper mold core 10 and a lower mold core 20, and the upper mold core 10 and the lower mold core 20 are commonly provided with special shapes due to the mold core used in forging the profile, and in the example of fig. 1, the upper mold core 10 has two upper mold cavities 11 and an upper connecting cavity 12 between the two upper mold cavities 11, the lower mold core 20 has two lower mold cavities 21 and two lower connecting cavities 22 connecting the two lower mold cavities 21, the two upper mold cavities 11 respectively correspond to the two lower mold cavities 21, the upper connecting cavity 12 corresponds to the lower connecting cavity 22, and the material 30 to be processed is simply cut into rectangular blocks from the raw material between the upper mold core 10 and the lower mold core 20, so that the material 30 has eight corners 31, and the edges 32 of the material 30 have burrs due to cutting.

Referring to fig. 2, when the upper mold core 10 and the lower mold core 20 are closed, the material 30 is extruded and deformed, and eight corners 31 and edges 32 of the material 30 are folded towards the two upper mold cavities 11 and the two lower mold cavities 21. Referring to fig. 3A and 3B, after the upper mold core 10 and the lower mold core 20 are completely closed, eight corners 31 and edges 32 of the material 30 are completely folded to be adhered to the main body of the material 30, so that the stacking problem is generated in the formed blank structure, the burrs of the edges 32 are also stacked to form gaps 33 on the blank after the closing, so that the blank quality is poor, and the material 30 extruded out of the upper mold core 10 and the lower mold core 20 is very much in the closing process, so that the material yield is poor.

Referring to fig. 4, a processing method is further proposed to solve the problem of stacking the material 30, mainly by extending the length of the material 30, so that eight corners 31 of the material 30 will not be in the upper mold cavity 11 and the lower mold cavity 21 when the material 30 is placed between the upper mold core 10 and the lower mold core 20. Referring to fig. 5, when the upper mold core 10 and the lower mold core 20 are clamped, eight corners 31 and edges 32 of the material 30 are extruded between the upper mold core 10 and the lower mold core 20, so that the material 30 is not folded in the upper mold cavity 11 and the lower mold cavity 21, but the material 30 extruded between the upper mold core 10 and the lower mold core 20 is too much, and the yield is very poor.

In both the above processing methods, since the material 30 overflows the upper mold core 10 and the lower mold core 20, in order to ensure that the material 30 can fill the upper mold cavity 11 and the lower mold cavity 21 when the upper mold core 10 and the lower mold core 20 are closed, the thickness of the material 30 must be higher than the height of the blank to be completed, and thus the overflowed material 30 is too much. In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a technical means for solving the problem of poor material yield caused by folding the blank material 30 after processing the above-mentioned special-shaped piece or by too thick slicing the material 30.

In order to solve the above problems, a novel profile forging die, a forging method thereof and a profile casting bar device are required.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, a first object of the present invention is to solve the problem of material folding that occurs when the blank is processed from a profiled element.

The second purpose of the invention is to solve the problem of low yield caused by serious flash in the processing process of the special-shaped piece in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a forging method of a profile, comprising the steps of:

firstly, injecting molten soup into a pouring basin, enabling the molten soup to flow to a crystallizer along the horizontal direction, and forming a special-shaped casting bar in the horizontal state;

slicing the special-shaped casting bar to form a material, wherein the material is provided with a plurality of corners and a plurality of special-shaped slice blank casting surfaces connected with the corners, the material is placed between an upper die core and a lower die core, and the corners and the special-shaped slice blank casting surfaces are placed at positions corresponding to an overflow trough of the upper die core and an underflow trough of the lower die core;

step three, heating the material to a forging temperature, and closing the upper die core towards the lower die core;

and step four, part of the material protrudes from the upper die section of the upper die core and the lower die section of the lower die core so as to fill the upper die cavity of the upper die core and the lower die cavity of the lower die core to form a rough blank, wherein the thickness of the material is 70-100% of the thickness of the rough blank.

The present invention also provides a profile forging die for cooperation with a material, the profile forging die comprising:

the lower die core is provided with a lower die section, a lower clamping section and a lower stop section which are sequentially connected, the lower die section is surrounded by the lower clamping section, the lower die section is provided with a lower die surface and a lower die cavity concavely arranged from the lower die surface, the lower clamping section is provided with a lower clamping surface, the lower stop section is provided with a lower die wall, and the lower die wall is provided with a lower die wall side surface;

the upper die section is surrounded by the upper clamping section, the upper clamping section protrudes towards the lower die section and the lower clamping section, when the upper die core and the lower die core are clamped, the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity are sealed, the upper die section is provided with an upper die surface, an upper die cavity which is concavely arranged from the upper die surface and faces the lower die core, the upper clamping section is provided with an upper clamping surface corresponding to the lower clamping surface, and the material is placed between the upper die core and the lower die core.

The invention further provides a special-shaped casting bar device, which comprises:

a pouring basin for containing molten soup, the pouring basin having an injection port;

the crystallizer is arranged along a horizontal direction with the pouring basin and is closely adjacent to the pouring basin, and the crystallizer is communicated with the pouring opening of the pouring basin;

an ultrasonic vibration device is provided with an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic amplifying rod and an ultrasonic tool head which are connected, wherein the ultrasonic amplifying rod and the ultrasonic tool head extend into the pouring basin, the ultrasonic tool head is positioned adjacent to the pouring opening, and the ultrasonic tool head is used for enabling molten soup in the pouring basin to be fine crystallized.

As described above, when the upper mold core 50 and the lower mold core 40 are closed, the lower mold wall 441 limits the deformation space of the material 60, so that the material 60 does not overflow between the upper mold core 50 and the lower mold core 40, and the material 60 is deformed toward the upper mold section 51 and the lower mold section 41, so that not only the upper mold cavity 512 and the lower mold cavity 412 can be filled with the material 60 with a thickness of 70% -100% of the thickness of the blank 631, but also the volume of the remainder is greatly reduced; further, since the cull section 61 of the material 60 is confined within the upper flash tank 531 and the lower flash tank 431 and separated from the lower cull section 42 by the upper cull section 52, no material overlapping problems can occur with the material 60 of the rough blank section 63 and the corners 611 or the profiled sliced green cast surfaces 612 of the material 60.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first prior art;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first prior art mold closing process;

FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of a first prior art full clamp;

FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of a portion of the circled portion of FIG. 3A;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second prior art;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second prior art full mold;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a process of clamping the upper mold insert;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an upper die core extrusion material;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a full clamp;

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the horizontal casting of the present invention;

FIG. 11A is a schematic illustration of a cross section of a profiled bar of irregular cross section material;

FIG. 11B is a schematic illustration of a cross section of a profiled bar of irregular cross section material;

FIG. 11C is a schematic illustration of a cross section of a profiled bar with irregular cross section material;

FIG. 11D is a schematic illustration of a cross section of a profiled bar with irregular cross section material.

Reference numerals:

upper die core 10

Upper die cavity 11

Upper connecting hole 12

Lower die core 20

Lower die cavity 21

Lower connecting hole 22

Material 30

Corner 31

Material edge 32

Gap 33

The invention is that

Lower die core 40

Lower die section 41

Lower die face 411

Lower die cavity 412

Lower nip 42

Lower clamping surface 421

Lower flash section 43

Underflow bin 431

Lower stop section 44

Lower mold wall 441

Lower die wall side 4411

Upper die core 50

Upper die section 51

Upper die surface 511

Upper mold cavity 512

Upper nip section 52

Upper clamping surface 521

Upper flash section 53

Upper flash groove 531

Upper stop section 54

Upper stop groove 541

Material 60

Excess material section 61

Corner 611

Profiled sliced embryo casting surface 612

Cut segment 62

Blank section 63

Blank 631

Special-shaped casting bar 64

Basin 71

Ultrasonic vibration device 72

Crystallizer 73

Distance H of clamping material

Segregation phase S

Detailed Description

Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 6-11D, the present invention provides a forging die for a profile, having a lower die core 40 and an upper die core 50, wherein:

the lower die core 40 has a lower die section 41, a lower clamping section 42, a lower flash section 43 and a lower stop section 44 which are sequentially connected, the lower die section 41 is surrounded by the lower clamping section 42, the lower clamping section 42 is surrounded by the lower flash section 43, the lower flash section 43 is surrounded by the lower stop section 44, the lower die section 41 has a lower die surface 411, and a lower die cavity 412 concavely arranged from the lower die surface 411, the lower clamping section 42 has a lower clamping surface 421, the lower flash section 43 concavely has an lower flash groove 431, the lower stop section 44 has a lower die wall 441, and the lower die wall 441 has a lower die wall side 4411.

The upper die core 50 has an upper die section 51, an upper clamping section 52, an upper flash section 53 and an upper stopper section 54 which are sequentially connected, the upper die section 51 is surrounded by the upper clamping section 52, the upper clamping section 52 is surrounded by the upper flash section 53, the upper flash section 53 is surrounded by the upper stopper section 54, the upper die section 51, the upper clamping section 52 and the upper flash section 53 are protruded toward the lower die section 41, the lower clamping section 42 and the lower flash section 43, when the upper die core 50 and the lower die core 40 are clamped, the upper die section 51, the upper clamping section 52 and the upper flash section 53 seal the upper die cavity 512 and the lower die cavity 412, the upper die section 51 has an upper die face 511, and an upper die cavity 512 concavely arranged from the upper die face 511 and toward the lower die core 40, the upper clamping section 52 has an upper die cavity 421 corresponding to the lower die face 421, the upper die cavity 431 has a lower die cavity 531 corresponding to the lower die cavity 53, and the upper die cavity 531 is connected to the upper die cavity 53 by the upper die cavity 53, and the upper die cavity 531 is connected to the upper die cavity 53.

It should be noted that the structures of the upper molding section 51, the upper clamping section 52, the upper flash section 53, the upper stop section 54, the lower molding section 41, the lower clamping section 42, the lower flash section 43 and the lower stop section 44 may be disposed only in a part of the mold, so that the effect of restricting flash is limited to only in a part of the mold, but not limited thereto.

A material 60, a special-shaped casting bar 64 is formed by horizontal casting, and the special-shaped casting bar 64 is sliced to form the material 60, the material 60 is arranged between the upper die core 50 and the lower die core 40, the material 60 is provided with a plurality of corners 611 and a plurality of special-shaped sliced blank casting surfaces 612, the corners 611 and the special-shaped sliced blank casting surfaces 612 are easy to have burrs generated by cutting and segregation layers S generated in the casting process, and each corner 611 and each special-shaped sliced blank casting surface 612 of the material 60 are arranged at positions corresponding to the overflow chute 531 and the underflow chute 431.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6-9, the lower clamping section 42 has a lower clamping surface 421 facing the upper clamping section 52, the upper clamping section 52 has an upper clamping surface 521 facing the lower clamping section 42, when the upper mold core 50 and the lower mold core 40 are clamped, a clamping distance H is provided between the lower clamping surface 421 and the upper clamping surface 521, the clamping distance H is determined according to the thickness of the material 60 that is easily cut, and after the lower clamping surface 421 and the upper clamping surface 521 press the material 60 placed between the upper mold core 50 and the lower mold core 40, the thickness of the material 60 is pressed to be consistent with the clamping distance H, so that the material 60 formed between the upper clamping section 52 and the lower clamping section 42 is more easily cut.

Next, referring to fig. 8 and 9, after the upper mold core 50 and the lower mold core 40 are clamped, the lower mold wall side 4411 partially abuts against the upper flash section 53, and the lower mold wall side 4411 partially connects the upper flash section 531 and the lower flash section 431, so that when the upper mold core 50 and the lower mold core 40 are clamped, the material 60 is extruded to the upper flash section 531 and the lower flash section 431 and partially is blocked by the lower mold wall side 4411, and the material 60 cannot be deformed in the upper flash section 531 and the lower flash section 431 after filling the upper flash section 531 and the lower flash section 431, so that the material 60 cannot overflow the upper mold core 50 and the lower mold core 40, and the material 60 can be confined between the upper mold section 51 and the lower mold section 41 to deform, thereby ensuring that the material 60 can fill the upper mold cavity 512 and the lower mold cavity 412.

It should be noted that, referring to fig. 11A-11D for the cross section of the irregular shaped cast rod,

referring to fig. 10, the present invention further provides a special-shaped casting bar apparatus, comprising:

a basin 71 for containing the filled molten soup, the basin 71 having at least one pouring opening 711;

at least one crystallizer 73, which is disposed along a horizontal direction Y with the casting basin 71 and is adjacent to the casting basin 71, wherein the crystallizer 73 is communicated with the casting basin 71, and when the number of the injection ports 711 and the number of the crystallizers 73 are plural, each injection port 711 corresponds to one crystallizer 73;

at least one ultrasonic vibration device 72 having an ultrasonic transducer 721, an ultrasonic amplification rod 722 and an ultrasonic tool head 723 connected thereto, the ultrasonic amplification rod 722 and the ultrasonic tool head 723 being extended into the casting basin 71, the ultrasonic tool head 723 being adjacent to the injection port 711, the ultrasonic tool head 723 being provided to enable the molten soup in the casting basin 71 to be fine-crystallized while allowing the shaped casting bar 64 to be shaped later to be mostly equiaxed, and to enhance the elongation and fatigue strength of the shaped casting bar 64, the ultrasonic tool heads 723 being adjacent to one of the injection ports 711, respectively, when the number of the ultrasonic vibration devices 72 is plural.

Thus, the horizontal casting means that the molten metal filled in the casting pot 71 is injected into the mold 73 through the injection port 711 in the horizontal direction Y to make the solidification process of the cast slab horizontal, the special-shaped cast rod 64 is formed in the horizontal state, and the molten metal is allowed to be fine-crystallized by the ultrasonic tool head 723 before the molten metal is injected into the mold 73, so that the special-shaped cast rod 64 formed later is mostly equiaxed crystals.

The above is a structural configuration and connection relation of the present invention in a preferred embodiment, and the usage of the present invention and the effects thereof are as follows:

referring to fig. 10, in step one, molten metal is poured into a casting basin 71 to flow horizontally to a mold 73, so that the solidification process of the cast blank is horizontal, and a special-shaped casting rod 64 is formed in the horizontal state.

Referring to fig. 7, step two, the special-shaped casting bar 64 is sliced to form the material 60, the material 60 after being sliced has eight corners 611 (the drawing is a section and only shows four corners 611), and four special-shaped sliced blank casting surfaces 612 (the drawing is a section and only shows two special-shaped sliced blank casting surfaces 612) connected to each corner 611, the special-shaped sliced blank casting surfaces 612 have burrs for the cutting position of the material 60, in addition, the special-shaped sliced blank casting surfaces 612 also have segregation layers S generated in the casting process, the material 60 is placed between the upper die core 50 and the lower die core 40, and each corner 611 and each special-shaped sliced blank casting surface 612 of the material 60 are placed at positions corresponding to the overflow groove 531 and the underflow groove 431.

Referring to fig. 8, step three, after the material 60 is heated to the forging temperature, the upper mold core 50 is clamped towards the lower mold core 40, so that the upper clamping section 52 and the lower clamping section 42 extrude the material 60, and the material 60 is divided into a residual material section 61, a cutting section 62 and a rough blank section 63 which are sequentially connected, the residual material section 61 is located in the upper overflow groove 531 and the lower overflow groove 431, and each corner 611 and each special-shaped sliced blank casting surface 612 are located in the residual material section 61, and the upper clamping section 52 and the lower clamping section 42 clamp the cutting section 62 of the material 60, so that the residual material section 61 is fixed in the upper overflow groove 531 and the lower overflow groove 431, and each corner 611 and each special-shaped sliced blank casting surface 612 are far away from the rough blank section 63.

Referring to fig. 9, in step four, after the upper mold core 50 and the lower mold core 40 are completely closed, since the material 60 located in the upper flash tank 531 and the lower flash tank 431 is filled, the blank section 63 of the material 60 protrudes from the upper mold section 51 and the lower mold section 41 to fill the upper mold cavity 512 and the lower mold cavity 412 to form a blank 631, and at this time, the thickness of the material 60 is 70% -100% of the thickness of the blank 631.

Therefore, when the upper mold core 50 and the lower mold core 40 are assembled, the lower mold wall 441 limits the deformation space of the material 60, so that the material 60 does not overflow between the upper mold core 50 and the lower mold core 40, and the material 60 is deformed toward the upper mold section 51 and the lower mold section 41, so that not only the upper mold cavity 512 and the lower mold cavity 412 can be filled with the material 60 with a thickness of 70% -100% of the thickness of the blank 631, but also the volume of the remainder is greatly reduced; furthermore, since the excess material 61 of the material 60 is confined in the upper flash tank 531 and the lower flash tank 431 and separated from the lower clamp section 42 by the upper clamp section 52, the corner 611 or the profiled sliced blank casting surface 612 of the material 60 and the material 60 of the rough blank section 63 are not subject to material overlapping, and the segregation layer S on the periphery of the material 60 is isolated and confined in the upper flash tank 531 and the lower flash tank 431 during forging, so that the segregation layer S is not remained in the rough blank section 63, and the process of peeling and removing the segregation layer S in advance can be omitted.

It should be noted that, the illustrations provided in the present embodiment merely illustrate the basic concept of the present invention by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complex.

In summary, the invention solves the problem that the rough blank processed by the special-shaped piece can cause material folding; solves the problem of serious flash in the processing process of the irregular piece, and low material yield. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (8)

1. A method of forging a profile, comprising:

firstly, injecting molten soup into a pouring basin, enabling the molten soup to flow to a crystallizer along the horizontal direction, and forming a special-shaped casting bar in the horizontal state;

step two, slicing the special-shaped casting bar to form a material, wherein the material is provided with a plurality of corners and a plurality of special-shaped slice blank casting surfaces connected with the corners, the material is placed between an upper die core and a lower die core, and the corners and the special-shaped slice blank casting surfaces are placed at positions corresponding to an upper overflow trough of the upper die core and a lower overflow trough of the lower die core;

step three, heating the material to a forging temperature, and closing the upper die core towards the lower die core;

and step four, part of the material protrudes from the upper die section of the upper die core and the lower die section of the lower die core so as to fill the upper die cavity of the upper die core and the lower die cavity of the lower die core to form a rough blank, wherein the thickness of the material is 70% -100% of the thickness of the rough blank.

2. A method of forging a profile as recited in claim 1, wherein:

step three, extruding the material by the upper die core and the lower die core, dividing the material into a residual material section and a rough blank section, wherein the residual material section is positioned in the overflow trough and the underflow trough, each corner of the material and each different slice blank casting surface are positioned in the residual material section, and the residual material section is positioned in the overflow trough and the underflow trough;

in the fourth step, the blank section protrudes from the upper die section of the upper die core and the lower die section of the lower die core to fill the upper die cavity of the upper die core and the lower die cavity of the lower die core, so as to form the blank.

3. A profile forging die for cooperation with a material, the profile forging die comprising:

the lower die core is provided with a lower die section, a lower clamping section and a lower stop section which are sequentially connected, the lower die section is surrounded by the lower clamping section, the lower die section is provided with a lower die surface and a lower die cavity concavely arranged from the lower die surface, the lower clamping section is provided with a lower clamping surface, the lower stop section is provided with a lower die wall, and the lower die wall is provided with a lower die wall side surface;

the upper die section is surrounded by the upper clamping section, the upper clamping section protrudes towards the lower die section and the lower clamping section, when the upper die core and the lower die core are clamped, the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity are sealed, the upper die section is provided with an upper die surface, an upper die cavity which is concavely arranged from the upper die surface and faces the lower die core, the upper clamping section is provided with an upper clamping surface corresponding to the lower clamping surface, and the material is placed between the upper die core and the lower die core.

4. A profile forging die as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the lower die core is provided with a lower flash section, the lower flash section is surrounded by the lower stop section, an lower flash tank is concavely arranged on the lower flash section, the upper die core is provided with an upper flash section, the upper flash section is surrounded by the upper flash section, the upper flash section is provided with an upper flash tank concavely arranged corresponding to the lower flash section, the upper stop section is concavely provided with an upper stop tank connected with the upper flash section, the upper stop tank is used for the lower die wall to be connected and enables the side surface of the lower die wall to lean against the upper flash section so as to seal the upper flash tank and the lower flash tank, and each corner of the material and each abnormal slice blank casting surface are placed at positions corresponding to the upper flash tank and the lower flash tank.

5. A profile forging die as recited in claim 4, wherein: when the upper die core and the lower die core are assembled, one part of the side surface of the lower die wall is abutted against the upper overflow section, and the other part of the side surface of the lower die wall is connected with the upper overflow trough and the lower overflow trough.

6. A profile forging die as recited in claim 4, wherein: after the upper die core and the lower die core are matched, the upper clamping section and the lower clamping section extrude the material, the material is divided into a residual material section, a cutting section and a rough blank section which are connected in sequence, and the residual material section is positioned in the overflow chute and the underflow chute.

7. A profile forging die as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the lower clamping section is provided with a lower clamping surface facing the upper clamping section, the upper clamping section is provided with an upper clamping surface facing the lower clamping section, and a clamping distance is arranged between the lower clamping surface and the upper clamping surface after the upper die core and the lower die core are clamped.

8. A profiled bar apparatus comprising:

a pouring basin for containing molten soup, the pouring basin having at least one pouring port;

at least one crystallizer, which is arranged along a horizontal direction with the pouring basin and is closely adjacent to the pouring basin, and is communicated with the pouring opening of the pouring basin;

at least one ultrasonic vibration device, which is provided with an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic amplifying rod and an ultrasonic tool head, wherein the ultrasonic amplifying rod and the ultrasonic tool head are connected, the ultrasonic tool head extends into the pouring basin, the ultrasonic tool head is adjacent to the pouring opening, and the ultrasonic tool head is used for enabling molten soup in the pouring basin to be fine crystallized.