CN117799184A

CN117799184A - Preparation method of machine tool base

Info

Publication number: CN117799184A
Application number: CN202410020596.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 熊帆; 彭敬东; 谢祥园; 熊寅; 彭焕军
Original assignee: Chongqing Changjiang River Moulding Material Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Changjiang River Moulding Material Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-01-04
Filing date: 2024-01-04
Publication date: 2024-04-02

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a machine tool base, which comprises the following steps: weighing the mass of each raw material in each level of aggregate, filler and cementing material according to the mixing proportion; respectively soaking stones at all levels in the aggregate in a coupling agent solution for coupling treatment; adding the raw materials in the cementing material into stirring equipment, and rapidly stirring for 1-3 min to obtain the cementing material; adding the filler into the cementing material, and stirring for 1-3 min at a slow speed to obtain a cementing material mixture; sequentially adding stone materials and dry sand of each level after coupling treatment into a cementing material mixture according to the sequence from small particle size to large particle size to obtain resin concrete, wherein each level of aggregate is added, and stirring is carried out for a preset time; pouring the resin concrete into the base shell, vibrating and compacting, and curing to obtain the machine tool base. By utilizing the preparation method of the machine tool base, the compressive strength of the machine tool base can be improved.

Description

Preparation method of machine tool base

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment, in particular to a preparation method of a machine tool base.

Background

With the development and the demand of the national high and new technical fields of aerospace, astronomical observation, laser nuclear fusion, military industry, modern medical treatment, automobile manufacturing and the like in China, the machine tool equipment is forced to be provided with higher and higher requirements. The machine tool base is one of the machine tool core base members, and is required to have a vibration damping function in addition to supporting the weight of other unit components. Cast iron materials are mainly used for manufacturing the traditional lathe bed, however, the cast iron materials cannot effectively reduce vibration generated in the machining process, machining precision and surface roughness are affected, and the cast iron materials also exist: the problems of complex manufacturing process, high manufacturing cost, poor corrosion resistance, long processing period, incapability of completely eliminating residual thermal stress and the like are seriously deviated from the green development trend.

In order to solve many problems of cast iron materials, machine tool bases have been made of resin concrete in recent years in the field. The resin concrete is used as a part of the machine tool base, has the advantages of low cost, easiness in forming, high damping and the like, and can effectively reduce the vibration of the machine tool in the machining process. However, the strength of the resin concrete is obviously lower than that of cast iron materials, and the problems of cracking, fracture, lower product strength, lower impact resistance and the like often occur in the process of being used as a machine tool base. The above problems directly affect the machining performance of the machine tool, and therefore, the machine tool cannot be applied to the field of precision machine tool bases.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the application provides a preparation method of a machine tool base, wherein the machine tool base comprises: the base shell and the resin concrete are filled in the base shell, and the resin concrete comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 70% -85% of aggregate, 5% -15% of filler and 5% -20% of cementing material, wherein the aggregate comprises dry sand and stone, the dry sand accounts for 10% -20% of the total mass of the aggregate, the stone accounts for 80% -90% of the total mass of the aggregate, the stone at least comprises three grades of stone according to the particle size, and the dry sand comprises: dry sand with particle size of 0.074-0.106 mm: accounting for 72-78% of the total mass of the dry sand; dry sand with particle size of 0.053-0.074 mm: accounting for 20 to 25 percent of the total mass of the dry sand; dry sand with particle size less than 0.053 mm: accounting for 1 to 3 percent of the total mass of the dry sand; the method comprises the following steps: weighing the mass of each raw material in each level of aggregate, filler and cementing material according to the mixing proportion; respectively soaking stones at all levels in the aggregate in a coupling agent solution for coupling treatment; adding the raw materials in the cementing material into stirring equipment, and rapidly stirring for 1-3 min to obtain the cementing material; adding the filler into the cementing material, and stirring for 1-3 min at a slow speed to obtain a cementing material mixture; sequentially adding stone materials and dry sand of each level after coupling treatment into a cementing material mixture according to the sequence from small particle size to large particle size to obtain resin concrete, wherein each level of aggregate is added, and stirring is carried out for a preset time; pouring the resin concrete into the base shell, vibrating and compacting, and curing to obtain the machine tool base.

A method as described above, the coupling treatment comprising: respectively placing stones at each level into the coupling agent solution for soaking for a first period of time; placing the coupled stones at all levels into a baking oven to bake at constant temperature for a second period of time; and (5) placing the roasted stones at each stage in a normal-temperature drying environment to cool for a third period of time.

The method as described above, the coupling agent solution comprising: silane coupling agent, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol.

According to the method, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the deionized water to the absolute ethyl alcohol is as follows: 1:3-5:3-6.

The method as described above, wherein the first period of time is 12min-18min; the second time period is 3h-7h; the third time period is 20min-40min.

The oven has a constant temperature of 55-65 ℃ according to the method.

The method as described above, further comprising: the mass percentage of the fiber is 0.5-3%, and the fiber is respectively added into stone materials and dry sand of each level after coupling treatment and is uniformly stirred to obtain aggregate mixtures and dry sand mixtures of each level; and sequentially adding the aggregate mixture at all levels and the dry sand mixture at all levels into the cementing material mixture according to the order of the particle sizes from small to large to obtain the resin concrete.

A method as described above, the fiber comprising: the surface copper-plated steel fiber has the diameter of 0.2mm-0.5mm and the length-diameter ratio of 60-80.

A method as described above, the stone comprising: stone with the grain diameter of 0.315-1.25mm, which accounts for 12-19% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain diameter of 1.25mm-5m, which accounts for 28-36% of the total mass of the stone; stone with a grain size of 5mm-15mm, which accounts for 46% -54% of the total mass of the stone.

A method as described above, the stone comprising: stone with the grain diameter of 0.315-0.625mm, which accounts for 5-8% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain size of 0.625mm-1.25mm, which accounts for 7% -11% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain diameter of 1.25mm-2.5mm, which accounts for 11% -15% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain diameter of 2.5mm-5m, which accounts for 17-21% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain size of 5mm-10mm, which accounts for 26% -30% of the total mass of the stone; the stone with the grain diameter of 10mm-15mm accounts for 20% -24% of the total mass of the stone.

The method comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: resin: 65% -80%, curing agent: 15-25%; a diluent: 1-10%; defoaming agent: 1-10%.

A method as described above, wherein the resin comprises: bisphenol A type epoxy resin E44 and bisphenol A type epoxy resin E51, wherein the adding mass ratio of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin E44 to the bisphenol A type epoxy resin E51 is as follows: 1:2-5.

The preparation method of the machine tool base is added with the step of coupling treatment of all levels of aggregate. The coupling agent is a chemical substance for improving adhesion between two incompatible substances. The aggregate at each level is soaked in the coupling agent solution, so that the property of the surface of the aggregate can be improved, the aggregate can be combined with resin more easily, and the mechanical property of the resin concrete can be improved.

Drawings

Preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a machine tool base preparation method according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of curing resin concrete according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a machine tool base according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a coupling treatment process according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a table of experimental data records of compressive strength according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a graph of load versus time in detecting compressive strength of a block of resin concrete according to one embodiment of the present application; and

FIG. 7 is a compressive strength line graph according to one embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the application may be practiced. In the drawings, like reference numerals describe substantially similar components throughout the different views. Various specific embodiments of the present application are described in sufficient detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the teachings of the present application. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized or structural, logical, or electrical changes may be made to the embodiments of the present application.

In order to solve the problems of the resin concrete machine tool base, the preparation method improves the raw material proportion and the preparation process of the resin concrete, so that the improved resin concrete base can provide a good damping effect for the machine tool, has stronger compressive strength, and prolongs the service life of the resin concrete base. The improvement on the proportion of the raw materials of the resin concrete comprises the following steps:

The application provides a novel lathe base, include: the base shell and the resin concrete are filled in the base shell, and the resin concrete comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 70% -85% of aggregate, 5% -15% of filler and 5% -20% of cementing material, wherein the aggregate comprises: dry sand and building stones, dry sand accounts for 10% -20% of aggregate total mass, building stones account for 80% -90% of aggregate total mass, building stones include three kinds of level building stones at least according to the particle size, dry sand includes: dry sand with particle size of 0.074-0.106 mm: accounting for 72-78% of the total mass of the dry sand; dry sand with particle size of 0.053-0.074 mm: accounting for 20 to 25 percent of the total mass of the dry sand; dry sand with particle size less than 0.053 mm: accounting for 1 to 3 percent of the total mass of the dry sand.

The machine tool base is a basic member of a machine tool, which is used for supporting other units of the machine tool, and the machine tool can be any one of a lathe, a milling machine, a boring machine, a planing machine, a grinding machine, a drilling machine and a numerical control machine tool which are common in the mechanical field. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the machine base may also be a component in the bed of the machine, such as the housing of the machine, a robotic arm, etc.

Aggregate grading refers to that particles with different particle size ranges are formed according to a certain proportion in an aggregate system. The aggregate grading design is used for meeting the performance requirements of concrete engineering materials. Through reasonable aggregate grading design, the compactness, mechanical property, stability, durability and other properties of the material can be improved. In the machine tool base of resin concrete, compressive strength is a main characteristic of mechanical properties. Aggregate grading is one of the important factors affecting the compressive strength of resin concrete. It is found that when coarse aggregates are more and fine aggregates are less in aggregate grading, the fine aggregates cannot effectively fill gaps generated by stacking of the coarse aggregates, and the compressive strength is small due to the fact that the porosity is too high. When the coarse aggregate is less and the fine aggregate is more, the coarse aggregate is suspended, and a compact framework structure cannot be formed. Only when the gaps generated by stacking coarse aggregates are just filled with fine aggregates, the whole resin concrete can form a compact framework structure, and the lowest aggregate stacking porosity and the highest compressive strength of the resin concrete are obtained.

In view of the above conclusion, through a great deal of experimental study, the dry sand with different particle sizes (namely, fine aggregate) is added into the aggregate, wherein the dry sand accounts for 10% -20% of the total mass of the aggregate, and the dry sand comprises the following components: dry sand with particle size of 0.074-0.106 mm: accounting for 72-78% of the total mass of the dry sand; dry sand with particle size of 0.053-0.074 mm: accounting for 20 to 25 percent of the total mass of the dry sand; dry sand with particle size less than 0.053 mm: accounting for 1 to 3 percent of the total mass of the dry sand. The grading formula of the aggregate is optimized by adding the dry sand, so that the porosity in the resin concrete is the lowest, and the compressive strength of the resin concrete is the highest.

In an embodiment of the present application, the hardness of the stone is 220Mpa to 260Mpa, and the stone includes: stone with the grain diameter of 0.315-1.25mm, which accounts for 12-19% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain diameter of 1.25mm-5m, which accounts for 28-36% of the total mass of the stone; stone with a grain size of 5mm-15mm, which accounts for 46% -54% of the total mass of the stone.

Wherein the stone material can be granite, and the hardness of the granite is 220Mpa-260Mpa. The filler comprises one or more of fly ash, quartz powder, and pozzolan. In addition to adding dry sand to the aggregate, the present application optimizes the grading of the stone in the aggregate. From the above, the stone comprises: stone with the grain diameter of 0.315-1.25mm, which accounts for 12-19% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain diameter of 1.25mm-5m, which accounts for 28-36% of the total mass of the stone; stone with a grain size of 5mm-15mm, which accounts for 46% -54% of the total mass of the stone. The compressive strength of the resin concrete obtained according to the stone mixture ratio and the dry sand mixture ratio can meet the strength requirement of a machine tool base.

In another embodiment of the present application, the hardness of the stone is 220Mpa to 260Mpa, and the stone includes: stone with the grain diameter of 0.315-0.625mm, which accounts for 5-8% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain size of 0.625mm-1.25mm, which accounts for 7% -11% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain diameter of 1.25mm-2.5mm, which accounts for 11% -15% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain diameter of 2.5mm-5m, which accounts for 17-21% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain size of 5mm-10mm, which accounts for 26% -30% of the total mass of the stone; the stone with the grain diameter of 10mm-15mm accounts for 20% -24% of the total mass of the stone.

This application has further optimized the building stones ratio and has included: stone with the grain diameter of 0.315-0.625mm, which accounts for 5-8% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain size of 0.625mm-1.25mm, which accounts for 7% -11% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain diameter of 1.25mm-2.5mm, which accounts for 11% -15% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain diameter of 2.5mm-5m, which accounts for 17-21% of the total mass of the stone; stone with the grain size of 5mm-10mm, which accounts for 26% -30% of the total mass of the stone; the stone with the grain diameter of 10mm-15mm accounts for 20% -24% of the total mass of the stone. According to the resin concrete prepared according to the proportion, the porosity of the resin concrete can be reduced to the minimum, the most compact skeleton structure is achieved, and the compressive strength of the resin concrete is highest.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the resin concrete further includes: the mass percentage of the fiber is 0.5-3%. The fiber comprises: the surface copper-plated steel fiber has the diameter of 0.2-0.5mm and the length-diameter ratio of 60-80. And a proper amount of fiber is added into the resin concrete, so that the bonding stress of the resin and the aggregate in the resin concrete can be enhanced. But the amount of added fiber and the diameter and length of the fiber will affect the bonding stress of the resin to the aggregate. Specifically, when the amount of steel fibers added to the resin concrete is small, the steel fibers are excessively dispersed in the aggregate, and do not function to enhance the bonding stress. When the amount of the added steel fibers is large, the porosity in the resin concrete is increased, resulting in a decrease in the compressive strength of the resin concrete. In addition, the excessive steel fibers can generate a phenomenon of agglomeration in the aggregate, and the compressive strength is affected. Therefore, the addition of 0.5 to 3% of the fibers, preferably 0.7% of the fibers, to the resin concrete can improve the compressive strength of the resin concrete most significantly.

Aspect ratio, i.e. the ratio of the effective length of the fiber to its diameter, e.g. 60 for the fiber and 0.2mm for the diameter, the effective length of the fiber is: 12mm. Because the interfacial maximum shear stress does not change with fiber length, the interfacial average shear stress decreases with increasing fiber length and the fiber ineffective segment (shear stress of 0) length increases with increasing fiber length. If the interface bonding strength is not affected by the length of the fiber, when the fiber is shorter, the interface shearing failure is easy to occur due to the larger average shearing stress of the interface, and a good reinforcing effect cannot be achieved; when the fiber length is longer, the average shear stress of the interface is smaller, the interface shear failure is not easy to occur, but the length of the invalid section of the fiber is increased, the waste of the fiber is easy to be caused, and the good reinforcing effect cannot be achieved.

Further, when the length of the fiber is short, the interfacial bonding strength between the resin and the aggregate in the resin concrete is low, and when the resin concrete is bent and broken, the fiber is in a pulled-out state in many cases. As the length of the fibers increases, so does the interfacial bond strength. As the fiber length continues to increase, the fibers are caused to be poorly dispersed in the resin concrete, thereby increasing the porosity of the resin concrete, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the resin concrete. Therefore, the length-diameter ratio of the fiber is selected to be 60-80, and the diameter is selected to be 0.2-0.5 mm, so that the compressive strength of the resin concrete can be improved, the consumption of the fiber can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. And copper plating is performed on the surface of the steel fiber, so that the steel fiber can be prevented from being rusted to reduce the axial tensile stress.

According to one embodiment of the application, the cementing material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: resin: 65% -80%, curing agent: 15-25%; a diluent: 1-10%; defoaming agent: 1-10%. Wherein the resin comprises: bisphenol a type epoxy resin E44 and bisphenol a type epoxy resin E51, and the mass ratio of bisphenol a type epoxy resin E44 and bisphenol a type epoxy resin E51 added is: 1:2-5. The curing agent comprises a T31 modified curing agent, the diluent comprises isobutanol, and the defoaming agent is tributyl phosphate.

The cement is used to firmly bond the filler and aggregate in the resin concrete together to form a strong concrete. The cementing material mainly comprises bonding resin, wherein the bonding resin comprises double-part A-type epoxy resin E44 and bisphenol A-type epoxy resin E51. When the bisphenol A type epoxy resin E44 and the bisphenol A type epoxy resin E51 are added in mass ratio: 1:2-5, the mechanical property of the resin concrete can be greatly improved. Preferably, the bisphenol a type epoxy resin E44 and the bisphenol a type epoxy resin E51 are added in the following proportions: 1:2.3, namely when the resin comprises 30 percent of bisphenol A epoxy resin E44 and 70 percent of bisphenol A epoxy resin E51, the mechanical property of the resin concrete is the highest.

The curing agent is used for chemically reacting with the resin to trigger polymerization or crosslinking reaction of the resin, so that the resin is converted from a liquid state or a viscous state to a hard solid state. The chemical bond structure created by this reaction enhances the strength and durability of the concrete. The T31 modified curing agent is selected, so that not only can the strength of the concrete be enhanced, but also the curing speed of the resin can be improved, the curing time of the resin concrete can be shortened, and the manufacturing efficiency can be improved.

The diluent can reduce the viscosity of the resin, so that the resin is easier to coat and cast on the aggregate and the filler, and the resin is more uniformly distributed on the aggregate and the filler. In addition, the diluent can reduce the use amount of the resin and save the cost. The common diluent is acetone, and the isobutanol is used as the diluent, so that the mechanical property of the resin concrete can be improved compared with that of the acetone. And the resin concrete with the same quality is manufactured, so that the using amount of the isobutanol is less compared with that of the acetone, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Through experimental calculation, the cost of the diluent consumable material can be reduced by 30% -50%.

The defoamer can reduce the surface tension, so that bubbles are more easily discharged from the concrete, thereby reducing or eliminating the formation of air holes and bubbles in the resin concrete and reducing the porosity. The air bubbles in the resin concrete are reduced, the porosity is reduced, and the mechanical property of the resin concrete can be improved. The mechanical properties include compressive strength, flexural strength, etc.

For the machine tool base, the application also discloses a preparation method of the machine tool base, as shown in fig. 1, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s101, weighing the mass of each raw material resin, curing agent, diluent and defoaming agent in each level of aggregate, filler, fiber and cementing material according to the mixing ratio;

s102, sequentially adding resin, a curing agent, a diluent and a defoaming agent into stirring equipment, and stirring to obtain a cementing material;

s103, adding filler into the cementing material and stirring to obtain a cementing material mixture;

s104, respectively adding the fibers into all levels of aggregates, and uniformly stirring to obtain all levels of aggregate mixtures;

s105, sequentially adding the aggregate mixtures of all levels into the cementing material mixture according to the sequence from small particle size to large particle size to obtain resin concrete, wherein each step of adding the aggregate is stirred for a preset time;

and S106, pouring the resin concrete into the base shell, vibrating and compacting, and curing to obtain the machine tool base.

From the above, the method optimizes the grading of the aggregate, and avoids discontinuous phenomenon caused by oversized aggregate, so that the aggregate is difficult to uniformly distribute. In order to further ensure that the aggregates are uniformly distributed in the resin concrete, the preparation method of the machine tool base is optimized, namely, the aggregates are sequentially added into the cementing material mixture according to the order of the particle sizes of the aggregates from small to large. Specifically, firstly weighing raw materials according to various raw materials and mass percentages in the resin concrete, then adding the resin, the curing agent, the diluent and the defoamer in the raw materials into stirring equipment, and rapidly stirring for 1-3 min to obtain the cementing material, wherein the rapid stirring speed is 285+/-10 r/min on rotation and 125+/-10 r/min on revolution; then adding the filler into the cementing material, and slowly stirring for 1-3 min to obtain a cementing material mixture, wherein the slow stirring speed is 140+ -5 r/min of rotation and 62+ -5 r/min of revolution; adding the fibers into all levels of aggregates according to the proportion of the aggregates at all levels, and uniformly mixing to obtain an aggregate mixture; and sequentially adding the aggregate mixture of each level into the cementing material mixture according to the sequence from small particle size to large particle size to obtain resin concrete, finally pouring the resin concrete into a base shell, and curing to obtain the machine tool base. Wherein the predetermined stirring time is 20s-60s.

The cementing material mixture is sequentially added into the cementing material mixture from small to large according to the particle size of the aggregate, so that the smaller aggregate can be filled into gaps between the larger aggregate, the compactness of the concrete is improved, the uniformity is improved, the cracking and breaking problems of the concrete in the use process are avoided, and in addition, the mechanical property and the stability of the machine tool concrete base can be improved.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of curing resin concrete according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the method includes:

s201, pouring resin concrete into the base shell;

s202, placing the poured base shell on a vibrating table for vibrating compaction;

and S203, curing the base shell filled with the resin concrete in a constant temperature environment of 80-90 ℃ for 3-8 days, and curing at room temperature for 1-3 days to obtain the machine tool base.

In S201, after the base housing is prepared, the resin concrete prepared in advance is poured into the base housing. Meanwhile, attention is paid to parameters such as casting temperature, viscosity and the like of the resin concrete so as to ensure that casting is smoothly carried out.

In S202, after the resin concrete is poured, the base housing is placed on a vibration table to be vibrated and compacted, and the prepared resin concrete is replenished at any time, so that the resin concrete is ensured to be filled and the surface is flattened. The vibration is helpful to remove gaps and bubbles in the concrete, and the compactness and uniformity of the concrete are improved. Wherein the vibration time of the vibration table is 10min-20min, the vibration frequency is 40Hz-50Hz, and the amplitude is 0.2mm-0.4mm.

In S203, after vibration compaction, the base housing filled with resin concrete is placed in a constant temperature environment for curing. Curing temperature is 80-90 deg.c, and this can speed up the hardening and curing process of resin concrete. The curing time is generally 3-8 days, and the concrete time is adjusted according to the properties and curing effect of the resin concrete. And then, curing the base shell subjected to constant temperature curing for 1-3 days at room temperature to ensure the strength and stability of the resin concrete, and finally obtaining the machine tool base. During the curing, care needs to be taken to ensure that the concrete quality is not ideal due to too fast or insufficient curing.

In the application of the resin concrete on a machine tool base, good damping performance is required to ensure the stability and the machining precision of a machine tool system. But at the same time, the compressive strength is also very important under the premise of ensuring the cushioning performance. This is because the compressive strength of the resin concrete, which is a high-strength material, can directly affect the durability and service life of the machine tool base. In the machine tool machining process, the machine tool base needs to bear constant machining load and repeated impact load, and the high compressive strength of the resin concrete can ensure that the resin concrete is not easy to deform or damage when being subjected to the loads, so that the stability, the machining precision and the long-term service life of a machine tool system are ensured. If the compressive strength of the resin concrete is insufficient, the base of the machine tool is deformed or destroyed, so that the service life of the machine tool is shortened, and even the machining precision and the production quality of the machine tool are directly influenced. Therefore, for the base of the resin concrete machine tool, the compressive strength and the cushioning performance of the resin concrete are important, and the design and the selection are required according to specific use conditions so as to ensure that the comprehensive performance of the resin concrete can meet the use requirements. The preparation method of the machine tool base is further optimized on the basis of the method of fig. 1, and the compressive strength of the machine tool base is improved.

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a machine tool base according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the preparation method comprises:

s301, weighing the mass of each raw material in each level of aggregate, filler and cementing material according to the mixing proportion;

s302, respectively soaking stones at all levels in aggregate in a coupling agent solution for coupling treatment;

s303, adding all raw materials in the cementing material into stirring equipment, and rapidly stirring for 1-3 min to obtain the cementing material;

s304, adding the filler into the cementing material, and slowly stirring for 1-3 min to obtain a cementing material mixture;

s305, sequentially adding stone materials and dry sand of each level after coupling treatment into a cementing material mixture according to the sequence from small particle size to large particle size to obtain resin concrete, wherein each time of adding primary aggregate, stirring for a preset time;

s306, pouring resin concrete into the base shell, vibrating and compacting, and curing to obtain the machine tool base.

The steps of the preparation method in fig. 3 are not partially identical to those in fig. 1, and the same steps are not repeated here. Fig. 3 shows the steps of coupling the stone stages, compared to the preparation method of fig. 1. The coupling agent is a chemical substance for improving adhesion between two incompatible substances. The stone at each level is soaked in the coupling agent solution, so that the property of the surface of the aggregate can be improved, the aggregate can be combined with resin more easily, and the mechanical property of the resin concrete can be improved.

The coupling agent of the present application may be a silane coupling agent, including KH550. The silane coupling agent can respectively react with the resin and the aggregate to establish chemical bond connection between the resin and the aggregate, so that the interfacial bonding strength between the resin and the aggregate is increased, and the compressive strength of the resin concrete is improved. The hydrolyzed silane coupling agent is combined with the aggregate in a hydrogen bond mode, dehydrated under the heating condition, and finally stable chemical bond connection is formed between the aggregate and the silane coupling agent.

The method adopts a mode of immersing the aggregate in the coupling agent solution for coupling treatment, and ensures that each surface of the aggregate is covered with the coupling agent, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform coverage. Wherein the coupling agent solution comprises: silane coupling agent, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol. The mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the deionized water to the absolute ethyl alcohol is as follows: 1:3-5:3-6. The mass ratio of the silane coupling agent, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol in the coupling agent directly influences the effect of the coupling treatment on the aggregate. For example, if the silane coupling agent is excessively added, the cost will be increased, and if the silane coupling agent is excessively added, the coupling treatment will be uneven, and the ideal treatment effect will not be achieved. Therefore, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent, the deionized water and the absolute ethyl alcohol is as follows: 1:3-5:3-6 are determined according to the quality, shape, particle size and other factors of the aggregate, so that the effect of the coupling agent is fully exerted, and the problem of waste is avoided.

The coupling agent solution is determined according to the total mass of stones at all levels, and then is prepared according to the proportioning relation of the coupling agent solution. One way is to equally divide the prepared coupling agent solution into a plurality of containers according to the total number of stages of the stone, and the other way is that: a 30% coupling agent solution is dispensed into a vessel for soaking rock of smaller particle size, such as: stone with a grain size of 0.315-0.625mm and stone with a grain size of 0.625-1.25 mm; the 70% coupling agent solution is dispensed into a vessel for soaking stone having a relatively large particle size, such as stone having a particle size of 1.25mm to 2.5mm, stone having a particle size of 2.5mm to 5m, stone having a particle size of 5mm to 10mm, stone having a particle size of 10mm to 15 mm. According to the size of the particle diameter, the coupling agent solutions with different qualities are distributed, so that the problem of adhesion and agglomeration of stones with smaller particle diameter due to excessive coupling agents is prevented, the stones with larger particle diameter can be ensured to obtain sufficient chemical reaction, and the coupling treatment effect is improved.

Optionally, the machine tool base preparation method further includes, between S304 and S305: adding the fiber 0.5-3%, respectively, into stone and dry sand of each stage after coupling treatment, and stirring to obtain stone mixture and dry sand mixture of each stage; and sequentially adding the aggregate mixture at all levels and the dry sand mixture at all levels into the cementing material mixture according to the order of the particle sizes from small to large to obtain the resin concrete.

FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a coupling treatment process according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the method includes:

s401, respectively placing stones at each level into the coupling agent solution for soaking for a first period of time;

s402, placing the coupled stones at all levels into an oven to be baked at constant temperature for a second period of time;

and S403, placing the roasted stones at each stage in a normal-temperature drying environment to cool for a third period of time.

In S401, each stage of stone is soaked in a container containing a coupling agent solution, respectively, so that the aggregate is sufficiently chemically reacted with the coupling agent. Wherein the first time period is 12min-18min. And 12-18 min is enough for all aggregate to contact with the coupling agent and for full chemical reaction to occur.

In S402, the aggregate is placed in an oven and baked at a specific temperature to help cure the coupling agent. Wherein the second time period is 3h-7h, and the constant temperature of the oven is 55-65 ℃.

In S403, the aggregate is cooled in a dry environment at room temperature, and the treated aggregate can be stabilized. Wherein the third time period is 20min-40min.

In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages that may be achieved by the embodiments of the present application, the following describes in detail the advantages of the machine tool base and the manufacturing method according to the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with specific experiments.

The application designs a comparison experiment to prove that the aggregate grading is optimized by adding dry sand, and the compressive strength of the resin concrete is improved; it is also proved that the compressive strength of the resin concrete is further improved by adding the aggregate in a mode of small to large particle size of the aggregate in the preparation method of the machine tool base. The specific experimental contents are as follows:

experiment one:

the preparation method of the machine tool base of the embodiment is as follows:

1. crushing, cleaning, drying and classifying the aggregate. And weighing aggregate according to an aggregate level, wherein the aggregate is granite stone and takes 1200g. Wherein:

the grain diameter is 0.315-0.625mm,216g, accounting for 18% of the total mass of the aggregate;

the grain diameter is 0.625mm-1.25mm,96g, accounting for 8% of the total mass of the aggregate;

particle size 1.25mm-2.5mm,144g, accounting for 12% of the total mass of the aggregate;

particle size 2.5mm-5m,204g, accounting for 17% of the total mass of the aggregate;

particle size 5mm-10mm,300g, accounting for 25% of the total mass of the aggregate;

the particle size is 10mm-15mm,240g, accounting for 20% of the total mass of the aggregate.

2. According to the mixing ratio, the required steel fibers are weighed to be 30.6g, and are respectively added into all levels of aggregates according to the proportion to be uniformly mixed.

3. According to the mixing ratio, 44.6g of epoxy resin E44 and 104g of epoxy resin E51 are weighed, 37.1g of T31 modified curing agent, 14.5g of isobutanol are weighed, and 150g of fly ash is weighed.

4. Sequentially adding the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the diluent (isobutanol) into a stirrer, and rapidly stirring for 2min to obtain the cementing material.

5. Adding the fly ash into the cementing material, and stirring for 2min at a slow speed to obtain a mixture.

6. And adding the mixed aggregate and the fibers into a stirrer containing the cementing material, and slowly stirring for 8min to obtain the resin concrete.

7. Pouring the resin concrete into a mould coated with a release agent, and then placing the mould on a vibrating table for vibrating compaction. The vibration time was 15min, the vibration frequency was 45Hz, and the amplitude was 0.25mm.

8. Curing the prepared test piece for 24 hours at normal temperature and then demoulding.

9. Curing the demolded test block for 5d at the constant temperature of 85 ℃, and then continuing to cure for 1d at room temperature to obtain a finished product.

In step 7, in order to detect the compressive strength of the resin-resin concrete block, the resin concrete is injected into the mold. In the actual production of the machine tool base, the stirred resin concrete is directly poured into the base shell for maintenance, and then the machine tool base is obtained. The experimental procedure is slightly different from the actual production procedure.

After the finished product is obtained, the compressive strength of the resin concrete can be detected, and the detection method comprises the following steps:

1. and (3) manufacturing 50-50 resin concrete test blocks, and curing the resin concrete test blocks to the age according to a curing method.

2. When the test piece reaches the test age, the test piece is taken out from the maintenance site, the size and the shape of the test piece are checked, and then the test is performed as soon as possible.

3. Before the test piece is placed in the testing machine, the surface of the test piece and the upper and lower bearing plate surfaces should be wiped clean.

4. The side surface of the test piece during molding is taken as a pressure bearing surface, the test piece is placed on a lower pressing plate or a backing plate of the testing machine, and the center of the test piece is aligned with the center of the lower pressing plate of the testing machine.

5. Starting the testing machine, and uniformly contacting the surface of the test piece with the upper and lower bearing plates or the steel backing plate.

6. In the test process, continuous and uniform loading is carried out, and the loading speed is 0.8 MPa/s-1.0 MPa/s.

7. And recording the damage load when the test block is damaged.

8. Data processing

f＝F/A；(1)

f-compressive strength of test block (MPa), to 0.1MPa

F-test block breaking load (KN)

A-area of bearing of test block (m) ² )

And (3) taking the value:

1) Taking the arithmetic average value of the test values of the 3 test pieces as the intensity value of the group of test pieces, and accurately reaching 0.1MPa;

2) When the difference value between one of the maximum value or the minimum value in the 3 measured values and the intermediate value exceeds 15% of the intermediate value, eliminating the maximum value and the minimum value, and taking the intermediate value as the compressive strength value of the group of test pieces;

3) When the differences between the maximum value and the minimum value and the intermediate value exceed 15% of the intermediate value, the test results of the test pieces are invalid.

Fig. 5 is a table of compressive strength experimental data records according to one embodiment of the present application. Fig. 6 is a graph of load versus time in detecting compressive strength of a block of resin concrete according to one embodiment of the present application. And in the pressing process of the testing machine, recording the applied damage load, calculating the bearing area through the size of the input resin concrete test block, and finally calculating the compressive strength of the resin concrete test block through the formula (1).

The compressive strength of the three resin concrete test pieces was measured as shown in table 1:

TABLE 1

Experimental results: the compressive strength of the first test by the method is as follows: 102.10MPa.

Experiment II:

1. crushing, cleaning, drying and classifying the aggregate. Aggregate is weighed according to aggregate grade, and the aggregate is divided into granite stones and dry sand, and the total weight of the aggregate is 1200g. Wherein:

dry sand with the grain diameter of 0.074-0.106mm, 108g, accounting for 75% of the total mass of the dry sand;

dry sand with the grain diameter of 0.053-0.074mm, 33.12g, accounting for 23% of the total mass of the dry sand;

2.88g of dry sand with the particle size smaller than 0.053mm and accounting for 2% of the total mass of the dry sand;

aggregate with the particle size of 0.315-0.625mm, 72g accounting for 6% of the total mass of the aggregate;

aggregate with the particle size of 0.625mm-1.25mm, 96g accounting for 8% of the total mass of the aggregate;

Aggregate with the particle size of 1.25mm-2.5mm, 144g accounting for 12% of the total mass of the aggregate;

aggregate with the particle size of 2.5mm-5m, 204g accounting for 17% of the total mass of the aggregate;

aggregate with the grain diameter of 5mm-10mm, 300g accounting for 25% of the total mass of the aggregate;

aggregate with the particle size of 10mm-15mm, 240g, accounting for 20% of the total mass of the aggregate.

The subsequent steps are the same as those of the experiment one, and will not be described again here.

The compressive strength of the three resin concrete test pieces was measured as shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

Experimental results: the compressive strength of the second test by the method is as follows: 106.51MPa.

Experiment III:

1. crushing, cleaning, drying and classifying the aggregate. Weighing aggregate according to an aggregate level, wherein the aggregate proportion is the same as that of the experiment I;

6. Sequentially adding all levels of aggregate (including dry sand) into a stirrer containing cementing materials from small to large, slowly stirring, and adding one aggregate to stir for 30S. And (5) continuously stirring for 5min after the aggregate is added to obtain the resin concrete.

The compressive strength of the three resin concrete test pieces was measured as shown in table 3:

TABLE 3 Table 3

Experimental results: the compressive strength of the test three by the method is as follows: the compressive strength is 111.09MPa.

Experiment IV:

1. crushing, cleaning, drying and classifying the aggregate. Weighing aggregate according to an aggregate level, wherein the aggregate proportion is the same as that of the experiment II;

The compressive strength of the three resin concrete test pieces was measured as shown in table 4:

TABLE 4 Table 4

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Experimental results: the compressive strength of the fourth test by the method is as follows: the compressive strength is 117.53MPa.

Conclusion of experiment: compared with the experiment I, the experiment II optimizes the grading of the aggregate, improves the compressive strength of the resin concrete by 4.41Mpa and improves the compressive strength by 4.32%. Compared with the experiment one, the experiment three is added into the cementing material according to the order of the aggregate particle size from small to large, so that the compressive strength of the resin concrete is improved by 8.99Mpa and 8.81%. Compared with the experiment one, the experiment four optimizes the grading of the aggregate, and adds the aggregate into the cementing material according to the order of the particle size of the aggregate from small to large, so that the compressive strength of the resin concrete is improved by 15.43Mpa and 15.11%.

Further, the compressive strength of the resin concrete can be improved through carrying out coupling treatment on the aggregate through the comparison test verification, and in addition, the compressive strength of the resin concrete is further improved through the way that the aggregate is soaked in the coupling agent solution by configuring the just coupling agent solution. The experimental contents are as follows:

Experiment five:

3. According to the mixing ratio, 44.6g of epoxy resin E44 and 104g of epoxy resin E51 are weighed, 37.1g of T31 modified curing agent, 14.5g of isobutanol are weighed, 150g of fly ash, 40g of water glass with the mass concentration of 5% and 5g of silane coupling agent are weighed.

4. Sequentially adding epoxy resin, a curing agent, a diluent (isobutanol), water glass and a silane coupling agent into a stirrer, and rapidly stirring for 2min to obtain the cementing material.

The compressive strength of the three resin concrete test pieces was measured as shown in table 5:

TABLE 5

Experimental results: the compressive strength of the test five by the method is as follows: the compressive strength is 135.93MPa.

Experiment six:

2. respectively soaking stones at all levels in the aggregate into a coupling agent solution for 15min, putting the coupled aggregate into a baking oven for baking at the constant temperature of 60 ℃ for 5h, and then standing and drying at the normal temperature for 30min. The coupling agent solution comprises 40g of silane coupling agent, 132g of deionized water and 180g of absolute ethyl alcohol, and the coupling agent is KH550.

3. According to the mixing ratio, the required steel fibers are weighed to be 30.6g, and are respectively added into all levels of aggregates according to the proportion to be uniformly mixed.

4. According to the mixing ratio, 44.6g of epoxy resin E44 and 104g of epoxy resin E51 are weighed, 37.1g of T31 modified curing agent, 14.5g of isobutanol are weighed, and 150g of fly ash is weighed.

5. Sequentially adding the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the diluent (isobutanol) into a stirrer, and rapidly stirring for 2min to obtain the cementing material.

6. Adding the fly ash into the cementing material, and stirring for 2min at a slow speed to obtain a mixture.

7. Adding stone materials and dry sand of each level treated by the coupling agent into a stirrer containing cementing material in turn from small to large, stirring slowly, and adding an aggregate to stir for 30S. And (5) continuously stirring for 5min after the aggregate is added to obtain the resin concrete.

The compressive strength of the three resin concrete test pieces was measured as shown in table 6:

TABLE 6

Experimental results: the compressive strength of the sixth test tested by the above method was: the compressive strength was 150.23MPa.

Conclusion of experiment: compared with the experiment four, the experiment four adds the coupling agent in the cementing material, improves the compressive strength of the resin concrete by 18.4Mpa and improves the compressive strength by 15.70%. Experiment six is compared with experiment five, experiment six prepares the coupling agent into coupling agent solution, and soak the aggregate in the coupling agent solution that prepares respectively, has improved the compressive strength of resin concrete 14.07Mpa, has improved 10.35%.

Finally, the application designs a comparative experiment to prove that the compressive strength of the resin concrete is improved by adding tributyl phosphate into the cementing material. The experimental contents are as follows:

experiment seven:

1. crushing, cleaning, drying and classifying the aggregate. And weighing aggregate according to the aggregate level, wherein the aggregate proportion is the same as that of the experiment II.

4. According to the mixing ratio, 44.6g of epoxy resin E44 and 104g of epoxy resin E51 are weighed, 37.1g of T31 modified curing agent, 11.7g of isobutanol, 2.5g of tributyl phosphate and 150g of fly ash are weighed.

5. Epoxy resin, curing agent, diluent (isobutanol) and defoamer (tributyl phosphate 2.5 g) are sequentially added into a stirrer, and the mixture is rapidly stirred for 2 minutes to obtain the cementing material.

The compressive strength of the three resin concrete test pieces was measured as shown in table 7:

TABLE 7

Experimental results: the compressive strength of the test seven detected by the method is as follows: the compressive strength is 152.63MPa.

Experiment eight:

4. According to the mixing ratio, 44.6g of epoxy resin E44 and 104g of epoxy resin E51 are weighed, 37.1g of T31 modified curing agent is weighed, 37g of acetone is weighed, and 150g of fly ash is weighed.

5. Sequentially adding the epoxy resin, the curing agent, the diluent and (acetone) into a stirrer, and rapidly stirring for 2min to obtain the cementing material.

The compressive strength of the three resin concrete test pieces was measured as shown in table 8:

TABLE 8

Experimental results: the compressive strength of the test eight by the method is as follows: the compressive strength is 130.96MPa.

Conclusion of experiment: experiment seven compares with experiment six, experiment six has increased the defoaming agent (tributyl phosphate) in the cementing material to optimize the proportion relation of defoaming agent (tributyl phosphate) and diluent (isobutanol), improved the compressive strength of resin concrete by 2.4Mpa, improved by 1.60%. Experiment seven compares with experiment eight, experiment seven replaces the defoamer by isobutanol with traditional acetone, has both reduced the use cost of defoamer, has improved 21.67Mpa with the compressive strength of resin concrete again, has improved 16.55%.

Compared with experiment eight, the intensity of the diluent is improved after the diluent is changed from acetone to isobutanol, and the dosage of isobutanol is smaller than that of acetone. The inquiry shows that the price of isobutanol is 12.9 yuan/Kg, the price of acetone is 8.8 yuan/Kg, and the cost of the diluent for manufacturing the resin concrete test block is as follows:

acetone: 0.037×8.8=0.3256 element;

isobutanol: 0.0145×12.9= 0.18705 yuan;

cost reduction: (0.3256-0.18705)/0.3256×100% = 42.55%.

From the above, the cost of the diluent is reduced by 42.55% after the diluent is changed from acetone to isobutanol.

Analysis of experimental results

FIG. 7 is a compressive strength line graph according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure 7, the preparation method is optimized (aggregate is sequentially put into the preparation method according to the particle size and the coupling treatment is carried out on the aggregate), the formula and the raw materials of the cementing material are improved, the compressive strength of the resin concrete is improved from 102.1Mpa at the beginning to 152.63Mpa in the optimal scheme, and the compressive strength is improved by 49.49%. By utilizing the scheme of the application, the compressive strength of the machine tool base is greatly improved, the service life is prolonged, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

The above embodiments are provided for illustrating the present application and are not intended to limit the present application, and various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the relevant art without departing from the scope of the present application, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions shall fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing a machine tool base, the machine tool base comprising: the base shell and the resin concrete are filled in the base shell, and the resin concrete comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 70% -85% of aggregate, 5% -15% of filler and 5% -20% of cementing material, wherein the aggregate comprises dry sand and stone, the dry sand accounts for 10% -20% of the total mass of the aggregate, the stone accounts for 80% -90% of the total mass of the aggregate, the stone at least comprises three grades of stone according to the particle size, and the dry sand comprises:

Dry sand with particle size of 0.074-0.106 mm: accounting for 72-78% of the total mass of the dry sand;

dry sand with particle size of 0.053-0.074 mm: accounting for 20 to 25 percent of the total mass of the dry sand;

dry sand with particle size less than 0.053 mm: accounting for 1 to 3 percent of the total mass of the dry sand;

the method comprises the following steps:

weighing the mass of each raw material in each level of aggregate, filler and cementing material according to the mixing proportion;

respectively soaking stones at all levels in the aggregate in a coupling agent solution for coupling treatment;

adding the raw materials in the cementing material into stirring equipment, and rapidly stirring for 1-3 min to obtain the cementing material;

adding the filler into the cementing material, and stirring for 1-3 min at a slow speed to obtain a cementing material mixture;

sequentially adding stone materials and dry sand of each level after coupling treatment into a cementing material mixture according to the sequence from small particle size to large particle size to obtain resin concrete, wherein each level of aggregate is added, and stirring is carried out for a preset time;

pouring the resin concrete into the base shell, vibrating and compacting, and curing to obtain the machine tool base.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the coupling treatment comprises:

respectively placing stones at each level into the coupling agent solution for soaking for a first period of time;

placing the coupled stones at all levels into a baking oven to bake at constant temperature for a second period of time;

And (5) placing the roasted stones at each stage in a normal-temperature drying environment to cool for a third period of time.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the coupling agent solution comprises: silane coupling agent, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol is: 1:3-5:3-6.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the first period of time is 12min-18min; the second time period is 3h-7h; the third time period is 20min-40min.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the oven has a constant temperature of 55-65 ℃.

7. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the mass percentage of the fiber is 0.5-3%, and the fiber is respectively added into stone materials and dry sand of each level after coupling treatment and is uniformly stirred to obtain stone material mixtures and dry sand mixtures of each level; and sequentially adding the aggregate mixture at all levels and the dry sand mixture at all levels into the cementing material mixture according to the order of the particle sizes from small to large to obtain the resin concrete.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the fiber comprises: the surface copper-plated steel fiber has the diameter of 0.2mm-0.5mm and the length-diameter ratio of 60-80.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the stone comprises:

stone with the grain diameter of 0.315-1.25mm, which accounts for 12-19% of the total mass of the stone;

stone with the grain diameter of 1.25mm-5m, which accounts for 28-36% of the total mass of the stone;

stone with a grain size of 5mm-15mm, which accounts for 46% -54% of the total mass of the stone.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the stone comprises:

stone with the grain diameter of 0.315-0.625mm, which accounts for 5-8% of the total mass of the stone;

stone with the grain size of 0.625mm-1.25mm, which accounts for 7% -11% of the total mass of the stone;

stone with the grain diameter of 1.25mm-2.5mm, which accounts for 11% -15% of the total mass of the stone;

stone with the grain diameter of 2.5mm-5m, which accounts for 17-21% of the total mass of the stone;

stone with the grain size of 5mm-10mm, which accounts for 26% -30% of the total mass of the stone;

the stone with the grain diameter of 10mm-15mm accounts for 20% -24% of the total mass of the stone.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the cement comprises the following raw materials in mass percent: resin: 65% -80%, curing agent: 15-25%; a diluent: 1-10%; defoaming agent: 1-10%.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the resin comprises: bisphenol A type epoxy resin E44 and bisphenol A type epoxy resin E51, wherein the adding mass ratio of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin E44 to the bisphenol A type epoxy resin E51 is as follows: 1:2-5.