CN117810699A - Base station antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a base station antenna. The base station antenna comprises a phase shifter, a reflecting plate, a main feeder line, a radiating unit and a joint assembly; the phase shifter comprises N metal cavities, a first phase shifter circuit, a second phase shifter circuit and a phase shifter coaxial cable connecting wire, wherein N is more than or equal to 2, N is a natural number, 2 metal cavities are arranged in an up-down lamination mode, the first phase shifter circuit and the second phase shifter circuit are respectively arranged in the two metal cavities, so that strip lines are placed in the metal cavities in a sufficient space, all complementary phase lines are integrated in the phase shifter circuit, a highly integrated phase shifter is formed, and the same layer of the reflecting plate is only required to be provided with one metal cavity, so that the whole circuit structure of the phase shifter applied to the multi-frequency base station antenna and the optimization of the metal cavity structure are realized, and the manufacturing difficulty is reduced.

Description

Base station antenna

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to a base station antenna.

Background

In the prior art, the main components of the antenna mainly comprise phase shifters, radiating units, connectors and reflecting plates, wherein the components are commonly connected by using conventional cables, so that the antenna is generally lower in signal receiving and transmitting capability under the influence of insertion loss introduced by the cables, and meanwhile, the components of the antenna are easily influenced by assembled cavities to generate resonance, so that the components of the antenna are required to be distinguished and assembled into different cavities, but the multiple-frequency base station antenna needs a plurality of phase shifters to be matched, so that the components of the antenna are increased, the cavities for assembling the components are increased, the reflecting plates are commonly manufactured by using an integral molding process, a plurality of metal cavities for assembling equipment are difficult to form on the same layer, the production efficiency is difficult to be improved, and the quality of the antenna cannot be guaranteed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome at least one of the defects described in the prior art, the invention provides a base station antenna, which can optimize the whole circuit structure of a phase shifter and the metal cavity structure, and reduce the manufacturing difficulty.

The base station antenna comprises a phase shifter, a reflecting plate, a main feeder line, a radiating unit and a joint component; the phase shifter comprises N metal cavities, a first phase shifter circuit, a second phase shifter circuit and a phase shifter coaxial cable connecting wire, wherein N is more than or equal to 2, and N is a natural number; the main feeder is a main feeder strip line or a main feeder coaxial cable; when n=2, the 2 metal cavities are arranged in a vertically stacked manner, the first phase shifter circuit and the second phase shifter circuit are respectively arranged in the two metal cavities, the coaxial cable connecting wire of the phase shifter is electrically connected between the first phase shifter circuit and the second phase shifter circuit, and insulating medium blocks capable of freely sliding in a reciprocating manner are arranged in the first phase shifter circuit and the second phase shifter circuit and are used for driving the phase of electromagnetic waves to change; the joint assembly is electrically connected with the first phase shifter circuit through the main feed coaxial cable; when N is more than or equal to 3, 2 metal cavities are arranged in a vertically stacked mode and are respectively used for arranging the first phase shifter circuit and the second phase shifter circuit, the coaxial cable connecting wire of the phase shifter is electrically connected between the first phase shifter circuit and the second phase shifter circuit, insulating medium blocks capable of sliding reciprocally and freely are arranged in the first phase shifter circuit and the second phase shifter circuit, and the insulating medium blocks are used for driving the phase of electromagnetic waves to change; the main feed strip line is arranged in the other metal cavity, one end of the main feed strip line is connected with the joint assembly, and the other end of the main feed strip line is electrically connected with the first phase shifter circuit; the radiation unit and the metal cavity are arranged on the reflecting plate, and the second phase shifter circuit is electrically connected with the radiation unit.

In the base station antenna, N metal cavities are arranged on the reflecting plate, wherein N is more than or equal to 2, N is a natural number, the first phase shifter circuit and the second phase shifter circuit are respectively arranged in the two metal cavities, so that the metal cavities have enough space for placing strip lines, all complementary phase lines are integrated in the phase shifter circuits to form a highly integrated phase shifter, the metal cavities are vertically stacked, one metal cavity is only needed to be arranged on the same layer of the reflecting plate, the optimization of the whole circuit structure and the metal cavity structure of the phase shifter applied to the multi-frequency base station antenna is realized, the manufacturing difficulty is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the metal cavity is integrally pultruded from a lightweight aluminum alloy conductor.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the first and second phase shifter circuits are each made of a metal strip line or a PCB circuit board.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a coaxial cable or a PCB circuit board is electrically connected between the second phase shifter circuit and the radiating element.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the main feed coaxial cable is a 250 coaxial cable or a 1/2 foot bellows coaxial cable.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the main feed stripline is made of metal stripline or PCB circuit board.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the connector assembly further comprises a patch coaxial cable connected between the main feed stripline and the connector assembly.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a clamping groove is arranged in the metal cavity for arranging the main feed strip line.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a copper-clad PCB or an insulated metal plate is provided in the card slot to divide the metal cavity into a plurality of metal cavities.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the number of radiating elements is greater than or equal to 3.

In summary, the base station antenna provided by the invention has the following technical effects:

through with N the metal cavity set up in on the reflecting plate, wherein N is more than or equal to 2, N is natural number, first phase shifter circuit with the second phase shifter circuit sets up respectively in two the metal cavity, so that the metal cavity has sufficient space to place the stripline, thereby integrate all supplementary phase lines in the phase shifter circuit, constitute highly integrated phase shifter, and the metal cavity is the range upon range of setting from top to bottom, so that only need be provided with on the same layer of reflecting plate one the metal cavity realizes the optimization of the whole circuit structure and the metal cavity structure of the phase shifter that is applied to multifrequency basic station antenna, reduces the manufacturing degree of difficulty to reduce manufacturing cost, improve production efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of area A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of region B of FIG. 2;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of still another structure of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of region C of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of region D of FIG. 5;

fig. 8 is another schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the area E in fig. 8.

Wherein the reference numerals have the following meanings:

1. a phase shifter; 11. a metal cavity; 12. a first phase shifter circuit; 13. a second phase shifter circuit; 14. a phase shifter coaxial cable connection line; 2. a reflection plate; 3. a main feed line; 4. a radiation unit; 5. a joint assembly; 6. and switching the coaxial cable.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, the present invention discloses a base station antenna, which includes a phase shifter 1, a reflection plate 2, a main feeder line 3, a radiation unit 4 and a joint assembly 5; in some embodiments, the phase shifter 1 comprises N metal cavities 11, a first phase shifter circuit 12, a second phase shifter circuit 13 and a phase shifter coaxial cable connection line 14, wherein N is equal to or greater than 2, and N is a natural number; optionally, the main feeder 3 is a main feeder strip line or a main feeder coaxial cable; alternatively, the radiation unit 4 and the metal cavity 11 are disposed on the reflection plate 2, that is, the radiation unit 4 is disposed on one side of the reflection plate 2, the metal cavity 11 is disposed on the other side of the reflection plate 2, as shown in fig. 1, or the metal cavity 11 and the radiation unit 4 are disposed on the same side of the reflection plate 2, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, and the second phase shifter circuit 13 is electrically connected to the radiation unit 4; optionally, the number of the radiating elements 4 is greater than or equal to 3, so that the radiating elements 4 can have sufficient signal strength; optionally, when n=2, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are respectively disposed in the two metal cavities 11, so that the metal cavities 11 have enough space to place strip lines, thereby integrating all complementary phase lines in the phase shifter circuits to form a highly integrated phase shifter 1; optionally, when N is greater than or equal to 3, 2 of the metal cavities 11 are arranged in a vertically stacked manner, and are respectively used for setting the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, the main feed strip line is disposed in the other metal cavity 11, one end of the main feed strip line is connected with the joint assembly 5, and the other end of the main feed strip line is electrically connected with the first phase shifter circuit 12, so that insertion loss of the antenna introduced by the main feed coaxial cable can be reduced, and gain of the antenna can be improved.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, when n=2, that is, the phase shifter 1 is provided with two metal cavities 11, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are respectively disposed in the two metal cavities 11, so that the metal cavities 11 have enough space to place strip lines, thereby integrating all complementary phase lines in the phase shifter circuit to form a highly integrated phase shifter 1. Optionally, the phase shifter coaxial cable connection line 14 is electrically connected between the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, so that the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are integrated into one phase shifter 1 capable of being applied to a multi-frequency base station antenna, the radiation unit 4 only needs to be connected with one of the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, the joint component 5 only needs to be connected with the other phase shifter circuit 13, optionally, the joint component 5 is electrically connected with the first phase shifter circuit 12 through the main feed coaxial cable, the second phase shifter circuit 13 is electrically connected with the radiation unit 4, and meanwhile, the metal cavities 11 are stacked up and down, so that only one metal cavity 11 is required to be arranged on the same layer of the reflection plate 2, the overall circuit structure of the phase shifter 1 and the metal cavity 11 structure of the corresponding base station antenna are optimized, manufacturing difficulty is reduced, and production efficiency is improved. Optionally, insulating medium blocks capable of sliding reciprocally and freely are disposed in the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, and electromagnetic wave phases can be driven to change by sliding the insulating medium blocks in the first phase shifter circuit 12 and/or the second phase shifter circuit 13, so as to change the radiation direction of the antenna.

Referring to fig. 1, 5, 6 and 7, when N is greater than or equal to 3, that is, the phase shifter 1 is provided with at least three metal cavities 11, wherein the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are respectively disposed in two metal cavities 11, and the main feed strip line is disposed in the other N-2 metal cavities 11, so that the metal cavities 11 have enough space to place strip lines, thereby integrating all complementary phase lines in the phase shifter circuits to form the highly integrated phase shifter 1. Optionally, the phase shifter coaxial cable connection line 14 is electrically connected between the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, so that the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are integrated into a phase shifter 1 capable of being applied to a multi-frequency base station antenna, the radiation unit 4 is only required to be connected with one of the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, the joint assembly 5 is only required to be connected with the other phase shifter circuit 13, optionally, one end of the main feed strip line is connected with the joint assembly 5, the other end of the main feed strip line is electrically connected with the first phase shifter circuit 12, the second phase shifter circuit 13 is electrically connected with the radiation unit 4, meanwhile, the metal cavity 11 is arranged in a vertically stacked manner, that is, the metal cavity 11 for setting the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the metal cavity 11 for setting the second phase shifter circuit 13 are arranged in a vertically stacked manner, so that the same layer of the reflection plate 2 is required to be provided with the metal cavity 11, and the production cost of the antenna is reduced, and the overall production cost of the antenna is only required to be reduced. Optionally, insulating medium blocks capable of sliding reciprocally and freely are disposed in the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, and electromagnetic wave phases can be driven to change by sliding the insulating medium blocks in the first phase shifter circuit 12 and/or the second phase shifter circuit 13, so as to change the radiation direction of the antenna.

Optionally, the metal cavities 11 arranged in a vertically stacked manner are parallel to the reflecting plate 2, that is, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are parallel to the reflecting plate 2, and optionally, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are arranged in a vertically stacked manner, where the first phase shifter circuit 12 is located on an upper layer of the second phase shifter circuit 13 or the second phase shifter circuit 13 is located on an upper layer of the first phase shifter circuit 12. Alternatively, the N metal cavities 11 may be stacked one by one along a direction away from the reflecting plate 2; alternatively, the metal cavity 11 for setting the main feed strip line may be provided on one side of the metal cavity 11 for setting the first phase shifter circuit 12 and/or the second phase shifter circuit 13, the one side of the metal cavity 11 including one of an upper side, a lower side, a left side, a right side, a front side, and a rear side.

Optionally, the insulating medium block may be driven by one or more driving elements such as a motor, an air cylinder, an electric control screw rod, or the like, and optionally, a transmission member such as a gear, a rack, a connecting rod, or a telescopic rod is disposed between the driving element and the insulating medium block, that is, the driving element drives the transmission member to drive the insulating medium block to slide in the first phase shifter circuit 12 and/or the second phase shifter circuit 13, so as to drive the phase of electromagnetic waves to change, thereby changing the radiation direction of the antenna.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, in some embodiments, the metal cavity 11 is made of a metal material, preferably, the metal cavity 11 is preferably made of a light conductor, optionally, the metal cavity 11 is made of an aluminum alloy, optionally, the metal cavity 11 is made of a light aluminum alloy conductor by integrally pultrusion, so that the metal cavity 11 has better toughness and stronger shock resistance, further, the metal cavity 11 and the reflecting plate 2 are made into an integral structure by adopting an integrally pultrusion process, optionally, the metal cavity 11 and the reflecting plate 2 are mutually independent components, and N metal cavities 11 can be made of one or more aluminum alloys by integrally pultrusion process and then are fixedly connected with the reflecting plate 2 by one or more manners of welding, snap connection, threaded connection and the like; optionally, the metal cavity 11 and the reflecting plate 2 are independent components, and the N metal cavities 11 may be made of one or more aluminum alloys through an integral pultrusion process, and then are detachably connected with the reflecting plate 2 through one or more manners such as snap connection, threaded connection, etc., so that during subsequent maintenance, parts of the components are replaced, thereby reducing maintenance cost.

Optionally, the reflecting plate 2 is provided with a corresponding assembly bracket, the metal cavity 11 is assembled on the assembly bracket, and optionally, the assembly bracket is provided with a plurality of structures such as slots or through slots, the metal cavity 11 is detachably connected with the structures such as the slots or the through slots through fasteners such as bolts or screws, so that the metal cavity 11 can move along the length direction of the slots or the through slots, and the fine adjustment of the position of the metal cavity 11 on the reflecting plate 2 is realized, so that the assembly of components or the layout of cables is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 4 and 7, in some embodiments, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are respectively disposed in two metal cavities 11, so that the metal cavities 11 have enough space to place strip lines, thereby integrating all complementary phase lines in the phase shifter circuits, each forming a highly integrated phase shifter 1, and optionally, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are made of metal strip lines or PCB circuit boards, where the second phase shifter circuit 13 is electrically connected with the radiation unit 4, that is, the radiation unit 4 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 can be mutually abutted to form a path, so that the existing assembly process of switching by using cables is effectively replaced, the insertion loss and the number of parts introduced by the cables of the antenna are reduced, and the gain of the antenna can be improved. Optionally, when N is greater than or equal to 3, the main feeder 3 is a main feeder strip line, one end of the main feeder strip line is connected with the joint component 5, and the other end of the main feeder strip line is electrically connected with the first phase shifter circuit 12, that is, the joint component 5 and the main feeder 3 can be mutually abutted to form a path, and the main feeder 3 and the first phase shifter circuit 12 can be mutually abutted to form a path, so that the insertion loss of the antenna introduced by a cable is further reduced, and the gain of the antenna can be improved. Optionally, welding, bolting, pinning, snap-on connection and the like can be further added between the two parts abutted against each other, so that the two parts abutted against each other can form a stable connection relationship, a conducting state is maintained, disconnection of the two parts abutted against each other or loss caused by poor contact is avoided, connection between the two parts abutted against each other is optimized, and electromagnetic waves can be transmitted in the base station antenna.

In some embodiments, a coaxial cable or a PCB circuit board is electrically connected between the second phase shifter circuit 13 and the radiating element 4. Optionally, the radiating element 4 is assembled on a peak of the PCB circuit board and is electrically connected with the PCB circuit board, and the second phase shifter circuit 13 is electrically connected with the PCB circuit board, so that the second phase shifter circuit 13 and the radiating element 4 can be electrically connected through the PCB circuit board, so that insertion loss of an antenna caused by a cable and use of parts such as the cable can be reduced, production cost can be effectively reduced, optionally, the second phase shifter circuit 13 and the radiating element 4 can be mutually abutted with the PCB circuit board to form a path, difficulty in assembling the second phase shifter circuit 13 and the radiating element 4 with the PCB circuit board is further reduced, production efficiency is improved, and optionally, welding, bolting, pinning, buckling connection and the like can be further increased on the basis of mutual abutment, so that the second phase shifter circuit 13 and the radiating element 4 can be kept in a good conducting state with the PCB circuit board, and situations such as disconnection and the like are avoided, and transmission of electromagnetic waves in a base station antenna is ensured; optionally, the metal cavity 11 is provided with a through hole, one end of the coaxial cable passes through the through hole and is electrically connected with the second phase shifter circuit 13, or the connection part of the second phase shifter circuit 13 extends out of the metal cavity 11 and is electrically connected with one end of the coaxial cable, meanwhile, the radiation unit 4 passes through the reflecting plate 2 and is electrically connected with the other end of the coaxial cable, or the other end of the coaxial cable passes through/bypasses the reflecting plate 2 and is electrically connected with the radiation unit 4, so that electromagnetic wave transmission between the second phase shifter circuit 13 and the radiation unit 4 by using the coaxial cable is realized, and compared with a common cable, the insertion loss can be effectively reduced, and the antenna gain is improved.

In some embodiments, when n=2, the joint assembly 5 is electrically connected to the first phase shifter circuit 12 by the main feed coaxial cable. Optionally, the main feed coaxial cable is preferably a low insertion loss coaxial cable, preferably, the main feed coaxial cable is a 250 coaxial cable or a 1/2 foot corrugated pipe coaxial cable, and compared with a common cable, the insertion loss can be effectively reduced, and the antenna gain can be improved. Alternatively, the main feed coaxial cable may be disposed outside the metal cavity 11; optionally, the main feeding coaxial cable may be disposed between the metal cavity 11 and the transmitting plate, optionally, a corresponding assembly bracket is disposed on the reflecting plate 2, and the metal cavity 11 is assembled on the assembly bracket, so that a gap is formed between the metal cavity 11 and the transmitting plate, and the main feeding coaxial cable may be disposed in the settable gap.

In some embodiments, when N is greater than or equal to 3, the main feeder line 3 is a main feeder strip line, optionally, the main feeder strip line is made of a metal strip line or a PCB circuit board, one end of the main feeder strip line is electrically connected with the connector assembly 5, the other end of the main feeder strip line is electrically connected with the first phase shifter circuit 12, optionally, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are made of metal strip lines or PCB circuit boards, and the second phase shifter circuit 13 is electrically connected with the radiation unit 4, optionally, the radiation unit 4 is assembled on the PCB circuit board and is electrically connected with the PCB circuit board, and the second phase shifter circuit 13 is also electrically connected with the PCB circuit board, so that insertion loss of the antenna introduced by a cable, use of parts such as the cable and the like are reduced, and production cost is reduced. Furthermore, the metal strip line or the PCB circuit board may be used to replace the coaxial cable of the phase shifter made of the coaxial cable, that is, the metal strip line or the PCB circuit board is electrically connected between the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, so that no cable is required to be used between the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, between the second phase shifter circuit 13 and the radiating unit 4, and between the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the joint assembly 5, so that the metal strip line or the PCB circuit board replaces the cable, no cable is required to be used for the antenna, the insertion loss of the antenna caused by the cable is eliminated, and the gain of the antenna is further improved.

Referring to fig. 1, 5, 6 and 7, in some embodiments, a patch coaxial cable 6 is further included, the patch coaxial cable 6 being connected between the main feed stripline and the connector assembly 5. Optionally, when N is greater than or equal to 3, a switching coaxial cable 6 is connected between the main feed strip line and the joint assembly 5, optionally, the switching coaxial cable 6 is preferably a low-insertion-loss coaxial cable, optionally, the switching coaxial cable 6 is a 250-coaxial cable or a 1/2-foot corrugated pipe coaxial cable, so as to reduce insertion loss introduced by a cable, improve antenna gain, and utilize the switching coaxial cable 6 to switch the main feed strip line and the joint assembly 5, so that assembly difficulty can be effectively reduced, assembly process is optimized, and assembly efficiency is improved.

In some embodiments, when N is equal to or greater than 3, the N-2 metal cavities 11 used for setting the main feed strip line can be one large metal cavity 11 or a plurality of independent metal cavities 11, and the main feed strip line can be set in one or more of the metal cavities; optionally, a clamping groove is arranged in the metal cavity 11 for arranging the main feed strip line, wherein the number of the clamping grooves can be one or more; further, a metal plate is clamped in the clamping groove, so that the metal plate can separate the metal cavity 11, the size of the metal cavity 11 separated by the metal plate is matched with the size of the main feed strip line, resonance of the main feed strip line due to overlarge metal cavity 11 is avoided, and further coupling between the resonance and the main feed strip line arranged in the metal cavity 11 is avoided. Preferably, when the main feed strip line is assembled in the metal cavity 11, and then the metal plate is clamped in the clamping groove, so as to limit the size of the metal cavity 11 where the main feed strip line is located, and achieve the purpose of avoiding resonance of the main feed strip line due to the oversized metal cavity 11.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, and fig. 7, in some embodiments, when the antenna is a dual-polarized electrically-tunable base station antenna, two groups of phase shifters 1 are disposed on the reflecting plate 2, and the two groups of phase shifters 1 may be disposed on the reflecting plate 2 side by side along a horizontal direction, and optionally, each group has N metal cavities 11, where N is greater than or equal to 2, and N is a natural number; optionally, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are respectively disposed in the two metal cavities 11, optionally, the phase shifter coaxial cable connection line 14 is electrically connected between the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, so that the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are integrated into one phase shifter 1 capable of being applied to a multi-frequency base station antenna, and the radiating element 4 only needs to be connected with one of the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, the connector assembly 5 is electrically connected with the other through the feeder line, optionally, the connector assembly 5 is electrically connected with the first phase shifter circuit 12 through the main feeder line 3, and the second phase shifter circuit 13 is electrically connected with the radiating element 4.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, in some embodiments, the base station antenna includes a phase shifter 1, a reflector plate 2, a main feeder line 3, a radiating element 4 and a connector assembly 5, optionally, the phase shifter 1 includes N metal cavities 11, a first phase shifter circuit 12, a second phase shifter circuit 13 and a phase shifter coaxial cable connection line 14, where N is a natural number, N is equal to or greater than 2; optionally, the main feeder 3 is a main feeder strip line or a main feeder coaxial cable; optionally, the radiation unit 4 is disposed on one side of the reflective plate 2, the metal cavity 11 is disposed on the other side of the reflective plate 2, referring to fig. 1, or the metal cavity 11 and the radiation unit 4 are disposed on the same side of the reflective plate 2, referring to fig. 8 and 9; alternatively, referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, when n=2, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are respectively disposed in the two metal cavities 11, so that the metal cavities 11 have enough space to place strip lines, thereby integrating all complementary phase lines in the phase shifter circuits to form a highly integrated phase shifter 1. Optionally, the phase shifter coaxial cable connection line 14 is electrically connected between the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, so that the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are integrated into one phase shifter 1 capable of being applied to a multi-frequency base station antenna, optionally, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are made of metal strip lines or PCB circuit boards, wherein the second phase shifter circuit 13 is electrically connected with the radiation unit 4, optionally, a coaxial cable line or PCB circuit board is electrically connected between the second phase shifter circuit 13 and the radiation unit 4; optionally, the joint assembly 5 is electrically connected to the first phase shifter circuit 12 through the main feed coaxial cable, preferably, the main feed coaxial cable is a 250 coaxial cable or a 1/2 foot corrugated pipe coaxial cable, which can effectively reduce the insertion loss of the antenna introduced by a common cable, thereby improving the gain of the antenna; optionally, the metal cavities 11 are arranged in a vertically stacked manner, so that only one metal cavity 11 is required to be arranged on the same layer of the reflecting plate 2, optimization of the whole circuit structure and the metal cavity 11 structure of the phase shifter 1 applied to the multi-frequency base station antenna is achieved, manufacturing difficulty is reduced, production cost is reduced, and production efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 1, 5, 6 and 7, when N is equal to or greater than 3, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 are respectively disposed in two metal cavities 11, and the main feeder 3 is disposed in another N-2 metal cavities 11, so that the metal cavities 11 have enough space to place strip lines, thereby integrating all complementary phase lines in the phase shifter circuits to form a highly integrated phase shifter 1. Optionally, N metal cavities 11 may be stacked one by one along a direction away from the reflecting plate 2, where the second phase shifter circuit 13 is disposed on a side of the first phase shifter circuit 12 close to the reflecting plate 2, the main feeder 3 is disposed on a side of the first phase shifter circuit 12 away from the reflecting plate 2, optionally, the phase shifter coaxial cable connection line 14 is electrically connected between the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13, so that the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 can be integrated into one phase shifter 1 capable of being applied to a multi-frequency base station antenna, optionally, the main feeder 3 is made of a metal strip or a PCB circuit board, the main feeder is made of a metal strip or a PCB circuit board, one end of the main feeder is electrically connected with the connector assembly 5, the other end of the main feeder is electrically connected with the first phase shifter circuit 12, the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the second phase shifter circuit 13 can be electrically connected with the PCB circuit 13, and the second phase shifter circuit 13 can be electrically connected with the PCB circuit 4, and the radiation loss unit is reduced, and the radiation loss unit is made of the PCB circuit 4, and the radiation loss unit is made of the PCB circuit 13. Optionally, the metal cavities 11 for setting the first phase shifter circuit 12 and the metal cavities 11 for setting the second phase shifter circuit 13 are stacked up and down, so that only one metal cavity 11 is required to be set on the same layer of the reflecting plate 2, and optimization of the overall circuit structure and the metal cavity 11 structure of the phase shifter 1 corresponding to the multi-frequency base station antenna is achieved, manufacturing difficulty is reduced, production cost is reduced, and production efficiency is improved.

The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the invention is not limited to the technical means disclosed by the embodiment, and also comprises the technical scheme formed by any combination of the technical features. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A base station antenna, characterized by comprising a phase shifter (1), a reflecting plate (2), a main feeder line (3), a radiating element (4) and a joint assembly (5);

the phase shifter (1) comprises N metal cavities (11), a first phase shifter circuit (12), a second phase shifter circuit (13) and a phase shifter coaxial cable connecting wire (14), wherein N is more than or equal to 2, and N is a natural number; the main feeder line (3) is a main feeder strip line or a main feeder coaxial cable line;

when n=2, the 2 metal cavities (11) are stacked up and down, the first phase shifter circuit (12) and the second phase shifter circuit (13) are respectively arranged in the two metal cavities (11), the phase shifter coaxial cable connecting wire (14) is electrically connected between the first phase shifter circuit (12) and the second phase shifter circuit (13), and insulating medium blocks capable of freely sliding in a reciprocating manner are arranged in the first phase shifter circuit (12) and the second phase shifter circuit (13) and are used for driving the phase of electromagnetic waves to change; the joint assembly (5) is electrically connected with the first phase shifter circuit (12) through the main feed coaxial cable;

when N is more than or equal to 3, 2 metal cavities (11) are arranged in a vertically stacked mode and are respectively used for arranging the first phase shifter circuit (12) and the second phase shifter circuit (13), a coaxial cable connecting wire (14) of the phase shifter is electrically connected between the first phase shifter circuit (12) and the second phase shifter circuit (13), and insulating medium blocks capable of sliding in a reciprocating mode are arranged in the first phase shifter circuit (12) and the second phase shifter circuit (13) and are used for driving the phase of electromagnetic waves to change; the main feed strip line is arranged in the other metal cavity (11), one end of the main feed strip line is connected with the joint component (5), and the other end of the main feed strip line is electrically connected with the first phase shifter circuit (12);

wherein the radiation unit (4) and the metal cavity (11) are arranged on the reflecting plate (2), and the second phase shifter circuit (13) is electrically connected with the radiation unit (4).

2. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein: the metal cavity (11) is integrally formed by integrally pultrusion of a light aluminum alloy conductor.

3. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein: the first phase shifter circuit (12) and the second phase shifter circuit (13) are both made of metal strip lines or a PCB circuit board.

4. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein: and a coaxial cable or a PCB circuit board is electrically connected between the second phase shifter circuit (13) and the radiating unit (4).

5. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein: the main feed coaxial cable is a 250 coaxial cable or a 1/2 foot corrugated pipe coaxial cable.

6. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein: the main feed strip line is made of a metal strip line or a PCB circuit board.

7. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein: the cable also comprises a transfer coaxial cable (6), wherein the transfer coaxial cable (6) is connected between the main feed strip line and the joint assembly (5).

8. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein: a clamping groove is arranged in the metal cavity (11) for arranging the main feed strip line.

9. The base station antenna of claim 8, wherein: the clamping groove is internally provided with a copper-clad PCB or an insulating metal plate so as to divide the metal cavity (11) into a plurality of metal cavities.

10. The base station antenna of claim 1, wherein: the number of the radiation units (4) is more than or equal to 3.