CN117797345A

CN117797345A - Self-checking method of hemodialysis equipment, hemodialysis equipment and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN117797345A
Application number: CN202311678569.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董凡; 伍江峰; 黄河; 苗长权; 区子友
Original assignee: Jafron Biomedical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jafron Biomedical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-07
Filing date: 2023-12-07
Publication date: 2024-04-02

Abstract

The application discloses a self-checking method of hemodialysis equipment, hemodialysis equipment and storage medium, and the method comprises the following steps: in the self-checking stage, inserting an arterial puncture needle into a first liquid storage bag containing disinfectant, and inserting a venous puncture needle into a second liquid storage bag, so that the disinfectant can sequentially pass through the arterial puncture needle, an arterial pipeline, a dialyzer, a venous pipeline, the venous puncture needle and the second liquid storage bag, and the disinfectant is stored in the second liquid storage bag; respectively acquiring a first detection temperature and a second detection temperature of disinfectant in a first liquid storage bag and a second liquid storage bag; the first heater is activated when the absolute value of the temperature difference between the first detected temperature and the second detected temperature is greater than a preset temperature value, and the second heater is activated when the absolute value of the temperature difference is less than or equal to the preset temperature value. In this way, the present application is able to determine the heating pattern problem of the hemodialysis apparatus at the self-test stage.

Description

Self-checking method of hemodialysis equipment, hemodialysis equipment and storage medium

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of hemodialysis technologies, and in particular, to a self-checking method of a hemodialysis apparatus, and a storage medium.

Background

When the hemodialysis apparatus is in the self-test phase, the operator spends much time developing the self-test on the hemodialysis apparatus. The solution to the problem of safety of blood purification treatment, such as the problem of setting the heating mode of hemodialysis equipment, cannot be found out in the self-test stage: is the heater located on the venous line or on the dialysate inlet line during the hemodialysis session? The related art cannot solve the problem of heating mode setting in the self-checking stage of hemodialysis equipment, and the safety of hemodialysis treatment of patients is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a self-test method of a hemodialysis apparatus, and a storage medium, which can determine a heating mode problem of the hemodialysis apparatus at a self-test stage.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a self-test method of a hemodialysis apparatus, the hemodialysis apparatus comprising: the device comprises a vein puncture needle, an artery pipeline, a vein pipeline, a dialysate input pipeline, a waste liquid output pipeline, a dialyzer, a balance cavity, a first liquid inlet pipe, a first liquid outlet pipe, a first heater and a second heater; an intermediate membrane is arranged in the middle of the cavity of the balance cavity, and divides the cavity of the balance cavity into a dialysis side and a waste liquid side; the first end of the arterial pipeline is provided with the arterial puncture needle, the second end of the arterial pipeline is connected with the blood input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the venous pipeline is provided with the venous puncture needle, the second end of the venous pipeline is connected with the blood output end of the dialyzer, the first end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the outlet of the dialysis side of the balancing cavity, the second end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the dialysate input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the inlet of the waste liquid side of the balancing cavity, the second end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the waste liquid output end of the dialyzer, the first inlet pipe is connected with the inlet of the dialysis side of the balancing cavity, the first heater is arranged on the venous pipeline, and the second heater is arranged on the dialysate input pipeline. The method comprises the following steps:

When the hemodialysis equipment enters a self-checking stage, inserting the arterial puncture needle into a first liquid storage bag containing disinfectant, inserting the venous puncture needle into a second liquid storage bag, enabling the disinfectant to sequentially pass through the arterial puncture needle, the arterial pipeline, the dialyzer, the venous pipeline, the venous puncture needle and the second liquid storage bag, and storing the disinfectant in the second liquid storage bag;

respectively acquiring a first detection temperature and a second detection temperature of disinfectant in the first liquid storage bag and the second liquid storage bag;

and when the absolute value of the temperature difference between the first detection temperature and the second detection temperature is smaller than or equal to the preset temperature value, activating the second heater.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a hemodialysis apparatus comprising: the device comprises a vein puncture needle, an artery pipeline, a vein pipeline, a dialysate input pipeline, a waste liquid output pipeline, a dialyzer, a balance cavity, a first liquid inlet pipe, a first liquid outlet pipe, a first heater and a second heater; an intermediate membrane is arranged in the middle of the cavity of the balance cavity, and divides the cavity of the balance cavity into a dialysis side and a waste liquid side; the first end of the arterial pipeline is provided with the arterial puncture needle, the second end of the arterial pipeline is connected with the blood input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the venous pipeline is provided with the venous puncture needle, the second end of the venous pipeline is connected with the blood output end of the dialyzer, the first end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the outlet of the dialysis side of the balancing cavity, the second end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the dialysate input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the inlet of the waste liquid side of the balancing cavity, the second end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the waste liquid output end of the dialyzer, the first inlet pipe is connected with the inlet of the dialysis side of the balancing cavity, the first heater is arranged on the venous pipeline, and the second heater is arranged on the dialysate input pipeline. The hemodialysis apparatus further includes: the device comprises a memory for storing a computer program and a processor for executing the computer program and for implementing a self-test method of a hemodialysis apparatus as described above when executing the computer program.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement a self-test method of a hemodialysis apparatus as described above.

The embodiment of the application provides a self-checking method of hemodialysis equipment, hemodialysis equipment and storage medium, in the self-checking stage, after disinfecting each part on the hemodialysis equipment through the antiseptic solution, can store the antiseptic solution after disinfecting through the second liquid storage bag, can judge according to the absolute value of the temperature difference between the first detected temperature and the second detected temperature of first liquid storage bag and second liquid storage bag around: whether the heater provided on the venous line or the dialysis fluid input line is activated. The heating mode of the hemodialysis treatment process of the patient can be set in the self-checking stage, and the heated blood can meet the blood safety temperature requirement of the patient, so that the safety of the hemodialysis treatment of the patient is greatly improved; therefore, the self-checking method in the embodiment solves the problem that a user does not know how to set the heating mode of the hemodialysis equipment, can complete two functions of disinfecting the hemodialysis equipment and selecting the heating mode in the self-checking stage, and has higher compatibility and application range.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an embodiment of the hemodialysis apparatus of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hemodialysis circuit in an embodiment of the hemodialysis apparatus of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a dialyzer according to an embodiment of the hemodialysis apparatus of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a self-test method of the hemodialysis apparatus of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a balancing chamber of an embodiment of the hemodialysis apparatus of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic graph of a first and second profile shown in an embodiment of a self-test method of a hemodialysis apparatus of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a third variation curve of a self-test method of the hemodialysis apparatus of the present application when the dialyzer is not experiencing a fluid flow failure;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a third variation curve when a dialyzer fails in fluid flow in an embodiment of a self-test method of a hemodialysis apparatus of the present application.

Detailed Description

The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

The flow diagrams depicted in the figures are merely illustrative and not necessarily all of the elements and operations/steps are included or performed in the order described. For example, some operations/steps may be further divided, combined, or partially combined, so that the order of actual execution may be changed according to actual situations.

In the following description, suffixes such as "module", "component", or "unit" for representing elements are used only for facilitating the description of the present application, and have no specific meaning in themselves. Thus, "module," "component," or "unit" may be used in combination.

The principle of hemodialysis is as follows: draining blood in the body to the outside of the body, passing through a dialyzer composed of innumerable hollow fibers, wherein the blood and electrolyte solution (dialysate) with similar concentration of the body are arranged inside and outside the hollow fibers, and substance exchange is carried out by the dispersion, ultrafiltration, adsorption and convection principles, so that metabolic waste in the body is removed, and the balance of electrolyte and acid and alkali is maintained; simultaneously, the excessive moisture in the body is removed, and the purified blood is returned to the body of the patient. Hemodialysis is one of the kidney replacement therapies for patients with acute and chronic renal failure. The hemodialysis equipment belongs to medical equipment which is necessary for patients to carry out hemodialysis treatment, and the operation safety of the hemodialysis equipment has important practical significance for the hemodialysis treatment safety of the patients.

Fig. 1 shows an overall schematic of a hemodialysis apparatus, and fig. 2 shows a principle of a line of hemodialysis; the hemodialysis apparatus includes: display unit, detecting element, alarm unit, pump driving unit, liquid way balancing unit etc.. In the practical application of the hemodialysis equipment, the hemodialysis equipment needs to be powered on, tubing, self-checking, hemodialysis, blood return and power failure. At power-up, various components of the hemodialysis apparatus need to be powered up to await various operating instructions from a user on the hemodialysis apparatus. In the tubing stage, the components of the hemodialysis apparatus need to be connected and arranged in a layout manner in the tubing principle. In the self-checking stage, whether each component on the hemodialysis equipment is in a normal state or not needs to be checked so as to discover the safety risk of the hemodialysis equipment in advance. In the hemodialysis stage, hemodialysis treatment is performed on the patient's blood by a hemodialysis apparatus. In the blood return phase, the user is ready to terminate the hemodialysis treatment, and the blood remaining in the line of the hemodialysis apparatus needs to be entirely returned to the patient. When the power failure is stopped, the power failure of each component of the hemodialysis apparatus needs to be terminated.

When the hemodialysis apparatus is in different phases, corresponding steps need to be performed on the hemodialysis apparatus. Hemodialysis equipment can present a number of problems at various stages, with problems that are most pronounced, particularly during the self-test stage; the self-checking stage is used as a step before the hemodialysis stage is executed, and the self-checking effect achieved in the self-checking stage has an important influence on the hemodialysis treatment safety of a patient; when the hemodialysis apparatus is in the self-test stage, the operator needs to spend a lot of time developing the self-test for the hemodialysis apparatus, which increases the workload of the operator; more importantly, the self-checking stage in the related art can only detect some very obvious faults (such as whether the shell of the hemodialysis equipment has obvious physical damage, whether the components of the hemodialysis equipment have power failure faults and the like), and a solution to the difficult problem which always puzzles the safety of blood purification treatment cannot be found in the self-checking stage; for example, problems of heating mode setting of hemodialysis equipment: in the hemodialysis stage, the blood of the patient flows in the extracorporeal circulation pipeline, the temperature of the blood in the pipeline is reduced, and the blood in the pipeline needs to be heated at the moment, but the heater is arranged on the venous pipeline to directly heat the blood, or is arranged on the dialysate input pipeline to directly heat the dialysate, so that the problem is solved in the heating mode in the hemodialysis stage. The related art does not involve the problem of setting the heating mode in the self-test stage of the hemodialysis apparatus, which results in that an operator does not know how to set the proper heating mode in the hemodialysis stage, and the safety and efficiency of the hemodialysis treatment of the patient are reduced.

Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment of the application discloses a self-checking method of hemodialysis equipment, and firstly, the structural schematic diagram of a dialyzer is described, as shown in fig. 3, the dialyzer is a pipeline and a container for exchanging solutes between blood and dialysate, the dialyzer mainly comprises a supporting structure and hollow fibers, the hollow fibers are semi-permeable membranes, and only molecules smaller than the pore diameter of the membranes are allowed to pass through. The dialyzer consists of hollow fiber, casing, sealing layer and end cover. Synthesizing a bundle of slender hollow fibers made of a semipermeable membrane, placing the bundle in a transparent cylindrical shell, sealing two sides of the bundle with nontoxic medical polyurethane adhesive, fixing the bundle with the shell, and opening the hollow fibers outside the sealing layer; in the hemodialysis stage, the blood and the dialysate of a patient are simultaneously introduced into the dialyzer, the blood and the dialysate are distributed on the inner side and the outer side of the hollow fiber, and the blood and the dialysate flow in opposite directions on the inner side and the outer side of the hollow fiber, and the concentration balance on the two sides of the hollow fiber is achieved through dispersion by means of the concentration gradient of solute, the dialysis gradient and the water pressure gradient on the inner side and the outer side of the hollow fiber.

It should be noted that, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application mainly solves the technical problems as follows: the heating mode setting problem of hemodialysis equipment, the heating mode can be divided into two kinds: a first heating mode and a second heating mode; wherein the first heating mode refers to: disposing a heater on the intravenous line; the second heating mode refers to: the heater is disposed on the dialysate input line. Clinical practice proves that: the two heating modes have different heating effects on the patient in the hemodialysis treatment process; the related art does not know whether the first heating mode or the second heating mode is selected in the hemodialysis stage, and once an operator misselects, the heating effect of the blood of the patient in the hemodialysis stage is poor, and the hemodialysis treatment safety of the patient is even compromised.

The embodiment of the application discloses a self-checking method of hemodialysis equipment, and the hemodialysis equipment comprises the following steps: the device comprises a vein puncture needle, an artery pipeline, a vein pipeline, a dialysate input pipeline, a waste liquid output pipeline, a dialyzer, a balance cavity, a first liquid inlet pipe, a first liquid outlet pipe, a first heater and a second heater; an intermediate membrane is arranged in the middle of the cavity of the balance cavity, and divides the cavity of the balance cavity into a dialysis side and a waste liquid side; the first end of the arterial pipeline is provided with the arterial puncture needle, the second end of the arterial pipeline is connected with the blood input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the venous pipeline is provided with the venous puncture needle, the second end of the venous pipeline is connected with the blood output end of the dialyzer, the first end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the dialysis side outlet of the balancing cavity, the second end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the dialysate input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the waste liquid side inlet of the balancing cavity, the second end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the waste liquid output end of the dialyzer, the first inlet pipe is connected with the dialysis side inlet of the balancing cavity, the first heater is arranged on the venous pipeline, and the second heater is arranged on the dialysate input pipeline.

Wherein the arterial puncture needle is used for being inserted into an artery of a patient in a hemodialysis stage, and the venous puncture needle is used for being inserted into a vein of the patient in the hemodialysis stage.

Referring to fig. 4, the self-test method of the hemodialysis apparatus in the embodiment of the present application includes the steps of:

step S101: when the hemodialysis equipment enters a self-checking stage, the arterial puncture needle is inserted into a first liquid storage bag containing disinfectant, the venous puncture needle is inserted into a second liquid storage bag, so that the disinfectant can sequentially pass through the arterial puncture needle, the arterial pipeline, the dialyzer, the venous pipeline, the venous puncture needle and the second liquid storage bag, and the disinfectant is stored in the second liquid storage bag.

If the hemodialysis apparatus is already in the tube, the self-test phase can be entered directly. If the hemodialysis equipment does not have a tubing, the tubing needs to be completed first, when the completion of the tubing of the hemodialysis equipment is detected, the hemodialysis equipment is controlled to be switched from the tubing stage to the self-checking stage, and when the completion of the tubing of the hemodialysis equipment is detected, the liquid can be controlled to flow in the pipeline of the hemodialysis equipment.

Before the self-checking stage is executed, the first liquid storage bag is used for storing a certain volume of disinfectant, the arterial puncture needle is inserted into the first liquid storage bag, the arterial puncture needle is operated through a blood pump arranged on an arterial circuit, driving force is provided for the arterial circuit when the blood pump is operated, so that the arterial puncture needle is connected with the disinfectant, the disinfectant sequentially passes through a blood circuit (wherein the blood circuit comprises the arterial puncture needle, the arterial circuit, a dialyzer, the venous circuit and the venous puncture needle), the disinfectant just can play a role in disinfecting all parts of the blood circuit through the disinfectant, and the disinfectant after the blood circuit is disinfected can be stored through the second liquid storage bag. In the self-checking stage, the speed of the disinfectant output by the venous line can be obtained according to the weight increase rate of the disinfectant stored in the second liquid storage bag; the rate of access of the arterial line to the sanitizing liquid can be obtained from the rate of weight reduction of the sanitizing liquid stored in the first liquid storage bag.

Step S102: and respectively acquiring a first detection temperature and a second detection temperature of the disinfectant in the first liquid storage bag and the second liquid storage bag.

The temperature of the sterilizing liquid in the first liquid storage bag can be periodically sampled to obtain a first detection temperature, and the temperature of the sterilizing liquid in the second liquid storage bag can be periodically sampled to obtain a second detection temperature.

In the self-checking stage, the first liquid storage bag continuously outputs the disinfectant through the arterial puncture needle, and the second liquid storage bag continuously receives the disinfectant through the venous puncture needle; the first detected temperature represents: the temperature of the sterilizing liquid before sterilization; the second detected temperature represents: sterilizing liquid temperature after sterilization.

The first detected temperature is a periodic sampling value, and the second detected temperature is a periodic sampling value.

Optionally, the blood purification apparatus further comprises: a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor; the first temperature sensor is arranged on the first liquid storage bag, and the second temperature sensor is arranged on the second liquid storage bag; the first temperature sensor is used for periodically sampling the temperature of the sterilizing liquid in the first liquid storage bag, for example, the temperature sampling period of the first temperature sensor is as follows: 2S; the second temperature sensor is used for periodically sampling the temperature of the disinfectant in the second liquid storage bag, for example, the temperature sampling period of the second temperature sensor is as follows: 2S.

Step S103: and when the absolute value of the temperature difference between the first detection temperature and the second detection temperature is smaller than or equal to the preset temperature value, activating the second heater.

It should be noted that if the first heater is activated, the second heater is not activated; if the second heater is activated, the first heater is not activated; the activated heater can heat, and the non-activated heater does not heat; the first heater is capable of heating when the first heater is activated; the second heater is capable of heating when the second heater is activated.

If the first heater is activated, the liquid in the venous line (the liquid in the venous line is blood in the hemodialysis stage, and the liquid in the venous line is disinfectant in the self-test stage) is heated by the first heater; when the second heater is activated, the liquid in the dialysate inlet line (the liquid in the dialysate inlet line is dialysate in the hemodialysis stage, and the liquid in the dialysate inlet line is disinfectant in the self-test stage) is heated by the second heater.

Specifically, the absolute value of the temperature difference value = | the first detection temperature-the second detection temperature| represents the variation degree of the temperature of the disinfectant caused by the disinfectant after passing through the blood circuit; generally, the longer the fluid flow path of the blood circuit, the greater the degree of variation in the temperature of the sterilizing fluid caused by the sterilizing fluid passing through the blood circuit, irrespective of the sterilizing fluid flow rate of the blood circuit. The shorter the liquid flow path of the blood circuit, the less the degree of variation in the temperature of the sterilizing liquid caused by the passage of the sterilizing liquid through the blood circuit.

The preset temperature value is used for measuring whether the change degree of the temperature of the disinfectant is too large; this embodiment divides two cases: in the first case, if the absolute value of the temperature difference is greater than the preset temperature value, the degree of change of the temperature of the disinfectant after passing through the blood circuit is too great; in the second case, the absolute value of the temperature difference is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, which indicates that the temperature of the disinfectant after passing through the blood circuit has small change degree.

In the first case, the first heater needs to be activated, and the blood in the venous line is heated by the first heater during the hemodialysis session because the liquid flow path of the blood circuit is too long, and the whole blood needs to be heated by the first heater before the venous line returns the blood to the vein of the patient, so as to prevent the temperature of the blood returned to the patient from being too low; the heating mode directly heats the blood of the vein pipeline, the heating efficiency is high, but the heated blood is directly returned to the vein of the patient, so that the heating temperature needs to be set to a proper temperature, and the heating temperature of the first heater is too high or too low, so that the safety of the blood purification treatment of the patient can be damaged.

In the second case, the second heater needs to be activated, and in the hemodialysis stage, the dialysate in the dialysate input pipeline is heated by the second heater, because the liquid flow path of the blood circuit is very short, the blood in the venous pipeline does not need to be directly heated, only the heated dialysate is output into the dialyzer, the blood and the heated dialysate exchange substances in the dialyzer, and part of heat can be transferred into the blood when the substances of the heated dialysate exchange substances, so that the heating effect on the blood in the blood circuit can be achieved, and the blood flow safety of the blood circuit is ensured; the heating mode directly heats the dialysate in the dialysate input pipeline, which is equivalent to indirectly heating the blood in the blood circuit, and the heating mode heats the blood in the blood circuit through a heat transfer mode, so that the blood heating safety of the blood circuit can be ensured, and the blood temperature of the blood circuit is prevented from rising too high or rising too fast; but this heating is too slow for the heating of the blood in the blood circuit.

Judging whether the heating mode of the hemodialysis equipment is selected to be the first condition or the second condition according to the relative magnitude relation between the absolute value of the temperature difference and the preset temperature value, and setting the heating mode in the hemodialysis stage in the self-checking stage, so that the blood temperature of a patient is ensured to be in a safe state in the hemodialysis treatment process, and the heating fault of the blood of a blood circuit in the hemodialysis stage is avoided; therefore, the heating mode of the hemodialysis equipment can be scientifically selected in the self-checking stage of the hemodialysis equipment, and the application range and compatibility of the self-checking method of the hemodialysis equipment are improved.

In some embodiments, the method may further comprise:

step S104: and pinching off the waste liquid output pipeline and the first liquid inlet pipe, and opening the dialysate input pipeline and the first liquid outlet pipe.

Specifically, the hemodialysis apparatus further includes: the first flow stopping clamp, the second flow stopping clamp, the third flow stopping clamp and the fourth flow stopping clamp; the first flow stopping clamp is arranged on the waste liquid output pipeline, the second flow stopping clamp is arranged on the dialysate input pipeline, the third flow stopping clamp is arranged on the first liquid inlet pipe, and the fourth flow stopping clamp is arranged on the first liquid outlet pipe; the waste liquid output pipeline is clamped off through the first flow stopping clamp, the first liquid inlet pipe is clamped off through the third flow stopping clamp, and the waste liquid output pipeline and the first liquid inlet pipe cannot transmit liquid; the dialysate input pipeline is opened through the second flow stopping clamp, the first liquid outlet pipe is opened through the fourth flow stopping clamp, and the dialysate input pipeline and the first liquid outlet pipe can be used for conveying liquid.

Step S105: a first detected flow of the sterilizing fluid of the dialysate input line is detected.

Step S106: and detecting the liquid storage volume of the dialysis side of the balance cavity when the first detection flow is in a preset safety flow range.

Step S107: and detecting whether the first liquid outlet pipe is provided with liquid or not when the liquid storage volume of the dialysis side of the balance cavity is larger than a preset volume.

Specifically, according to the related description of the hemodialysis principle, in the self-checking stage, the arterial pipeline outputs the sterilizing liquid into the dialyzer, and molecular substances of the sterilizing liquid can permeate into the dialyzing liquid input pipeline through the semipermeable membrane due to the water pressure gradient on the inner side and the outer side of the hollow fiber; wherein the flow rate of the disinfectant in the dialysate input pipeline is the rate of the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer to permeate and output the disinfectant; the greater the rate at which the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer permeates the output sterilizing fluid, the greater the first detected flow rate; wherein the rate of permeation of the semipermeable membrane out of the disinfectant is: under the action of the water pressure gradient, the molecular substances of the disinfectant pass through the flow rate of the semipermeable membrane.

For better illustration of the present embodiment, fig. 5 shows a schematic structure of a balancing chamber, in the middle of which an intermediate membrane is provided, which separates the chamber of the balancing chamber into a dialysis side and a waste side; the middle diaphragm has elasticity, and the effect of balanced chamber is: ensuring that the liquid intake amounts on both the dialysis side of the balancing chamber and the waste side of the balancing chamber remain balanced, wherein "balanced" means that: the balance chamber is in hemodialysis stage, and the liquid intake amounts on both the dialysis side of the balance chamber and the waste side of the balance chamber are completely equal or substantially equal. In the hemodialysis stage, the dialysis side of the balance cavity is connected with the dialysate through a first liquid inlet pipe, and the dialysis side of the balance cavity outputs the dialysate to a dialysate input end of the dialyzer through a dialysate input pipeline; the waste liquid side of balance chamber passes through the waste liquid that the dialyser produced of waste liquid output pipeline access, the waste liquid side of balance chamber passes through first drain pipe output waste liquid, utilizes the elasticity extrusion effect of the middle diaphragm of balance chamber, and the dialysis side of balance chamber and the waste liquid side of balance chamber are both inserted liquid respectively in proper order, and the liquid storage volume of the dialysis side of balance chamber and the waste liquid side of balance chamber are equal, just so can ensure that the dialyser can keep balance at the volume of the dialyser of access in unit time and the volume of the waste liquid that the dialyser was exported in unit time both, and then ensure that the patient can maintain the body fluid equilibrium in hemodialysis stage.

Specifically, when the first detected flow is in a preset safe flow range, the speed of the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer for permeating and outputting the sterilizing liquid is in a normal state, and the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer is in a normal liquid permeation state; when the first detection flow is not in the preset safety flow range, the speed of the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer for permeating and outputting the sterilizing liquid is too high or too low, the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer is physically damaged, a fault prompt signal is sent out at the moment, and a user can immediately process the physical damage fault of the dialyzer as soon as noticing the fault prompt signal.

Optionally, the preset safe flow range is: 1ml/min-3ml/min, the liquid storage volume of the dialysis side of the balancing chamber is detected when the first detection flow is located at 1ml/min-3 ml/min.

The circulating disinfection solution exists in the blood loop, the dialyzer can continuously generate waste liquid, the dialysis solution input pipeline outputs the disinfection solution permeated by the semipermeable membrane to the dialysis side of the balance cavity, and the disinfection solution permeated by the semipermeable membrane is stored through the dialysis side of the balance cavity; the liquid storage volume on the dialysis side of the balancing chamber represents the total volume of sterilizing liquid stored on the dialysis side of the balancing chamber; when the liquid storage volume of the dialysis side of the balance chamber is greater than the preset volume, it is indicated that the liquid storage volume of the dialysis side of the balance chamber is already very sufficient, the liquid pressure of the dialysis side of the balance chamber will be significantly greater than the pressure of the waste liquid side of the balance chamber, the middle membrane of the balance chamber will deform toward the waste liquid side, and if detected: if the first liquid outlet pipe is provided with liquid, judging that the middle diaphragm of the balance cavity is damaged to cause liquid leakage; if it is detected that: and if the first liquid outlet pipe does not contain liquid, judging that the middle diaphragm of the balance cavity is not damaged.

Therefore, when the dialysis sides of the dialysis fluid input pipeline and the balance cavity are respectively disinfected by the disinfectant, whether the semipermeable membrane of the balance cavity is damaged or not can be judged, and the comprehensive self-checking process of the balance cavity is completed.

In some embodiments, the method may further comprise:

step S108: and detecting a second detection flow rate of the sterilizing liquid of the arterial line.

Step S109: and determining the preset safe flow range according to the second detection flow.

Specifically, there is a correlation between the preset safe flow range of the dialysate input line and the flow of the sterilizing fluid of the arterial line, wherein the second detected flow represents: the arterial line outputs the flow of the sterilizing liquid to the blood input end of the dialyzer; the arterial pipeline outputs the disinfectant into the dialyzer, and the disinfectant is permeated and output under the action of the water pressure gradient through the semipermeable membrane.

Optionally, the preset safe flow range refers to: [ minimum flow value, maximum flow value ]; minimum flow value=first scaling factor×second detected flow, maximum flow value=second scaling factor×second detected flow; both the first and second scaling parameters are related to the chemical nature of the hollow fibers of the dialyzer itself, such as when the semipermeable membrane is made of polyethersulfone, the first scaling parameters may be: 1/10, the second scaling factor may be: 1/4; for example, when the second detected flow rate is: at 10ml/min, the minimum flow value=first ratio coefficient=second detected flow=1/10×10 ml/min=1 ml/min, and the maximum flow value=1/4×10 ml/min=2.5 ml/min; wherein the preset safe flow range is [1ml/min,2.5ml/min ].

In some embodiments, the method may further comprise:

step S110: when the first liquid outlet pipe is detected to be free of liquid, the arterial puncture needle is connected with the venous puncture needle, so that the disinfectant is circularly flushed in a first loop formed by the arterial puncture needle, the arterial pipeline, the dialyzer, the venous pipeline and the venous puncture needle.

Specifically, when it is determined that the liquid storage volume on the dialysis side of the balance chamber is greater than the preset volume, and it is detected that the first liquid outlet pipe is free of liquid, it is determined that: the middle diaphragm of the balance cavity is not damaged; in the case, the first loop is circularly washed, and when the first loop is circularly washed, the disinfectant can be adopted to circularly disinfect all parts of the first loop, so that the circulating disinfection mode can not only save the consumption of the disinfectant, but also can achieve better disinfection effect on all parts of the first loop; the blood can be safely transmitted in the first loop in the later hemodialysis stage, and the self-checking method in the embodiment of the application can carry out more comprehensive disinfection operation on each component of the first loop, so that the hemodialysis treatment safety of a patient is ensured.

Step S111: and conducting the waste liquid output pipeline and the dialyzate input pipeline, and determining that the dialyzate has a blood leakage fault when the absolute value of the difference between the disinfectant flow of the waste liquid output pipeline and the disinfectant flow of the dialyzate input pipeline is greater than or equal to a preset flow value.

Preferably, when the waste liquid output pipeline and the dialysate input pipeline are conducted, the first liquid inlet pipe and the first liquid outlet pipe are conducted, the waste liquid output pipeline is opened through the first flow stopping clamp, the dialysate input pipeline is opened through the second flow stopping clamp, the first liquid inlet pipe is opened through the third flow stopping clamp, the first liquid outlet pipe is opened through the fourth flow stopping clamp, when the disinfectant passes through the inside of the dialyzer, under the action of the water pressure gradient, molecular substances of the disinfectant can permeate into the dialysate input pipeline and the waste liquid output pipeline through the semipermeable membrane, and the disinfectant flow of the waste liquid output pipeline represents: the rate at which molecular substances of the sterilizing liquid permeate through the semipermeable membrane to the waste liquid output pipeline; the flow of the sterilizing fluid through the dialysate inlet line represents: the rate at which molecular species of the sterilizing fluid permeate through the semipermeable membrane to the dialysate inlet line.

In the circulating disinfection mode, when the disinfection solution passes through the interior of the dialyzer, if the hollow fibers are in a normal state, the disinfection solution is uniformly distributed on the hollow fibers, and the disinfection solution flow of the waste liquid output pipeline and the disinfection solution flow of the dialysis solution input pipeline are equal or approximately equal; when the disinfection liquid flow rate of the |waste liquid output pipeline-the disinfection liquid flow rate of the dialysis liquid input pipeline| < the preset flow rate value, the following is described: the disinfectant flow rate of the waste liquid output pipeline and the disinfectant flow rate of the dialysate input pipeline are equal or approximately equal; when the disinfectant flow rate of the |waste liquid output pipeline and the disinfectant flow rate of the dialysis liquid input pipeline are equal to or more than a preset flow rate value, the method is described as follows: the two disinfectant flows of the waste liquid output pipeline and the dialysate input pipeline have great difference degree, and the situation of great difference degree occurs because of the blood leakage fault of the dialyzer; further, when the blood leakage fault of the dialyzer is judged, an acousto-optic fault prompt signal can be sent out, and the blood leakage fault of the dialyzer can be immediately processed as soon as a user notices the acousto-optic fault prompt signal; the embodiment can accurately identify the blood leakage fault of the dialyzer in the self-checking stage, and is beneficial to troubleshooting the dialyzer.

Optionally, the preset flow value may be set according to clinical experience accumulated previously, and there is a correlation between the preset flow value and the model of the dialyzer, and for dialyzers of different models on the market, there is a corresponding preset flow value; for example, if the preset flow value=2 ml/min, |the sterilizing fluid flow rate of the waste liquid output pipeline-the sterilizing fluid flow rate of the dialysate input pipeline is not less than 2ml/min, the blood leakage fault of the dialyzer is judged.

Note that, "a dialyzer fails in blood leakage" means: when the hollow fiber of the dialyzer is damaged and notched, the disinfectant in the dialyzer is output to the waste liquid output pipeline and the dialysate input pipeline through the notch. This can seriously impair the safety of the patient's blood purification treatment if the dialyzer fails in case of a blood leak during the hemodialysis phase.

When the first loop is circularly washed, judging whether the dialyzer has a blood leakage fault, wherein molecular substances of the sterilizing liquid in the first loop can permeate into a dialyzate input pipeline and a waste liquid output pipeline through a semipermeable membrane in the process of circularly washing the first loop, so that the residual total amount of the sterilizing liquid in the first loop is smaller and smaller; thus, there is an implicit condition for the embodiments of the present application: when the disinfectant is circularly washed in the first loop, the residual total amount of the disinfectant in the first loop is sufficient; if the remaining total amount of the disinfectant in the first loop is smaller than the preset safe total amount, the fact that the remaining total amount of the disinfectant in the first loop is insufficient is indicated, and execution of the embodiment of the application is stopped.

In some embodiments, the method may further comprise:

step S112: and when the flow of the disinfectant in the first loop is smaller than a safe flow value, a first fault prompt signal is sent out.

When the disinfectant is circularly flushed in a first loop formed by the arterial puncture needle, the arterial pipeline, the dialyzer, the venous pipeline and the venous puncture needle, detecting the flow of the disinfectant in the first loop, and when the flow of the disinfectant in the first loop is smaller than a safe flow value, sending out a first fault prompting signal.

Specifically, in combination with the above, when the disinfection solution is adopted to circularly flush the first loop, molecular substances of the disinfection solution can permeate into the dialysis solution input pipeline and the waste liquid output pipeline through the semipermeable membrane when the disinfection solution flows through the dialyzer, so that the residual total amount of the disinfection solution in the first loop is smaller and smaller; the safe flow value represents an alert value for the remaining total amount of sterilizing fluid in the first circuit, when the flow of sterilizing fluid in the first circuit is less than the safe flow value, which indicates: the residual total amount of the disinfectant in the first loop is too small, and the user notices the first fault prompt signal and immediately removes the flow fault of the disinfectant in the first loop, so that the disinfectant in the first loop can play a role in disinfection in the cyclic flushing process.

It should be noted that the safe flow value may be a value obtained after a plurality of technical experiments, for example, the safe flow value is 3ml/min, when the flow of the disinfectant in the first loop is not less than 3ml/min, the remaining total amount of the disinfectant in the first loop is sufficient, and the disinfectant is adopted to circularly wash the first loop, so that the disinfectant has an optimal disinfection effect.

In some embodiments, the method may further comprise:

step S113: and when the absolute value of the difference between the disinfectant flow of the waste liquid output pipeline and the disinfectant flow of the dialysate input pipeline is smaller than the preset flow value, detecting the first pipe diameter of the arterial pipeline and the second pipe diameter of the venous pipeline respectively.

Step S114: and when the first pipe diameter is larger than the second pipe diameter, periodically sampling and recording the liquid pressure of the arterial pipeline, and setting the safety pressure range of the dialyzer according to the recorded liquid pressure of the arterial pipeline.

Step S115: and when the first pipe diameter is smaller than or equal to the second pipe diameter, periodically sampling and recording the liquid pressure of the venous pipeline, and setting the safety pressure range of the dialyzer according to the recorded liquid pressure of the venous pipeline.

The absolute value of the difference between the disinfectant flow rate of the waste liquid output pipeline and the disinfectant flow rate of the dialysis liquid input pipeline is smaller than the preset flow rate value, and it can be determined that the dialyzer has no blood leakage fault.

Specifically, in the self-checking stage, the arterial pipeline outputs the disinfectant to the inside of the dialyzer, the dialyzer outputs the disinfectant to the venous pipeline, and the disinfectant in the dialyzer has liquid pressure, wherein the liquid pressure of the dialyzer influences the permeation efficiency of the disinfectant on the semipermeable membrane; the smaller the liquid pressure of the dialyzer, the smaller the permeation efficiency of the sterilizing liquid on the semipermeable membrane; the greater the liquid pressure of the dialyzer, the greater the permeation efficiency of the sterilizing liquid on the semipermeable membrane; however, when the liquid pressure of the dialyzer is too high (for example, the liquid pressure of the dialyzer exceeds the maximum pressure limit value of the semipermeable membrane), the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer can cause membrane rupture failure due to the too high liquid pressure, and once the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer breaks, the dialyzer can cause blood leakage failure, which is one of the reasons for the blood leakage failure of the dialyzer.

It should be noted that the liquid pressure of the dialyzer may be divided into: pressure in the membrane and pressure outside the membrane; in this embodiment, the fluid pressure of the dialyzer is: intra-membrane pressure, wherein intra-membrane pressure means: the pressure of the sterilizing liquid after the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer is connected with the sterilizing liquid.

If it is judged that the dialyzer has no blood leakage fault, when the first pipe diameter is larger than the second pipe diameter, the maximum limit value of the pressure born by the arterial pipeline is larger than the maximum limit value of the pressure born by the venous pipeline, the liquid pressure of the arterial pipeline is representative, and the liquid pressure of the arterial pipeline is used as the liquid pressure of the dialyzer.

When the first pipe diameter is smaller than or equal to the second pipe diameter, the maximum limit value of the pressure born by the arterial pipeline is smaller than or equal to the maximum limit value of the pressure born by the venous pipeline, the liquid pressure of the venous pipeline is representative, and the liquid pressure of the venous pipeline is taken as the liquid pressure of the dialyzer.

In the self-checking stage, the liquid pressure of the arterial line or the liquid pressure of the venous line is continuously recorded, and a safe pressure range of the dialyzer can be formed according to the liquid pressure obtained by continuous recording, wherein the value in the safe pressure range of the dialyzer represents the safe variation value of the liquid pressure of the dialyzer.

For example, when the first pipe diameter is smaller than or equal to the second pipe diameter, after the liquid pressure of the venous pipeline is sampled for 10 times continuously, the liquid pressure of the venous pipeline is as follows in sequence: 800mmHg (millimeter Hg), 850mmHg, 930mmHg, 1100mmHg, 940mmHg, 910mmHg, 880mmHg, 820mmHg, 800mmHg, 790mmHg;790mmHg is the minimum of 10 values, 1100mmHg is the maximum of 10 values; the safe pressure range for the dialyzer is: 790mmHg-1100mmHg.

Only when the liquid pressure of the dialyzer is in the safe pressure range of the dialyzer, the liquid pressure of the dialysate is not too great, and the liquid pressure of the dialysate does not result in: the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer has membrane rupture failure.

If the fluid pressure of the dialyzer is not within the safe pressure range of the dialyzer, the fluid pressure of the dialysate is too high, which may result in: the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer has membrane rupture failure.

The embodiment is equivalent to setting the safe pressure range of the dialyzer in advance in the self-checking stage, and provides a data theory basis for the safe operation of the dialyzer in the next hemodialysis stage. For example, in the hemodialysis stage, only the blood pressure of the dialyzer needs to be controlled within the safe pressure range of the dialyzer, so that the prevention of the blood pressure is realized: the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer has a membrane rupture failure, so that the hemodialysis treatment safety of a patient is improved.

It should be noted that the steps of the embodiments of the present application are performed under the condition that "the dialyzer is not experiencing a bleeding fault" because the safe pressure range of the dialyzer represents: a safety value of the fluid pressure of the dialyzer when the dialyzer does not have a bleeding fault; the regular sampling of the arterial line fluid pressure or the venous line fluid pressure is under the condition that the dialyzer is not in a blood leakage failure. Otherwise, when the dialyzer fails in blood leakage, the detected fluid pressure in the arterial line or the venous line does not belong to the safety value of the fluid pressure of the dialyzer, which also does not set the safety pressure range of the dialyzer.

In some embodiments, the method may further comprise:

step S116: and detecting a second detection flow rate of the sterilizing liquid of the arterial line.

Step S117: and determining a ratio between the first detected flow and the second detected flow, and displaying the ratio on a display screen of the hemodialysis device.

The second detected flow represents: the arterial line outputs the flow of the disinfectant to the dialyzer; the flow of the sterilizing fluid in the arterial line can be sampled periodically. The first detected flow represents: the flow rate of the disinfectant in the dialyzer penetrating to the dialysate input pipeline through the semipermeable membrane; determining and displaying the ratio between the first detection flow and the second detection flow, wherein a user can see the ratio, and whether the semipermeable membrane of the disinfecting liquid in the dialyzer is in a normal permeation state or not can be obtained according to the ratio; for example, when the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer fails, the ratio between the first and second detected flows may be equal to or close to a predetermined value, and the ratio between the first and second detected flows may fluctuate within a small range.

If the ratio between the first detected flow rate and the second detected flow rate fluctuates greatly, or the ratio between the first detected flow rate and the second detected flow rate is not in the normal range, this means that: the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer fails, such as the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer is broken or the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer is blocked, etc.

The present embodiment can be used as one of the important judging indexes of whether the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer is faulty or not by displaying the ratio between the first detected flow and the second detected flow.

In some embodiments, the method may further comprise:

step S118: when it is detected that no liquid is present in the first outlet pipe, a first pressure detection value of the liquid on the dialysis side of the balancing chamber is detected.

Specifically, when the first drain pipe does not have liquid, it is judged that the middle diaphragm of the balance cavity is not damaged, a first pressure detection value is obtained by detecting the pressure of the liquid on the dialysis side of the balance cavity, and the first pressure detection value represents: when the volume of liquid stored on the dialysis side of the balancing chamber is already very sufficient, the liquid pressure on the dialysis side of the balancing chamber is equalized.

Step S119: and pinching off the dialysate input pipeline and the first liquid outlet pipe, and opening the waste liquid output pipeline and the first liquid inlet pipe.

Step S120: and detecting a third detection flow of the disinfectant of the waste liquid output pipeline.

Step S121: and when the third detection flow is in the preset safe flow range, detecting the liquid storage volume of the waste liquid side of the balance cavity.

Step S122: and detecting whether the first liquid inlet pipe is provided with liquid or not when the liquid storage volume of the waste liquid side of the balance cavity is larger than the preset volume.

Step S123: and when detecting that the first liquid inlet pipe does not contain liquid, detecting a second pressure detection value of the liquid on the waste liquid side of the balance cavity.

It should be noted that, since the embodiments of the present application are similar to the embodiments of steps S104 to S107 and S118 described above, reference may be made to the embodiments of steps S104 to S107 and S118 for the embodiments of S119 to S123, and the detailed description of the embodiments of S119 to S123 will not be repeated here.

Through the mode, double verification can be carried out on whether the middle membrane of the balance cavity is damaged or not, and judgment errors on whether the middle membrane of the balance cavity is damaged or not are eliminated.

Step S124: determining whether the balancing cavity has liquid balancing performance according to a pressure difference value between the first pressure detection value and the second pressure detection value.

Specifically, the first pressure detection value represents: balancing the liquid pressure on the dialysis side of the chamber; the second pressure detection value represents: balancing the liquid pressure of the waste side of the chamber; if the balance chamber has the liquid balance performance, when the two sides of the dialysis side of the balance chamber and the waste liquid side of the balance chamber alternately output the liquid, the pressure when the dialysis side of the balance chamber outputs the liquid (namely, the first pressure detection value) is equal to or approximately equal to the pressure when the waste liquid side of the balance chamber outputs the liquid (namely, the second pressure detection value); and therefore, when the pressure difference between the first pressure detection value and the second pressure detection value is within the pressure error range allowed by the user, judging that the balance cavity has liquid balance performance. When the pressure difference between the first pressure detection value and the second pressure detection value is not within the pressure error range allowed by the user, it is judged that the balance cavity does not have the liquid balance performance, and the reason why the balance cavity does not have the liquid balance performance is generally as follows: the elastic failure of the middle membrane of the balancing chamber results in a large difference between the elastic deformation force of the middle membrane of the balancing chamber on the dialysis side and the elastic deformation force on the waste side.

In the embodiment, S104 and S119 are sequentially executed in the self-checking stage, so that the dialysis side of the balance cavity is connected with the disinfection solution which is permeated and output by the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer, and the waste liquid side of the balance cavity is connected with the disinfection solution which is permeated and output by the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer; the process of "S104 and S119" simulates: during the hemodialysis phase, both the dialysis side of the balancing chamber and the waste side of the balancing chamber alternate the process of transporting blood. The pressure difference between the first pressure detection value and the second pressure detection value can be truly simulated: the deformation difference generated by the middle membrane of the balance cavity when the two sides of the dialysis side of the balance cavity and the waste liquid side of the balance cavity are stressed respectively; and judging whether the balance cavity has liquid balance performance according to the pressure difference between the first pressure detection value and the second pressure detection value so as to complete the comprehensive self-checking function of the balance cavity.

Optionally, judging whether the balance cavity has liquid balance performance according to a pressure difference value between the first pressure detection value and the second pressure detection value; the method comprises the following steps: the first pressure detection value is less than or equal to the second pressure detection value, and the balance cavity is judged to have liquid balance performance; the first pressure detection value-the second pressure detection value > the first preset pressure value, and judging that the balance cavity does not have liquid balance performance; wherein the first preset pressure value may be a value set according to previously accumulated clinical experience, such as first preset pressure value = 50mmHg.

It should be noted that "whether the balance chamber has liquid balance performance in S124" and "whether the middle diaphragm of the balance chamber is broken in S107" are two completely different technical problems. The technical problem of whether the balance cavity has liquid balance performance is to evaluate: whether the elastic deformation forces generated on both sides of the middle diaphragm of the balancing cavity are balanced or not. The technical problem of whether the middle membrane of the balance cavity is damaged or not is to evaluate that the middle membrane of the balance cavity is physically damaged (such as damage, cracks and the like on the middle membrane).

Therefore, the embodiment can carry out self-inspection on the balance cavity of the hemodialysis equipment from multiple dimensions, and timely find out the fault problem of the balance cavity; and then the equilibrium chamber can normally transmit dialysate and waste liquid in the hemodialysis stage, so that the flow safety of liquid in the blood circuit is ensured.

In some embodiments, the method may further comprise:

step S125: detecting a liquid weight reduction rate of the first liquid storage bag and a liquid weight increase rate of the second liquid storage bag.

Step S126: and determining that the hemodialysis equipment has a liquid leakage fault when the absolute value of the difference between the liquid weight reduction rate and the liquid weight increase rate is greater than a preset weight change rate.

In the self-checking stage, when the arterial puncture needle is inserted into a first liquid storage bag containing disinfectant, the venous puncture needle is inserted into a second liquid storage bag, the liquid weight reduction rate of the first liquid storage bag is detected, and the liquid weight increase rate of the second liquid storage bag is detected. And judging that the hemodialysis equipment has liquid leakage faults when the liquid weight reduction rate-liquid weight increase rate is greater than the preset weight change rate.

The liquid weight reduction rate of the first liquid storage bag represents: the total amount of sterilizing liquid output to the blood circuit per unit time by the first liquid storage bag, and the liquid weight increase rate of the second liquid storage bag represents: the second liquid storage bag receives the total amount of the disinfectant output by the blood circuit in unit time; when the disinfectant flows in the blood circuit, molecular substances of the disinfectant permeate into the waste liquid output pipeline and the dialysate input pipeline through the semipermeable membrane in the dialyser, and the semipermeable membrane has a permeation effect on the molecular substances of the disinfectant, so that the liquid weight increase rate of the second liquid storage bag is smaller than the liquid weight decrease rate of the first liquid storage bag. If the hemodialysis apparatus does not have a leakage failure, only in that "the semipermeable membrane has a permeation effect on the molecular substances of the disinfectant", the |liquid weight reduction rate-liquid weight increase rate| is less than or equal to the preset weight change rate, that is: the reduction in disinfectant through the blood circuit may be in the range intended by the user.

If the hemodialysis apparatus fails in a leakage condition, the components of the blood circuit cause leakage of the sterilizing liquid, and the liquid weight decrease rate-liquid weight increase rate is greater than the preset weight change rate, that is: the passage through the blood circuit results in a reduction in sterilizing fluid beyond what is expected by the user.

Further, when it is judged that the hemodialysis equipment has a leakage fault, an audible and visual alarm signal can be sent out, and the user can immediately process the leakage fault of the hemodialysis equipment as soon as noticing the audible and visual alarm signal, so that the operation safety of the hemodialysis equipment can be ensured.

Note that, the occurrence of the leakage failure in the hemodialysis apparatus means: the components of the blood circuit are damaged, so that the disinfectant in the blood circuit leaks to the outside; wherein the hemodialysis machine has a leak failure including a dialyzer having a leak failure. For example, when it is determined that the blood dialysis apparatus has a leakage failure, the reasons for the leakage failure include: the dialyzer may have a blood leakage failure, a broken arterial line failure, a broken venous line failure, or the like.

In some embodiments, the method may further comprise:

Step S127: and when the first detection temperature is greater than the safety temperature value, a second fault prompting signal is sent out.

Specifically, the first detected temperature represents: the temperature of the blood circuit connected with the disinfectant; the safe temperature value represents: the highest safe temperature of the disinfectant can achieve the disinfection effect in the blood loop through the disinfectant only when the first detection temperature is less than or equal to the safe temperature value; if the first detected temperature is greater than the safe temperature value, the high temperature may impair the disinfection activity of the disinfection solution, and the high temperature disinfection solution may also cause physical damage to the tube wall of the blood circuit.

The second fault alert signal is immediately processed when the user notices that: the high temperature failure of the disinfectant ensures the flow safety of the disinfectant in the blood circuit.

Alternatively, the safe temperature value may be 60 ℃; the safe temperature value can be obtained after a plurality of tests according to the chemical characteristics of the disinfectant.

In some embodiments, the method may further comprise:

step S128: and respectively drawing a first change curve of the first detection temperature along with time and a second change curve of the second detection temperature along with time, and displaying the first change curve and the second change curve on a display screen of the hemodialysis equipment.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the user can directly see the first change curve and the second change curve, and in the self-checking stage, the user can know at any time: a change in the temperature of the sterilizing liquid in the first liquid storage bag and a change in the temperature of the sterilizing liquid in the second liquid storage bag; the user can comprehensively monitor the temperature change condition of the disinfectant flowing through the blood circuit.

In some embodiments, step S101, before the hemodialysis apparatus enters the self-test phase, may further include:

step S129: when it is detected that the hemodialysis machine has completed the tubing, the dialyzer is weighed to obtain a first detected weight.

Specifically, the first detected weight belongs to the weight of the dialyzer before entering the self-test stage, and before entering the self-test stage, the dialyzer is not connected with the disinfectant, and the first detected weight is as follows: weight of dialyzer in dry state.

The method may further comprise:

step S130: and in the self-checking stage, weighing the dialyzer to obtain a second detection weight.

The second detected weight belongs to the weight of the dialyzer when the self-checking stage is executed, and the blood circuit is connected with the disinfectant in the self-checking stage, and the dialyzer is connected with the disinfectant in the self-checking stage; the second weight measurement is: the weight of the dialyzer under the access to the sterilizing fluid.

Step S131: recording the absolute value of the weight difference between the first detected weight and the second detected weight, and displaying a third change curve of the absolute value of the weight difference with time on a display screen of the hemodialysis equipment.

Step S132: and determining whether the dialyzer has a liquid flow failure according to the third change curve.

Specifically, when the dialyzer does not have a liquid flow failure in the self-test stage, the sterilizing liquid is subjected to normal substance permeation in the dialyzer, so that the second test weight can be kept unchanged or the second test weight can fluctuate within a tiny range; absolute value of weight difference= | first detected weight-second detected weight|, wherein absolute value of weight difference represents: the weight of the disinfectant in the dialyser in the self-checking stage; in the self-checking stage, if the dialyzer does not have liquid flow failure, the third change curve is a straight line, or the third change curve fluctuates within a preset fluctuation range; as shown in fig. 7.

In the self-checking stage, if the dialyzer has liquid flow faults, the absolute value of the weight difference value can be fluctuated severely, and the third change curve can be fluctuated severely; as shown in fig. 8; for example, when the shell of the dialyzer is cracked and damaged, the disinfectant in the dialyzer leaks, the total amount of disinfectant stored in the dialyzer is reduced, the weight of the disinfectant in the dialyzer is suddenly reduced, and the third change curve is severely fluctuated in a short time; according to the severe fluctuation condition of the third change curve, the liquid flow state of the dialyzer can be judged, and the user can immediately treat the liquid flow failure of the dialyzer.

The liquid flow failure of the dialyzer includes: the shell of the dialyzer is cracked and broken, and the inside of the dialyzer is blocked, etc.

And judging whether the dialyzer has liquid flow faults according to the third change curve so as to complete the self-checking process of the dialyzer.

It should be noted that, the sequence numbers of the steps (e.g. S101, S102 and …) are merely used to refer to the steps, and are not meant to indicate that the steps in the embodiment are executed according to the sequence of the sequence numbers, and the steps in the embodiment are executed according to the logic sequence of the technical scheme.

The present application also provides a hemodialysis apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a vein puncture needle, an artery pipeline, a vein pipeline, a dialysate input pipeline, a waste liquid output pipeline, a dialyzer, a balance cavity, a first liquid inlet pipe, a first liquid outlet pipe, a first heater and a second heater; an intermediate membrane is arranged in the middle of the cavity of the balance cavity, and divides the cavity of the balance cavity into a dialysis side and a waste liquid side; the first end of the arterial pipeline is provided with the arterial puncture needle, the second end of the arterial pipeline is connected with the blood input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the venous pipeline is provided with the venous puncture needle, the second end of the venous pipeline is connected with the blood output end of the dialyzer, the first end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the dialysis side outlet of the balancing cavity, the second end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the dialysate input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the waste liquid side inlet of the balancing cavity, the second end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the waste liquid output end of the dialyzer, the first inlet pipe is connected with the dialysis side inlet of the balancing cavity, the first heater is arranged on the venous pipeline, and the second heater is arranged on the dialysate input pipeline.

The hemodialysis apparatus further includes: the device comprises a memory for storing a computer program and a processor for executing the computer program and for implementing the self-checking method of the hemodialysis apparatus as described in any one of the above when executing the computer program. For detailed descriptions of the related contents, please refer to the related contents of the above method, and the detailed descriptions are omitted herein.

The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement a self-test method of a hemodialysis apparatus as described in any one of the above. For detailed descriptions of the related contents, please refer to the related contents of the above method, and the detailed descriptions are omitted herein.

The computer readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the hemodialysis apparatus, such as a hard disk or a memory. The computer readable storage medium may also be an external storage device such as a equipped plug-in hard disk, smart memory card, secure digital card, flash memory card, etc.

It is to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.

While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of equivalents may be made and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A self-test method of a hemodialysis apparatus, the hemodialysis apparatus comprising: the device comprises a vein puncture needle, an artery pipeline, a vein pipeline, a dialysate input pipeline, a waste liquid output pipeline, a dialyzer, a balance cavity, a first liquid inlet pipe, a first liquid outlet pipe, a first heater and a second heater; an intermediate membrane is arranged in the middle of the cavity of the balance cavity, and divides the cavity of the balance cavity into a dialysis side and a waste liquid side; the first end of the arterial pipeline is provided with the arterial puncture needle, the second end of the arterial pipeline is connected with the blood input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the venous pipeline is provided with the venous puncture needle, the second end of the venous pipeline is connected with the blood output end of the dialyzer, the first end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the outlet of the dialysis side of the balancing cavity, the second end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the dialysate input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the inlet of the waste liquid side of the balancing cavity, the second end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the waste liquid output end of the dialyzer, the first inlet pipe is connected with the inlet of the dialysis side of the balancing cavity, the first heater is arranged on the venous pipeline, and the second heater is arranged on the dialysate input pipeline. The method comprises the following steps:

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

pinching off the waste liquid output pipeline and the first liquid inlet pipe, and opening the dialysate input pipeline and the first liquid outlet pipe;

detecting a first detected flow rate of the sterilizing liquid in the dialysate input line;

When the first detection flow is in a preset safety flow range, detecting the liquid storage volume of the dialysis side of the balance cavity;

and detecting whether the first liquid outlet pipe is provided with liquid or not when the liquid storage volume of the dialysis side of the balance cavity is larger than a preset volume.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises:

when the first liquid outlet pipe is detected to be free of liquid, the arterial puncture needle is connected with the venous puncture needle, so that the disinfectant is circularly flushed in a first loop formed by the arterial puncture needle, the arterial pipeline, the dialyzer, the venous pipeline and the venous puncture needle;

the waste liquid output pipeline is communicated with the dialysate input pipeline;

and determining that the dialyzer has a blood leakage fault when the absolute value of the difference between the disinfectant flow of the waste liquid output pipeline and the disinfectant flow of the dialysate input pipeline is greater than or equal to a preset flow value.

4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:

when the absolute value of the difference between the disinfectant flow of the waste liquid output pipeline and the disinfectant flow of the dialysate input pipeline is smaller than the preset flow value, respectively detecting a first pipe diameter of the arterial pipeline and a second pipe diameter of the venous pipeline;

When the first pipe diameter is larger than the second pipe diameter, periodically sampling and recording the liquid pressure of the arterial pipeline, and setting the safety pressure range of the dialyzer according to the recorded liquid pressure of the arterial pipeline;

and when the first pipe diameter is smaller than or equal to the second pipe diameter, periodically sampling and recording the liquid pressure of the venous pipeline, and setting the safety pressure range of the dialyzer according to the recorded liquid pressure of the venous pipeline.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises:

detecting a second detected flow rate of the sterilizing fluid of the arterial line;

determining a ratio between the first detected flow and the second detected flow, and displaying the ratio on a display screen of the hemodialysis machine;

and determining the preset safe flow range according to the second detection flow.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises:

detecting a first pressure detection value of the liquid on the dialysis side of the balancing chamber when the first liquid outlet pipe is detected to be free of the liquid;

pinching off the dialysate input line and the first outlet line, and opening the waste liquid output line and the first inlet line;

Detecting a third detection flow rate of the disinfectant of the waste liquid output pipeline;

when the third detection flow is in the preset safe flow range, detecting the liquid storage volume of the waste liquid side of the balance cavity;

when the liquid storage volume of the waste liquid side of the balance cavity is larger than the preset volume, detecting whether the first liquid inlet pipe is provided with liquid or not;

when the first liquid inlet pipe is detected to be free of liquid, detecting a second pressure detection value of the liquid on the waste liquid side of the balance cavity;

determining whether the balancing cavity has liquid balancing performance according to a pressure difference value between the first pressure detection value and the second pressure detection value.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

detecting a liquid weight reduction rate of the first liquid storage bag and a liquid weight increase rate of the second liquid storage bag;

and determining that the hemodialysis equipment has a liquid leakage fault when the absolute value of the difference between the liquid weight reduction rate and the liquid weight increase rate is greater than a preset weight change rate.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein before the hemodialysis machine enters a self-test phase, further comprising:

When the hemodialysis equipment is detected to be finished in a tubing mode, weighing the dialyzer to obtain a first detection weight;

the method further comprises the steps of:

weighing the dialyzer to obtain a second detection weight in the self-checking stage;

recording the absolute value of the weight difference between the first detected weight and the second detected weight, and displaying a third change curve of the absolute value of the weight difference with time on a display screen of the hemodialysis equipment;

and determining whether the dialyzer has a liquid flow failure according to the third change curve.

9. A hemodialysis apparatus, characterized in that the hemodialysis apparatus comprises: the device comprises a vein puncture needle, an artery pipeline, a vein pipeline, a dialysate input pipeline, a waste liquid output pipeline, a dialyzer, a balance cavity, a first liquid inlet pipe, a first liquid outlet pipe, a first heater and a second heater; an intermediate membrane is arranged in the middle of the cavity of the balance cavity, and divides the cavity of the balance cavity into a dialysis side and a waste liquid side; the first end of the arterial pipeline is provided with the arterial puncture needle, the second end of the arterial pipeline is connected with the blood input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the venous pipeline is provided with the venous puncture needle, the second end of the venous pipeline is connected with the blood output end of the dialyzer, the first end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the outlet of the dialysis side of the balancing cavity, the second end of the dialysate input pipeline is connected with the dialysate input end of the dialyzer, the first end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the inlet of the waste liquid side of the balancing cavity, the second end of the waste liquid output pipeline is connected with the waste liquid output end of the dialyzer, the first inlet pipe is connected with the inlet of the dialysis side of the balancing cavity, the first heater is arranged on the venous pipeline, and the second heater is arranged on the dialysate input pipeline. The hemodialysis apparatus further includes: memory for storing a computer program and a processor for executing the computer program and for implementing a self-test method of a hemodialysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8 when the computer program is executed.

10. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, which when executed by a processor causes the processor to implement a self-test method of a hemodialysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8.