CN117791155A - Integral type multiport MIMO loop antenna and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Integral type multiport MIMO loop antenna and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN117791155A CN117791155A CN202311450892.0A CN202311450892A CN117791155A CN 117791155 A CN117791155 A CN 117791155A CN 202311450892 A CN202311450892 A CN 202311450892A CN 117791155 A CN117791155 A CN 117791155A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antennas and discloses an integrated multi-port MIMO loop antenna and electronic equipment, wherein the MIMO loop antenna comprises a ground plate, a clearance area is arranged on the ground plate, the clearance area is a clearance area in the ground plate, N feed structures and N decoupling structures are arranged in the clearance area, the N feed structures and the N decoupling structures are arranged in a staggered manner, and a loop antenna is formed among the N feed structures, the N decoupling structures and the clearance area, wherein N is an integer greater than 1. The invention can realize the integrated design of the multiport antenna and has the advantages of high integration level, high isolation level and the like. The invention can also simply and effectively realize the effective expansion of the antenna ports, realize the N multiplied by N MIMO antenna and has universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antennas, in particular to an integrated multi-port MIMO loop antenna and electronic equipment.
Background
With the development of communication technology, in particular, MIMO antenna technology, a larger number of antennas are required to increase transmission rate, reduce communication delay, and the like. This requires the integration of more antenna elements within a limited equipment space to implement functions such as massive MIMO antennas, beamforming, etc. The conventional MIMO technology improves isolation between antenna elements by increasing the distance between the antenna elements, reduces interference, and thus is difficult to achieve integration and miniaturization. Although the distance between the antenna units can be reduced by using a matching network, adding a decoupling structure, etc., miniaturization and integration of the MIMO antenna still face a great challenge.
Therefore, how to provide a MIMO antenna technology with expandable port number, integrate multiple antenna ports in a single loop antenna structure, and implement an integrated multi-port MIMO antenna design is a current problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an integrated multi-port MIMO loop antenna and electronic equipment, which are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art.
The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments. This summary is not an extensive overview and is intended to neither identify key/critical elements nor delineate the scope of such embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a MIMO loop antenna.
In one embodiment, the MIMO loop antenna comprises: the ground plate, be provided with the clearance area on the ground plate, the clearance area is the clearance area in the ground plate, be provided with N feed structure and N decoupling structure in the clearance area, N feed structure and N decoupling structure are crisscross to be set up, and N feed structure and N decoupling structure and form the loop antenna between the clearance area, wherein, N is the integer that is greater than 1.
In one embodiment, the feed structure includes a feed and a feed wire, one end of the feed being connected to the ground plate and the other end of the feed being connected to the feed wire.
In one embodiment, the feed conductor is provided with a capacitive element.
In one embodiment, the decoupling structure is a slot disposed on the ground plate, the slot opening toward the headroom region.
In one embodiment, the spacing of the open locations of the slots and the boundary length of each slot are each 0.5λ; λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
In one embodiment, the perimeter or boundary length of the clearance area isThe opening position of the slot is positioned at 1/N of the edge of the clearance area, and N is the number of decoupling structures; λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
In one embodiment, the slotted opening is provided with a capacitive element.
In one embodiment, the clearance area is loaded with a conductor load.
In one embodiment, the capacitive element is an inductive element and/or a capacitive element.
According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device.
In one embodiment, an electronic device includes a MIMO loop antenna as in any of the embodiments above.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can have the following beneficial effects:
the invention can realize the integrated design of the multiport antenna and has the advantages of high integration level, high isolation level and the like. The invention can also simply and effectively realize the effective expansion of the antenna ports, realize the N multiplied by N MIMO antenna and has universality.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a loop antenna unit with a circular clearance area in the prior art;
fig. 1b is a schematic structural diagram of a loop antenna unit with a rectangular clear space;
FIG. 1c is a schematic diagram of a prior art loop antenna element with a circular headroom area with a conductor load typically added to the headroom area;
fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated two-port MIMO loop antenna, according to an example embodiment;
fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of an integrated two-port MIMO loop antenna, according to an example embodiment;
fig. 2c is a schematic diagram of a variation of the integrated two-port MIMO loop antenna according to an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 2d is a schematic diagram of a modification of the integrated two-port MIMO loop antenna according to an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated three-port MIMO loop antenna, shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated four-port MIMO loop antenna, according to an example embodiment
Fig. 5 is a simulated S-parameter diagram of an integrated four-port MIMO loop antenna, according to an example embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following description and the drawings sufficiently illustrate specific embodiments herein to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in, or substituted for, those of others. The scope of the embodiments herein includes the full scope of the claims, as well as all available equivalents of the claims. The terms "first," "second," and the like herein are used merely to distinguish one element from another element and do not require or imply any actual relationship or order between the elements. Indeed the first element could also be termed a second element and vice versa. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a structure, apparatus, or device that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such structure, apparatus, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a structure, apparatus or device comprising the element. Various embodiments are described herein in a progressive manner, each embodiment focusing on differences from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the various embodiments are sufficient to be seen with each other.
The terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like herein refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for ease of description herein and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the description herein, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanically or electrically coupled, may be in communication with each other within two elements, may be directly coupled, or may be indirectly coupled through an intermediary, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
Herein, unless otherwise indicated, the term "plurality" means two or more.
Herein, the character "/" indicates that the front and rear objects are an or relationship. For example, A/B represents: a or B.
Herein, the term "and/or" is an association relation describing an object, meaning that three relations may exist. For example, a and/or B, represent: a or B, or, A and B.
Embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1a-1c, the loop antenna includes a ground plate 100, a headroom region 101 within the ground plate 100, and a feed structure 102. The clearance area 101 is a clearance area in the ground plane 100, and a common clearance area has a circular shape, a rectangular shape, and the like, and the effective electrical length electrical length of the boundary is 1 wavelength λ (λ is a free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency), and determines the operating frequency of the antenna structure. The feed structure 102 comprises a feed 103 and a feed conductor 104 responsible for impedance matching of the antenna. One end of the feed 103 is connected with the grounding plate 100, and the other end is connected with the feed wire 104; in engineering implementations, the feed 103 is typically connected to a radio frequency signal source by microstrip lines, transmission lines, or the like. The feed wire 104 is connected at one end to the feed 103 and at one end open or connected to the ground plate 100 or to the conductor load 106. The feed conductor 104 may comprise a feed match 105, and the feed match 105 may be a capacitive element or an inductive element. In addition, the clearance area 101 can be further provided with a conductor load 106, so as to realize the characteristics of miniaturization, shape diversity and the like of the antenna. The above-described manner constitutes a conventional loop antenna.
The technical scheme of the integrated multi-port MIMO loop antenna is as follows:
example 1
Figures 2a-2d illustrate one embodiment of an integrated two-port MIMO loop antenna of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2a, the integrated two-port MIMO loop antenna includes a ground plate 100, a headroom region 101 within the ground plate 100, a first feed structure 102a, a second feed structure 102b, a first slot 201, and a second slot 202. Here, the headroom region 101 refers to a circular headroom region whose boundary has an effective electrical length of 1 wavelength λ (refer to fig. 1 a); the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 refer to a clearance area of a narrow strip connected to the clearance area 101.
The first slot 201 and the second slot 202 are narrow strip-shaped clearance areas extending towards the ground plate 100, are connected with the clearance area 101, and are open towards the clearance area 101. The first slot 201, the second slot 202 and the clearance area 101 form a clearance area having two slots. The width of the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 is much smaller than the perimeter of the headroom region 101; optimally, the width of the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 is less than 0.1λ. The first feed structure 102a and the second feed structure 102b are simultaneously disposed in the same clearance area 101, and the first feed structure 102a and the second feed structure 102b are respectively disposed between the two slots. Optimally, the first feed structure 102a, the second feed structure 102b, the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 are symmetrically arranged.
As shown in fig. 2b, in combination with fig. 2a, the first slot 201, the second slot 202 and the clearance area 101 form an annular clearance area having two slots. The width of the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 is much smaller than the boundary length of the headroom region 101; optimally, the width of the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 is less than 0.1λ. The first slot 201 and the second slot 202 are located at 1/2 of the edge of the clearance area 101, respectively, and at this time, the interval between the opening positions of the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 is about half wavelength, i.e., 0.5λ (as shown by the two-dot chain line in fig. 2 b); the setting method has the advantages that: the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 do not affect the operating frequency of the original loop antenna (refer to fig. 1 a). Meanwhile, the effective electrical length (boundary length) of the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 is about half a wavelength (as shown by a dotted line in fig. 2 b).
The first slot 201 and the second slot 202 can generate new resonance by effectively controlling the higher order mode of the loop antenna, do not affect the original loop antenna resonance, serve as a decoupling structure between two feed structures, and improve the isolation between antenna ports. That is, the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 ensure weak coupling between the first feeding structure 102a and the second feeding structure 102b, which in turn may ensure that the first feeding structure 102a and the second feeding structure 102b may be simultaneously placed in the clearance area 101, constructing an integrated dual-port loop antenna having the same polarization characteristics. Meanwhile, the isolation degree can be regulated, controlled and optimized by adjusting the size of the slot, and the method has the advantages of simplicity, strong adjustability and the like.
Furthermore, in particular applications, the feed structure may comprise a feed and a feed wire, one end of the feed being connected to the ground plate and the other end of the feed being connected to the feed wire. The feed conductor may also be provided with a capacitive element or an inductive element. The capacitive element has a capacitive component and may be a lumped element, such as a chip capacitor, a varactor, etc., or a distributed element, such as a parallel wire, a transmission line, etc. In addition, the capacitive element may be formed of a single capacitive element or may be formed by connecting a plurality of elements to each other. To obtain a certain capacitance, a combination of elements may be used instead of a capacitive element, e.g. the capacitive element may be replaced by a combination of capacitive and inductive elements. The inductance element has an inductance component, and may be a lumped element, such as a chip inductor, a chip resistor, or the like, or a distributed element, such as a wire, a coil, or the like. Also, the inductance element may be constituted by a single inductance element or may be constituted by connecting a plurality of inductance elements to each other.
As shown in fig. 2c, the integrated dual-port MIMO loop antenna may further increase the conductor load 106 in the headroom region 101.
As shown in fig. 2d, the headroom area 101 of the integrated dual-port MIMO loop antenna is rectangular, and the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the middle position of the rectangular headroom area. One end of the feed wire is connected to the feed and the other end is connected to the ground plate 100.
In practical application, the openings of the first slot 201 and the second slot 202 may be provided with capacitive elements, so as to reduce the size of the slot and achieve miniaturization. The capacitive element has a capacitive component and may be a lumped element, such as a chip capacitor, a varactor, etc., or a distributed element, such as a parallel wire, a transmission line, etc. In addition, the capacitive element may be formed of a single capacitive element or may be formed by connecting a plurality of elements to each other. To obtain a certain capacitance, a combination of elements may be used instead of a capacitive element, e.g. the capacitive element may be replaced by a combination of capacitive and inductive elements. The inductance element has an inductance component, and may be a lumped element, such as a chip inductor, a chip resistor, or the like, or a distributed element, such as a wire, a coil, or the like. Also, the inductance element may be constituted by a single inductance element or may be constituted by connecting a plurality of inductance elements to each other.
Example two
Figure 3 illustrates one embodiment of an integrated three-port MIMO loop antenna of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the integrated three-port MIMO loop antenna includes a ground plate 100, a headroom region 101 within the ground plate 100, a first feed structure 102a, a second feed structure 102b, a third feed structure 102c, a first slot 301, a second slot 302, and a third slot 303. Three feed structures are simultaneously placed in the same clearance area 101 and share a loop antenna. Here, the headroom region 101 refers to a circular headroom region whose boundary has an effective electrical length (electrical length) of 1.5 wavelengths (1.5λ); the first slot 301, the second slot 302 and the third slot 303 refer to a clearance area of a narrow strip connected to the clearance area 101. As further shown in fig. 3, the first slot 301, the second slot 302 and the third slot 303 are narrow strip-shaped clearance areas extending into the ground plate, and the opening sides of the first slot, the second slot 302 and the third slot 303 face the clearance area 101 and are respectively located at 1/3 positions of the edge of the clearance area 101, and at this time, the distance between the opening positions of two adjacent slots is about half a wavelength. The effective electrical length of the boundaries of the first slot 301, the second slot 302 and the third slot 303 is about half a wavelength for reducing coupling between adjacent two ports. The first feed structure 102a, the second feed structure 102b, and the third feed structure 102c are respectively located between two adjacent slots. The method can construct the integral three-port MIMO loop antenna.
Example III
Figure 4 illustrates one embodiment of an integrated four-port MIMO loop antenna of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the integrated four-port MIMO loop antenna includes a ground plate 100, a headroom region 101 located within the ground plate 100, a first feed structure 102a, a second feed structure 102b, a third feed structure 102c, a fourth feed structure 102d, a first slot 401, a second slot 402, a third slot 403, and a fourth slot 404. Four feed structures are simultaneously placed in the same clearance area 101 and share a loop antenna. Here, the headroom region 101 refers to a circular headroom region whose boundary has an effective electrical length of 2 wavelengths (2λ); the first slot 401, the second slot 402, the third slot 403, and the fourth slot 404 refer to a narrow stripe-shaped headroom region connected to the headroom region 101.
As further shown in fig. 4, the first slot 401, the second slot 402, the third slot 403 and the fourth slot 404 are narrow strip-shaped clearance areas extending into the ground plate, and the opening sides of the clearance areas face the clearance area 101 and are respectively located at 1/4 positions of the edge of the clearance area 101, and at this time, the spacing between the opening positions of two adjacent slots is about half a wavelength. The boundaries of the first slot 401, the second slot 402, the third slot 403, and the fourth slot 404 have an effective electrical length of about half a wavelength. The first, second, third and fourth feed structures 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d are located between adjacent two slots, respectively. The method can construct an integrated four-port MIMO loop antenna.
Similarly, the method can be popularized to N-port MIMO loop antennas such as five-port MIMO antennas and six-port MIMO antennas.
Fig. 5 shows a simulated S-parameter diagram of an integrated four-port MIMO loop antenna in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
Curve 5a represents the reflection coefficient generated at each port of the loop antenna, representing the resonance and operating frequency of the antenna. Curve 5b represents the transmission coefficient between the first feed and the second feed, and curve 5c represents the transmission coefficient between the first feed and the third feed, representing the isolation between the antenna ports. It can be seen that the isolation between the antenna elements is higher than 15dB. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of compact structure, high isolation, large bandwidth and the like, and is suitable for the requirements of MIMO or antenna array and the like.
In other optional embodiments, the present invention further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes the MIMO loop antenna according to any one of the optional embodiments. For example, the electronic device is a router, or a network box, or a set-top box, or a wireless access point device, or a vehicle station, or an unmanned aerial vehicle, etc.
The present invention is not limited to the structure that has been described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an integral type multiport MIMO loop antenna, its characterized in that, includes the ground plate, be provided with the clearance area on the ground plate, the clearance area is the clearance area in the ground plate, be provided with N feed structure and N decoupling structure in the clearance area, N feed structure and N decoupling structure crisscross the setting, and N feed structure and N decoupling structure with form loop antenna between the clearance area, wherein, N is the integer that is greater than 1.
2. The integrated multiport MIMO loop antenna of claim 1 wherein the feed structure comprises a feed and a feed wire, one end of the feed being connected to the ground plate and the other end of the feed being connected to the feed wire.
3. The integrated multiport MIMO loop antenna of claim 2 wherein the feed conductor has a capacitive element disposed thereon.
4. The integrated multiport MIMO loop antenna of claim 1, wherein the decoupling structure is a slot disposed on the ground plate, the slot opening toward the headroom region.
5. The integrated multiport MIMO loop antenna of claim 4 wherein the spacing of the open positions of the slots and the boundary length of each slot are each 0.5λ; λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
6. The integrated multiport MIMO loop antenna of claim 4, wherein the perimeter or boundary length of the clearance area isThe open position of the slot is positioned at 1/N of the edge of the clearance area, N isThe number of decoupling structures; λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.
7. The integrated multiport MIMO loop antenna of claim 4, wherein a capacitive element is disposed at the slotted opening.
8. The integrated multiport MIMO loop antenna of claim 1, wherein a conductor load is loaded in the clear space region.
9. The integrated multiport MIMO loop antenna of claim 3 or 7, wherein the capacitive element is an inductive element and/or a capacitive element.
10. An electronic device comprising a MIMO loop antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311450892.0A CN117791155A (en) | 2023-11-03 | 2023-11-03 | Integral type multiport MIMO loop antenna and electronic equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311450892.0A CN117791155A (en) | 2023-11-03 | 2023-11-03 | Integral type multiport MIMO loop antenna and electronic equipment |
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| CN117791155A true CN117791155A (en) | 2024-03-29 |
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| CN202311450892.0A Pending CN117791155A (en) | 2023-11-03 | 2023-11-03 | Integral type multiport MIMO loop antenna and electronic equipment |
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