CN117782598A - Method for analyzing bearing faults by utilizing damage fault characteristic frequency of intermediate bearing outer ring - Google Patents
Method for analyzing bearing faults by utilizing damage fault characteristic frequency of intermediate bearing outer ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN117782598A CN117782598A CN202311579205.5A CN202311579205A CN117782598A CN 117782598 A CN117782598 A CN 117782598A CN 202311579205 A CN202311579205 A CN 202311579205A CN 117782598 A CN117782598 A CN 117782598A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
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Abstract
A method for analyzing bearing faults by utilizing damage fault characteristic frequency of an intermediate bearing outer ring belongs to the technical field of bearing tests. The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing method for judging the bearing faults has a plurality of signal interferences, is difficult to acquire and monitor accurately and with low delay, and is needed to be obtained by signal processing analysis after the test. Establishing an intermediate bearing characteristic frequency model, and obtaining an intermediate bearing characteristic frequency; establishing an intermediate bearing outer ring damage fault characteristic frequency model; acquiring operation parameters and vibration signals in the operation process of the intermediate bearing in real time, and bringing the characteristic frequency of the intermediate bearing and the operation parameters at each moment into an intermediate bearing outer ring damage fault characteristic frequency model to obtain the vibration frequency amplitude at each moment; if the amplitude of the vibration frequency which is N times of the vibration frequency at the same moment is equal to a certain amplitude in the vibration signal, judging that the intermediate bearing is damaged at the N level at the moment, wherein N is a positive integer larger than 0. The invention is used for detecting bearing faults.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to bearing fault analysis, and belongs to the technical field of bearing tests.
Background
The characteristic frequency of the operation fault of the intermediate bearing is an important test index in the development process of the main bearing of the gas turbine, plays an indicating role in judging the operation state and damage state of the intermediate bearing, and also has a basic supporting role in the development of the long-service-life and high-reliability bearing.
The characteristic analysis method of the running fault frequency of the intermediate bearing is still in the development stage at present, mainly adopts two methods, wherein the first method is mainly based on the fault characteristic frequency of the inner ring, and judges whether the fault frequency occurs or not by extracting a frequency signal and comparing the frequency signal with a theoretical calculation value. The second type is mainly based on the fault characteristic frequency of the retainer, and the occurrence of the bearing fault is judged after the occurrence of the retainer modulation frequency by monitoring the retainer modulation frequency in the frequency signal. In the first method, the inner ring fault frequency characteristic is located in an internal shafting, so that the signal interference is large, and accurate and low-delay acquisition and monitoring are difficult; in the second method, the fault frequency signal of the retainer cannot be directly obtained, and the fault frequency signal is obtained by signal processing analysis after the test, so that the on-line monitoring in the test cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing method for judging the bearing faults by utilizing the fault frequency characteristics of the inner ring is difficult to accurately acquire and monitor with low delay due to the fact that the fault frequency characteristics of the inner ring are positioned in an internal shafting and have more signal interference, the existing method for judging the bearing faults by utilizing the fault frequency signals of the retainer needs to be obtained by signal processing analysis after the test, and the on-line monitoring in the test cannot be realized, and provides a method for analyzing the bearing faults by utilizing the damage fault characteristic frequency of the outer ring of the intermediate bearing.
A method for analyzing bearing faults using intermediate bearing outer race damage fault signature frequencies, the method comprising:
step 1, establishing an intermediate bearing characteristic frequency model according to intermediate bearing structure parameters, and obtaining intermediate bearing characteristic frequency;
step 2, establishing an intermediate bearing outer ring damage fault characteristic frequency model according to the intermediate bearing characteristic frequency;
step 3, collecting operation parameters and vibration signals in the operation process of the intermediate bearing in real time, and bringing the characteristic frequency of the intermediate bearing and the operation parameters at each moment into an intermediate bearing outer ring damage fault characteristic frequency model to obtain the vibration frequency amplitude at each moment;
and 4, judging whether the amplitude of the vibration frequency which is N times of the amplitude of the vibration frequency is equal to a certain amplitude in the vibration signal at the same moment, if so, judging that the intermediate bearing is damaged at the N level at the moment, reminding the intermediate bearing to stop running, and if not, judging that the intermediate bearing is not damaged at the moment, wherein N is a positive integer larger than 0.
Preferably, in step 1, the intermediate bearing characteristic frequency model is expressed as:
wherein C is b The characteristic frequency of the intermediate bearing is D is the diameter of the rolling element, D is the pitch diameter of the bearing, and a is the contact angle of the bearing.
Preferably, in step 2, the intermediate bearing outer ring damage fault characteristic frequency model is expressed as:
K c ＝0.5z(λ 0 ±λ i )C b in the case of the formula 2,
wherein K is c For amplitude of vibration frequency lambda 0 For outer ring frequency conversion, lambda i For the inner ring rotation frequency, z has vibration signal amplitude determined, such as the same direction rotation taking-, opposite direction rotation taking+ of the inner ring and the outer ring of the intermediate bearing.
Preferably, in step 3, the vibration signal is acquired using a vibration sensor or a vibration acceleration sensor.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
aiming at the shafting supporting characteristics that the inner ring and the outer ring of the intermediate bearing rotate simultaneously, the invention adopts the fault characteristic frequency of the outer ring of the intermediate bearing as a judging index, and the fault characteristic frequency of the outer ring of the bearing is extracted and monitored in real time for the intermediate bearing in continuous operation by arranging corresponding monitoring and signal analysis means, so that the damage condition of the bearing is found and judged in real time, thereby realizing the identification of the operation fault of the intermediate bearing. The method can solve the defects of the existing test method, is simple and easy to set, can realize real-time online acquisition in the test process, and can meet the test and use monitoring requirements of different types of intermediate bearings. The method can be used for developing subject tests such as intermediate bearing working condition adaptability assessment and the like, and can also be used for reliability bottoming test assessment, operation monitoring and the like of a power mechanical system.
Because the intermediate bearing outer ring fault characteristic frequency is positioned outside the intermediate bearing, the signal interference is less, and the intermediate bearing outer ring fault characteristic frequency can be accurately and rapidly obtained, the bearing fault is analyzed according to the intermediate bearing outer ring fault characteristic frequency which is rapidly and directly obtained, and the efficiency is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of analyzing the frequency of operational failure characteristics of an intermediate bearing.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Examples:
the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, which is a method for analyzing the frequency of operational failure characteristics of an intermediate bearing, comprising the following steps:
step 1, establishing an intermediate bearing characteristic frequency model according to intermediate bearing structure parameters, and obtaining intermediate bearing characteristic frequency;
step 2, establishing an intermediate bearing outer ring damage fault characteristic frequency model according to the intermediate bearing characteristic frequency;
step 3, collecting operation parameters and vibration signals in the operation process of the intermediate bearing in real time, and bringing the characteristic frequency of the intermediate bearing and the operation parameters at each moment into an intermediate bearing outer ring damage fault characteristic frequency model to obtain the vibration frequency amplitude at each moment;
and 4, judging whether the amplitude of the vibration frequency which is N times of the amplitude of the vibration frequency is equal to a certain amplitude in the vibration signal at the same moment, if so, judging that the intermediate bearing is damaged at the N level at the moment, reminding the intermediate bearing to stop running, and if not, judging that the intermediate bearing is not damaged at the moment, wherein N is a positive integer larger than 0.
In the running process of the intermediate bearing, a vibration sensor or a vibration acceleration sensor can be adopted to obtain a vibration signal sum, and other equipment can be adopted to obtain the outer ring rotating frequency lambda in real time in the running process of the intermediate bearing 0 Inner ring frequency conversion lambda i And z; thereby bringing the three parameters into an intermediate bearing outer ring damage fault characteristic frequency model to obtain vibration frequency amplitude;
the vibration signal is a curve, the abscissa is time, the ordinate is amplitude, if the vibration signal collected within 1 second contains 4 amplitudes which are respectively 2, 4, 7 and 8, and if the vibration signal collected within 1 second is 2, it is judged whether the amplitude of the vibration frequency collected within 1 second is equal to a certain amplitude in the vibration signal, at this time, the amplitude of the vibration signal contains 1 time of the amplitude of the vibration frequency, 2 times of the amplitude of the vibration frequency and 4 times of the amplitude of the vibration frequency, because the situation that 1 time occurs indicates that the damage has occurred to the bearing, the situation that 4 times occurs indicates that the damage degree of the bearing reaches 4 poles, and the bearing position corresponding to the damage at each level, for example, the 4-pole damage may correspond to the serious damage of the bearing component which has affected the load, and the 24-pole damage indicates that the material peeling has occurred to the working surface of the bearing.
According to the characteristic that the inner ring and the outer ring of the intermediate bearing rotate simultaneously, the dynamic bearing change state of the bearing is characterized by the characteristic frequency of operation of the intermediate bearing, and the fault characteristic frequency of the outer ring formed by analysis is monitored and judged, so that the real-time on-line monitoring and judging of the operation fault of the intermediate bearing can be realized.
In this embodiment, in step 1, the intermediate bearing characteristic frequency model is expressed as:
wherein C is b The characteristic frequency of the intermediate bearing is D is the diameter of the rolling element, D is the pitch diameter of the bearing, and a is the contact angle of the bearing.
The rolling element diameter D, the bearing pitch diameter D and the bearing contact angle a are intermediate bearing structure parameters, and the values of the rolling element diameter D, the bearing pitch diameter D and the bearing contact angle a are fixed for the same type of bearing.
In this embodiment, in step 2, the intermediate bearing outer ring damage fault characteristic frequency model is expressed as:
K c ＝0.5z(λ 0 ±λ i )C b in the case of the formula 2,
wherein K is c For amplitude of vibration frequency lambda 0 For outer ring frequency conversion, lambda i For the inner ring rotation frequency, z has vibration signal amplitude determined, such as the same direction rotation taking-, opposite direction rotation taking+ of the inner ring and the outer ring of the intermediate bearing.
In the embodiment, in step 3, the vibration signal is acquired by using a vibration sensor or a vibration acceleration sensor.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the different dependent claims and the features described herein may be combined in ways other than as described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with separate embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (4)
1. A method for analyzing bearing faults by utilizing damage fault characteristic frequency of an intermediate bearing outer ring, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, establishing an intermediate bearing characteristic frequency model according to intermediate bearing structure parameters, and obtaining intermediate bearing characteristic frequency;
step 2, establishing an intermediate bearing outer ring damage fault characteristic frequency model according to the intermediate bearing characteristic frequency;
step 3, collecting operation parameters and vibration signals in the operation process of the intermediate bearing in real time, and bringing the characteristic frequency of the intermediate bearing and the operation parameters at each moment into an intermediate bearing outer ring damage fault characteristic frequency model to obtain the vibration frequency amplitude at each moment;
and 4, judging whether the amplitude of the vibration frequency which is N times of the amplitude of the vibration frequency is equal to a certain amplitude in the vibration signal at the same moment, if so, judging that the intermediate bearing is damaged at the N level at the moment, reminding the intermediate bearing to stop running, and if not, judging that the intermediate bearing is not damaged at the moment, wherein N is a positive integer larger than 0.
2. The method of analyzing bearing failure using intermediate bearing outer race damage failure feature frequency of claim 1, wherein in step 1, the intermediate bearing feature frequency model is expressed as:
wherein C is b The characteristic frequency of the intermediate bearing is D is the diameter of the rolling element, D is the pitch diameter of the bearing, and a is the contact angle of the bearing.
3. The method for analyzing bearing faults by utilizing the damage fault characteristic frequency of the intermediate bearing outer ring according to claim 2, wherein in the step 2, the damage fault characteristic frequency model of the intermediate bearing outer ring is expressed as:
K c ＝0.5z(λ 0 ±λ i )C b in the case of the formula 2,
wherein K is c For amplitude of vibration frequency lambda 0 For outer ring frequency conversion, lambda i For the inner ring rotation frequency, z has vibration signal amplitude determined, such as the same direction rotation taking-, opposite direction rotation taking+ of the inner ring and the outer ring of the intermediate bearing.
4. A method of analyzing bearing failure using intermediate bearing outer race damage failure feature frequency as set forth in claim 3, wherein in step 3, vibration signals are collected using a vibration sensor or a vibration acceleration sensor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311579205.5A CN117782598A (en) | 2023-11-23 | 2023-11-23 | Method for analyzing bearing faults by utilizing damage fault characteristic frequency of intermediate bearing outer ring |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311579205.5A CN117782598A (en) | 2023-11-23 | 2023-11-23 | Method for analyzing bearing faults by utilizing damage fault characteristic frequency of intermediate bearing outer ring |
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| CN202311579205.5A Pending CN117782598A (en) | 2023-11-23 | 2023-11-23 | Method for analyzing bearing faults by utilizing damage fault characteristic frequency of intermediate bearing outer ring |
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