CN117767484A - Control system, energy storage system and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a control system, an energy storage system and a control method, wherein the control system comprises a main node and a sub-node, the main node is arranged in an energy storage controller, the sub-node is arranged in a battery cluster, and the main node and the sub-node are communicated in a wireless connection mode, so that the problems of data packet loss and the like caused by the breakage of a communication wire harness can be avoided. And meanwhile, the performance prediction result of the battery cluster is obtained through the central controller based on the battery cluster data prediction, so that the risk of the energy storage system can be predicted in advance, and an effective early warning effect is achieved. In addition, as the number of the sub-nodes corresponding to each main node is controllable, when a certain main node is damaged or is offline, the sub-node of the main node can immediately communicate with other main nodes, so that data blocking caused by the problems of large data size, full bandwidth and the like of factor nodes can be avoided, further, the data transmission and charge and discharge control in the system are smoother, and the system safety is improved.

Description

Control system, energy storage system and control method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage control, in particular to a control system, an energy storage system and a control method.

Background

Currently, the battery cells of a battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) generally adopt a wired connection mode for data interaction. In the actual use process, the communication wire harness among the electric cores is easy to be influenced by a high-voltage cable, and the problems of data packet loss, untimely response and the like are easily caused. In addition, the communication wire harness is easy to damage and age, so that the installation and transportation costs are high, and the workload of manual operation and maintenance is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a control system, an energy storage system and a control method, which are used for solving the problem of low reliability of communication wire harnesses in a BMS and reducing the labor operation and maintenance cost.

In order to solve the technical problem, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a control system, including a main node and a sub node, the sub node is disposed in a battery cluster, wherein the main node and the sub node communicate by adopting a wireless connection mode, the main node is connected to a central controller, and the central controller is configured to execute the following steps:

acquiring battery cluster data, wherein the battery cluster data comprises operation data of a battery cluster at a first moment, and the operation data is acquired through a child node and transmitted to a main node;

and predicting the performance prediction result of the battery cluster based on the battery cluster data by adopting a performance prediction model, wherein the performance prediction result comprises the operation data of the battery cluster predicted by the performance prediction model at a second moment, and the second moment is later than the first moment.

Optionally, the main node includes a first antenna and a first acquisition module, where the first acquisition module is connected to the central controller by a wired connection mode; the sub-node comprises a second antenna and a second acquisition module, wherein the second acquisition module is connected to the battery cell group in the battery cluster in a wired connection mode.

Optionally, the first acquisition module is in wired connection with the central controller through a universal synchronous asynchronous serial receiving transmitter USART; the second acquisition module is connected with the battery cell group in the battery cluster in a wired way through the analog front end AFE.

Optionally, the master nodes are provided with j, wherein each master node corresponds to k child nodes, j is greater than one, k is not more than one half of the maximum number of accommodated nodes of the respective master node, and the maximum number of accommodated nodes is associated with the hardware parameter of the respective master node.

Optionally, the central controller is further configured to: acquiring historical data of a battery cluster, wherein the historical data of the battery cluster comprises operation data of the battery cluster at historical time; and carrying out multiple rounds of iterative training on the performance prediction model by adopting the battery cluster historical data, calculating a prediction error value by adopting an error back propagation BP algorithm in each round of training, and adjusting model parameters of the performance prediction model based on the prediction error value.

Optionally, the central controller is further configured to: judging whether the child node is lost or not; if yes, a reconnection instruction is sent to the main node so that the sub-node is reconnected to the main node.

Optionally, the central controller is further configured to: generating control information according to the performance prediction result, wherein the control information comprises control parameters configured for a battery cell group in a battery cluster; and transmitting control information to the battery cluster so that the battery cluster controls the battery cell group based on the control information, wherein the control information is transmitted to the child node through the main node.

Optionally, the control parameter includes any one or combination of a current threshold, a temperature threshold, a total voltage threshold, and an insulation threshold of the cell group.

In a second aspect, the present application provides an energy storage system comprising m battery clusters and a control system according to any one of the first aspect, m being an integer greater than one.

Optionally, n sub-nodes are provided in each battery cluster, where n is the sum of the number of high-voltage control boxes and the number of cell groups in the corresponding battery cluster.

Optionally, in the battery cluster, a wired connection mode is adopted between the high-voltage control box and the battery cell group for communication.

Optionally, in the cell group, a plurality of cells are connected in series in a daisy chain connection manner.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a control method applied to the central controller according to any one of the first aspect and the second aspect, including:

acquiring battery cluster data, wherein the battery cluster data comprises operation data of a battery cluster at a first moment, and the operation data is acquired through a child node and transmitted to a main node;

and predicting the performance prediction result of the battery cluster based on the battery cluster data by adopting a performance prediction model, wherein the performance prediction result comprises the operation data of the battery cluster predicted by the performance prediction model at a second moment, and the second moment is later than the first moment.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

acquiring historical data of a battery cluster, wherein the historical data of the battery cluster comprises operation data of the battery cluster at historical time; and carrying out multiple rounds of iterative training on the performance prediction model by adopting the battery cluster historical data, calculating a prediction error value by adopting an error back propagation BP algorithm in each round of training, and adjusting model parameters of the performance prediction model based on the prediction error value.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

judging whether the child node is lost or not; if yes, a reconnection instruction is sent to the main node so that the sub-node is reconnected to the main node.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

generating control information according to the performance prediction result, wherein the control information comprises control parameters configured for a battery cell group in a battery cluster; and transmitting control information to the battery cluster so that the battery cluster controls the battery cell group based on the control information, wherein the control information is transmitted to the child node through the main node.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the invention provides a control system, an energy storage system and a control method, wherein the control system comprises a main node and a sub-node, the main node is arranged in an energy storage controller, the sub-node is arranged in a battery cluster, and the main node and the sub-node are communicated in a wireless connection mode, so that the problems of data packet loss and the like caused by the breakage of a communication wire harness can be avoided. And meanwhile, the performance prediction result of the battery cluster is obtained through the central controller based on the battery cluster data prediction, so that the risk of the energy storage system can be predicted in advance, and an effective early warning effect is achieved.

Furthermore, according to the control system, the energy storage system and the control method, as the number of the sub-nodes corresponding to each main node is controllable, when a certain main node is damaged or is offline, the sub-node of the main node can immediately communicate with other main nodes, so that data blocking caused by the problems of large data size, full bandwidth and the like of factor nodes can be avoided, further, the data transmission and charge and discharge control in the system are smoother, and the system safety is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a master node according to an embodiment of the present application

FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic views of a sub-node according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a high voltage control box according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of an operational data transfer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of another operational data transfer provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a model training flow chart according to an embodiment of the present application

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of control information transmission according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a flowchart of a control method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present application may be applied to other similar situations according to the drawings without inventive effort. Unless otherwise apparent from the context of the language or otherwise specified, like reference numerals in the figures refer to like structures or operations.

The embodiment of the application provides a control system, an energy storage system and a control method, which are used for solving the problem of low reliability of a communication wire harness in a BMS and reducing the artificial operation and maintenance cost.

As shown in fig. 1, the energy storage system may include m battery clusters 1, m being an integer greater than one. The m battery clusters 1 may be connected in parallel. The battery pack 1 may include i cell groups 11, i being an integer greater than one, and a high voltage control box 12. The i cell groups 11 can be connected in parallel or in series. For example, i cell groups 11 may be connected in parallel. Further, the i battery cell groups 11 can be respectively communicated with the high voltage control box 12 by adopting a wired connection mode, for example, high voltage wire bundles are adopted for communication. As in fig. 1, the control system of the energy storage system may comprise a main node 2 and a sub-node 3. The master node 2 may be connected to a central controller 4. The sub-node 3 may be connected to the battery 11 or the high voltage controller 12. As an example, the master node 2 may be provided with j, which are connected to the central controller 4. The child node 3 may be provided with n in each battery cluster 1, where n is the sum of the numbers of the cell groups 11 and the high voltage control boxes 12 in the corresponding battery cluster 1. For example, n sub-nodes 3 may be disposed in one battery cluster 1, where n may be j+1, that is, it means that j sub-nodes 3 are disposed in the battery cluster 1 and connected to corresponding cell groups 11, and one sub-node 3 is disposed and connected to corresponding high voltage control box 12.

In one implementation, as in fig. 2, the master node 2 may include a first antenna 21 and a first acquisition module 22. The first acquisition module 22 may be wired to the central controller 4 via a universal synchronous asynchronous serial receiver Transmitter (Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, USART). As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the sub-node 3 may include a second antenna 31 and a second acquisition module 32. The second acquisition module 32 may be wired to the battery cell stack 11 in the battery cluster 1 through an analog front end AFE. In one possible design, the cell stack 11 may include a plurality of cells 110, and the plurality of cells 110 may be connected in series in a daisy-chain fashion. The plurality of cells 110 may be arranged in a substantially matrix, wherein the cells 110 in two adjacent rows may be connected in series through a serial peripheral interface (Serial Peripheral Interface, SPI) and an Analog Front End (AFE). The second acquisition module 32 may be wired to the analog front end corresponding to the first row of cells 110 through a serial peripheral interface.

In one possible design, the high voltage control box 12 may include a plurality of sensors and detection circuitry, which may be relays/contactors or temperature or current sensors, etc. The detection circuit may be a total voltage detection circuit, an insulation detection circuit, a resistance detection circuit, or the like. As shown in fig. 5, the second acquisition module 32 may be wired to connect the detection circuits and sensors. The wired connection may be bus connection or interface connection. For example, the bus connection may be a CAN bus or an I2C bus, and the interface connection may be based on an SPI interface, which is not limited.

As shown in fig. 6, when a child node 32 collects operational data for a cell stack 11, it packages the data and adds it to a data queue. This data is then transmitted from the child node 3 to the master node 2. If the transmission times out, the data is cancelled from the queue to wait for retransmission. In the data transmission process, the child node 3 determines whether the wireless communication with the corresponding master node 2 is normal, and if the communication is abnormal, other surrounding master nodes 2 are searched, so that the data is transmitted to the found other master nodes 2.

As such, the second acquisition module 32 may acquire operational data corresponding to the battery cell stack 11, and may acquire operational data corresponding to the high voltage control box 12. The operational data includes, for example, temperature, voltage, internal resistance, etc., detected by all of the cells 110. These operational data may be transmitted wirelessly at the first antenna 21 and the second antenna 31.

In one implementation, each master node 2 may be set for k child nodes 3, where k is no more than half the maximum number of hosting nodes for the respective master node. The maximum number of containment nodes is associated with the hardware parameters of the corresponding master node. That is, a single master node 2 may only correspond to accommodate one-half of its maximum number of accommodated nodes. In this way, in the case that the main node 2 is damaged and the transmission is abnormal, the staff can quickly connect the sub-nodes 3 corresponding to the damaged main node 2 to other main nodes 2, thereby increasing the safety and reliability of wireless transmission.

As shown in fig. 7, the central controller 4 may read the operation data transmitted from the sub-node 3 and determine whether the sub-node 3 is lost. Specifically, if it is found that a certain cell group 11 exists in a certain cell cluster 1 or the sub-node 3 corresponding to the high voltage control box 12 fails to transmit operation data to the central controller 4, the central controller 4 may send a reconnection instruction to the master node 2 corresponding to this sub-node 3. After receiving the reconnection instruction, the corresponding master node 2 can search the surrounding child nodes 3 again to reconnect the child nodes 3. Under the condition that the reconnection of the main node 2 fails, the central controller 4 can trigger a fault alarm, so that the operator can check conveniently. If no loss of the child node 3 is found, the central controller 4 may aggregate the operation data transmitted by all the child nodes 3. Alternatively, the central controller 4 may calculate the state of charge SOC, the state of operation SOH, etc. of the battery cluster 11 from the summarized operation data so as to monitor the specific condition of the battery cluster 1. And then judging whether the summarized data is abnormal, and triggering a fault alarm if the summarized data is abnormal.

In the control system provided in this embodiment, the central controller 4 may obtain the operation data of the battery cells 110 in all the battery clusters 1 through the master node 2. As shown in fig. 8, the central controller 4 may obtain the battery cluster history data collected by the child node 3 through the master node 2. The battery cluster history data may include operation data of the battery cluster 1 at a history time, and the history time may be any time when the battery cluster 1 is under a specified history condition. Subsequently, the central controller 4 may train the performance prediction model with the battery cluster history data. The performance prediction model may be a neural network model. In the training process, the performance prediction model can predict the performance of the battery cluster 1 according to the input battery cluster history data, and an error Back Propagation (BP) algorithm can be adopted to calculate a prediction error value between the performance prediction result and the real situation. And then, the model parameters of the performance prediction model can be adjusted based on the prediction error value until the performance prediction model meets the training conditions, so that the performance of the battery cluster can be predicted more accurately.

The central controller 4 may acquire the battery cluster data. The battery cluster data may include operation data of the battery cluster 1 at the first time. Subsequently, the central controller 4 may predict the performance prediction result of the battery cluster 1 based on the battery cluster data using the performance prediction model. The performance prediction result may include the operation data of the battery cluster 1 at the second time predicted by the performance prediction model. For example, the predicted temperature, voltage, internal resistance, etc. of the battery cluster 1 at the second time. In this way, a risk prediction can be performed based on the performance prediction result to avoid a risk that may occur in the battery cluster 1.

As shown in fig. 9, the central controller 4 may generate control information according to the performance prediction result, and the control information may include control parameters configured for the battery cell groups in the battery cluster. By way of example, the control parameters may include any one or combination of a current threshold, a temperature threshold, a total voltage threshold, and an insulation threshold of the cell stack 11. The central controller 4 may transmit control information to the control devices required in the battery cluster 1, for example, to the high-voltage control box 12. The high-voltage control box 12 can control the current, temperature, etc. of the corresponding cell group 11 according to these control parameters indicated by the control information. The control result is then transmitted to the master node 2 via the child node 3. The child node 3 determines whether or not the wireless communication with the corresponding master node 2 is normal, and if the communication is abnormal, searches for other master nodes 2 around the node, and transmits the data to the found other master nodes 2.

As shown in fig. 10, the present application further provides a control method, which may be implemented by the central controller as any one of the above, for example, may be implemented by the central controller 4, including:

s1001, acquiring battery cluster data, wherein the battery cluster data comprise operation data of a battery cluster at a first moment, and the operation data are acquired through a child node and transmitted to a master node.

S1002, predicting the performance prediction result of the battery cluster based on the battery cluster data by adopting a performance prediction model, wherein the performance prediction result comprises the operation data of the battery cluster predicted by the performance prediction model at a second moment, and the second moment is later than the first moment.

Optionally, the control method further includes: s1003, acquiring battery cluster history data, wherein the battery cluster history data comprises operation data of a battery cluster at a history moment; and carrying out multiple rounds of iterative training on the performance prediction model by adopting the battery cluster historical data, calculating a prediction error value by adopting an error back propagation BP algorithm in each round of training, and adjusting model parameters of the performance prediction model based on the prediction error value.

Optionally, the control method further includes: s1004, judging whether the child node is lost or not; if yes, a reconnection instruction is sent to the main node so that the sub-node is reconnected to the main node.

Optionally, the control method further includes: s1005, generating control information according to the performance prediction result, wherein the control information comprises control parameters configured for the battery cell group in the battery cluster; and transmitting control information to the battery cluster so that the battery cluster controls the battery cell group based on the control information, wherein the control information is transmitted to the child node through the main node.

The invention provides a control system, an energy storage system and a control method, wherein the control system comprises a main node and a sub-node, the main node is arranged in an energy storage controller, the sub-node is arranged in a battery cluster, and the main node and the sub-node are communicated in a wireless connection mode, so that the problems of data packet loss and the like caused by the breakage of a communication wire harness can be avoided. And meanwhile, the performance prediction result of the battery cluster is obtained through the central controller based on the battery cluster data prediction, so that the risk of the energy storage system can be predicted in advance, and an effective early warning effect is achieved.

Furthermore, according to the control system, the energy storage system and the control method, as the number of the sub-nodes corresponding to each main node is controllable, when a certain main node is damaged or is offline, the sub-node of the main node can immediately communicate with other main nodes, so that data blocking caused by the problems of large data size, full bandwidth and the like of factor nodes can be avoided, further, the data transmission and charge and discharge control in the system are smoother, and the system safety is improved.

It should be noted that in order to simplify the presentation of the disclosure herein and thereby aid in understanding one or more inventive embodiments, various features are sometimes incorporated into one embodiment, the drawings, or the description thereof, in the foregoing description of embodiments of the present disclosure. This method of disclosure, however, is not intended to imply that more features than are presented in the claims are required for the subject application. Indeed, less than all of the features of a single embodiment disclosed above.

In some embodiments, numbers describing the components, number of attributes are used, it being understood that such numbers being used in the description of embodiments are modified in some examples by the modifier "about," approximately, "or" substantially. Unless otherwise indicated, "about," "approximately," or "substantially" indicate that the number allows for a 20% variation. Accordingly, in some embodiments, numerical parameters set forth in the specification and claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and employ a method for preserving the general number of digits. Although the numerical ranges and parameters set forth herein are approximations that may be employed in some embodiments to confirm the breadth of the range, in particular embodiments, the setting of such numerical values is as precise as possible.

While the present application has been described with reference to the present specific embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only, and that various equivalent changes or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, and therefore, all changes and modifications to the embodiments described above are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (13)

1. The control system is characterized by comprising a main node and a sub-node, wherein the sub-node is arranged in a battery cluster, the main node and the sub-node are communicated in a wireless connection mode, the main node is connected with a central controller, and the central controller is used for executing the following steps:

acquiring battery cluster data, wherein the battery cluster data comprises operation data of the battery cluster at a first moment, and the operation data is acquired through the child node and transmitted to the main node;

and predicting the performance prediction result of the battery cluster based on the battery cluster data by adopting a performance prediction model, wherein the performance prediction result comprises the operation data of the battery cluster, which is predicted by the performance prediction model, at a second moment, and the second moment is later than the first moment.

2. The control system of claim 1, wherein the master node comprises a first antenna and a first acquisition module, wherein the first acquisition module is connected to the central controller in a wired connection; the sub-node comprises a second antenna and a second acquisition module, wherein the second acquisition module is connected to the battery cell group in the battery cluster in a wired connection mode.

3. The control system of claim 2, wherein the first acquisition module is wired to the central controller through a universal synchronous asynchronous serial receiver transmitter USART; and the second acquisition module is connected with the battery cell group in the battery cluster in a wired manner through an analog front end AFE.

4. A control system according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the master nodes are provided with j, wherein each master node corresponds to k child nodes, j being greater than one, k not exceeding one half of a maximum number of accommodated nodes of the respective master node, said maximum number of accommodated nodes being associated with a hardware parameter of the respective master node.

5. A control system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the central controller is further configured to: acquiring historical data of a battery cluster, wherein the historical data of the battery cluster comprises operation data of the battery cluster at historical time; and carrying out multiple rounds of iterative training on the performance prediction model by adopting the battery cluster historical data, calculating a prediction error value by adopting an error back propagation BP algorithm in each round of training, and adjusting model parameters of the performance prediction model based on the prediction error value.

6. A control system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the central controller is further configured to: judging whether the child node is lost or not; if yes, a reconnection instruction is sent to the main node so that the child node is reconnected to the main node.

7. A control system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the central controller is further configured to: generating control information according to the performance prediction result, wherein the control information comprises control parameters configured for a battery cell group in the battery cluster; and transmitting the control information to the battery cluster so that the battery cluster controls the battery cell group based on the control information, wherein the control information is transmitted to the child node through the main node.

8. The control system of claim 7, wherein the control parameters include any one or a combination of a current threshold, a temperature threshold, a total voltage threshold, and an insulation threshold of the battery cell group.

9. An energy storage system comprising m clusters of cells and a control system according to any one of claims 1-9, m being an integer greater than one.

10. The energy storage system of claim 9, wherein n sub-nodes are provided in each battery cluster, n being the sum of the number of high voltage control boxes and the number of cell groups in the respective battery cluster.

11. The energy storage system of claim 10, wherein the high voltage control box and the battery pack are in communication via a wired connection.

12. The energy storage system of claim 11, wherein the plurality of cells in the battery pack are connected in series in a daisy chain fashion.

13. A control method, applied to a central controller according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising:

acquiring battery cluster data, wherein the battery cluster data comprises operation data of the battery cluster at a first moment, and the operation data is acquired through the child node and transmitted to the main node;

and predicting the performance prediction result of the battery cluster based on the battery cluster data by adopting a performance prediction model, wherein the performance prediction result comprises the operation data of the battery cluster, which is predicted by the performance prediction model, at a second moment, and the second moment is later than the first moment.