CN117791802A - Active energy type energy recovery battery balance management system and method - Google Patents
Active energy type energy recovery battery balance management system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of new energy, and provides an active energy type energy recovery battery balance management system and method. The system comprises: a super capacitor; a plurality of battery packs, each battery pack having a plurality of batteries connected in series; the first DC-DC module is used for reducing the voltage of the direct current power supply after the conversion of the kinetic energy and transmitting the reduced voltage to the super capacitor; the second DC-DC module is connected with the super capacitor and each battery in the plurality of battery packs respectively; the two charging power supplies are respectively connected with each battery in the plurality of battery packs and the second DC-DC module; the switches are respectively arranged between each battery and the second DC-DC module, between each battery and the charging power supply, between the second DC-DC module and the super capacitor, and between the super capacitor and the first DC-DC module; the slave controllers are respectively used for controlling the switches and form a master-slave device relationship with the master controller; therefore, the invention can lead each battery to be managed uniformly and efficiently, and lead the performance of the battery to be maximized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy, in particular to an active energy type energy recovery battery balance management system and method.
Background
The new energy automobile has the advantages of lower charging cost and no need of frequent maintenance compared with the oil automobiles, so that the new energy automobile is touted by people, and the new energy automobile accords with the world mainstream ideas of environmental protection and energy saving.
However, the energy density of the battery of the new energy automobile is lower than that of gasoline or diesel oil, so that the endurance performance of the battery of the new energy automobile is lower than that of an oil automobile. The cruising of the automobile is increased on the basis of not increasing the density of the battery, and the energy of the running of the automobile needs to be recovered into the battery.
In the prior art, the generation of electric energy by recovering energy is not a continuous process, and if the battery is directly charged for each recovery, the service life of the battery is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides an active energy recovery battery equalization management system and method, so as to solve the problem of battery management in energy recovery in the prior art.
Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part by the practice of the disclosure.
According to an aspect of the present invention, an active energy recovery battery equalization management system is disclosed, the system comprising:
a super capacitor;
the battery packs are connected in series, are connected in parallel and output to supply power for the motor;
the first DC-DC module is used for reducing the voltage of the direct current power supply after kinetic energy conversion and then transmitting the direct current power supply to the super capacitor;
a second DC-DC module connected to the supercapacitor and to each of the plurality of battery packs, for outputting electric power of the battery into the supercapacitor and outputting electric power of the supercapacitor into any one of the batteries;
the two charging power supplies are respectively connected with each battery in the plurality of battery packs and the second DC-DC module;
the switches are respectively arranged between each battery and the second DC-DC module, between each battery and the charging power supply, between the second DC-DC module and the super capacitor, and between the super capacitor and the first DC-DC module;
the slave controllers are respectively used for controlling the on and off of the switch;
and the master controller is connected with the plurality of slave controllers and forms a master-slave device relationship.
Further, the plurality of switches include a plurality of first switches, a plurality of second switches, a plurality of third switches and a plurality of fourth switches, the plurality of first switches are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery, the first switches of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the plurality of batteries in one group are respectively connected with two charging power supplies, the second switches are respectively arranged between the first switches of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the plurality of batteries in the same group and the two charging power supplies, the plurality of third switches are arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second DC-DC module and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the two charging power supplies, and the plurality of fourth switches are arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the super capacitor and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first DC-DC module and the second DC-DC module.
Further, the plurality of slave controllers include a plurality of first slave controllers and a plurality of second slave controllers, the plurality of first slave controllers respectively control two first switches of each battery, and one second slave controller controls four second switches corresponding to each group of battery.
Further, the slave controller is further configured to obtain information of the corresponding battery, where the information includes at least one of a voltage, an output current, an input current, a temperature, and an SOC.
Further, when the slave controller acquires the SOC, the slave controller calculates the used electric quantity of the battery based on the output current and the input current, and calculates the SOC according to the used electric quantity and the rated capacity of the battery.
Further, the master controller is connected with a plurality of slave controllers through WIFI.
Further, the first DC-DC module is a unidirectional voltage drop converter.
Further, the second DC-DC module is a bidirectional transformer.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an active energy recovery battery equalization management method including a system as described above, the method comprising:
based on the slave controllers, the SOC of each battery is estimated in real time and fed back to the master controller;
in charging, based on the SOC of each of the batteries, the master controller communicates a plurality of the slave controllers, turns on the switches of the batteries having the SOC lower than a first threshold value to the super-capacitor, and bypasses the batteries having the SOC higher than a second threshold value so that the batteries having the SOC lower than the first threshold value are charged, or turns on the switches of the batteries having the SOC higher than a third threshold value to the super-capacitor, and bypasses the other batteries so that the batteries having the SOC higher than the third threshold value are discharged to the super-capacitor, or turns on the switches between the batteries having the SOC higher than the fourth threshold value to the batteries having the SOC lower than a fifth threshold value so that the batteries having the SOC higher than the fourth threshold value are charged with the batteries having the SOC lower than the fifth threshold value, and the batteries having the SOC higher than the fourth threshold value are of different battery groups.
The technical scheme of the present disclosure has the following beneficial effects:
the electric energy recovered through braking is stored in the super capacitor and then distributed to the battery by the second DC-DC module to form buffer, so that the loss of the battery is reduced; based on the plurality of switches and the master controller and the slave controller which form the master-slave device, each battery can be managed uniformly and efficiently, and the performance of the battery can be maximized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an active energy recovery battery equalization management system in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary master controller, a first slave controller, and a first switch in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary master controller, second slave controller, second switch in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an exemplary first DC-DC module in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an exemplary second DC-DC module in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of an active energy recovery battery equalization management method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the aspects of the disclosure may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. In other instances, well-known technical solutions have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present disclosure.
Furthermore, the drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities. These functional entities may be implemented in software or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an active energy recovery battery equalization management system, the system including:
a super capacitor 1;
the battery packs 2 are connected in series, and each battery pack 2 is connected in series with a plurality of batteries, and the plurality of battery packs 2 are connected in parallel and then output to supply power for the motor 7;
the first DC-DC module 3 is used for reducing the voltage of the direct current power supply after the conversion of the kinetic energy and transmitting the direct current power supply to the super capacitor 1;
a second DC-DC module 4 connected to the supercapacitor 1 and to each of the plurality of battery packs 2, for outputting electric power of the battery into the supercapacitor 1 and outputting electric power of the supercapacitor 1 into any one of the batteries;
two charging power sources 5, wherein the two charging power sources 5 are respectively connected with each battery in the plurality of battery packs 2 and the second DC-DC module 4;
a plurality of switches respectively provided between each of the batteries and the second DC-DC module 4, between each of the batteries and the charging power source 5, between the second DC-DC module 4 and the supercapacitor 1, and between the supercapacitor 1 and the first DC-DC module 3;
the slave controllers are respectively used for controlling the on and off of the switch;
and the master controller 9 is connected with a plurality of slave controllers and forms a master-slave device relationship.
The plurality of switches include a plurality of first switches 61, a plurality of second switches 62, a plurality of third switches 63, and a plurality of fourth switches 64, the plurality of first switches 61 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery, the first switches 61 of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery in a group are respectively connected to two charging power sources 5, the second switches 62 are respectively arranged between the first switches 61 of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery in the same group and the two charging power sources 5, the plurality of third switches 63 are arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second DC-DC module 4 and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the two charging power sources 5, and the plurality of fourth switches 64 are arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the super capacitor 1 and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first DC-DC module 3 and the second DC-DC module 4.
The plurality of first switches 61, second switches 62, third switches 63 and fourth switches 64 form a topological relation, any battery can be controlled independently, and a selected access circuit or bypass can be selected, so that fine management of the battery can be realized.
In order to realize that each switch can be controlled individually, the slave controllers are divided into two types, including a plurality of first slave controllers 81 and a plurality of second slave controllers 82, the plurality of first slave controllers 81 respectively control the two first switches 61 of each battery, and one second slave controller 82 controls the four second switches 62 corresponding to each group of the battery packs 2. As shown in fig. 2-3, fig. 2 shows a connection manner between the first slave controller 81 and the master controller 9 of the first switch 61 at two ends of the battery, fig. 3 shows a connection manner between the second slave controller 82 and the master controller 9 of the plurality of second switches 62, it should be noted that the master controller 9 may be the same, or may be two master controllers 9 corresponding to the first slave controller 81 and the second slave controller 82 respectively, and similarly, the third switch 63 and the fourth switch 64 may be connected with the same or different controllers by adopting the same control method, and finally be responsible for the vehicle-mounted central processor.
With continued reference to fig. 1, when the battery V11 is low in power and needs to be charged, Q111 and Q114 in the first switch 61, Q211 and Q212 in the second switch 62, Q31 and Q32 in the third switch 63, and Q42 and Q44 in the fourth switch 64 are turned on, and the output of the supercapacitor 1 is reduced in voltage by the second DC-DC module 4 to charge the battery V11. However, when the battery V11 is overcharged and the surplus power needs to be reduced, the second DC-DC module 4 should be a bidirectional transformer, the path is reversed at this time, and the output of the battery V11 is boosted by the second DC-DC module 4 and then charges the supercapacitor 1, so that the surplus power of the battery V11 is released, and balanced management is achieved.
The factory capacity, decay progress of each battery may not be absolutely uniform due to the battery characteristics, there are differences among them, and these differences are amplified as the use time increases. When the batteries are not separately managed, even if the charge time or the discharge time is the same, both batteries may have an overcharge or overdischarge condition, respectively. In the present embodiment, the battery reaching the minimum critical value can be charged alone by the first switch 61, and thus, the battery life can be improved.
The basic circuit schematic diagrams of the first DC-DC module 3 and the second DC-DC module 4 may be shown in fig. 3-4, respectively, where the first DC-DC module 3 is a unidirectional voltage drop converter and the second DC-DC module 4 is a bidirectional voltage transformation converter. In the first DC-DC module 3 of fig. 3, the capacitor C1 plays an input filtering role, the diode D1 and the diode D2 play a primary side demagnetizing role, the MOSFET tube Q1 and the MOSFET tube Q2 are primary side switches, the transformer T1 is a high-frequency pulse transformer, the diodes D3 and D4 constitute a secondary side rectifier and a freewheel diode, and the inductor L2 and the capacitor C2 constitute an output filtering role. In the second DC-DC module 4 of fig. 4, the MOSFET transistor Q3, the MOSFET transistor Q4, the inductor L2, and the capacitor C3 constitute a transformerless bidirectional buck-boost converter, so that the boost or buck is realized by controlling the MOSFET transistor Q3 and the MOSFET transistor Q4. Of course, fig. 3 and 4 are only illustrative examples of the present embodiment, and in fact, the first DC-DC module 3 and the second DC-DC module 4 may take more structures to realize unidirectional or bidirectional transformation conversion.
In an embodiment, the slave controller is further configured to obtain information of the corresponding battery, where the information includes at least one of a voltage, an output current, an input current, a temperature, and an SOC. Specifically, when the slave controller acquires the SOC, the slave controller calculates the used power amount of the battery based on the output current and the input current, and calculates the SOC according to the used power amount and the rated capacity of the battery.
Illustratively, a formula may be calculatedWherein eta is coulombic efficiency, E L The battery current was measured at time I (K) for the battery capacity, ts for the recording time, and K.
As for the input current, the output current, this can be obtained by sampling the ports of the battery, and the temperature can be obtained by a plurality of temperature sensors provided in the battery pack 2.
In one embodiment, the master controller 9 is connected to a plurality of the slave controllers through WIFI.
Specifically, a communication protocol based on TCP/IP or UDP may be used, so that the master controller 9 may send a command to the slave controller and receive feedback, and during communication, a JSON format may be used to perform data transmission, so that the master controller 9 may acquire and process information collected by the slave controller.
Since the master controller 9 and the slave controllers adopt a master-slave relationship, wiring requirements can be reduced and the assembly process of the battery pack 2 can be simplified, so that the application occasions of the battery pack are more flexible. The slave controller can be integrated on a circuit board, and the circuit board and the battery pack 2 can be assembled into a battery module of the existing new energy automobile.
Based on the above embodiment, it can be known that the electric energy recovered by braking is stored in the supercapacitor 1 and then distributed to the battery by the second DC-DC module 4 to form a buffer, so that the loss of the battery is reduced; based on the plurality of switches provided and the master controller 9 and the slave controllers constituting the master-slave device, each battery can be managed uniformly and efficiently, so that the performance of the battery can be maximized.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 6, there is provided an active energy recovery battery equalization management method for use in the above system, the method comprising the steps of S1-S2:
in step S1, based on the slave controller, the SOC of each of the batteries is estimated in real time and fed back to the master controller;
in step S2, at the time of charging, based on the SOC of each of the batteries, the master controller communicates a plurality of the slave controllers, turns on the battery having an SOC lower than a first threshold value to the switch of the super capacitor, and bypasses the battery having an SOC higher than a second threshold value so that the battery having an SOC lower than the first threshold value is charged, or turns on the battery having an SOC higher than a third threshold value to the switch of the super capacitor, and bypasses the other batteries so that the battery having an SOC higher than the third threshold value is discharged to the super capacitor, or turns on the switch between the battery having an SOC higher than a fourth threshold value to the battery having an SOC lower than the fifth threshold value so that the battery having an SOC higher than the fourth threshold value is charged with the battery having an SOC lower than the fifth threshold value, and the battery having an SOC higher than the fifth threshold value is different from the battery having an SOC lower than the fifth threshold value.
By way of explanation, during charging, the SOC of each battery is estimated by the local first controller, then all estimated SOCs are sent to the master controller, which battery is connected to the circuit and bypassed, so that it does not participate in charging, and each time the master controller sends a command to the slave controller, an execution decision is made, i.e. which battery is bypassed.
The method comprises the steps that after the SOC of each battery is evaluated, the battery is charged in one of three modes, and the battery with low SOC is charged from the super capacitor; a battery with too high SOC (overcharge) discharges into the supercapacitor; a battery with an excessively high SOC in one battery pack discharges into a battery with an excessively low SOC in the other battery pack. Therefore, based on this method, the degree of balance of battery charge management is further improved.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any adaptations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. An active energy recovery battery equalization management system, the system comprising:
a super capacitor;
the battery packs are connected in series, are connected in parallel and output to supply power for the motor;
the first DC-DC module is used for reducing the voltage of the direct current power supply after kinetic energy conversion and then transmitting the direct current power supply to the super capacitor;
a second DC-DC module connected to the supercapacitor and to each of the plurality of battery packs, for outputting electric power of the battery into the supercapacitor and outputting electric power of the supercapacitor into any one of the batteries;
the two charging power supplies are respectively connected with each battery in the plurality of battery packs and the second DC-DC module;
the switches are respectively arranged between each battery and the second DC-DC module, between each battery and the charging power supply, between the second DC-DC module and the super capacitor, and between the super capacitor and the first DC-DC module;
the slave controllers are respectively used for controlling the on and off of the switch;
and the master controller is connected with the plurality of slave controllers and forms a master-slave device relationship.
2. The active energy recovery battery equalization management system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of switches comprises a plurality of first switches, a plurality of second switches, a plurality of third switches and a plurality of fourth switches, the plurality of first switches are respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of each battery, the first switches of the positive poles and the negative poles of the plurality of batteries in one group are respectively connected to two charging power sources, the second switches are respectively arranged between the first switches of the positive poles and the negative poles of the plurality of batteries in the same group and the two charging power sources, the plurality of third switches are arranged between the positive pole and the negative pole of the second DC-DC module and the positive pole and the negative pole of the two charging power sources, and the plurality of fourth switches are arranged between the positive pole and the negative pole of the supercapacitor to the positive pole and the negative pole of the first DC-DC module and the second DC-DC module.
3. The active energy recovery battery equalization management system of claim 2, wherein said plurality of slave controllers comprises a plurality of first slave controllers and a plurality of second slave controllers, said plurality of first slave controllers controlling two of said first switches of each of said batteries, respectively, and one of said second slave controllers controlling four of said second switches of each of said battery packs.
4. The active energy recovery battery equalization management system of claim 1, wherein said slave controller is further configured to obtain information of said battery corresponding thereto, said information including at least one of voltage, output current, input current, temperature, and SOC.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the slave controller calculates the used power of the battery based on the output current and the input current when acquiring the SOC, and calculates the SOC based on the used power and the rated capacity of the battery.
6. The active energy recovery battery equalization management system of claim 1, wherein said master controller is connected to a plurality of said slave controllers via WIFI.
7. The active energy recovery battery equalization management system of claim 1, wherein said first DC-DC module is a unidirectional voltage drop converter.
8. The active energy recovery battery equalization management system of claim 1, wherein said second DC-DC module is a bi-directional transformer.
9. An active energy recovery battery equalization management method comprising the system of any of claims 1-8, the method comprising:
based on the slave controllers, the SOC of each battery is estimated in real time and fed back to the master controller;
in charging, based on the SOC of each of the batteries, the master controller communicates a plurality of the slave controllers, turns on the switches of the batteries having the SOC lower than a first threshold value to the super-capacitor, and bypasses the batteries having the SOC higher than a second threshold value so that the batteries having the SOC lower than the first threshold value are charged, or turns on the switches of the batteries having the SOC higher than a third threshold value to the super-capacitor, and bypasses the other batteries so that the batteries having the SOC higher than the third threshold value are discharged to the super-capacitor, or turns on the switches between the batteries having the SOC higher than the fourth threshold value to the batteries having the SOC lower than a fifth threshold value so that the batteries having the SOC higher than the fourth threshold value are charged with the batteries having the SOC lower than the fifth threshold value, and the batteries having the SOC higher than the fourth threshold value are of different battery groups.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108012538A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2018-05-08 | 密执安州立大学董事会 | Mixed tensor stores |
| CN208062874U (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-06 | 温州大学 | A kind of active composite power source power distribution unit |
| CN110474386A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-19 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | A kind of energy storage battery system multi-layer active equalization circuit and control method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108012538A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2018-05-08 | 密执安州立大学董事会 | Mixed tensor stores |
| CN208062874U (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-06 | 温州大学 | A kind of active composite power source power distribution unit |
| CN110474386A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-19 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | A kind of energy storage battery system multi-layer active equalization circuit and control method |
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