CN117801557A - Preparation method of low-density plant fiber foaming material, product and application thereof - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-density plant fiber foaming material, product and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117801557A CN117801557A CN202311850002.5A CN202311850002A CN117801557A CN 117801557 A CN117801557 A CN 117801557A CN 202311850002 A CN202311850002 A CN 202311850002A CN 117801557 A CN117801557 A CN 117801557A
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- plant fiber
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 114
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucasaeureamid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940014259 gelatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl n-propan-2-yloxycarbonyliminocarbamate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N=NC(=O)OC(C)C VVWRJUBEIPHGQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001397809 Hakea leucoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001341 hydroxy propyl starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013828 hydroxypropyl starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-density plant fiber foaming material, a product and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: step one: fully mixing raw materials comprising an aqueous suspension of plant fiber bundles, a biomass adhesive, a compatilizer, a plasticizer and a nucleating agent to obtain foaming slurry; step two: and heating and foaming the foaming slurry to prepare the low-density plant fiber foaming material. The preparation method disclosed by the invention takes the water suspension of the plant fiber bundles as a raw material, adopts natural biomass adhesive, and prepares the fiber bundles with low density (density is less than or equal to100kg/m 3 ) The plant fiber foaming material which can be naturally degraded can be used as a packaging material; the plant fiber foaming material also has excellent apparent performance, and can be especially applied to the field of fine packaging materials with higher requirements on the apparent performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foaming materials, in particular to a preparation method of a low-density plant fiber foaming material, a product and application thereof.
Background
The most widely used buffer materials in the fine packaging of China at present comprise foaming polystyrene (EPS), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), pulp molding and the like, the EPS and the EVA are petroleum-based foam materials, the cost is low, the EPS and the EVA are difficult to biodegrade, the EPS and the EVA are buried in soil for hundreds of years after failure and cannot be decomposed by microorganisms, and the EPS and the EVA are gradually replaced by degradable fine packaging materials along with the release of plastic limiting. The pulp molding material is mainly prepared from plant fibers, can be naturally degraded, and can also enter a paper recycling system for recycling, but the dense structure and the higher rigidity of the pulp molding material can not provide better buffering effect, and the higher density can increase the transportation cost, so that the pulp molding material is greatly limited to be used in fine packaging.
The plant fiber foaming material is prepared by taking natural plant fibers as raw materials, adding an adhesive, a plasticizer, a foaming agent, a nucleating agent and the like, and heating, foaming or freeze drying. Vegetable fiber foam materials are the materials with the closest performance and the prospect of replacing petroleum-based foam materials.
As disclosed in chinese patent document CN 102977625a, a plant fiber foamed packaging board, and a processing technology and a die thereof are provided, and the prepared fiber foamed packaging board is manufactured by four procedures of mixing plant fibers with an auxiliary agent, vacuum suction filtration, microwave foaming and hot air drying; the foaming agent is formed by mixing azodicarbonamide and ammonium bicarbonate, the film forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol, and the adhesive is starch. However, the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) adopted in the formula is a petroleum-based polymer material, so that the natural degradation performance of the product can be greatly influenced, and a large number of holes (figure 1) exist on the surface of the prepared product, so that the aesthetic degree required by fine packaging cannot be achieved.
In another example, chinese patent document with publication number of CN 105713409A provides a fully degradable cellulose foam material prepared from modified plant fiber, hydroxypropyl starch, and polyThe foaming agent is a compound foaming agent consisting of diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (DIAD) and Azodicarbonamide (AC), and the decomposition product NH of the foaming agent 3 Not only can pollute the environment, but also has potential safety hazard.
In another example, in chinese patent document with application publication No. CN102505579a, a preparation method of a plant fiber buffer material is provided, in which plant fiber is used as a starting material, a wet forming process is adopted, and the material is directly prepared through the steps of dewatering and untwining, putting into a mold, dewatering and forming, drying and finishing in sequence, in which the addition of external raw materials such as a cross-linking agent, a binder and the like is avoided, but the product density is only 100-200 kg/m 3 。
Further, as disclosed in chinese patent application publication No. CN 108624073A, a plant fiber foaming material and a method for producing the same are disclosed, which comprises 40-50 parts of plant fiber, 10-20 parts of adhesive, 15-30 parts of surfactant, 10-20 parts of aerogel, 0.5-2 parts of foaming agent, and further, the adhesive is at least one of polyurethane and resin. The density of the foaming material prepared by the technical proposal is 76.3-92.3 kg/m 3 However, the petroleum-based polymer material is used as an adhesive, which still has a great influence on the natural degradation performance of the product.
In summary, the existing plant fiber foaming materials have certain defects, or petroleum-based polymer materials are added, or chemical foaming agents which adversely affect the environment or safety are used, or the surface appearance is poor, or the density is relatively high, so that improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a preparation method of a plant fiber foaming material, which takes an aqueous suspension of plant fiber bundles as a raw material, adopts a natural biomass adhesive, and prepares the material with low density (density is less than or equal to 100 kg/m) through a physical foaming mode 3 ) And the plant fiber foaming material which can be naturally degraded can be used as a bagThe material is used; the plant fiber foaming material also has excellent apparent performance, and can be especially applied to the field of fine packaging materials with higher requirements on the apparent performance.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a preparation method of a low-density plant fiber foaming material comprises the following steps:
step one: fully mixing raw materials comprising an aqueous suspension of plant fiber bundles, a biomass adhesive, a compatilizer, a plasticizer and a nucleating agent to obtain foaming slurry;
the concentration of the aqueous suspension of the plant fiber bundles is 6-40 wt%;
the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant fiber bundles to the biomass adhesive in the water suspension of the plant fiber bundles is 3-19: 1, a step of;
step two: and heating and foaming the foaming slurry to prepare the low-density plant fiber foaming material.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a plant fiber foaming material, which takes an aqueous suspension of plant fiber bundles as a raw material, adopts a natural biomass adhesive, and prepares the plant fiber foaming material with low density and natural degradation in a physical foaming mode; and the density and apparent performance of the prepared plant fiber foaming material are regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the concentration of the aqueous suspension of the plant fiber bundles and the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant fiber bundles to the biomass adhesive in the aqueous suspension of the plant fiber bundles.
Experiments show that when the concentration of the aqueous suspension of the plant fiber bundles is controlled to be 6-40 wt%, the density of the finally prepared plant fiber foaming material is less than or equal to 100kg/m 3 When the concentration is too low (e.g., 5 wt%), the density may be increased, and the apparent properties of the foam may be significantly deteriorated, so that a large number of depressions and holes may be formed on the surface of the product.
Preferably, the concentration of the aqueous suspension of the plant fiber bundles is 25-35 wt%, the appearance performance of the prepared plant fiber foaming material is better, and the surface of the product is smooth and flat and has no macroscopic holes; further preferably, the concentration of the aqueous suspension of plant fiber bundles is 35wt%, and the plant fiber foamed material produced at this time has a lower density and a lower 50% strain compressive strength.
Experiments show that the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant fiber bundles to the biomass adhesive in the aqueous suspension of the plant fiber bundles can also obviously influence the density and apparent performance of the finally prepared plant fiber foaming material; when the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant fiber bundles to the biomass adhesive is 3-19: 1, the density of the prepared plant fiber foaming material is lower than 80kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the mass ratio of the two materials is too large (such as 20:1), the density is greatly increased, the apparent performance of the foaming material is obviously deteriorated, and a large number of pits and holes are formed on the surface of the product.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant fiber bundles to the biomass adhesive is 3-10: 1, the density of the prepared plant fiber foaming material is lower, the 50% strain compressive strength is smaller, and the apparent performance is better.
In the first step:
the plant fiber bundle water suspension is prepared by taking plant fiber pulp plates as raw materials and carrying out fluffing and dehydration;
at this time, the dry weight of the plant fiber bundles is the mass of the plant fiber pulp sheet used.
The plant fiber pulp board is prepared from one or more of softwood pulp fiber, hardwood pulp fiber, bamboo pulp fiber, sugarcane pulp fiber and straw pulp fiber serving as raw materials.
In the first step:
the biomass adhesive is one or more selected from starch, sodium alginate, soybean protein, xanthan gum, carrageenan, guar gum, gelatin and locust bean gum;
preferably, the biomass adhesive is selected from starch or a mixture of starch and one or more of sodium alginate, soybean protein, xanthan gum, carrageenan, guar gum, gelatin and locust bean gum;
further preferably, the biomass sizing agent is selected from the group consisting of mixtures of starch with other types of biomass sizing agents, such as mixtures of starch, xanthan gum with guar gum, such as mixtures of starch with gelatin, and the like.
Experiments show that with the preference of the biomass adhesive types, the density of the finally prepared plant fiber foaming material can be further reduced, and the apparent performance of the plant fiber foaming material can be improved.
The compatilizer is one or more of citric acid, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, sodium borate, behenic acid and erucamide;
preferably, the compatilizer is selected from citric acid or a mixture of citric acid and one or more of stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, sodium borate, behenic acid and erucamide.
It has been found that the use of citric acid alone, or a mixture containing citric acid as a compatibilizer, can further reduce the density of the final plant fiber foamed material.
There is no particular requirement for the kind of plasticizer in the present invention, and the common kinds in the art, such as water, glycerin, sorbitol, ethylene glycol, formamide, urea, etc., can be selected.
The nucleating agent is not particularly required in the invention, and common types in the field, such as nano silicon dioxide, talcum powder, sodium montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, sodium chloride and the like, can be selected.
In the first step, the mass ratio of the biomass adhesive to the compatilizer to the plasticizer to the nucleating agent is 100: 2-20: 30-80: 10 to 40 percent; preferably 100: 5-15: 30-50: 20-40.
In the second step:
the heating foaming adopts one or more of heating equipment conventional in the field, such as a microwave heater, a flat vulcanizing instrument and a hot air dryer;
the temperature of the heating foaming is 100-210 ℃;
preferably, the temperature of the heating foaming is 120-210 ℃; further preferably, the temperature of the heating foaming is 140-210 ℃; the density of the plant fiber foaming material prepared at the foaming temperature is lower; still more preferably, the temperature of the heated foaming is 140 to 160 ℃; the plant fiber foaming material prepared at the foaming temperature has low density and excellent apparent performance.
The invention also discloses a low-density plant fiber foaming material prepared by the method, and the density is less than or equal to 100kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Preferably, the density is 25 to 100kg/m 3 。
The invention also discloses application of the low-density plant fiber foaming material in packaging materials, and particularly can be applied to the field of fine packaging materials with higher requirements on apparent performance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention discloses a preparation method of a plant fiber foaming material, which takes an aqueous suspension of plant fiber bundles as a raw material, adopts a natural biomass adhesive, and prepares the plant fiber foaming material with low density and natural degradation in a physical foaming mode; the natural biomass adhesive is used for replacing petroleum-based polymer adhesives such as PVA and the like to bond plant fibers and form a continuous phase, so that the prepared foaming material can be naturally degraded; the steam is used for physical foaming to replace a chemical foaming agent, so that adverse effects of the chemical foaming agent on the environment and products are reduced; more importantly, the density and apparent performance of the prepared plant fiber foaming material can be regulated and controlled by adopting the raw material types and matching and controlling the concentration of the plant fiber bundle aqueous suspension and the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant fiber bundle to the biomass adhesive in the plant fiber bundle aqueous suspension, so that the low-density plant fiber foaming material is prepared.
The density of the low-density plant fiber foaming material prepared by the invention is less than or equal to 100kg/m 3 Preferably 80kg/m or less 3 More preferably not more than 55kg/m 3 More preferably not more than 35kg/m 3 At least 25kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Meanwhile, the plant fiber foaming material also has excellent apparent performance, and can be applied to the field of packaging materials, in particular to the field of fine packaging materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a plant fiber foaming material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a plant fiber foaming material prepared in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a plant fiber foaming material prepared in example 4;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of the plant fiber foaming material prepared in comparative example 1;
FIG. 5 is a photograph of a plant fiber foaming material prepared in example 7;
FIG. 6 is a photograph of the plant fiber foaming material prepared in comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and drawings for further understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and the present invention is not limited to essential improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art under the core teaching ideas of the present invention, and still falls within the scope of the present invention.
The density and static compression performance of the plant fiber foaming materials prepared in this example or comparative example were tested with reference to GB/T8168-2008 standard.
Example 1
Step 1, adding 6kg of plant fiber pulp board (the mass ratio of needle wood fiber pulp board to bamboo fiber pulp board is 7:3) and 180kg of water into a pulper, defibering fibers for 30min at a rotating speed of 30Hz, discharging, and dehydrating for 10min to obtain an aqueous suspension of 35wt% of plant fiber bundles;
step 2, placing 35wt% of an aqueous suspension of plant fiber bundles, 1kg of a biomass adhesive consisting of starch, xanthan gum and guar gum (the mass ratio of the starch to the xanthan gum to the guar gum is 5:3:2), 0.3kg of glycerin, 0.1kg of a compatilizer consisting of citric acid and calcium stearate (the mass ratio of the citric acid to the calcium stearate is 8:2) and 0.3kg of talcum powder into a kneader, regulating the temperature of the kneader to be 85 ℃ and the rotating speed to be 40Hz, and kneading for 70min to obtain foaming slurry;
step 3, dividing the foaming slurry into small blocks of about 1.3kg through a quantitative system, and conveying the foaming slurry into a die by using a conveyor belt;
and 4, continuously conveying the filled foaming mould to a microwave heater, heating to 140 ℃ for foaming, taking out the mould from an outlet of the microwave heater, demoulding and punching to obtain the low-density plant fiber foaming material.
The density and 50% strain compressive strength of the vegetable fiber foam prepared in this example are shown in table 1 below.
Fig. 1 is a photograph of a plant fiber foamed material prepared in the example, the surface of the product was smooth and flat, and no holes were visible to the naked eye.
Example 2
The preparation process was essentially the same as in example 1, except that:
the dehydration in step 1 was carried out for 2 minutes, thereby obtaining an aqueous suspension of 6wt% of plant fiber bundles.
The density and 50% strain compressive strength of the vegetable fiber foam prepared in this example are shown in table 1 below.
Fig. 2 is a photograph of the plant fiber foaming material prepared in this example, and the surface flatness is good but a large number of holes are visible on the surface.
Example 3
The preparation process was essentially the same as in example 1, except that:
the dehydration in step 1 was carried out for 8min, thereby obtaining an aqueous suspension of 25wt% of plant fiber bundles.
The density and 50% strain compressive strength of the vegetable fiber foam prepared in this example are shown in table 1 below.
The plant fiber foaming material prepared in the embodiment has smooth and flat surface, no holes visible to naked eyes and similar apparent performance as in the embodiment 1.
Example 4
The preparation process was essentially the same as in example 1, except that:
the dehydration in step 1 was carried out for 15min, thereby obtaining an aqueous suspension of 40wt% of plant fiber bundles.
The density and 50% strain compressive strength of the vegetable fiber foam prepared in this example are shown in table 1 below.
Fig. 3 is a photograph of the plant fiber foaming material prepared in this example, which has good surface flatness, but holes visible to the naked eye.
Comparative example 1
The preparation process was essentially the same as in example 1, except that:
the dehydration in step 1 was carried out for 1min, thereby obtaining an aqueous suspension of 5wt% of plant fiber bundles.
The density and 50% strain compressive strength of the vegetable fiber foam prepared in this comparative example are shown in table 1 below.
Fig. 4 is a photograph of the plant fiber foaming material prepared in this comparative example, which has poor apparent flatness and a large number of depressions and macroscopic holes.
Example 5
The preparation process was essentially the same as in example 1, except that:
the mass of the biomass adhesive in the step 2 is replaced by 2kg, and at the moment, the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant fiber pulp plate added in the step 1 to the biomass adhesive is replaced by 3:1.
the density and 50% strain compressive strength of the vegetable fiber foam prepared in this example are shown in table 1 below.
The product prepared in this example was observed to have a smooth, flat surface with no macroscopic holes, similar to example 1.
Example 6
The preparation process was essentially the same as in example 1, except that:
the mass of the biomass adhesive in the step 2 is replaced by 0.6kg, and at the moment, the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant fiber pulp plate added in the step 1 to the biomass adhesive is replaced by 10:1.
the density and 50% strain compressive strength of the vegetable fiber foam prepared in this example are shown in table 1 below.
The product prepared in this example was observed to have a smooth and flat surface with no macroscopic holes similar to example 1.
Example 7
The preparation process was essentially the same as in example 1, except that:
the mass ratio of the biomass adhesive in the step 2 to the dry weight of the plant fiber pulp sheet added in the step 1 is replaced by 0.32kg, and the mass ratio of the biomass adhesive to the dry weight of the plant fiber pulp sheet added in the step 1 is replaced by 19:1.
the density and 50% strain compressive strength of the vegetable fiber foam prepared in this example are shown in table 1 below.
Fig. 5 is a photograph of the plant fiber foaming material prepared in this example, which has a good apparent flatness but a large number of holes visible to the naked eye.
Comparative example 2
The preparation process was essentially the same as in example 1, except that:
the mass of the biomass adhesive in the step 2 is replaced by 0.3kg, and at this time, the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant fiber pulp board added in the step 1 to the biomass adhesive is replaced by 20:1.
the density and 50% strain compressive strength of the vegetable fiber foam prepared in this example are shown in table 1 below.
Fig. 6 is a photograph of the plant fiber foaming material prepared in this comparative example, which has poor apparent flatness and a large number of depressions and macroscopic holes.
Examples 8 to 11
The preparation process was essentially the same as in example 1, except that:
the temperature of the heating foaming in the step 4 is replaced by 120 ℃, 160 ℃, 190 ℃ and 210 ℃ in sequence.
Through observation, when the heating foaming temperature is 120 ℃, the prepared product has better surface evenness, but a small number of holes are visible to naked eyes;
when the heating foaming temperature is 160 ℃, the appearance of the prepared product is similar to that of the example 1;
when the heating foaming temperature is 190-210 ℃, the appearance of the prepared product is similar to that of example 1, but yellowing exists.
Example 12
The preparation process was essentially the same as in example 1, except that in step (2):
the method comprises the steps of adopting independent starch as a biomass adhesive, and replacing a compatilizer with citric acid, sodium borate and magnesium stearate (the mass ratio of the citric acid to the sodium borate to the magnesium stearate is 2:2:1); the dosage of the biomass adhesive and the compatilizer is unchanged.
The density and 50% strain compressive strength of the vegetable fiber foam prepared in this example are shown in table 1 below.
The product prepared in this example was observed to have a good surface finish, but a small number of macroscopic holes.
Example 13
The preparation process was essentially the same as in example 1, except that in step (2):
the biomass adhesive is replaced by starch and gelatin (the mass ratio of the starch to the gelatin is 3:2), and the compatibilizer is replaced by sodium borate and erucamide (the mass ratio of the sodium borate to the erucamide is 7:3).
The density and 50% strain compressive strength of the vegetable fiber foam prepared in this example are shown in table 1 below.
The product prepared in example 13 was observed to have a smooth and even surface with no macroscopic holes similar to example 1.
TABLE 1
The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention is described by using the specific examples, which are only for aiding in understanding the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Several simple deductions, variations, substitutions or combinations may also be made by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains based on the inventive concept. Such deductions, modifications, substitutions or combinations are also within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the low-density plant fiber foaming material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: fully mixing raw materials comprising an aqueous suspension of plant fiber bundles, a biomass adhesive, a compatilizer, a plasticizer and a nucleating agent to obtain foaming slurry;
the concentration of the aqueous suspension of the plant fiber bundles is 6-40 wt%;
the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant fiber bundles to the biomass adhesive in the water suspension of the plant fiber bundles is 3-19: 1, a step of;
step two: and heating and foaming the foaming slurry to prepare the low-density plant fiber foaming material.
2. The method for producing a low-density plant fiber foamed material according to claim 1, wherein in the step one:
the plant fiber bundle water suspension is prepared by taking plant fiber pulp plates as raw materials and carrying out fluffing and dehydration;
the plant fiber pulp board is prepared from one or more of softwood pulp fiber, hardwood pulp fiber, bamboo pulp fiber, sugarcane pulp fiber and straw pulp fiber serving as raw materials.
3. The method for producing a low-density plant fiber foamed material according to claim 1, wherein in the step one:
the biomass adhesive is one or more selected from starch, sodium alginate, soybean protein, xanthan gum, carrageenan, guar gum, gelatin and locust bean gum;
the compatilizer is one or more selected from citric acid, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, sodium borate, behenic acid and erucamide.
4. The method for producing a low-density plant fiber foamed material according to claim 1, wherein in the step one:
the mass ratio of the biomass adhesive to the compatilizer to the plasticizer to the nucleating agent is 100: 2-20: 30-80: 10 to 40 percent;
the plasticizer is selected from one or more of water, glycerol, sorbitol, ethylene glycol, formamide and urea;
the nucleating agent is one or more selected from nano silicon dioxide, talcum powder, sodium montmorillonite, calcium carbonate and sodium chloride.
5. The method for producing a low-density plant fiber foamed material according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the temperature of the heat foaming is 100 to 210 ℃.
6. The method for producing a low-density plant fiber foamed material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that:
the biomass adhesive is selected from starch or a mixture of starch and one or more of sodium alginate, soybean protein, xanthan gum, carrageenan, guar gum, gelatin and locust bean gum;
the compatilizer is selected from citric acid or a mixture of citric acid and one or more of stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, sodium borate, behenic acid and erucamide.
7. The method for producing a low-density plant fiber foamed material according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant fiber bundles to the biomass adhesive in the aqueous suspension of the plant fiber bundles is 3 to 10:1.
8. the method for producing a low-density plant fiber foamed material according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the heat foaming is 120 to 210 ℃.
9. The low-density plant fiber foaming material prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the density of the low-density plant fiber foaming material is less than or equal to 100kg/m 3 。
10. Use of the low-density plant fiber foamed material according to claim 9 in packaging materials.
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