CN117787475A - Combined optimization method and system for flood control reservoir capacity of cascade reservoir - Google Patents
Combined optimization method and system for flood control reservoir capacity of cascade reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization method and system, wherein the method is used for collecting characteristic parameters, dam addresses and interval runoff data of reservoirs aiming at cascade reservoirs which have common downstream flood control targets and have no flood control requirements in intervals, carrying out polymerization and decomposition on the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity based on the hydraulic connection characteristics and the scheduling requirements of the cascade reservoirs, deducing a joint optimization design formula of the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity, and determining the flood control reservoir capacity optimally designed by each reservoir with the maximum energy generation in flood season as the target. The invention can fully consider the complementary equivalent relation of the flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir, overcomes the limitation of the design of the flood control reservoir capacity of the single reservoir, and provides an important reference basis for the joint optimization design and the dispatch of the cascade reservoir in the flood season.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flood control safety and operation management design of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to a method and a system for jointly optimizing flood control reservoir capacity of a cascade reservoir.
Background
The flood control reservoir capacity refers to the reservoir capacity between a flood control high water level and a flood control water level, and aims to ensure the flood control safety of a reservoir dam and a downstream flood control target. However, the cascade reservoirs on the same river basin are often calculated according to the water conservancy and hydropower engineering flood calculation specifications by different design units and at different times in the respective initial setting stages: the SL 44-2006 adopts a single-station data series to calculate the design flood, and the flood control capacity of each reservoir is determined by proper distribution according to the flood control capacity of the cascade reservoir planning design, so that the complementary relation of the flood control capacities of the cascade reservoirs and the influence of the upstream reservoir regulation on the downstream are not considered. Therefore, during the construction operation of the cascade reservoir, the flood control reservoir capacity designed by a single reservoir is not suitable to be used any more, and the flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir is required to be subjected to combined optimization design, so that the utilization efficiency of flood resources is improved.
The invention patent with the application number of CN202210984477.2 discloses a reservoir group flood control scheduling pre-discharging reservoir capacity distribution method and a pre-discharging scheduling system. The invention patent with the authority number ZL202110729436.4 discloses a river basin flood control scheduling method and system based on cascade combined equivalent flood control reservoir capacity. The two inventions take the equivalent relation of the flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir into consideration for scheduling simulation, but still do not explicitly solve the problem of optimizing the flood control reservoir capacity from the aspect of planning and design based on the initially set characteristic water level. The patent of the invention with the authority of ZL202210798048.6 discloses a method for determining flood control characteristic water level of a cascade reservoir, which is characterized in that the flood control characteristic water level is determined by carrying out reservoir capacity distribution according to the determined hierarchical relationship of reservoirs in the cascade reservoir, and the method for determining the flood control characteristic water level can be provided for the planning and design stages of a newly-built cascade reservoir, but the problem of improving the power generation benefit in the flood season is not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the background technology, and provides a cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization method which is concise and clear in calculation and clear in arrangement, and can be popularized in related fields.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the method of the invention is as follows:
a cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization method comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting characteristic parameters of the cascade reservoir, a flood season daily scale flow series and safety outlet flow data of the downstream of the cascade reservoir, and carrying out polymerization decomposition on flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir according to a hydraulic connection formula;
step 2: simplifying reservoir capacity constraint, reservoir dam upper water level amplitude constraint and power station output constraint based on the generated energy calculation flow and on the scheduling characteristics of flood season, and pushing out a two-reservoir aggregation system flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization calculation formula;
step 3: based on the calculated formula of the combined optimization of the flood control reservoir capacity of the two-reservoir aggregation system, calculating the formula of the total power generation increment of the flood season of the multi-reservoir aggregation system and solving;
step 4: under the same data of the cascade reservoir storage flow, calculating the average total power generation capacity of the cascade reservoir for many years by adopting the original design of the flood control reservoir capacity, comparing the average total power generation capacity with the total power generation capacity after the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design, and analyzing the increment change condition of the flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design on the cascade reservoir power generation benefit.
Further, the hydraulic connection formula according to the polymerization and decomposition basis of the flood control reservoir capacity of the step reservoir in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein: t is a time variable, s, t=1, 2,..t, T is a calculated period length; m is the reservoir serial number of the cascade reservoir from top to bottom, m=1, 2. V (V) m (t) and V m (t+1) is the storage capacity of the mth reservoir at the time t and the time t+1, m 3 ；q in,m (t) and q out,m (t) is the average flow rate of the reservoir in and out of the mth reservoir at the moment t, m 3 /s；q in,m+1 (t) is the average storage flow rate of the (m+1) th reservoir at the moment t, q z,m (t) is the flow rate between the m reservoir and the (m+1) reservoir, m 3 /s；f r (. Is a calculation function from reservoir outlet flow calculation to downstream flood control section; τ is the lag time, s.
Further, step 2 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 2-1: giving a calculation formula of the average power generation amount of the mth reservoir for a plurality of years in the period t:
step 2-2: the average total power generation amount of the two-warehouse aggregation system in the flood period for many years is obtained;
step 2-3: and (5) deducing the total power generation increment of the two-warehouse aggregation system based on the average total power generation quantity of the two-warehouse aggregation system for years in the flood period.
Further, the calculation formula of the average power generation amount of the mth reservoir in the step 2-1 for a plurality of years in the period t is as follows:
wherein: k (k) m The comprehensive force coefficient of the mth reservoir; h is a m (t)、N m (t) and E m (t) respectively purifying water head, output and annual average theoretical generating capacity of the mth reservoir at the moment t; z is Z u,m (. Cndot.) represents the m reservoir upstreamThe relation function of water level and reservoir capacity adopts power function fitting, namelyAnd because the change of the water level on the dam corresponding to the change of the unit storage capacity is sharply reduced along with the increase of the storage capacity, namely +.>Thus 0<b m <1；Z d,m (. Cndot.) represents the relation function between the tail water level of the m-th reservoir and the delivery flow; h is a s,m Represents the power generation head loss of the mth reservoir; n is n y Representing years, a m 、b m Respectively a power function coefficient and an exponent.
Further, the average total power generation amount E of the two-bank aggregation system in the step 2-2 for years in the flood period is as follows:
in the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design, the total flood control reservoir capacity of the m reservoir polymerization system in flood season is maintainedThe lambda is the ratio of the flood control reservoir capacity of the tap reservoir to the total flood control reservoir capacity of the two reservoirs, namely +.>Let the corresponding reservoir capacity of the flood control high water level of the mth reservoir be V nor,m Flood control reservoir capacity V of the mth reservoir 0,m ＝V nor,m -V x,m Wherein V is x,m In addition, the outlet flow of the downstream water reservoir can be calculated according to the hydraulic connection relation shown in the step 1, E 1 、E 2 The flood season annual average power generation capacity of an upstream reservoir and a downstream reservoir in the two-reservoir polymerization system respectively; k (k) 1 、k 2 The comprehensive output coefficient is the comprehensive output coefficient of the upstream and downstream water reservoirs.
Further, in the step 2-2, the total power generation increment Δe of the two-library aggregation system is:
wherein:kW·h/m 3 ；V m degree represents the storage capacity, m of the mth reservoir after the flood control storage capacity of the polymeric reservoir is optimally configured 3 ，λ * The ratio of the flood control reservoir capacity of the tap reservoir after combined optimization design to the total flood control reservoir capacity of the two reservoirs is +.>The flood control reservoir capacity ratio of each reservoir has a variable value interval lambda * ∈[λ *low ,λ *up ]Wherein lambda is *low And lambda (lambda) *up Setting V for the lower limit and the upper limit of the flood control reservoir capacity proportion s,m And V c,m The storage capacity corresponding to the dead water level of the mth reservoir and the storage capacity corresponding to the full-load running state of the power station unit are respectively, and when +.>And is also provided withWhen the two-reservoir aggregation system meets reservoir capacity constraint and power station output constraint;
further deduce:
wherein:if->Description of ΔE vs. λ * Is decreased by an increase in (a); />Delta E with lambda * Monotonically increasing, and->Description->At lambda * Monotonically decreasing within the interval of (a).
Further, deducing total annual average flood season generating capacity delta E of the multi-reservoir aggregation system after flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design in the step 3 * The following are provided:
wherein:to optimize the ratio of the flood control reservoir capacity of the m-th reservoir to the total flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir after configuration, lambda m The ratio of the flood control reservoir capacity in the total flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir is originally designed for the mth reservoir, and the ratio is as follows:
aiming at a flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization formula of a polymeric reservoir system, lagrange multiplier r is adopted λ Constructing an auxiliary function:
further deduce:
r λ is Lagrangian multiplier, b m Parameters of a water level-reservoir capacity power function relation curve;
and (3) carrying out numerical solution on the formula (9) by adopting an augmentation Lagrangian penalty function method.
In another aspect, the invention provides a cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization system, comprising:
module one: the method is used for collecting characteristic parameters of the cascade reservoir, a flood season daily scale flow series and safety outlet flow data of the downstream of the cascade reservoir, and carrying out polymerization decomposition on flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir according to a hydraulic connection formula;
and a second module: simplifying reservoir capacity constraint, reservoir dam upper water level amplitude constraint and power station output constraint based on the generated energy calculation flow and on the scheduling characteristics of flood season, and pushing out a two-reservoir aggregation system flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization calculation formula;
and a third module: the method is used for solving a total power generation increment formula of the multi-reservoir aggregation system in the flood season based on a calculated two-reservoir aggregation system flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization calculation formula;
and a fourth module: under the data of the same cascade reservoir storage flow, calculating the average total power generation capacity of the cascade reservoir for many years by adopting the original design of the flood control reservoir capacity, comparing the average total power generation capacity with the total power generation capacity after the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity is combined and optimally designed, and analyzing the increment change condition of the flood control reservoir capacity combined and optimally designed on the cascade reservoir power generation benefit;
the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization system is used for executing the steps in the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization method according to any one of claims 1-7.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention solves the problem that the flood control capacity of reservoirs designed in different periods of a plurality of different units is lower in power generation benefit in flood season due to the fact that the flood control capacity of the original design is used in the running period of the cascade reservoirs from the planning design perspective: according to the invention, under the assumption that the fluctuation of the water level of the cascade reservoir in the flood season is not considered, the complementary equivalent relation of the flood control reservoir capacity is fully considered, the flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir with the same flood control target outside and no flood control requirement inside is polymerized, decomposed and optimally designed, and the total power generation capacity of the cascade reservoir in the flood season is improved.
2. The method is concise and accurate, can explicitly deduce the optimal design value of the flood control reservoir capacity, and is more convenient for engineering practical application: based on a reservoir generating capacity calculation formula, the method of deducing by adopting a mathematical formula is adopted to calculate the flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design formula of the two-reservoir and multi-reservoir aggregation system on the premise of ensuring the total flood control reservoir capacity unchanged, and the flood control reservoir capacity and the increased power generation quantity of each reservoir under the optimal design can be directly solved by adopting an augmented Lagrange penalty function method, so that the method has important practical significance for flood control and power generation scheduling in the cascade reservoir flood period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cascade reservoir in a basin
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a combined optimum design of flood control reservoirs in a two-by-two polymeric step reservoir system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which are obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort, are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for jointly optimizing flood control reservoir capacity of a cascade reservoir, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting characteristic parameters of the cascade reservoir, a flood season daily scale flow series and safety outlet flow data of the downstream of the cascade reservoir, and carrying out polymerization decomposition on flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir according to a hydraulic connection formula;
specifically, collecting characteristic parameters of a cascade reservoir in a certain river basin, a long-series daily scale storage flow process and a reservoir A shown in fig. 2 M Downstream safety traffic, etc. FIG. A 1 ,A 2 ,…,A M And C represents the flood control object of the M-seat step reservoir, and the arrow represents the water flow direction. Analyzing the hydraulic connection characteristics of a cascade reservoir in a certain river basin to obtain A 1 ,A 2 ,…,A M Although reservoirs are planned and designed by different design units, the distance is relatively close, the water collecting area above M reservoirs is close, the interval area is relatively small, no flood control task is needed, and the flow of the cascade reservoirs only needs to meet the flow restriction constraint of the section B. And A is 1 ,A 2 ,…,A M The reservoirs jointly bear flood control tasks of a downstream main city C, and flood control reservoir capacity of M reservoirs has certain complementary equivalence. In addition, under the condition that a certain flood control reservoir capacity is reserved in the flood season, the outlet flow of the upstream reservoir is not obvious under the jacking effect of the downstream reservoir, and can be ignored.
If the cascade reservoir has the following characteristics: (1) climate characteristics within a control area range are similar, no larger tributaries are gathered between interval river basins, and (2) the cascade reservoirs jointly bear flood control tasks of a downstream region, so that flood control reservoir capacities of the cascade reservoirs can be polymerized and decomposed, the correlation and homogeneity among the warehousing flow rates of the reservoirs are guaranteed, and the utility of the flood control reservoir capacities of the reservoirs is unified.
The purpose of the step reservoir flood control reservoir capacity aggregation is to determine the total flood control reservoir capacity so as to ensure flood control safety, the original design flood control reservoir capacity of each reservoir is polymerized on the basis of maintaining the total flood control reservoir capacity unchanged, and the sum of the step reservoir aggregate flood control reservoir capacity and the flood control reservoir capacity after the optimal configuration of all sub reservoirs is equal; and the purpose of decomposing the polymeric flood control reservoir capacity is to increase the power generation efficiency. On the premise of meeting the series constraint of reservoirs, the polymeric flood control reservoir capacity is properly decomposed so as to increase the power generation benefit of the cascade reservoirs. The hydraulic connection formula mainly based on polymerization and decomposition of flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir is as follows:
wherein: t is a time variable, s, t=1, 2,..t, T is a calculated period length; m is the reservoir serial number of the cascade reservoir from top to bottom, m=1, 2. V (V) m (t) and V m (t+1) is the storage capacity of the mth reservoir at the time t and the time t+1, m 3 ；q in,m (t) and q out,m (t) is the average flow rate of the reservoir in and out of the mth reservoir at the moment t, m 3 /s；q z,m (t) is the flow rate between the m reservoir and the (m+1) reservoir, m 3 /s；f r (. Is a calculation function from reservoir outlet flow calculation to downstream flood control section; τ is the lag time, s.
Step 2: simplifying reservoir capacity constraint, reservoir dam upper water level amplitude constraint and power station output constraint based on the generated energy calculation flow and on the scheduling characteristics of flood season, and pushing out a two-reservoir aggregation system flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization calculation formula;
step 2 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 2-1: giving a calculation formula of the average power generation amount of the mth reservoir for a plurality of years in the period t:
wherein: k (k) m The comprehensive force coefficient of the mth reservoir; h is a m (t)、N m (t) and E m (t) is respectively a water purifying head (m), an output (MW) and a multi-year average theoretical power generation (kW.h) of an mth reservoir at the time t; z is Z u,m (. Cndot.) represents the relation function between the upstream water level of the mth reservoir and the reservoir capacity, when the reservoir capacity is large, the fitting of the power function can be adopted, namelyAnd because the change of the water level on the dam corresponding to the change of the unit storage capacity is sharply reduced along with the increase of the storage capacity, namely +.>Thus 0<b m <1；Z d,m (. Cndot.) represents the relation function between the tail water level of the m-th reservoir and the delivery flow; h is a s,m The power generation head loss of the mth reservoir is represented by m; n is n y Representing the number of years.
Step 2-2: and (5) deducing the average total power generation amount of the two-warehouse aggregation system for years in the flood period. In order to not reduce the original design flood control standard of the reservoir and meet the safety requirement of a downstream flood control section, the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity is combined with the optimal design to maintain the total flood control reservoir capacity in two reservoir flood periodsIs unchanged. Setting the proportionality coefficient lambda as the ratio of the flood control reservoir capacity of the tap reservoir to the total flood control reservoir capacity of the two reservoirs, namelyLet the corresponding reservoir capacity of the flood control high water level of the mth reservoir be V nor,m Flood control reservoir capacity V of the mth reservoir 0,m ＝V nor,m -V x,m Wherein V is x,m The storage capacity corresponding to the flood limit water level of the mth reservoir is obtained. In addition, the outlet flow of the downstream water reservoir can be calculated through the hydraulic connection relation shown in the step 1, and then the average total power generation amount of the two-reservoir aggregation system in the flood period for years is calculated according to the neglected assumption of the influence of the water level fluctuation:
according to the reservoir flood season scheduling regulations, a certain flood control reservoir capacity is reserved in the reservoir in the flood season, so that the influence of fluctuation of the reservoir water level in the water rising or water falling process can be assumed to be negligible, namely the reservoir capacity of the m-th reservoir in the adjacent 2 running periods is kept unchanged: v (V) m (t)＝V m T=1, 2, T, m=1, 2,..m. In addition, besides the water balance constraint and the hydraulic link constraint between the cascade reservoirs in the step 1, the cascade reservoir scheduling model generally further comprises reservoir capacity constraint and water level amplitude variation on the reservoir damBeam, reservoir delivery flow constraints, plant output constraints, etc. The derivation of the mathematical formula may simplify the constraints described above as follows: (1) because each reservoir reserves a certain flood control reservoir capacity in the flood season, neglecting assumption is neglected according to the influence of the fluctuation of the water level in the flood season, and the constraints of reservoir capacity limitation and water level amplitude on the dam can be met; (2) in order to ensure flood control safety, if the cascade reservoir delivery flow is smaller than the downstream flood control section safety flow, the reservoir delivery flow constraint is basically satisfied; (3) and the power station output limit constraint can lead the flood season operation water level after the flood control reservoir capacity is optimally configured to be lower than the water level when the power station basically reaches the full-load operation state (the expected output is the installed capacity).
The flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design changes the original design flood control reservoir capacity of two reservoirs. As mentioned above, the running water level of the m-th reservoir after the combined optimization design is between the dead water level and the water level of the power station basically reaching the full-load running state, and the flood control reservoir capacity after the optimization configuration is equal to the difference between the reservoir capacity corresponding to the flood control high water level and the reservoir capacity corresponding to the flood control running water level, and lambda is set * The ratio of the flood control reservoir capacity of the tap reservoir after the combined optimization design to the total flood control reservoir capacity of the two reservoirs is thatTherefore, each reservoir flood control reservoir capacity ratio has a variable value interval lambda * ∈[λ *low ,λ *up ]. It should be noted that the final reservoir discharge capacity needs to reach the safe flow rate of the downstream flood control node to ensure the flood control safety of the cascade reservoir.
Step 2-3: and after the flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design is deduced, the total power generation increment of the two-reservoir aggregation system is calculated. Because the area of the flow field between the two reservoir areas is smaller, after the flood control reservoir capacity is combined and optimally designed, if the running water level of the downstream reservoir is raised in the flood season, the tail water level of the upstream reservoir can be subjected to the jacking effect of backwater of the downstream reservoir area, and the relation function Z of the tail water level of the upstream reservoir and the delivery flow rate of the upstream reservoir d,1 (. Cndot.) changes occur. Because the reservoir flood period operation water level is limited below the water level when the power station basically reaches the full-load operation state after the combined optimization design, the upstream reservoir tail water levelThe influence of the jacking effect is small, Z d,1 The (-) function does not change much. In order to simplify the calculation, the derivation of the formula ignores the jacking effect of the downstream reservoir, and then the total power generation increment of the two-reservoir aggregation system is as follows:
wherein:kW·h/m 3 ；V m degree represents the storage capacity, m of the mth reservoir after the flood control storage capacity of the polymeric reservoir is optimally configured 3 . Set V s,m And V c,m The storage capacity corresponding to the dead water level of the mth reservoir and the storage capacity corresponding to the full-load running state of the power station unit are respectively, and when +.>And->When the two-reservoir aggregation system meets reservoir capacity constraint, reservoir upper water level amplitude constraint and power station output constraint;
it can be further deduced that:
wherein: the sign of (2) requires further calculation and discrimination: if->Description of ΔE vs. λ * Is decreased by an increase in (a); />Delta E with lambda * Monotonically increasing. WhileDescription->At lambda * Monotonically decreasing within the interval of (a).
Specifically, as known from S1, due to A 1 ,A 2 ,…,A M The area of the interval of the reservoir is smaller, so that the flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design can be carried out by polymerization in pairs in sequence, and A is respectively deduced at first 1 ～A 2 ,A 3 ～A 4 ,…,A M-1 ～A M The cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design formula of the polymerization reservoir system and the double-seat reservoir flood control reservoir capacity polymerization and decomposition schematic diagram are shown in figure 3. Based on reservoir characteristic parameters, a warehouse-in flow series and a calculation formula of reservoir annual average flood period power generation capacity, A can be deduced 1 ～A 2 ,A 3 ～A 4 ,…,A M-1 ～A M The average total power generation amount of the aggregation system for many years is further calculated, and the average total power generation increment formula of many years is further calculated.
Step 3: based on the calculated formula of the combined optimization of the flood control reservoir capacity of the two-reservoir aggregation system, calculating the formula of the total power generation increment of the flood season of the multi-reservoir aggregation system and solving;
and after the flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design is deduced, a total power generation increment formula of the multi-reservoir aggregation system in the flood season is solved. The mathematical formula of the flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design of the two-reservoir aggregation system can be expanded to a multi-reservoir aggregation system, and the total power generation amount of the multi-reservoir aggregation system in the average flood season after the flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design is deduced as follows:
wherein:the ratio of the flood control reservoir capacity of the m-th reservoir after the optimal configuration in the total flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoirs is as followsAnd-> Is the sum of flood control reservoirs of m reservoirs.
Aiming at a flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization formula of a polymeric reservoir system, lagrange multiplier r is adopted λ Constructing an auxiliary function:
further deduce:
given a flow sequence, lagrangian multiplier r λ Is the only variable in the formula (8), but due to the geographical characteristic difference of reservoirs, the parameter b of the water level-reservoir capacity power function relation curve m Often different, it is difficult to derive r λ Is a analytic expression of (2). And the method adopts an augmentation Lagrange penalty function method to carry out numerical solution on the formula (8), the augmentation Lagrange penalty function method converts the limiting condition into a penalty term of the objective function, so that the original problem is converted into an unconstrained objective function optimization problem, and an augmentation quantity is additionally added as penalty, so that the limited penalty factor can be utilized to approach the optimal solution, and the convergence speed is higher.
Specifically, from S1, A 1 ,A 2 ,…,A M The water collecting areas above the reservoir dam sites are similar, and the multi-reservoir polymerization conditions are satisfied besides the two-by-two polymerization. Thus aggregating multiple of a dual library system based on step S2The annual average total power generation increment formula is expanded to M step reservoirs, and the numerical solution is carried out by adopting an augmented Lagrangian multiplier method to obtain A 1 ～A 2 ～…～A M And the flood control reservoir capacity value after the cascade reservoir joint optimization design and the corresponding power generation increase amount.
Step 4: under the same data of the cascade reservoir storage flow, calculating the average total power generation capacity of the cascade reservoir for many years by adopting the original design of the flood control reservoir capacity, comparing the average total power generation capacity with the total power generation capacity after the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design, and analyzing the increment change condition of the flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design on the cascade reservoir power generation benefit.
On the premise of unchanged design total flood control reservoir capacity, calculating and comparing the annual average total power generation of the cascade reservoirs of the original single reservoir design and the combined optimization design scheme. The result shows that under the premise of not maintaining the total flood control reservoir capacity of M reservoirs, only the flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoirs is subjected to combined optimization design, the generated energy can be increased compared with the original design scheme, and on the premise of not reducing the flood control standard, huge economic benefits can be brought.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a step reservoir flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization system, includes:
module one: the method is used for collecting characteristic parameters of the cascade reservoir, a flood season daily scale flow series and safety outlet flow data of the downstream of the cascade reservoir, and carrying out polymerization decomposition on flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir according to a hydraulic connection formula;
and a second module: simplifying reservoir capacity constraint, reservoir dam upper water level amplitude constraint and power station output constraint based on the generated energy calculation flow and on the scheduling characteristics of flood season, and pushing out a two-reservoir aggregation system flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization calculation formula;
and a third module: the method is used for solving a total power generation increment formula of the multi-reservoir aggregation system in the flood season based on a calculated two-reservoir aggregation system flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization calculation formula;
and a fourth module: under the data of the same cascade reservoir storage flow, the average total power generation capacity of the cascade reservoir for many years is calculated by adopting the original design of the flood control reservoir capacity, and compared with the total power generation capacity after the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design, the incremental change condition of the flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design on the cascade reservoir power generation benefit is analyzed.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.
Other parts not described in detail are prior art.
Claims (8)
1. The combined optimization method for flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: collecting characteristic parameters of the cascade reservoir, a flood season daily scale flow series and safety outlet flow data of the downstream of the cascade reservoir, and carrying out polymerization decomposition on flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir according to a hydraulic connection formula;
step 2: simplifying reservoir capacity constraint, reservoir dam upper water level amplitude constraint and power station output constraint based on the generated energy calculation flow and on the scheduling characteristics of flood season, and pushing out a two-reservoir aggregation system flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization calculation formula;
step 3: based on the calculated formula of the combined optimization of the flood control reservoir capacity of the two-reservoir aggregation system, calculating the formula of the total power generation increment of the flood season of the multi-reservoir aggregation system and solving;
step 4: under the same data of the cascade reservoir storage flow, calculating the average total power generation capacity of the cascade reservoir for many years by adopting the original design of the flood control reservoir capacity, comparing the average total power generation capacity with the total power generation capacity after the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design, and analyzing the increment change condition of the flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design on the cascade reservoir power generation benefit.
2. The method for jointly optimizing the flood control reservoir capacity of the step reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic connection formula according to which the flood control reservoir capacity of the step reservoir is polymerized and decomposed in the step 1 is as follows:
wherein: t is a time variable, s, t=1, 2,..t, T is a calculated period length; m is the reservoir serial number of the cascade reservoir from top to bottom, m=1, 2. V (V) m (t) and V m (t+1) is the storage capacity of the mth reservoir at the time t and the time t+1, m 3 ；q in,m (t) and q out,m (t) is the average flow rate of the reservoir in and out of the mth reservoir at the moment t, m 3 /s；q in,m+1 (t) is the average storage flow rate of the (m+1) th reservoir at the moment t, q z,m (t) is the flow rate between the m reservoir and the (m+1) reservoir, m 3 /s；f r (. Is a calculation function from reservoir outlet flow calculation to downstream flood control section; τ is the lag time, s.
3. The joint optimization method for flood control reservoir capacity of step reservoir according to claim 2, wherein the step 2 comprises the following sub-steps:
step 2-1: giving a calculation formula of the average power generation amount of the mth reservoir for a plurality of years in the period t:
step 2-2: the average total power generation amount of the two-warehouse aggregation system in the flood period for many years is obtained;
step 2-3: and (5) deducing the total power generation increment of the two-warehouse aggregation system based on the average total power generation quantity of the two-warehouse aggregation system for years in the flood period.
4. A method for jointly optimizing flood control storage capacity of a cascade reservoir according to claim 3, wherein the calculation formula of the average power generation amount of the mth reservoir in the period t in the step 2-1 is as follows:
wherein: k (k) m The comprehensive force coefficient of the mth reservoir; h is a m (t)、N m (t) and E m (t) respectively purifying water head, output and annual average theoretical generating capacity of the mth reservoir at the moment t; z is Z u,m (. Cndot.) represents the relation function between the upstream water level of the mth reservoir and the reservoir capacity, and the fitting of the power function is adopted, namelyAnd because the change of the water level on the dam corresponding to the change of the unit storage capacity is sharply reduced along with the increase of the storage capacity, namely +.>Thus 0<b m <1；Z d,m (. Cndot.) represents the relation function between the tail water level of the m-th reservoir and the delivery flow; h is a s,m Represents the power generation head loss of the mth reservoir; n is n y Representing years, a m 、b m Respectively a power function coefficient and an exponent.
5. The joint optimization method for flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoir according to claim 3, wherein the average total energy generation amount E of the two-storage aggregation system in the step 2-2 for years in the flood period is as follows:
in the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity combined optimization design, the total flood control reservoir capacity of the m reservoir polymerization system in flood season is maintainedInvariable lambda is the total flood prevention of two reservoirs relative to flood prevention reservoir capacity of tap reservoirHong Kurong, i.e.)>Let the corresponding reservoir capacity of the flood control high water level of the mth reservoir be V nor,m Flood control reservoir capacity V of the mth reservoir 0,m ＝V nor,m -V x,m Wherein V is x,m In addition, the outlet flow of the downstream water reservoir can be calculated according to the hydraulic connection relation shown in the step 1, E 1 、E 2 The flood season annual average power generation capacity of an upstream reservoir and a downstream reservoir in the two-reservoir polymerization system respectively; k (k) 1 、k 2 The comprehensive output coefficient is the comprehensive output coefficient of the upstream and downstream water reservoirs.
6. The method for jointly optimizing flood control storage capacity of step reservoirs according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2-2, the total power generation increment delta E of the two-storage aggregation system is as follows:
wherein:kW·h/m 3 ；V m o represents the reservoir capacity, m of the mth reservoir after the flood control reservoir capacity of the polymeric reservoir is optimally configured 3 ，λ * The ratio of the flood control reservoir capacity of the tap reservoir after the combined optimization design to the total flood control reservoir capacity of the two reservoirs is thatThe flood control reservoir capacity ratio of each reservoir has a variable value interval lambda * ∈[λ *low ,λ *up ]Wherein lambda is *low And lambda (lambda) *up Setting V for the lower limit and the upper limit of the flood control reservoir capacity proportion s,m And V c,m The corresponding reservoir capacity of the m-th reservoir dead water level and the full-load running state of the power station unit are respectively pairsThe corresponding storage capacity is ∈ ->And is also provided withWhen the two-reservoir aggregation system meets reservoir capacity constraint and power station output constraint;
further deduce:
wherein:if->Description of ΔE vs. λ * Is decreased by an increase in (a); />Delta E with lambda * Monotonically increasing, and->Description->At lambda * Monotonically decreasing within the interval of (a).
7. The method for jointly optimizing flood control reservoir capacity of step reservoir according to claim 6, wherein the step 3 is characterized in that the total annual average flood period total power generation delta E after the joint optimization design of the flood control reservoir capacity of the multi-reservoir aggregation system is deduced * The following are provided:
wherein:to optimize the ratio of the flood control reservoir capacity of the m-th reservoir to the total flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir after configuration, lambda m The ratio of the flood control reservoir capacity in the total flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir is originally designed for the mth reservoir, and the ratio is as follows:
aiming at a flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization formula of a polymeric reservoir system, lagrange multiplier r is adopted λ Constructing an auxiliary function:
further deduce:
r λ is Lagrangian multiplier, b m Parameters of a water level-reservoir capacity power function relation curve;
and (3) carrying out numerical solution on the formula (9) by adopting an augmentation Lagrangian penalty function method.
8. A cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization system, comprising:
module one: the method is used for collecting characteristic parameters of the cascade reservoir, a flood season daily scale flow series and safety outlet flow data of the downstream of the cascade reservoir, and carrying out polymerization decomposition on flood control reservoir capacity of the cascade reservoir according to a hydraulic connection formula;
and a second module: simplifying reservoir capacity constraint, reservoir dam upper water level amplitude constraint and power station output constraint based on the generated energy calculation flow and on the scheduling characteristics of flood season, and pushing out a two-reservoir aggregation system flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization calculation formula;
and a third module: the method is used for solving a total power generation increment formula of the multi-reservoir aggregation system in the flood season based on a calculated two-reservoir aggregation system flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization calculation formula;
and a fourth module: under the data of the same cascade reservoir storage flow, calculating the average total power generation capacity of the cascade reservoir for many years by adopting the original design of the flood control reservoir capacity, comparing the average total power generation capacity with the total power generation capacity after the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity is combined and optimally designed, and analyzing the increment change condition of the flood control reservoir capacity combined and optimally designed on the cascade reservoir power generation benefit;
the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization system is used for executing the steps in the cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity joint optimization method according to any one of claims 1-7.
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Inventor after: Li Shuai Inventor after: Xie Yuzuo Inventor after: Guo Shenglian Inventor after: Zhong Sirui Inventor after: Hu Ting Inventor after: Cao Rui Inventor before: Xie Yuzuo Inventor before: Hu Ting Inventor before: Guo Shenglian Inventor before: Li Shuai Inventor before: Zhong Sirui Inventor before: Cao Rui |