CN117770105B - Intelligent irrigation control method for gardens based on rainfall conditions - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a garden intelligent irrigation control method based on rainfall conditions, and belongs to the technical field of garden irrigation. The method specifically comprises the following steps: collecting data information by using a system configuration module; transmitting the collected data information to a control software system; analyzing and judging irrigation conditions by using a control software system; after the judgment, the system configuration module is controlled by the control software system to irrigate; according to the invention, the influence factors of rainfall events on irrigation are comprehensively analyzed, and the aspects of weather forecast, rainfall and rainfall intensity, the influence of soil humidity on plants and the like are combined, so that various coping strategies such as stopping, restarting and skipping the round of irrigation are comprehensively judged, and the growth of the plants is fully ensured while water is saved; by quantitatively analyzing the natural rainfall condition, an irrigation decision is made, irrigation water is saved, and irrigation accuracy is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garden irrigation, in particular to a garden intelligent irrigation control method based on rainfall conditions.
Background
In the operation management process of the garden irrigation system, intelligent control of the irrigation system is realized, intelligent judgment is needed for various external conditions in the irrigation process, and the time of irrigation and the single irrigation quantity are determined so as to realize water conservation to the greatest extent on the basis of guaranteeing the plant growth effect.
In a general automatic irrigation control arrangement, a simpler control strategy is implemented for the effect of rainfall on irrigation. In the hardware configuration of irrigation systems, a simple rain gauge is provided in the irrigation area to monitor whether rainfall occurs. If rainfall occurs at the same time as irrigation, the system settings stop the irrigation. The rainfall of the rainfall is not considered in the setting, and the actual rainfall is possibly insufficient to achieve the effect of supplementing enough water to the soil, so that the green land is still lack of water, and the growth of plants is influenced. Meanwhile, the condition for restarting the irrigation is not set, and the condition for starting the irrigation can be judged manually and empirically, or the condition for restarting the irrigation can be judged by reaching the threshold value of the soil humidity sensor.
In a general automatic irrigation system, whether irrigation is started or not has great subjectivity, the subsequent irrigation scheme after the automatic irrigation system is interrupted due to rainfall does not comprehensively consider the conditions such as actual water shortage condition of an irrigated land block, actual monitoring value of rainfall, rainfall condition in future weather forecast and the like, and the conditions are deficient in the aspect of irrigation accuracy, so that water resources are wasted, and serious plant water shortage injury is possibly caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing irrigation technology cannot be adjusted according to rainfall conditions, and the irrigation accuracy is required to be further improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The intelligent irrigation control method for gardens based on rainfall conditions specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting data information by using a system configuration module;
step two, transmitting the data information acquired in the step one to a control software system;
analyzing and judging irrigation conditions by using a control software system;
and fourthly, after judging, controlling the system configuration module to irrigate through the control software system.
Preferably, the system configuration module in the first step includes a small automatic weather station module, a soil sensor module, a wireless gateway module, a valve controller module, an electromagnetic valve module, and a weather forecast data module, where the small automatic weather station module, the soil sensor module, the wireless gateway module, the valve controller module, the electromagnetic valve module, the weather forecast data module, and the control software system are connected by an electrical signal.
Further, the small automatic weather station module comprises a tipping bucket type rain gauge, wherein the tipping bucket type rain gauge comprises an inductor and a recorder, and the inductor comprises a water receiver, an upper tipping bucket, a metering tipping bucket, a counting tipping bucket and a reed switch; the recorder comprises a counter, a recording pen, a self-recording clock and a control circuit board.
Further, the soil sensor module comprises a stainless steel probe and a waterproof probe, and is used for carrying out fixed-point monitoring and online measurement on soil moisture content of surface layer and deep layer soil.
Further, the determining rule in the third step includes: system judgment before rainfall, system judgment during rainfall, system judgment after rainfall and judgment of irrigation water quantity during restarting irrigation.
Further, the system judgment before rainfall specifically includes:
a1, when rainfall exists in 48 hours and the rainfall is small rain or less;
a2, when rainfall exists in 48 hours and the rainfall is medium rain or more;
a3, when rainfall exists in 24 hours and the rainfall is small rain or less;
and A4, when rainfall exists in 24 hours and the rainfall is medium rain or more.
Further, the system during rainfall determines that a rainfall event may occur during irrigation due to false positive of weather forecast. Or because the irrigation is started manually, rainfall occurs during the irrigation, and the software system executes the following rules on the control of the irrigation:
b1, if the branch pipe which is in irrigation finishes 90% of the preset irrigation quantity, the branch pipe continuously finishes the preset irrigation quantity, and judging whether to continue the irrigation of the next branch pipe or pause the round of irrigation according to the follow-up rules after the completion;
And B2, if the irrigation quantity completed by the branch pipe which is in irrigation does not reach 90%, judging the rainfall intensity after the rainfall is monitored to reach the rainfall quantity of 1mm by the rainfall meter. If the rainfall intensity reaches 10mm/h, stopping irrigation, otherwise, continuing to irrigate the branch pipe and the subsequent branch pipe irrigation area;
And B3, if the rainfall intensity does not reach 10mm/h, stopping the round of irrigation when the total rainfall reaches 10 mm.
Further, the specific rule of system judgment after rainfall specifically comprises:
And C1, continuously monitoring weather forecast:
when rainfall still exists within 24 hours, continuing to pause irrigation;
When no rainfall is predicted within 48 hours, restarting irrigation is judged according to the early rainfall;
C2, when the weather forecast is in medium to heavy rain for 24 hours, the vehicle is suspended:
if the predicted medium-to-heavy rain does not occur and the rainfall is less than 10mm, rainfall prediction exists within 24 hours in the future, and the irrigation is continuously suspended;
If the predicted medium-to-heavy rain does not occur and the rainfall is less than 10mm, predicting no rainfall in 48 hours in the future, restarting the current round of irrigation, and supplementing the irrigation water;
if the rainfall is greater than 10mm, ending the round of irrigation, and starting the next round of irrigation when the rainfall reaches an irrigation threshold according to the data of the soil humidity sensor;
c3, when irrigation is suspended because rainfall intensity is greater than 10 mm/h:
According to the total rainfall amount measured by the rainfall meter, if the total rainfall amount is smaller than 10mm, rainfall forecast exists within 24 hours in the future, and the irrigation is continuously suspended;
according to the total rainfall amount measured by the rainfall meter, if the total rainfall amount is smaller than 10mm, no rainfall forecast exists in 48 hours in the future, the current round of irrigation is restarted, and the irrigation water amount is complemented;
and if the rainfall is more than 10mm, ending the round of irrigation.
Further, the judging of the irrigation water quantity during restarting irrigation specifically includes:
rainfall increases the water content of the soil, and when the irrigation is restarted, the originally planned irrigation water quantity is reduced; due to evaporation, branch and leaf interception and other reasons during rainfall, rainfall measured by a rainfall meter cannot be completely converted into soil moisture:
When the total rainfall is less than 3mm, the original planned irrigation water quantity is executed, and the rainfall is ignored;
when the rainfall is more than 3mm and less than 10mm, calculating the rainfall according to 40%, and performing nuclear subtraction from the originally planned irrigation water quantity to supplement the irrigation amount of the rest part;
In the irrigation area completed before rainfall, the irrigation water quantity of the round is completed excessively, and restarting irrigation is started from a branch pipe which is suspended when rainfall begins; since the branch pipe has completed the partial irrigation, if the planned irrigation quantity of the irrigation area can be reached after the nuclear-reduced rainfall is added, the irrigation area is skipped, and irrigation is started from the next irrigation area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a garden intelligent irrigation control method based on rainfall conditions, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the intelligent irrigation control method for gardens based on rainfall conditions, comprehensive analysis is carried out on influence factors of rainfall events on irrigation, and various coping strategies such as pause, restarting and skipping of the round of irrigation are comprehensively judged according to weather forecast, rainfall and influence of rainfall intensity on plants and the like, so that water is saved, plant growth is fully ensured, and common cognition that common tourists cannot irrigate simultaneously when raining is also taken care of; by quantitatively analyzing the natural rainfall condition, an irrigation decision is made, irrigation water is saved, and irrigation accuracy is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling intelligent irrigation in gardens based on rainfall conditions.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the intelligent irrigation control method for gardens based on rainfall conditions specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting data information by using a system configuration module;
step two, transmitting the data information acquired in the step one to a control software system;
analyzing and judging irrigation conditions by using a control software system;
and fourthly, after judging, controlling the system configuration module to irrigate through the control software system.
The system configuration module comprises a small automatic weather station module, a soil sensor module, a wireless gateway module, a valve controller module, an electromagnetic valve module and a weather forecast data module, wherein the small automatic weather station module, the soil sensor module, the wireless gateway module, the valve controller module, the electromagnetic valve module, the weather forecast data module and the control software system are connected through electrical signals.
The small automatic weather station module comprises a tipping bucket type rain gauge, wherein the tipping bucket type rain gauge comprises an inductor and a recorder, and the inductor comprises a water receiver, an upper tipping bucket, a metering tipping bucket, a counting tipping bucket and a reed switch; the recorder comprises a counter, a recording pen, a self-recording clock and a control circuit board.
The small automatic weather station module is a commercially available weather station.
The soil sensor module comprises a stainless steel probe and a waterproof probe, can be buried in soil in an irrigation area for a long time and is used for fixed-point monitoring and online measurement of soil moisture content of surface layer and deep layer soil.
In the use process, the water content monitoring data can be transmitted to a software system by being matched with a data collector.
The wireless gateway module is a LORA wireless intelligent gateway, and the valve controller module is a LORA wireless valve controller;
The wireless intelligent gateway can be connected with a network through the 4G/5G Internet of things card, has certain wall penetrating capacity and anti-interference capacity, can collect, send and receive LORA signals, receives control signals sent by a software system to the LORA wireless valve controller, can control the irrigation branch pipe electromagnetic valve, and achieves the control requirement of automatic irrigation.
The electromagnetic valve module is used as a control valve of the irrigation area branch pipe, and the valve is controlled to be opened and closed by the Lora wireless valve controller; when the software system sends a command to the valve controller, the valve controller controls the valve to be opened, the waterway of the irrigation area branch pipe is communicated, and irrigation starts.
The decision rule in the third step includes: system judgment before rainfall, system judgment during rainfall, system judgment after rainfall and judgment of irrigation water quantity during restarting irrigation.
The system judgment before rainfall specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, when rainfall exists in 48 hours and the rainfall is small rain or less;
because the rainfall of the small rain is insufficient to meet the requirement of primary irrigation, if the plants reach the critical irrigation requirement, the irrigation requirement is met firstly; according to the continuous decreasing trend of the soil moisture sensor, judging whether the humidity of the soil is close to an irrigation threshold value after 48 hours, and if the humidity of the soil reaches or exceeds 10% of the threshold value after 48 hours, starting irrigation. Otherwise, not starting;
a2, when rainfall exists in 48 hours and the rainfall is medium rain or more;
Because the rainfall in the middle rain or above can meet the requirement of primary irrigation, even if the plants reach the critical irrigation requirement, the irrigation can be stopped; judging whether the humidity of the soil is greater than 10% of a threshold value after 48 hours according to the continuous decreasing trend of the soil moisture sensor, and not starting irrigation; less than 10% of the threshold or reaching the irrigation threshold, the system being configured to halt irrigation; after the rainfall is generated, judging whether to restart the round of irrigation or skip the round of irrigation according to the actual rainfall monitored by the rainfall gauge.
A3, when rainfall exists in 24 hours and the rainfall is small rain or less;
Judging whether the humidity of the soil is close to an irrigation threshold value after 24 hours according to the continuous decreasing trend of the soil moisture sensor, and if the humidity of the soil reaches or is greater than 5% of the threshold value after 24 hours, starting irrigation; otherwise, not starting.
A4, when rainfall exists in 24 hours and the rainfall is medium rain or more;
And judging whether the humidity of the soil is greater than 5% of the threshold value after 24 hours according to the continuous decreasing trend of the soil moisture sensor, and not starting irrigation. Less than 5% of the threshold or reaching the irrigation threshold, the system being configured to halt irrigation; after the rainfall is generated, judging whether to restart the round of irrigation or skip the round of irrigation according to the actual rainfall monitored by the rainfall gauge.
The system at the time of rainfall judges that rainfall events may occur during irrigation due to false alarms of weather forecast. Or because the irrigation is started manually, rainfall occurs during the irrigation, and the software system executes the following rules on the control of the irrigation:
b1, if the branch pipe which is in irrigation finishes 90% of the preset irrigation quantity, the branch pipe continuously finishes the preset irrigation quantity, and judging whether to continue the irrigation of the next branch pipe or pause the round of irrigation according to the follow-up rules after the completion;
And B2, if the irrigation quantity completed by the branch pipe which is in irrigation does not reach 90%, judging the rainfall intensity after the rainfall is monitored to reach the rainfall quantity of 1mm by the rainfall meter. If the rainfall intensity reaches 10mm/h, stopping irrigation, otherwise, continuing to irrigate the branch pipe and the subsequent branch pipe irrigation area;
And B3, if the rainfall intensity does not reach 10mm/h, stopping the round of irrigation when the total rainfall reaches 10 mm.
The specific system judgment rules after rainfall comprise:
And C1, continuously monitoring weather forecast:
when rainfall still exists within 24 hours, continuing to pause irrigation;
When no rainfall is predicted within 48 hours, restarting irrigation is judged according to the early rainfall;
C2, when the weather forecast is in medium to heavy rain for 24 hours, the vehicle is suspended:
if the predicted medium-to-heavy rain does not occur and the rainfall is less than 10mm, rainfall prediction exists within 24 hours in the future, and the irrigation is continuously suspended;
If the predicted medium-to-heavy rain does not occur and the rainfall is less than 10mm, predicting no rainfall in 48 hours in the future, restarting the current round of irrigation, and supplementing the irrigation water;
if the rainfall is greater than 10mm, ending the round of irrigation, and starting the next round of irrigation when the rainfall reaches an irrigation threshold according to the data of the soil humidity sensor;
c3, when irrigation is suspended because rainfall intensity is greater than 10 mm/h:
According to the total rainfall amount measured by the rainfall meter, if the total rainfall amount is smaller than 10mm, rainfall forecast exists within 24 hours in the future, and the irrigation is continuously suspended;
according to the total rainfall amount measured by the rainfall meter, if the total rainfall amount is smaller than 10mm, no rainfall forecast exists in 48 hours in the future, the current round of irrigation is restarted, and the irrigation water amount is complemented;
If the rainfall is more than 10mm, ending the round of irrigation; and the subsequent irrigation starts the next round of irrigation according to the data of the soil humidity sensor when the irrigation threshold value is reached.
The judgment of the irrigation water quantity during restarting irrigation specifically comprises the following steps:
rainfall increases the water content of the soil, and when the irrigation is restarted, the originally planned irrigation water quantity is reduced; due to evaporation, branch and leaf interception and other reasons during rainfall, rainfall measured by a rainfall meter cannot be completely converted into soil moisture:
When the total rainfall is less than 3mm, the original planned irrigation water quantity is executed, and the rainfall is ignored;
when the rainfall is more than 3mm and less than 10mm, calculating the rainfall according to 40%, and performing nuclear subtraction from the originally planned irrigation water quantity to supplement the irrigation amount of the rest part;
In the irrigation area completed before rainfall, the irrigation water quantity of the round is completed excessively, and restarting irrigation is started from a branch pipe which is suspended when rainfall begins; since the branch pipe has completed the partial irrigation, if the planned irrigation quantity of the irrigation area can be reached after the nuclear-reduced rainfall is added, the irrigation area is skipped, and irrigation is started from the next irrigation area.
When in use, the specific process is as follows:
The data acquisition process comprises the following steps:
A. Weather forecast data:
And reading the forecast of the current day and 48 hours from the weather forecast system 8:00 per day, performing text analysis, grabbing rainfall keywords, and analyzing the rainfall in the future. This data is used as a basis for whether irrigation is suspended or started on the same day.
B. Soil moisture sensor data:
And (3) reading soil humidity data from the data acquisition device every 10min, analyzing the soil humidity reduction amount at intervals of 3 hours, and judging the change trend of the soil humidity in a certain time in the future.
C. Rainfall data:
and the rainfall data is read from the automatic weather station every 2min, and when the rainfall intensity is analyzed, the change value of 2min is used as a calculation basis, so that the irrigation system can be stopped in time when the rainfall intensity becomes large.
D. solenoid valve status:
And sending an instruction for opening or closing the electromagnetic valve to the electromagnetic valve of the irrigation area branch pipe through the gateway and the valve controller, and recording the current state of the electromagnetic valve.
Determination of irrigation conditions by software:
After the data are collected, the software monitors that the soil humidity continuously drops according to the data of the soil humidity sensor, when the soil humidity is greater than 20% of a threshold value for starting irrigation, the weather forecast text starts to be analyzed on the next day, when no keyword of rainfall appears in the weather forecast text, the software judges when to start an irrigation system according to the normal condition, and when the rainfall keyword appears in the weather forecast, the information of rainfall time, rainfall grade and the like is extracted, and the irrigation strategy is implemented.
Instructions and feedback of the software to the hardware system when irrigation is started and suspended:
When the software system judges that irrigation is started or stopped, an instruction is sent to a wireless gateway installed on the site through a 4G network, and after the wireless gateway receives a signal, a command for opening or closing the electromagnetic valve is sent to the LORA wireless valve controller. The valve controller controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve in a wireless or wired mode, so that the control and management of the irrigation system by software are realized.
According to the invention, comprehensive analysis is carried out on the influence factors of rainfall events on irrigation, and the aspects of weather forecast, rainfall and the influence of rainfall intensity, soil humidity and the like are combined, so that various coping strategies such as stopping, restarting, skipping the round of irrigation and the like are comprehensively judged, the water is saved, the growth of the plants is fully ensured, and the general cognition that common tourists cannot irrigate simultaneously when raining is also taken care of; by quantitatively analyzing the natural rainfall condition, an irrigation decision is made, irrigation water is saved, and irrigation accuracy is obviously improved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The intelligent irrigation control method for gardens based on rainfall conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, collecting data information by using a system configuration module;
step two, transmitting the data information acquired in the step one to a control software system;
analyzing and judging irrigation conditions by using a control software system;
fourthly, after judgment, controlling a system configuration module to irrigate through a control software system;
The decision rule in the third step includes: system judgment before rainfall, system judgment during rainfall, system judgment after rainfall and judgment of irrigation water quantity during restarting irrigation;
The system judgment before rainfall specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, when rainfall exists in 48 hours and the rainfall is small rain or less;
a2, when rainfall exists in 48 hours and the rainfall is medium rain or more;
a3, when rainfall exists in 24 hours and the rainfall is small rain or less;
a4, when rainfall exists in 24 hours and the rainfall is medium rain or more;
the system during rainfall judges that rainfall events occur during irrigation due to false alarms of weather forecast; or because the irrigation is started manually, rainfall occurs during the irrigation, and the software system executes the following rules on the control of the irrigation:
B1, if the branch pipe which is in irrigation finishes 90% of the preset irrigation quantity, the branch pipe continuously finishes the preset irrigation quantity, and judging whether to continue the irrigation of the next branch pipe or pause the round of irrigation according to the follow-up rules after the completion;
b2, if the irrigation quantity completed by the branch pipe which is in irrigation does not reach 90%, judging the rainfall intensity after the rainfall is monitored to reach the rainfall of 1mm by the rainfall meter; if the rainfall intensity reaches 10mm/h, stopping irrigation, otherwise, continuing to irrigate the branch pipe and the subsequent branch pipe irrigation area;
And B3, if the rainfall intensity does not reach 10mm/h, stopping the round of irrigation when the total rainfall reaches 10 mm.
2. The intelligent irrigation control method for gardens based on rainfall conditions according to claim 1, wherein the system configuration module in the step one comprises a small automatic weather station module, a soil sensor module, a wireless gateway module, a valve controller module, an electromagnetic valve module and a weather forecast data module, and the small automatic weather station module, the soil sensor module, the wireless gateway module, the valve controller module, the electromagnetic valve module, the weather forecast data module and the control software system are connected through telecommunication signals.
3. The intelligent irrigation control method for gardens based on rainfall conditions according to claim 2, wherein the small automatic weather station module comprises a skip type rain gauge, the skip type rain gauge comprises an inductor and a recorder, and the inductor comprises a water receiver, an upper skip, a metering skip, a counting skip and a reed switch; the recorder comprises a counter, a recording pen, a self-recording clock and a control circuit board.
4. The intelligent irrigation control method for gardens based on rainfall conditions according to claim 2, wherein the soil sensor module comprises a stainless steel probe and a waterproof probe and is used for carrying out fixed-point monitoring and online measurement of soil moisture content of surface and deep soil.
5. The intelligent irrigation control method for gardens based on rainfall conditions as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific rules of system judgment after rainfall specifically comprise:
And C1, continuously monitoring weather forecast:
when rainfall still exists within 24 hours, continuing to pause irrigation;
When no rainfall is predicted within 48 hours, restarting irrigation is judged according to the early rainfall;
C2, when the weather forecast is in medium to heavy rain for 24 hours, the vehicle is suspended:
if the predicted medium-to-heavy rain does not occur and the rainfall is less than 10mm, rainfall prediction exists within 24 hours in the future, and the irrigation is continuously suspended;
If the predicted medium-to-heavy rain does not occur and the rainfall is less than 10mm, predicting no rainfall in 48 hours in the future, restarting the current round of irrigation, and supplementing the irrigation water;
if the rainfall is greater than 10mm, ending the round of irrigation, and starting the next round of irrigation when the rainfall reaches an irrigation threshold according to the data of the soil humidity sensor;
c3, when irrigation is suspended because rainfall intensity is greater than 10 mm/h:
According to the total rainfall amount measured by the rainfall meter, if the total rainfall amount is smaller than 10mm, rainfall forecast exists within 24 hours in the future, and the irrigation is continuously suspended;
according to the total rainfall amount measured by the rainfall meter, if the total rainfall amount is smaller than 10mm, no rainfall forecast exists in 48 hours in the future, the current round of irrigation is restarted, and the irrigation water amount is complemented;
and if the rainfall is more than 10mm, ending the round of irrigation.
6. The intelligent irrigation control method for gardens based on rainfall conditions according to claim 2, wherein the judgment of the irrigation water quantity during restarting irrigation specifically comprises:
rainfall increases the water content of the soil, and when the irrigation is restarted, the originally planned irrigation water quantity is reduced; due to evaporation and branch and leaf entrapment during rainfall, the rainfall measured by the rain gauge cannot be fully converted into soil moisture:
When the total rainfall is less than 3mm, the original planned irrigation water quantity is executed, and the rainfall is ignored;
When the rainfall is more than 3mm and less than 10mm, calculating the rainfall according to 40%, and performing nuclear subtraction from the originally planned irrigation water quantity to supplement the irrigation amount of the rest part;
In the irrigation area completed before rainfall, the irrigation water quantity of the round is completed excessively, and restarting irrigation is started from a branch pipe which is suspended when rainfall begins; since the branch pipe has completed the partial irrigation, if the planned irrigation quantity of the irrigation area can be reached after the nuclear-reduced rainfall is added, the irrigation area is skipped, and irrigation is started from the next irrigation area.
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