CN117806006A - Human eye-simulated test cone lens - Google Patents
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- CN117806006A CN117806006A CN202311821096.3A CN202311821096A CN117806006A CN 117806006 A CN117806006 A CN 117806006A CN 202311821096 A CN202311821096 A CN 202311821096A CN 117806006 A CN117806006 A CN 117806006A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a human eye simulated test cone optical lens, which comprises: a front diaphragm, wherein the clear aperture of the diaphragm is not more than 4mm; the imaging lens group is close to the object plane, has a positive focal length, can collect incident light rays with a view field of not less than 120 degrees, and forms an approximately telecentric intermediate image at the rear; a relay lens group, close to the image plane, having a magnification of less than 1, for imaging the intermediate image at the image plane; focal length GF of the imaging lens group 1 Less than 16.2mm, focal length GF of imaging lens group 1 And focal length GF of relay lens group 2 The following relationship is satisfied: 0.2<GF 1 /GF 2 <0.3; imaging ring diameter D 1 The diameter of the diaphragm is D 2 The method comprises the following steps: 8<D 1 /D 2 <10. The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens can realize a test effect similar to direct observation of human eyes, is suitable for testing near-eye display equipment, and can meet the imaging effects of large image plane, high resolution and no vignetting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a human eye simulated test cone optical lens, and belongs to the field of test lenses.
Background
With the continuous expansion of the field angle of an augmented Reality (Augmented Reality, abbreviated as AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) display system, the imaging definition is continuously improved, and the AR and VR imaging detection devices are also rapidly developed. The cone-shaped optical lens is an imaging objective lens with a front diaphragm, and the diaphragm is positioned in front of all lenses and can be directly in butt joint with AR/VR equipment to realize the imaging process of simulating human eyes.
The existing cone lens has the problems of smaller imaging target surface, lower resolution and serious vignetting of an edge view field, and cannot meet the requirement of the current VR/AR equipment detection industry on high-resolution imaging of a large target surface. In addition, the clear aperture of the existing cone-shaped optical lens is smaller, the human eye clear process cannot be truly simulated, and the detection requirements of the AR/VR equipment which are continuously improved are not met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a human eye simulated test cone optical lens.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a human eye simulated test axicon lens comprising:
a front diaphragm, wherein the clear aperture of the diaphragm is not more than 4mm;
the imaging lens group is close to the object plane, has a positive focal length, can collect incident light rays with a view field of not less than 120 degrees, and forms an approximately telecentric intermediate image at the rear; and
a relay lens group, close to the image plane, having a magnification of less than 1, for imaging the intermediate image at the image plane;
focal length GF of the imaging lens group 1 Less than 16.2mm, focal length GF of imaging lens group 1 And focal length GF of relay lens group 2 The following relationship is satisfied: 0.2<GF 1 /GF 2 <0.3；
Imaging ring diameter D 1 The diameter of the diaphragm is D 2 The method comprises the following steps: 8<D 1 /D 2 <10。
Preferably, the imaging lens group comprises a first positive-negative cemented lens and two positive lenses, wherein the first positive-negative cemented lens is closest to the diaphragm, the negative lens is closest to the object plane, the positive lens is made of flint glass, the positive lens is closest to the image plane, the negative lens is made of crown glass, the object side surface of the negative lens is concave, the surface curvature radius is between-20 mm and-10 mm, and the image side surface of the positive lens is convex, and the curvature radius is between 10mm and 20 mm.
Wherein the relay lens group preferably comprises a first lens group, a second lens group and a third lens group, wherein the focal length of the first lens group is positive to compress the light beam clear aperture, the second lens group and the third lens group are used for correcting aberration, and the focal length of the second lens group is F 2 The focal length of the third lens group is F 3 A distance d between the image side surface of the second lens group and the object side surface of the third lens group 23 Meets 20mm<d 23 <F 3 -F 2 。
Wherein preferably, the first lens group comprises a second positive-negative cemented lens, a positive lens and a third positive-negative cemented lens, wherein the third positive-negative cemented lens is cemented by two lenses made of flint glass with refractive indexes and abbe numbers close to each other;
the second lens group comprises a fourth positive-negative cemented lens and a positive lens, wherein the fourth positive-negative cemented lens is formed by cemented lenses made of flint glass with two refractive indexes and abbe numbers close to each other;
the surface shapes of the two adjacent surfaces of the third positive-negative cemented lens and the fourth positive-negative cemented lens are approximately symmetrical, and are respectively concave towards the symmetrical center.
Wherein it is preferable that the third lens group includes a fifth positive-negative cemented lens, a positive lens, a sixth positive-negative cemented lens, and a negative lens arranged from the object surface side to the image surface side.
Preferably, the lens closest to the image surface in the conic lens is a negative lens, both the object side surface and the image side surface of the negative lens are convex towards the image surface, and the surface types of the object side surface and the image side surface are aspheric.
Wherein preferably, the back focal plane of the imaging lens group and the front focal plane of the relay lens group are curved planes and coincide.
Wherein preferably, the maximum diameter of the cone lens is determined by the height of the intermediate image, and the height of the intermediate image is not more than 28mm.
Wherein the imaging ring diameter of the lens is preferably D 1 And satisfies: 35.6<D 1 <36; the diameter of the imaging ring corresponding to the 95-degree view field is D 1 ', and satisfy D 1 ’<24mm。
Preferably, a refractive prism is arranged between the front imaging system and the rear group relay system at the position of an intermediate image to realize light path refractive, and the intermediate image intersects with but does not coincide with the reflecting surface of the refractive prism.
The human eye simulated test cone optical lens provided by the invention comprises the front diaphragm, the imaging lens group and the relay lens group, has an entrance pupil diameter not exceeding 4mm, is consistent with human eyes, and can meet full-frame 6000w pixel high-resolution imaging. The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens can be applied to optical display device modules or complete machines such as virtual reality near-eye display equipment, augmented reality near-eye display equipment and ocular lens, which need to evaluate visual imaging quality, can meet the test of the near-eye display equipment with the single-eye diagonal angle of view within 120 degrees, and can meet the imaging effects of large image plane, high resolution and no vignetting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a human eye simulated test cone optical lens provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of the human eye simulated test cone lens shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a field curvature diagram of the human eye simulated test axicon lens of FIG. 1 under visible light;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the distortion of the human eye simulated test axicon lens of FIG. 1 under visible light;
FIG. 5 is a graph of MTF-frequency versus infinity in visible light for the human eye simulated test axicon lens of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a graph of MTF versus frequency for a 1 meter object distance for the human eye simulated test axicon lens of FIG. 1 under visible light;
FIG. 7 is a defocus MTF curve of the human eye simulated test axicon lens of FIG. 1 under visible light;
FIG. 8 is a graph of MTF-field of view of the human eye simulated test axicon lens of FIG. 1 for a 65 line pair and 130 line pair in visible light;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another human eye simulated test cone lens according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the right angle prism of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the optical path of the human eye simulated test cone lens of FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a diagram of an optical path of a test lens with an aperture stop at an entrance stop for simulating an imaging state of a human eye under pupil constriction conditions;
FIG. 13 is a graph of MTF-frequency versus infinity for the simulated human eye test cone lens of FIG. 1 with the addition of a 2mm aperture stop operating at a 2mm entrance pupil diameter and visible light;
fig. 14 is a graph of MTF versus frequency for infinity for the simulated human eye test cone lens of fig. 1 with the addition of a 1mm aperture stop operating at a 1mm entrance pupil diameter and visible light.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that "a lens has a positive refractive index (or negative refractive index)" means that the paraxial refractive index of the lens calculated by gaussian optical theory is positive (or negative). The "object side surface or image side surface of a lens" is defined as the specific range of imaging light rays passing through the lens surface. The surface roughness determination of the lens can be performed in accordance with a conventional manner in the art, that is, by determining the surface roughness of the lens by the sign of the radius of curvature (abbreviated as R value). The R value may be commonly used in optical design software, such as Zemax or CodeV. The R value is also commonly found in the lens data sheet (lens data sheet) of optical design software. When the R value is positive, the object side surface is judged to be convex; when the R value is negative, the object side surface is judged to be a concave surface. On the contrary, when the R value is positive, the image side surface is judged to be concave; when the R value is negative, the image side surface is determined to be convex.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens can be applied to optical display device modules or complete machines such as virtual reality near-eye display equipment, augmented reality near-eye display equipment and ocular lens, which need to evaluate visual imaging quality, can meet the test of the near-eye display equipment with a single-eye diagonal field angle within 120 degrees, has an entrance pupil diameter of 4mm, is consistent with human eyes, and can meet full-frame 6000w pixel high-resolution imaging.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the human eye-simulated test cone optical lens (hereinafter referred to as cone optical lens) provided by the present invention includes: the front diaphragm 21, the imaging lens group 100 and the relay lens group 200 are arranged at the front end of the system, incident parallel light enters the cone lens through the diaphragm, and the imaging surface is arranged in the area near the focal point of the image side of the system. The clear aperture of the front diaphragm is equal to 4mm, and the clear aperture of the front diaphragm 21 can be formed by the method of enteringAn aperture diaphragm with a clear aperture of 2mm or 1mm is additionally arranged at the position of the shooting diaphragm for the test lens to be miniaturized; the imaging lens group 100 is close to the object plane, has positive focal length, plays a role in converging, can converge incident rays with a view field of not less than 120 degrees, and forms an approximately telecentric intermediate image at the rear; the relay lens group 200, which is close to the image plane, has a magnification of less than 1, is used to image the intermediate image at the image plane, and further corrects aberrations, optimizing the imaging quality. The cone lens adopts a structure of combining a lens group of an eyepiece-like lens and a relay lens group, and reduces the external size of the system while realizing good imaging quality. Wherein, the focal length GF of the imaging lens assembly 100 1 Less than 16.2mm, focal length GF of imaging lens group 100 1 And focal length GF of relay lens group 200 2 The following relationship is satisfied: 0.2<GF 1 /GF 2 <0.3; the diameter of the imaging ring of the lens is D 1 The diameter of the diaphragm is D 2 The method comprises the following steps: 8<D 1 /D 2 <10。
Specifically, the imaging lens group 100 is a lens structure including a first positive-negative cemented lens (composed of a negative lens 1 and a positive lens 2) and two positive lenses, wherein the first positive-negative cemented lens is closest to the diaphragm, the negative lens 1 is close to the object plane, and is made of flint glass, and the positive lens 2 is close to the image plane, and is made of crown glass; the outermost surfaces of the negative lens 1 and the positive lens 2 (i.e., the object side surface of the negative lens 1 and the image side surface of the positive lens 2) are concave toward the object plane, and the radius of curvature of the outermost surfaces of the negative lens 1 and the positive lens 2 determines the incident angle of the converging light rays of the axicon lens. In order to meet the test requirement that the incident angle is not less than 120 DEG, the object surface curvature radius R of the negative lens 1 1 The absolute value of curvature radius is larger than the distance between the diaphragm 21 and the negative lens 1 between-20 mm and-10 mm, the large-field incident light is deflected towards the optical axis direction, the image side surface of the positive lens 2 is a convex surface and the curvature radius R 2 The thickness of the positive-negative cemented lens is between 12mm and 19mm and is between 10mm and 20 mm.
The relay lens group 200 includes a first lens group 201, a second lens group 202 and a third lens group 203, wherein the focal length of the first lens group 200 is positive to compress the beam-passing aperture, a second lens groupA lens group 202 and a third lens group 203 for correcting aberrations; the focal length of the second lens group is F 2 The focal length of the third lens group is F 3 A distance d between the image side surface of the second lens group and the object side surface of the third lens group 23 Meets 20mm<d 23 <F 3 -F 2 。
The first lens group 201 includes a second positive-negative cemented lens, a positive lens, and a third positive-negative cemented lens, wherein the second positive-negative cemented lens near the object plane side includes a positive lens 6 and a negative lens 7 for achromatism; the positive lens 8 is used for realizing the effect of beam contraction, and the radius of curvature of the object side surface of the positive lens 8 is 30mm<R 8 <40mm; the third positive-negative cemented lens closest to the image plane side is formed by cementing lenses 9 and 10, the lenses 9 and 10 are made of two flint glasses with refractive indexes and abbe numbers relatively close (abbe numbers are close to 30), the cemented lens effectively corrects systematic chromatic aberration, and the problem that centering is difficult due to the use of concentric lenses is avoided by splitting the concentric lenses into a double cemented form; the second lens group 201 is for compressing the beam diameter for realizing a magnification of less than 1 for the relay lens group. Focal length F of the first lens group 1 Satisfy 55mm<F 1 <75mm。
The second lens group 202 includes a fourth positive-negative cemented lens and a positive lens 13, wherein the fourth positive-negative cemented lens near the object plane side is cemented by lenses 11 and 12, the lenses 11 and 12 are made of two flint glasses having refractive indices and abbe numbers relatively close (abbe numbers are close to 30), the cemented lenses effectively correct chromatic aberration of the system, and by splitting the concentric lenses into a double cemented form, the problem of difficult centering caused by the use of the concentric lenses is avoided.
The two adjacent surfaces of the first lens group and the second lens group are approximately symmetrical in surface shape, specifically, the image side surface of the lens 10 and the object side surface of the lens 11 in fig. 1 are concave surfaces, and are respectively concave towards the symmetry center, and the difference of the absolute values of the curvature radius is smaller than 7mm, so that the astigmatism, the coma and other vertical axis aberrations can be eliminated. The symmetry center of the symmetry structure is located between the image-side surface of the negative lens 10 and the object-side surface of the negative lens 11. The third positive-negative doublet consisting of the positive lens 9 and the negative lens 10 and the fourth positive-negative doublet consisting of the negative lens 11 and the positive lens 12 are each composed of flint glass with respect to the center of symmetry. The symmetry center is positioned in the middle of the whole cone lens, and nine lenses are respectively arranged in front of and behind the symmetry center.
The third lens group 203 includes a fifth positive-negative cemented lens (composed of a negative lens 14 and a positive lens 15), a positive lens 16, a sixth positive-negative cemented lens (composed of a negative lens 17 and a positive lens 18), and a negative lens 19 arranged from the object surface side to the image surface side; the function of the two positive-negative cemented lenses is to correct chromatic aberration, said negative lens 19 being used to diverge the light beam to the image plane 20 while further correcting the aberration. The lens closest to the image surface in the cone optical lens is a negative lens 19, both the object side surface and the image side surface of the negative lens 19 are convex towards the image surface, and the surface types of the object side surface and the image side surface are aspheric, which is helpful for field curvature correction.
In the above-mentioned conic lens, the back focal plane of the imaging lens group 100 and the front focal plane of the relay lens group 200 are both curved surfaces and overlap, and the conic lens forms an intermediate image surface at the back focal plane position of the imaging lens group 100, on which the optical system images a curvature, thus forming a curved surface that bulges toward the object plane. The interval between the imaging lens group 100 and the relay lens group 200 is d 12 The sum of the back focal length of the imaging lens group 100 and the front focal length of the relay lens group 200 is 0.9d 12 ～1.1d 12 Between them.
The maximum diameter of the cone lens is determined by the height of the intermediate image, the image height of the intermediate image is not more than 28mm, and therefore the diameter of the intermediate image distribution range is not more than 56mm. The distance between the optical axes of the two parallel cone light lenses is not more than 56mm and is smaller than the pupil distance of a normal human eye, so that the requirement of simultaneous binocular detection is met by the parallel arrangement of the two groups of cone light lenses when the binocular near-eye display equipment is tested. Based on the 120 degree field of view and the intermediate image height being less than 28mm, the focal length GF of the imaging lens assembly 100 can be calculated 1 Should be less than 16.2mm.
In the conic lens, the diameters of the lens 4 of the imaging lens group 100 facing the image plane, the second positive-negative cemented lens (composed of the positive lens 6 and the negative lens 7) and the positive lens 8 of the first lens group 201 all meet the imaging requirement of the intermediate image, and the diameters of the plurality of lenses are close to the diameter of the distribution range of the intermediate image, and the diameters of the plurality of lenses are between 50mm and 56mm. The pupil distance with the diameter of 60mm to 65mm relative to the human eyes has a margin of not less than 4mm, and can still realize that two groups of lenses are placed side by side under the condition of considering the thickness of the lens barrel shell, thereby realizing the function of simultaneous detection of the binocular imaging system.
The diameter of the imaging ring of the cone-shaped optical lens is D 1 And satisfies: 35.6mm<D 1 <36mm, corresponding to a full-frame CMOS 36mm long side length. The lens imaging ring covers the long side of the full-frame CMOS, so that most of view field is imaged on the CMOS, and certain cutting loss is avoided. The diameter of an imaging ring corresponding to the 95-degree view field of the cone optical lens is D 1 ', and satisfy D 1 ’<24mm corresponds to the short side length of 24mm of full-frame CMOS. The 95-degree view field is a typical view field of a pancake structure optical system, and the cone optical lens can be combined with a full-frame CMOS to detect the 95-degree full view field without view field cutting loss.
The entering diameter D of the cone optical lens meets the following conditions: d is less than or equal to 4mm. The entrance pupil diameter of 4mm is similar to the physiological structure of human eyes, and the imaging effect of the human eyes with different pupil diameters under different environmental light intensities can be better simulated by additionally arranging aperture diaphragms (such as 1mm,2mm and 4 mm) with different clear apertures in front of the lens and combining the aperture diaphragms into different entrance pupil diameters. The conic lens can ensure the imaging effect of the aperture diaphragm with different clear apertures not exceeding 4mm.
The total optical length OAL of the cone lens meets the following conditions: OAL (optical axis of refraction)>318mm and OAL/D L1 <25, wherein D L1 Is the outer diameter of the first lens. The conical optical lens has a longer total system length, and is beneficial to correcting axial aberration.
The vignetting coefficient of the cone optical lens meets the following conditions: VY <0.01, wherein VY is vignetting coefficient of the meridian direction of the lens. The vignetting coefficient of the optical system is almost zero, which indicates that the optical system adopts a vignetting-free design, so that the full field illumination of the system is maximized.
The cone optical lens optimizes the object distance from 1000mm to infinity, and the requirements of the cone optical lens on object image matching detection of AR/VR systems with different virtual image distances can be met by adjusting the distance between the CMOS and the cone optical lens, namely, adjusting the rear intercept of the cone optical lens and the adjusting stroke between 2mm and 3mm, and the requirements correspond to imaging with the object distance from 1000mm to infinity.
The invention provides two embodiments of cone optical lenses, wherein the embodiment 1 is in a coaxial structure, the embodiment 2 is in a turning structure, and the turning structure can effectively reduce the length of the system and is convenient for AR/VR complete machine detection. Both example 1 and example 2 have an entrance pupil diameter of 4mm, and can meet full-frame 6000w pixel high-resolution imaging consistent with human eyes.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 provides a human eye-simulated test cone optical lens in a coaxial structure, which comprises a front diaphragm 21, an imaging lens group 100, a plane lens 5 and a relay lens group 200.
Specifically, the conic optical lens shown in fig. 1 includes nineteen lenses arranged in order along the optical axis from the object side to the image side, wherein the first lens 1 and the second lens 2 are cemented with each other, the sixth lens 6 and the seventh lens 7 are cemented with each other, the ninth lens 9 and the tenth lens 10 are cemented with each other, the eleventh lens 11 and the twelfth lens 12 are cemented with each other, the fourteenth lens 14 and the fifteenth lens 15 are cemented with each other, and the seventeenth lens 17 and the eighteenth lens 18 are cemented with each other.
The first lens 1 to the nineteenth lens 19 each include an object-side surface facing the object side and an image-side surface facing the image side.
In the imaging lens group 100 with the front-mounted lens structure, the first lens 1 and the second lens 2 form a first positive-negative double-cemented lens to play an achromatic role, the first lens 1 is made of flint glass, the object side surface is concave, the image side surface is convex, the second lens 2 is crown glass, the object side surface is concave, and the image side surface is convex; the third lens 3 has a positive focal length and plays a role of convergence, the object side surface of the third lens is a concave surface, and the image side surface of the third lens is a convex surface; the fourth lens element 4 has a positive focal length, and has a convex object-side surface and a convex image-side surface of the fourth lens element 4.
A fifth lens 5 is disposed between the imaging lens group 100 and the relay lens group 200, the fifth lens 5 is a flat prism, and an object-side surface of the fifth lens 5 is a plane, and an image-side surface is a plane. The fifth lens 5 is placed to simplify the optimization design process of embodiment 2. In the cone optical lens used alone, the fifth lens 5 may be omitted or placed, and the optical total length OAL of the cone optical lens can be reduced to some extent by adding the fifth lens 5. In addition, a fifth lens 5 is added in the conical lens, the fifth lens 5 is a large-thickness flat lens, and a folding prism is additionally arranged for the subsequent process, so that the lens is folded, and a space is reserved. The turning prism is an isosceles right-angle prism, the clear aperture of the turning prism is the same as the thickness of the equivalent fifth lens 5, the size requirement of binocular side-by-side placement is required to be met, and the thickness of the fifth lens 5 is between 56mm and 58 mm.
In the rear relay lens group 200, the first lens group 201 includes the following lenses: the sixth lens 6 and the seventh lens 7 form a second positive-negative cemented lens for achromatizing, the sixth lens 6 is made of crown glass, the object side surface is convex, the image side surface is convex, the seventh lens 7 is made of flint glass, the object side surface is concave, and the image side surface is convex; the eighth lens 8 has a positive focal length, performs a converging function, and has a convex object-side surface and a planar image-side surface of the eighth lens 8; the ninth lens 9 and the tenth lens 10 form a third positive-negative cemented lens, which plays an achromatic role, and the ninth lens 9 is made of flint glass, the object side surface is convex, the image side surface is convex, the tenth lens 10 is made of flint glass, the object side surface is concave, and the image side surface is concave.
The second lens group 202 includes the following lenses: the eleventh lens 11 and the twelfth lens 12 form a fourth positive-negative cemented lens for achromatizing, the eleventh lens 11 is made of flint glass, the object side surface is concave, the image side surface is concave, the twelfth lens 12 is made of flint glass, the object side surface is convex, and the image side surface is convex; the thirteenth lens element 13 has a positive focal length, and has a convex object-side surface and a convex image-side surface of the thirteenth lens element 13.
The third lens group 203 includes the following lenses: the fourteenth lens 14 and the fifteenth lens 15 form a fifth positive-negative cemented lens for achromatizing, the fourteenth lens 14 is made of flint glass, the object side surface is a concave surface, the image side surface is a concave surface, the fifteenth lens 15 is made of crown glass, the object side surface is a convex surface, and the image side surface is a convex surface; the sixteenth lens 16 has a positive focal length, and performs a focusing function, and the object-side surface of the sixteenth lens 16 is a convex surface, and the image-side surface is a convex surface; the seventeenth lens 17 and the eighteenth lens 18 form a sixth positive-negative cemented lens for achromatizing, wherein the seventeenth lens 17 is made of flint glass, the object side surface is a convex surface, the image side surface is a concave surface, the eighteenth lens 18 is made of crown glass, the object side surface is a convex surface, and the image side surface is a concave surface; the nineteenth lens 19 has a negative focal length, plays a divergent role, and the object-side surface of the nineteenth lens 19 is concave and the image-side surface is convex.
A cover glass 20 is disposed in front of the image surface of the conic optical lens, the cover glass 20 is a plate lens, the object surface is a plane, and the image surface is a plane.
In this conic lens, abbe numbers of the plurality of lenses satisfy the following conditions: v1<20, V2>65, V6>50, V7<20, V14<30, V15>65, V17<30, V18>65, wherein V1, V2, V6, V7, V14, V15, V17, V18 are Abbe numbers of the first lens 1, the second lens 2, the sixth lens 6, the seventh lens 7, the fourteenth lens 14, the fifteenth lens 15, the seventeenth lens 17 and the eighteenth lens 18, respectively. The second lens 2, the sixth lens 6, the fifteenth lens 15 and the eighteenth lens 18 have higher abbe numbers, which is beneficial to eliminating chromatic aberration.
The nineteenth lens 19 is an aspherical lens, and the use of an aspherical lens is advantageous for correction of system curvature of field. The object side surface and the image side surface are both even aspherical surfaces, and the surface expression mode is as follows:
wherein Sag is the surface height and c is the surface curvatureRadius, k is the conic coefficient, r is the radial coordinate, E 1 Is a fourth order aspheric coefficient E 2 Is a six-order aspheric coefficient E 3 Is an eighth order aspheric coefficient, E 4 Is a tenth order aspheric coefficient E 5 Is a twelve-order aspheric coefficient.
After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the cone lens adopts 19 lens combinations to correct the system aberration to a lower level, improves the resolution capability of the lens and can support a 6000 ten thousand pixel full-frame CMOS camera; the lens adopts a vignetting-free design, so that consistency of image brightness is ensured; the diameter of the lens entrance pupil is 4mm, which is consistent with the working condition of human eyes; through adjusting the rear intercept of the objective lens, the imaging quality from 1000mm to infinite object distance can be ensured, and the imaging quality can be matched with the virtual image distance of common AR/VR equipment. The lens adopts a structure of combining an ocular lens and a relay system, thereby realizing good imaging quality. The outer diameter of the lens is controlled to be smaller than the interpupillary distance of human eyes, so that the lenses can be placed side by side to realize binocular simultaneous detection.
Tables 1 and 2 show an exemplary set of optical parameters provided in example 1 of the present invention. Sequentially defining each optical surface from a diaphragm to an image surface as a surface 1, a surface 2 and a … … surface 36, wherein the surface 1 is the diaphragm; the surface 2 is the object side surface of the first lens 1; the surface 3 is the image-side surface of the first lens 1 and is the object-side surface of the second lens 2; the surface 4 is the image side surface of the second lens 2; by analogy, surface 32 is the object side surface of nineteenth lens 19, surface 33 is the image side surface of nineteenth lens 19, and surface 36 is the image plane.
Table 1 example 1 shows the parameters of the optical surfaces of the human eye-simulated test axicon lenses
Table 2 aspheric parameters of object side surface 32 and image side surface 33 of nineteenth lens
In this embodiment, the system focal ratio F/d=3.8, the total optical length oal= 318.4mm, the image height h=17.8 mm, and the focal length f=15.2 mm.
Referring to fig. 3, it can be seen that the field curves of the whole field of view with different wavelengths are distributed within ±10um in the axial direction, and the axial chromatic aberration correction of the lens is relatively good.
Referring to fig. 4, it can be seen from the graph of the distortion graph of the conic optical lens under the visible light that the distortion of the conic optical lens is 30% at the maximum view field, and the larger distortion is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the illumination of the full view field.
The MTF curve of the axicon lens under visible light is shown in fig. 5 and 6. As can be seen from fig. 5, the MTF value of the lens was about 0.45 at a spatial frequency of 65lp/mm and about 0.1 at a spatial frequency of 130lp/mm when imaging infinity. As can be seen from fig. 6, the MTF value of the lens is about 0.4 at a spatial frequency of 65lp/mm and about 0.1 at a spatial frequency of 130lp/mm when imaging an object distance of 1 meter. The lens can keep better resolution under different object distances, and can meet the current application requirements.
Referring to fig. 7, the out-of-focus MTF curve of the axicon lens under visible light can be seen from the graph, the peak MTF of each view field of the system is concentrated within the range of paraxial focal point + -0.02 mm, and is more concentrated.
Referring to fig. 8, it can be seen from the MTF view field diagram of the axicon lens under visible light that the coincidence degree of the meridian curve and the sagittal curve is good near the central view field, the overall MTF is about 0.5 in the 65-line pair, and about 0.3 in the 135-line pair.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 9 to 11, embodiment 2 provides a human eye simulated test cone optical lens with a folded optical path, which comprises a front diaphragm 21, an imaging lens group 100, a folding prism 5A, and a relay lens group 200. Compared with the embodiment 1, the light-passing device realizes the light path deflection by replacing the plane lens 5 with the deflection prism 5A, thereby changing the conical lens from a coaxial structure to a deflection structure, reducing the lens length and meeting the whole detection requirement of the binocular imaging equipment.
In this embodiment, the front stop 21, the imaging lens group 100, and the relay lens group 200 are identical to those used in the first embodiment, and only the setting of the folding prism 5A will be described with emphasis.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, in the axicon lens, a refractive prism 5A is provided between the front imaging lens group 100 and the relay lens group 200 at an intermediate image position where the intermediate image intersects with but does not overlap with a reflection surface 502 of the refractive prism 5A to achieve optical path refractive. The turning prism 5A is preferably a right angle prism as shown in fig. 10.
Tables 3 and 4 show an exemplary set of optical parameters provided in example 2 of the present invention. In the manner of surface definition in embodiment 1, the same surfaces as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same numerals, and three surfaces of the turning prism 5A are defined as 501, 502, and 503 at the same time, the surface 501 is the object side surface of the turning prism 5A, the surface 502 is the reflection surface, and the surface 503 is the image side surface of the turning prism 5B.
Table 3 example 2 shows the parameters of the optical surfaces of the human eye-like test axicon lens
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Table 4 aspherical parameters of object side surface 32 and image side surface 33 of nineteenth lens
| Surface numbering | Coefficient of taper | Coefficient of order 4 | Coefficient of order 6 | Coefficient of 8 th order | Coefficient of order 10 | 12 th order coefficient |
| 32 | -9.19E-01 | 1.29E-04 | -1.04E-06 | 2.53E-09 | 3.44E-12 | -3.56E-14 |
| 33 | 0.00E+00 | 1.40E-04 | -8.31E-07 | 1.19E-09 | 7.14E-12 | -3.00E-14 |
The cone lens has a system focal ratio F/d=3.8, an image height h=17.8 mm, and a focal length f=15.2 mm.
The cone lens has a total system length OAL from the aperture to the turning prism 5A (distance from the aperture surface 1 to the reflecting surface 502 at a position away from the aperture side end point) 1 The device is 125mm, and can be placed in binocular imaging complete equipment for detection. By moving the position of the turning prism 5A, the total system length of the test lens from the diaphragm to the turning prism 5A can be controlled within a range of not more than 125 mm.
The lens imaging indexes such as field curvature, distortion, MTF, field angle, etc. of the cone-beam lens provided in this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, and are not described here again.
The human eyes can adjust the pupil opening size according to the change of the external environment light intensity under the actual scene so as to adjust the incident light intensity of the human eyes. In order to simulate the imaging state of human eyes under the condition of pupil constriction, as shown in fig. 12, an aperture stop with 2mm and 1mm of light passing diameter can be additionally arranged at the incidence stop for the test lens.
As shown in fig. 13, after the aperture stop with the diameter of 2mm is added, the MTF curve of the conic optical lens is limited by diffraction effect, and is reduced to a certain extent compared with the MTF curve with the diameter of the entrance pupil with the diameter of 4mm, which indicates that the imaging quality of the conic optical lens reaches the diffraction limited condition and is not lower than that of human eyes, so that the imaging of the human eyes under the diameter of the entrance pupil with the diameter of 2mm can be simulated.
As shown in fig. 14, after the 1mm aperture diaphragm is added, the MTF curve of the conic optical lens is limited by diffraction effect, and is somewhat reduced compared with the MTF curve of the conic optical lens at the 4mm entrance pupil diameter, which indicates that the imaging quality of the conic optical lens reaches the diffraction limited condition and is not lower than that of human eyes, and the imaging of the human eyes at the 1mm entrance pupil diameter can be simulated.
In summary, the human eye-simulated test taper lens provided by the invention can be applied to optical display device modules or complete machines such as virtual reality near-eye display equipment, augmented reality near-eye display equipment, ocular and the like which need to evaluate visual imaging quality. The conical light lens comprises 19 lenses, can support a 60MP full-frame CMOS camera, and realizes high-resolution imaging; the whole view field is free from vignetting, and the consistency of the brightness of the image is good; the aperture diameter is 4mm, which is consistent with human eyes. And moreover, the imaging quality from 1000mm to infinite object distance can be ensured by adjusting the rear intercept of the objective lens, and the imaging quality can be matched with the virtual image distance of common AR/VR equipment.
The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens provided by the invention is described in detail above. Any obvious modifications to the present invention, without departing from the spirit thereof, would constitute an infringement of the patent rights of the invention and would take on corresponding legal liabilities.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an imitative human eye test cone optical lens which characterized in that includes:
a front diaphragm, wherein the clear aperture of the diaphragm is not more than 4mm;
the imaging lens group is close to the object plane, has a positive focal length, can collect incident light rays with a view field of not less than 120 degrees, and forms an approximately telecentric intermediate image at the rear; and
a relay lens group, close to the image plane, having a magnification of less than 1, for imaging the intermediate image at the image plane;
focal length GF of the imaging lens group 1 Less than 16.2mm, focal length GF of imaging lens group 1 And focal length GF of relay lens group 2 The following relationship is satisfied: 0.2<GF 1 /GF 2 <0.3；
Imaging ring diameter D 1 The diameter of the diaphragm is D 2 The method comprises the following steps: 8<D 1 /D 2 <10。
2. The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens of claim 1, wherein:
the imaging lens group comprises a first positive-negative cemented lens and two positive lenses, wherein the first positive-negative cemented lens is closest to the diaphragm, the negative lens is close to the object plane, the imaging lens is made of flint glass, the positive lens is close to the image plane, the imaging lens is made of crown glass, the object side surface of the negative lens is concave, the surface curvature radius is between-20 mm and-10 mm, and the image side surface of the positive lens is convex, and the curvature radius is between 10mm and 20 mm.
3. The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens of claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the relay lens group comprises a first lens group, a second lens group and a third lens group, wherein the focal length of the first lens group is positive to compress the light beam clear aperture, the second lens group and the third lens group are used for correcting aberration, and the focal length of the second lens group is F 2 The focal length of the third lens group is F 3 A distance d between the image side surface of the second lens group and the object side surface of the third lens group 23 Meets 20mm<d 23 <F 3 -F 2 。
4. The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens of claim 3, wherein:
the first lens group comprises a second positive-negative cemented lens, a positive lens and a third positive-negative cemented lens, wherein the third positive-negative cemented lens is formed by cemented lenses made of flint glass with two refractive indexes and an Abbe number close to each other;
the second lens group comprises a fourth positive-negative cemented lens and a positive lens, wherein the fourth positive-negative cemented lens is formed by cemented lenses made of flint glass with two refractive indexes and abbe numbers close to each other;
the surface shapes of the two adjacent surfaces of the third positive-negative cemented lens and the fourth positive-negative cemented lens are approximately symmetrical, and are respectively concave towards the symmetrical center.
5. The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens of claim 3, wherein:
the third lens group includes a fifth positive-negative cemented lens, a positive lens, a sixth positive-negative cemented lens, and a negative lens arranged from the object surface side to the image surface side.
6. The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens of claim 1 or 5, wherein:
the lens closest to the image surface in the cone optical lens is a negative lens, both the object side surface and the image side surface of the negative lens are convex towards the image surface, and the surface types of the object side surface and the image side surface are aspheric.
7. The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens of claim 1, wherein:
the back focal plane of the imaging lens group and the front focal plane of the relay lens group are curved planes and coincide.
8. The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens of claim 1, wherein:
the maximum diameter of the cone lens is determined by the height of the intermediate image, which is not more than 28mm.
9. The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens of claim 1, wherein:
the diameter of the imaging ring of the lens is D 1 And satisfies: 35.6<D 1 <36; the diameter of the imaging ring corresponding to the 95-degree view field is D 1 ', and satisfy D 1 ’<24mm。
10. The human eye-simulated test cone optical lens of claim 1, wherein:
and a folding prism is arranged between the front imaging system and the rear group relay system at the position of the intermediate image to realize light path folding, and the intermediate image is intersected with the reflecting surface of the folding prism but is not overlapped with the reflecting surface of the folding prism.
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| CN202311821096.3A CN117806006A (en) | 2023-12-27 | 2023-12-27 | Human eye-simulated test cone lens |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311821096.3A CN117806006A (en) | 2023-12-27 | 2023-12-27 | Human eye-simulated test cone lens |
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| CN117806006A true CN117806006A (en) | 2024-04-02 |
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| CN202311821096.3A Pending CN117806006A (en) | 2023-12-27 | 2023-12-27 | Human eye-simulated test cone lens |
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