CN117803681A - Multi-stage variable damping vibration isolator - Google Patents
Multi-stage variable damping vibration isolator Download PDFInfo
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- CN117803681A CN117803681A CN202311565402.1A CN202311565402A CN117803681A CN 117803681 A CN117803681 A CN 117803681A CN 202311565402 A CN202311565402 A CN 202311565402A CN 117803681 A CN117803681 A CN 117803681A
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- cylinder body
- copper plate
- permanent magnet
- metal rubber
- cylinder
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920001967 Metal rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage variable damping vibration isolator which comprises a load connecting platform, a connecting piece I, a shell, a copper plate, viscous liquid and a cylinder body-permanent magnet structure, wherein the connecting piece I is arranged on the load connecting platform; the load connecting platform is fixedly connected with the copper plate through a connecting piece I, the connecting piece I moves linearly along a vertical sliding rail formed in the shell, and the copper plate is positioned in the middle of the shell in an initial state; the cylinder body-permanent magnet structure is positioned in the shell, the cylinder body-permanent magnet structure is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the copper plate, viscous liquid is filled in the cylinder body-permanent magnet structure, the copper plate moves to drive the viscous liquid to flow, and the permanent magnet is pushed to move. The invention can achieve the aim of vibration reduction and has the advantages of simple structure, no energy consumption, good damping performance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical vibration isolation, in particular to a multi-stage variable damping vibration isolator.
Background
Vibration phenomenon is one of the common problems in the field of practical engineering, and is a research hot spot in the fields of national defense such as aerospace, ships, nuclear industry and the like. If harmful vibrations cannot be effectively isolated, the workability of the payload is greatly reduced. For example, in the aerospace field, for a laser beam emitted by a laser communication satellite having a diameter of 100 millimeters, a jitter of 1 milliradian at a distance of 500 kilometers will result in a 100-fold decrease in the intensity of the beam received by the receiver.
The vibration isolation technology can be divided into two aspects according to the transmission path of harmful vibration, firstly, vibration transmission between a vibration source and a load mounting platform is isolated, and the method has large workload and is not easy to complete; the second is to isolate the vibration transfer of the load mounting platform from the payload, which is easy to implement and is the most direct and efficient way to isolate the vibrations.
The vibration isolation method mainly comprises two main categories of passive vibration isolation and active vibration isolation. Passive vibration isolation does not require external energy, and its stiffness and damping coefficient are determined by passive materials, and currently widely used damping materials are metal rubber, vibration isolation springs and viscous liquids. The passive vibration isolation can obtain good vibration isolation effect under most conditions, energy consumption is not needed, and the passive vibration isolation device is simple in structure and high in reliability. The active vibration isolation is to detect the parameters of the vibration isolation object such as the movement speed, the acceleration, the displacement and the like through a sensor on the basis of providing energy from the outside, and adjust the driving control force by utilizing an active control algorithm to achieve the vibration isolation effect. The active vibration isolation generally has better vibration isolation effect than the passive vibration isolation, but the active vibration isolation has the defects of complex structure, low reliability, high energy consumption, poor stability and the like, and has certain difficulty in practical application. Therefore, the passive vibration isolation is a proper method aiming at the vibration isolation problem of the effective load.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a multi-stage variable damping vibration isolator which can achieve the purpose of damping and has the advantages of simple structure, no energy consumption, good damping performance and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multistage and variable damping vibration isolator comprises a load connecting platform, a connecting piece I, a shell, a copper plate, viscous liquid and a cylinder body-permanent magnet structure;
the load connecting platform is fixedly connected with the copper plate through a connecting piece I, the connecting piece I moves linearly along a vertical sliding rail formed in the shell, and the copper plate is positioned in the middle of the shell in an initial state;
the cylinder body-permanent magnet structure is positioned in the shell, the cylinder body-permanent magnet structure is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the copper plate, viscous liquid is filled in the cylinder body-permanent magnet structure, the copper plate moves to drive the viscous liquid to flow, and the permanent magnet is pushed to move.
Further, the cylinder body-permanent magnet structure comprises a cylinder body, a permanent magnet, a connecting piece II and a baffle plate;
the cylinder body is positioned in the shell, viscous liquid is filled in the cylinder body, and the inner cavity of the cylinder body is communicated with the bottom of the outer cavity; the upper surface and the lower surface of the copper plate are respectively contacted with viscous liquid in the inner cavity of the cylinder body through the push rod; the permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the copper plate, the initial distance between the two permanent magnets and the copper plate is the same, the permanent magnets are fixedly connected with the baffle through the connecting piece II, and the baffle is positioned in the middle of the outer cavity of the cylinder body in the initial state.
Further, the rubber further comprises metal rubber I and metal rubber II;
the metal rubber I is filled between the baffle and the outer cavity of the cylinder body, the inner diameter of the metal rubber I is the same as the outer diameter of the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and the outer diameter of the metal rubber I is the same as the inner diameter of the outer cavity of the cylinder body; the metal rubber II is filled between the push rod and the inner cavity of the cylinder body, the outer diameter of the metal rubber II is the same as the inner diameter of the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and the inner diameter of the metal rubber II is the same as the diameter of the push rod.
Further, when harmful vibration is transmitted to the vibration isolator, the load connecting platform drives the copper plate to move, the copper plate moves in the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets to generate eddy currents in the copper plate, the magnetic field excited by the eddy currents is opposite to the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets, so that damping force required by vibration isolation can be generated at the stage, and a part of vibration energy is consumed;
taking the example that the copper plate moves downwards from the initial position, the copper plate pushes the lower push rod, the head of the lower push rod moves downwards to squeeze viscous liquid, the viscous liquid flows into the outer cavity of the cylinder body from the bottom through the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and at the stage, a part of vibration energy is consumed due to the viscous effect of the viscous liquid;
the baffle plate is pushed to move upwards by the increase of viscous liquid in the outer cavity of the cylinder body, the metal rubber I is extruded firstly by the upward movement of the baffle plate, and a part of vibration energy is consumed by the deformation and friction of the metal rubber I, so that multistage vibration isolation is realized; meanwhile, the baffle moves upwards to drive the connecting piece II to move upwards, so that the lower permanent magnet is driven to move upwards, the damping force is increased, and variable damping vibration isolation is realized.
Further, the vertical sliding rail comprises a linear guide rail and a guide rail sliding block;
the guide rail slider is installed on linear guide rail, and linear guide rail is fixed in on the casing, connecting piece I and guide rail slider fixed connection.
Further, the load connecting platform, the connecting piece I, the shell, the linear guide rail, the guide rail sliding block, the cylinder body, the baffle, the metal rubber I, the metal rubber II, the push rod and the connecting piece II are all made of non-magnetic metal materials.
Further, the cylinder body comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, limiting steps are arranged at the upper ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and holes in the bottom of the inner cylinder are communicated with the outer cylinder.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. according to the novel multi-stage variable damping vibration isolator designed by utilizing the liquid viscous effect and the eddy current effect, vibration energy is consumed in two stages of the liquid viscous effect and the eddy current effect after harmful vibration is transmitted into the vibration isolator, the vibration transmission from a load mounting platform to a payload is reduced by a passive vibration isolation method, the damping performance is good, damping forces with different magnitudes are provided for harmful vibration with different degrees, and the variable damping performance of the vibration isolator is realized. And vibration isolation does not need external energy, and the structure is compact and simple.
The vibration isolator provided by the invention can be arranged between the effective load and the load mounting platform, and the rigid connection between the effective load and the load mounting platform is replaced by the damped flexible connection, so that the purpose of vibration reduction is achieved, and the vibration isolator has the advantages of simple structure, no energy consumption, good damping performance and the like.
2. The invention further consumes vibration energy by utilizing the metal rubber, and optimizes vibration damping performance.
3. The cylinder body structure is designed into an inner cylinder body and an outer cylinder body, and the bottom of the inner cylinder body is provided with holes so as to facilitate the circulation of viscous liquid between the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body.
4. The invention can adapt to different application scenes only by adaptively modifying the sizes of the parts, and has strong universality and wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the hidden housing, linear guide and guide slide;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure within the black dashed box of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 3.
Wherein, 1-load connects the terrace; 2-connecting piece I; 3-a housing; 4-linear guide rails; 5-a guide rail slide block; 6-copper plate; 7-cylinder-permanent magnet structure; 8-pushing rod; 9-permanent magnets; 10-connecting piece II; 11-a cylinder; 12-metal rubber II; 13-metal rubber I; 14-a baffle; 15-an inner cylinder; 16-an outer cylinder.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a multistage and variable damping vibration isolator, which is shown in figures 1-4 and comprises a load connecting platform 1, a connecting piece I2, a shell 3, a linear guide rail 4, a guide rail sliding block 5, a copper plate 6, a cylinder 11, a baffle 14, metal rubber I13, metal rubber II 12, a push rod 8, viscous liquid, a connecting piece II 10 and a permanent magnet 9. The load connecting platform 1 is fixedly connected with the copper plate 6 through a connecting piece I2, the connecting piece I2 is fixedly connected with a guide rail sliding block 5, the guide rail sliding block 5 is arranged on a linear guide rail 4, and the linear guide rail 4 is fixed on the shell 3; copper 6, cylinder body 11, baffle 14, metal rubber I13, metal rubber II 12, push rod 8, connecting piece II 10 and permanent magnet 9 are installed inside casing 3, and cylinder body 11 and casing 3 fixed connection. The cylinder body 11, the permanent magnet 9, the connecting piece II 10 and the baffle 14 form a cylinder body-permanent magnet structure 7, and the two cylinder body-permanent magnet structures 7 are vertically symmetrical.
In order to make the vibration isolator provide axial damping only, holes are formed in the side face of the shell 3, linear guide rails 4 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the holes, guide rail sliding blocks 5 are arranged on the linear guide rails 4, and the initial positions of the guide rail sliding blocks 5 are located in the center position of the linear guide rails 4. The linear guide rail 4 only releases the freedom of the shell 3 and the connecting piece I2 along the axial movement of the shell 3, and limits the freedom of other directions. In this example, the linear guide 4 has a length of 90mm, and the housing 3 has an outer diameter of 50mm, an inner diameter of 45mm, and a height of 250mm.
The cylinder body 11 comprises an inner cylinder body 15 and an outer cylinder body 16, a limiting step is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body 11, and a hole is formed in the bottom of the inner cylinder body 15 and is used for being communicated with the outer cylinder body 16 so that viscous liquid can circulate between the inner cylinder body 15 and the outer cylinder body 16.
The initial position of the copper plate 6 is positioned at the center of the shell 3, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the copper plate 6 are respectively contacted with the two push rods 8 but are not fixedly connected. The copper plate 6 of this example has a radius of 75mm and a height of 10mm.
The head of the push rod 8 is deeply embedded into the inner cylinder 15, the initial position of the head of the push rod 8 is positioned at the center position of the inner cylinder 15, and the outer diameter of the head of the push rod 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 15. The length of the push rod 8 of this example is 77mm, the diameter of the rod body is 3mm, and the outer diameter of the head is 10mm.
The metal rubber II 12 is filled between the push rod 8 and the inner cylinder body 15, the outer diameter of the metal rubber II 12 is the same as the inner diameter of the inner cylinder body 15, and the inner diameter of the metal rubber II 12 is the same as the diameter of the push rod 8. The metal rubber II 12 in this example has an outer diameter of 10mm, an inner diameter of 3mm and a height of 22mm.
The baffle 14 initial position is located the outer cylinder body 16 middle part, and baffle 14 internal diameter is the same with the internal cylinder body 15 external diameter, and baffle 14 external diameter is the same with outer cylinder body internal diameter 16. The baffle 14 in this example has an outer diameter of 38.5mm, an inner diameter of 13mm and a height of 3mm.
The metal rubber I13 is filled between the baffle 14 and the outer cylinder 16, the inner diameter of the metal rubber I13 is the same as the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 15, and the outer diameter of the metal rubber I13 is the same as the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 16. The metal rubber I13 in this example has an outer diameter of 38.5mm, an inner diameter of 13mm and a height of 22mm.
The baffle 14 is fixedly connected with the permanent magnets 9 through the connecting piece II 10, the two permanent magnets 9 are positioned on two sides of the copper plate 6, and the initial distances between the two permanent magnets 9 and the copper plate 6 are the same. In the example, the length of the connecting piece II 10 is 45mm; the permanent magnet 9 is made of NdFeB permanent magnet, the radius is 45mm, and the height is 10mm; the distance between the permanent magnet 9 and the copper plate 6 is 19mm.
The upper permanent magnet 9 and the lower permanent magnet 9 are magnetized in the axial direction, and when the permanent magnets 9 are installed, the magnetic poles of the two permanent magnets 9 close to the copper plate 6 are guaranteed to have the same magnetism, so that a strong magnetic field is generated in the radial direction of the copper plate 6.
The load connecting platform 1, the connecting piece I2, the shell 3, the linear guide rail 4, the guide rail sliding block 5, the cylinder body 11, the baffle 14, the metal rubber I13, the metal rubber II 12, the push rod 8 and the connecting piece II 10 are all made of metal materials, preferably aluminum or titanium. This example selects aluminum.
Viscous liquid is injected into the cylinder 11, and the viscous liquid is positioned between the head of the push rod 8, the baffle 14 and the bottom of the cylinder 11. The viscous liquid of this example employs a high viscosity silicone oil.
The load connection platform 1 is fixedly connected with the effective load, the lower part of the shell 3 is connected with the platform, when harmful vibration is transmitted to the vibration isolator at the initial moment, the movement of the guide rail sliding block 5 can drive the movement of the copper plate 6, the movement of the copper plate 6 in the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets 9 can lead to the generation of eddy currents in the copper plate 6, the magnetic field excited by the eddy currents is opposite to the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 9, so that damping force required by vibration isolation can be generated at the stage, and a part of vibration energy is consumed. Assuming that the copper plate 6 moves downward from the initial position, the copper plate 6 pushes the lower push rod 8, the head of the push rod 8 moves downward to squeeze the viscous liquid, and the viscous liquid flows into the outer cylinder 16 through the bottom opening of the inner cylinder 15, and at this stage, a part of vibration energy is consumed due to the viscous effect of the viscous liquid. The baffle 14 can be pushed to move upwards by the increase of viscous liquid of the outer cylinder body 16, the metal rubber I13 can be extruded by the upward movement of the baffle 14, and vibration energy can be consumed by deformation and friction of the metal rubber I13, so that the multistage vibration isolation effect is realized. Meanwhile, the baffle 14 moves upwards to drive the connecting piece II 10 to move upwards, the connecting piece II 10 moves upwards to drive the lower permanent magnet 9 to move upwards, at the moment, the distance between the lower permanent magnet and the upper permanent magnet and the copper plate 6 can be closer, so that the magnetic induction lines between the two permanent magnets 9 are distributed more densely, the denser magnetic induction lines can be known by Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the larger the generated damping force can be, the larger the displacement of the copper plate 6 is caused by vibration, and the larger the damping force generated by the eddy current effect can be, thereby realizing the variable damping vibration isolation effect.
According to the practical application scene of the multistage and variable damping vibration isolator, the height of the shell 3, the length of the shell opening, the length of the linear guide rail 4, the height of the cylinder 11, the length of the push rod 8, the length of the connecting piece I2, the length of the connecting piece II 10 and the limiting steps on the cylinder 11 are designed to avoid motion interference of all parts.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-stage variable damping vibration isolator is characterized by comprising a load connecting platform, a connecting piece I, a shell, a copper plate, viscous liquid and a cylinder body-permanent magnet structure;
the load connecting platform is fixedly connected with the copper plate through a connecting piece I, the connecting piece I moves linearly along a vertical sliding rail formed in the shell, and the copper plate is positioned in the middle of the shell in an initial state;
the cylinder body-permanent magnet structure is positioned in the shell, the cylinder body-permanent magnet structure is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the copper plate, viscous liquid is filled in the cylinder body-permanent magnet structure, the copper plate moves to drive the viscous liquid to flow, and the permanent magnet is pushed to move.
2. The multi-stage, variable damping vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder-permanent magnet structure comprises a cylinder, a permanent magnet, a connector ii, and a baffle;
the cylinder body is positioned in the shell, viscous liquid is filled in the cylinder body, and the inner cavity of the cylinder body is communicated with the bottom of the outer cavity; the upper surface and the lower surface of the copper plate are respectively contacted with viscous liquid in the inner cavity of the cylinder body through the push rod; the permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the copper plate, the initial distance between the two permanent magnets and the copper plate is the same, the permanent magnets are fixedly connected with the baffle through the connecting piece II, and the baffle is positioned in the middle of the outer cavity of the cylinder body in the initial state.
3. The multi-stage, variable damping vibration isolator of claim 2, further comprising a metal rubber i, a metal rubber ii;
the metal rubber I is filled between the baffle and the outer cavity of the cylinder body, the inner diameter of the metal rubber I is the same as the outer diameter of the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and the outer diameter of the metal rubber I is the same as the inner diameter of the outer cavity of the cylinder body; the metal rubber II is filled between the push rod and the inner cavity of the cylinder body, the outer diameter of the metal rubber II is the same as the inner diameter of the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and the inner diameter of the metal rubber II is the same as the diameter of the push rod.
4. The multi-stage, variable damping vibration isolator of claim 3, wherein when unwanted vibrations are transmitted to the isolator, the load connection platform drives the copper plate to move, the copper plate moves in the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets to cause eddy currents in the copper plate, the magnetic field excited by the eddy currents is opposite to the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets, so that damping force required for vibration isolation is generated at the stage, and a part of vibration energy is consumed;
taking the example that the copper plate moves downwards from the initial position, the copper plate pushes the lower push rod, the head of the lower push rod moves downwards to squeeze viscous liquid, the viscous liquid flows into the outer cavity of the cylinder body from the bottom through the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and at the stage, a part of vibration energy is consumed due to the viscous effect of the viscous liquid;
the baffle plate is pushed to move upwards by the increase of viscous liquid in the outer cavity of the cylinder body, the metal rubber I is extruded firstly by the upward movement of the baffle plate, and a part of vibration energy is consumed by the deformation and friction of the metal rubber I, so that multistage vibration isolation is realized; meanwhile, the baffle moves upwards to drive the connecting piece II to move upwards, so that the lower permanent magnet is driven to move upwards, the damping force is increased, and variable damping vibration isolation is realized.
5. The multi-stage, variable damping vibration isolator of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the vertical slide rail comprises a linear guide rail, a guide rail slider;
the guide rail slider is installed on linear guide rail, and linear guide rail is fixed in on the casing, connecting piece I and guide rail slider fixed connection.
6. The multi-stage, variable damping vibration isolator of claim 5, wherein the load connecting platform, the connecting member i, the housing, the linear guide rail, the guide rail slider, the cylinder, the baffle, the metal rubber i, the metal rubber ii, the push rod, and the connecting member ii are all made of a non-magnetically conductive metal material.
7. The multi-stage, variable damping vibration isolator of claim 6, wherein the cylinder body comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, wherein the upper ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are provided with limit steps, and the bottom opening of the inner cylinder is communicated with the outer cylinder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311565402.1A CN117803681A (en) | 2023-11-22 | 2023-11-22 | Multi-stage variable damping vibration isolator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311565402.1A CN117803681A (en) | 2023-11-22 | 2023-11-22 | Multi-stage variable damping vibration isolator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117803681A true CN117803681A (en) | 2024-04-02 |
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ID=90432678
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311565402.1A Pending CN117803681A (en) | 2023-11-22 | 2023-11-22 | Multi-stage variable damping vibration isolator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117803681A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-11-22 CN CN202311565402.1A patent/CN117803681A/en active Pending
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