CN117758252A - Method for improving iron-based cladding coating on ship steel surface by utilizing rare earth oxide - Google Patents
Method for improving iron-based cladding coating on ship steel surface by utilizing rare earth oxide Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the surface property of ship steel by utilizing rare earth oxide, and relates to a method for improving the surface property of high-strength ship structural steel. In the preparation process of the corrosion-resistant coating, stainless steel powder, composite rare earth oxide and fluoride powder are coated on a part to be repaired of ship steel by using water-resistant glue in a layering manner. And then carrying out underwater laser cladding on the substrate to be repaired by adopting a laser cladding process. After the multi-component composite rare earth oxide, the heat affected zone thickness is reduced because the multi-component composite rare earth oxide particles provide more nucleation sites. The coating of the multi-element composite rare earth oxide has excellent wear resistance, and the wear rate is 0.435 multiplied by 10 ‑15 m 3 N ‑1 m ‑1 . The primary wear mechanism is abrasive wear. The increased microhardness and the addition of the multi-element composite rare earth oxide particles are all key factors for improving the wear resistanceAnd (5) plain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the surface performance of high-strength ship structural steel, in particular to a method for improving an iron-based cladding coating on the surface of ship steel by utilizing rare earth oxide.
Background
Ship steel is commonly used to manufacture structural components of marine vessels, such as hulls, decks, and other ship components. The steel has higher yield strength and tensile strength, and is suitable for resisting severe conditions in marine environment, such as seawater corrosion and strong wind waves. Ship steels generally meet the relevant international standards and specifications to ensure that their quality and performance meet specific requirements, such as those of the classification society. As a high-strength marine steel, marine structural steel is widely used in marine engineering due to its high toughness, strength and weldability, and is an important functional and structural material for various marine engineering equipment and platforms. However, severe service conditions such as high salinity, oxygen enrichment, and constant erosion in marine environments can easily lead to corrosion, wear, and other damage to structural steel of ships. This would pose a serious threat to the long-term safe use of marine engineering equipment and would bring a significant loss to the development of marine economy. Therefore, the durability and the safety of the ocean engineering equipment are ensured, the occurrence of serious disaster accidents is reduced, and the service life is a critical problem and a common problem which are urgently needed to be solved.
The steel for the marine structure is soaked in seawater for years to bear various severe sea conditions, so that the steel for the ocean platform has extremely high technical indexes, has extremely high atmospheric corrosion resistance and seawater corrosion resistance, and also has good mechanical and processing properties and the like. The performance requirements of the steel for ocean platforms include: (1) Has higher strength and resists the impact of wind current above the water surface. The steel has good lamellar tearing resistance, and can be prevented from being torn when the steel is subjected to external force in the thickness direction; (2) The steel for the ocean platform has good low-temperature impact performance, and some steel for the ocean platform needs to have good impact performance in an environment of minus 60 ℃ and can be used in an extremely cold environment; (3) The welding joint has the same or similar mechanical property as the parent metal, and ensures the safety of the integral structure of the ocean platform; (4) steel purity requirements. The steel has very low content of P, S and other impurity elements, and has very high requirements on the morphology, type and distribution of inclusions, so that fatigue failure of the ocean platform under the influence of typhoon and water flow motion is avoided, and the safety of life and property is ensured. (5) requirement of corrosion resistance. The marine steel structure is in the environments of salt fog, moisture, seawater and the like for a long time, and is subjected to the corrosion of seawater and marine organisms to generate severe electrochemical corrosion, so that a paint film is easy to generate severe saponification and ageing to generate severe structural corrosion, the mechanical property of structural materials is reduced, the service life of the structural materials is shortened, and the structural materials are not regularly maintained as a ship due to the fact that the structural materials are far away from the coast. The requirement for its corrosion resistance is higher.
After long-term service, various surface cracks are easy to generate on the surface of the ship body, and the surface cracks need to be repaired in time. Traditional ship maintenance is carried out in a dock, and has high economic cost and low sailing rate. In recent years, underwater repair technology has become a main means for emergency maintenance of marine engineering equipment such as ships, offshore platforms, offshore pipelines and the like. The advantages of high automation and high repair efficiency can be effectively utilized by introducing a laser cladding technology to carry out underwater in-situ repair. Thus, many researchers have studied the underwater laser wet cladding technique. However, since the underwater wet cladding process is performed in a seawater environment, the molten pool is inevitably affected by water, which greatly reduces the formability of the cladding layer, and many studies have attempted to solve this problem.
For example, chinese patent No. CN202310049426.5 relates to a process for preparing high-performance high-nitrogen steel by underwater laser cladding, wherein a local dry region is constructed on a processing surface of a substrate workpiece, a nitrogen atmosphere is constructed in the local dry region, a cladding nozzle is used for cladding high-nitrogen steel powder on the processing surface of the substrate workpiece according to a scanning track to form a molten pool, nitriding of a gas-liquid interface near the molten pool is promoted by the nitrogen atmosphere to promote the solubility of nitrogen in the molten pool, and an initial high-nitrogen steel deposition sample is obtained on the processing surface of the substrate workpiece by the cooling action of water environment.
Studies have also shown that the addition of titanium can increase the surface tension of the molten pool, slow down the impact of high-speed water jet on the molten pool, and reduce the formation of defects such as air holes.
The study of Zhang X et al shows (int. J. Hydro Energy, 2022, 47 (11): 7362-7367) that when glycerol is used as a liquid protectant, the glycerol environment can greatly reduce the diffusible Hydrogen content, and a cladding layer having a dense structure and free of air hole defects can be obtained, as compared with conventional water environments. In order to obtain a compact coating, the formability of the cladding layer also plays an important role, and researches show that proper additives can reduce the supercooling degree in the cladding process, so that the microstructure characteristics of the cladding layer are effectively optimized. Previous studies have revealed that the formation stability of the cladding layer can be improved to some extent by protecting the melt pool during underwater wet laser cladding. Although the surface dry area is constructed and the liquid protective agent is adopted to improve the underwater forming stability of the cladding layer, the operation is complicated for the underwater on-line cladding process, and the method is especially not suitable for the underwater on-line cladding of large-scale components.
As a material having excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance, metal-based nanocomposite materials are widely used in plasma spraying, laser cladding, and other technologies. Metal-based nanocomposites typically comprise a matrix phase (Fe-based, ni-based, co-based alloys) and nanoparticles.
Murmu A.M.et al in Ti 6 Al 4 TiC-ZrO is introduced during the laser cladding of the V material (J. Mater. Eng. Performance, 2021, 30 (3): 1748-1758) 2 The composite laser cladding coating is formed by TiC-ZrO 2 In the composite cladding layer, it was found that nano ZrO 2 Can promote the formation of dendrite microstructure and obviously improve TiC-ZrO 2 Wear resistance of the composite cladding layer.
Chang Y.C et Al introduced nano WC (Materials Characterization, 2022, 191, 112124) during laser cladding of Al7075 aluminum alloy, al formed on the nano WC surface 2 Cu and MgZn 2 The phases exhibit a reinforced layered microstructure, resulting in a reinforced cladding layer having excellent mechanical properties. In the 316L/nano TiN laser cladding layer, the introduction of nano TiN particles refines grains, promotes the transformation of the grains from columnar to equiaxial, and is a main reason for the mechanism for improving the mechanical property. However, in addition to providing nucleation particles,the introduction of nanoparticles also causes variations in the melting behavior, solidification mechanism and solidification sequence of the melt pool. The metal-based nanocomposite is mainly used for online laser cladding of nonferrous alloys such as titanium, aluminum and the like at present, and has less application to marine steel plates.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving an iron-based cladding coating on the surface of ship steel by utilizing rare earth oxide. The nano rare earth oxide protective layer is introduced to increase the viscosity of the surface of the molten pool, and can resist the impact force generated by high-speed water jet. In the invention, the melting and solidification behaviors are regulated and controlled by introducing nano particles, so that the contradiction between the molding and the performance of the underwater Fe-based cladding layer is solved. By adding rare earth composite oxide and fluoride as protective layers, the formability, phase composition and microstructure of the underwater laser Fe-based cladding layer are remarkably improved.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a method for improving an iron-based cladding coating on a ship steel surface by utilizing rare earth oxide, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The ship structural steel is used as a substrate material to be repaired;
(2) Taking 316L stainless steel powder as a powder material for laser repair, fluoride powder as a covering layer material and composite rare earth oxide as a protective layer material;
(3) Coating stainless steel powder, composite rare earth oxide and fluoride powder on a part to be repaired of marine steel by using water-resistant glue in a layering manner;
(4) Forming a corrosion-resistant protective layer through underwater laser cladding equipment;
the 316L stainless steel powder, the fluoride coating material, the composite rare earth oxide material and the marine steel repair matrix are firstly mixed with water-resistant glue respectively, then the 316L stainless steel powder is firstly coated, then the composite rare earth oxide powder is coated, and finally the coating material is coated; the fluoride is one or a mixture of several of sodium fluoride, silicon tetrafluoride, boron trifluoride and calcium fluoride, and the preferable coating material is calcium fluoride; the fluoride coating layer, the rare earth oxide protective layer and the 316L stainless steel powder comprise (5-10)%: (5-20)%: (70-90)%; the composite rare earth oxide is a mixture of yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide, wherein the weight proportion of the yttrium oxide is 50-70%, the lanthanum oxide is 20-25%, and the rest is cerium oxide;
the method for improving the iron-based cladding coating on the surface of the ship steel by utilizing the rare earth oxide comprises the step of preparing the water-resistant adhesive from 2-cyano-2-ethyl acrylate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The addition proportion of the water-resistant adhesive is 5-20% of the weight of the solid powder respectively.
The method for improving the iron-based cladding coating on the surface of the ship steel by utilizing the rare earth oxide comprises the steps of during laser cladding, enabling laser power to be 1000-4000W, enabling welding speed to be 1-10 mm/s, enabling the spot diameter to be 2-8 mm, and enabling defocusing amount to be equal to that of the ship steel: +2 to 5 mm. The laser cladding process is performed on-line under water.
The method for improving the iron-based cladding coating on the surface of the ship steel by utilizing the rare earth oxide is suitable for the ship structural steel with the strength of A, B, D, E level and the ship structural steel with the high strength of AH32, DH32, EH32, AH36, DH36 and EH36 level.
The invention has the advantages and effects that:
the invention discloses a method for improving wear resistance and corrosion resistance of an iron-based cladding coating on the surface of high-strength ship structural steel by utilizing composite rare earth oxide and fluoride. The ship structural steel has higher yield strength and tensile strength, and is suitable for resisting severe conditions in marine environments, such as seawater corrosion and strong wind waves. The underwater stability of the cladding layer mainly depends on the viscosity of the surface of a molten pool, and the high-viscosity molten pool can obviously improve the impact force generated by resisting water jet flow, thereby being beneficial to realizing the stability of the molten pool in the underwater laser cladding process.
The underwater wet type laser iron-based coating on the surface of the ship structural steel is successfully prepared by applying the multi-element nano composite rare earth oxide and fluoride, and the underwater wet type laser iron-based coating has good forming quality and ideal performance. Introducing nano rare earth oxide and fluorideThe sheath increases the viscosity of the surface of the molten pool so as to resist the impact force generated by high-speed water jet, 316L stainless steel powder is used as a laser repair powder material, composite rare earth oxide is used as a protective layer, and fluoride is used as a covering layer material. 1. The addition of fluoride and nano-sized multi-element rare earth oxide particles results in an increase in the depth of the weld pool and a decrease in the depth of the heat affected zone. The addition of the multi-element composite rare earth oxide and fluoride protective layer effectively improves the seawater corrosion resistance of the coating. The corrosion potential and corrosion current density of the protective layer were-0.25V and 1.87×10, respectively -7 A·cm −2 Exhibits better pitting corrosion resistance. The coatings added with the multi-element composite rare earth oxide and fluoride have excellent wear resistance. The invention provides a laser cladding means for emergency maintenance of marine engineering equipment such as on-line ships, offshore platforms, offshore pipelines and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pretreatment coating layer structure of a steel sheet before laser cladding in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a microstructure scanning electron microscope of a cross section of a heat affected zone in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a microstructure scanning electron microscope of a cross section of a heat affected zone in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the thicknesses of the heat affected zones of example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1;
FIG. 5 is a microscopic hardness distribution of the heat affected zone of example 1 and comparative example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a comparison of the friction coefficients of the five materials of example 1, example 2, example 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 in a 4.0 wt% NaCl solution.
Description of the embodiments
In a specific implementation process, in order to improve the seawater corrosion resistance of the ship structural steel, the invention provides an underwater laser cladding repair technology. The experimental methods described in the examples below, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional. The reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, are commercially available.
In the implementation process of the invention, firstly, taking high-strength ship structure EH32 steel as an example, the EH32 steel is used as a substrate material to be repaired, and has good mechanical property and seawater corrosion resistance. The 316L stainless steel powder is used as a powder material for laser repair, the rare earth oxide is used as a protective layer material, and the fluoride is used as a cover layer material. In the preparation process of the corrosion-resistant coating, stainless steel powder, composite rare earth oxide and fluoride powder are coated on a part to be repaired of marine EH32 steel in a layering manner by using water-resistant glue, and then the corrosion-resistant coating is obtained through a laser cladding process.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, before laser cladding of the steel plate, the pretreated coating is divided into 3 layers, the number of the layers to be repaired is divided into three layers on the marine EH32 steel plate, the bottom layer is 316L stainless steel powder, the middle layer is a composite rare earth oxide protective layer, and the top layer is a fluoride layer.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a microstructure scanning electron microscope of a cross section of a heat affected zone in example 1 of the present invention. From the graph, the heat affected zone is tightly combined with the substrate, and defects such as pores and inclusions are avoided, so that the substrate is effectively repaired.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a microstructure scanning electron microscope of a cross section of a heat affected zone in comparative example 1 of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the heat affected zone without the rare earth oxide coating is more pronounced than with the rare earth oxide coating, and larger particles appear in the transition zone.
Fig. 4 is a thickness comparison of the heat affected zone of example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1, with the addition of a coating of a composite rare earth oxide, the heat affected zone being substantially reduced from 800 microns to 400 microns.
Fig. 5 is a microscopic hardness distribution of the heat affected zone of example 1 and comparative example 1 of the present invention. The hardness change trend of the coating and the transition zone is the same, and the hardness of the coating and the transition zone is obviously stronger than that of the substrate. Furthermore, the microhardness of example 1 is significantly higher than that of comparative example 1. This is mainly because the composite rare earth oxide is distributed at the grain boundaries, hampering grain growth and increasing the hardness of the laser cladding layer.
FIG. 6 is a comparison of wear rates of six materials of example 1, example 2, example 3, and comparative examples 1 and 2 in a 4.0 wt% NaCl solution. After adding the composite rare earth oxide and fluoride, the mill of example 1The loss rate is greatly reduced to 0.435 multiplied by 10 -15 m 3 N -1 m -1 。
Table 1 shows the corrosion potential from the polarization curveE corr ) And corrosion current density [ ]I corr ) And (5) comparing. As can be seen from the corrosion current density, the corrosion current density of example 1 was 1.87×10 after adding the composite rare earth oxide and after adding the fluoride -7 A . cm -2 Compared with the base material to be repaired, the corrosion resistance is obviously improved. The corrosion potential of example 1 was-0.25V, significantly higher than comparative examples 1 and 2, indicating that the addition of the composite rare earth oxide and fluoride improved the corrosion resistance.
TABLE 1
| Sample name | Corrosion potential | Corrosion current (A/cm) 2 ) |
| Example 1 | -0.25 | 1.87×10 -7 |
| Example 2 | -0.27 | 2.87×10 -7 |
| Example 3 | -0.30 | 3.99×10 -7 |
| Comparative example 1 | -0.54 | 4.89×10 -6 |
| Comparative example 2 | -0.38 | 2.12×10 -6 |
Example 1
In this embodiment, a method for enhancing wear resistance of an underwater laser cladding coating includes the following steps:
the first step: substrate treatment
The high-strength ship structural steel EH32 is used as a substrate material to be repaired, and a grinding machine is used for grinding and removing a region to be repaired on the surface of the substrate;
and a second step of: weighing and mixing
1700g of 316L stainless steel powder was taken together with 85g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-acrylate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous adhesive;
180g of rare earth oxide and 9g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-acrylate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous gel. Wherein in the rare earth oxide, Y 2 O 3 126g, la 2 O 3 45g of CeO 2 9g;
100g CaF 2 The powder was mixed with 5g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-propenoate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous adhesive;
and a third step of: repair zone pretreatment
Sequentially mixing 316L stainless steel powder, rare earth oxide powder and CaF 2 Powder coating and a region to be repaired;
fourth step: laser cladding
And (3) adopting a laser cladding technology, regulating and controlling technological parameters to repair the surface of the area to be repaired under water. The laser power of the process is 2500W, the welding speed is 2mm/s, the spot diameter is 3mm, and the defocusing amount is as follows: +2 mm.
Fifth step: sample post-treatment
And (3) machining and polishing the surface of the repair area by adopting a mechanical automatic polishing machine until the surface meets the use precision requirement, and obtaining the surface cladding layer with excellent performance.
Example 2
In this embodiment, compared with embodiment 1, the method for enhancing the wear resistance of the underwater laser cladding coating has the rare earth oxide as single-phase Y 2 O 3 The method comprises the following steps:
the first step: substrate treatment
The high-strength ship structural steel EH32 is used as a substrate material to be repaired, and a grinding machine is used for grinding and removing a region to be repaired on the surface of the substrate;
and a second step of: weighing and mixing
1700g of 316L powder was taken together with 85g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-acrylate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous adhesive;
180g of Y 2 O3 with 9g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-propenoate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous gel. .
100g CaF 2 The powder was mixed with 5g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-propenoate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous adhesive;
and a third step of: repair zone pretreatment
Sequentially mixing 316L stainless steel powder and rare earth oxide Y 2 O 3 Powder, caF 2 Powder coating is carried out on the area to be repaired;
fourth step: laser cladding
And (3) adopting a laser cladding technology, regulating and controlling technological parameters to repair the surface of the area to be repaired under water. The laser power of the process is 2500W, the welding speed is 2mm/s, the spot diameter is 3mm, and the defocusing amount is as follows: +2 mm.
Fifth step: sample post-treatment
And (3) machining and polishing the surface of the repair area by adopting a mechanical automatic polishing machine until the surface meets the use precision requirement, and obtaining the surface cladding layer with excellent performance.
Example 3
In this embodiment, compared with embodiment 1, a method for enhancing wear resistance of an underwater laser cladding coating, wherein fluoride is NaF, includes the following steps:
the first step: substrate treatment
The high-strength ship structural steel EH32 is used as a substrate material to be repaired, and a grinding machine is used for grinding and removing a region to be repaired on the surface of the substrate;
and a second step of: weighing and mixing
1700g of 316L powder was taken together with 85g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-acrylate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous adhesive;
180g of rare earth oxide and 9g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-acrylate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous gel. Wherein in the rare earth oxide, Y 2 O 3 126g, la 2 O 3 45g of CeO 2 9g.
100g of NaF powder and 5g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-acrylate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous adhesive;
and a third step of: repair zone pretreatment
Sequentially coating 316L stainless steel powder, rare earth oxide powder and NaF powder on a region to be repaired;
fourth step: laser cladding
And (3) adopting a laser cladding technology, regulating and controlling technological parameters to repair the surface of the area to be repaired under water. The laser power of the process is 2500W, the welding speed is 2mm/s, the spot diameter is 3mm, and the defocusing amount is as follows: +2 mm.
Fifth step: sample post-treatment
And (3) machining and polishing the surface of the repair area by adopting a mechanical automatic polishing machine until the surface meets the use precision requirement, and obtaining the surface cladding layer with excellent performance.
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, a method for enhancing the abrasion resistance of an underwater laser cladding coating, compared to example 1, without a composite rare earth oxide protective layer, comparative example 1 comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps:
the first step: substrate treatment
The high-strength ship structural steel EH32 is used as a substrate material to be repaired, and a grinding machine is used for grinding and removing a region to be repaired on the surface of the substrate;
and a second step of: weighing and mixing
1700g of 316L powder was taken together with 85g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-acrylate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous adhesive;
100g CaF 2 The powder was mixed with 5g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-propenoate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous adhesive;
and a third step of: repair zone pretreatment
Sequentially mixing 316L stainless steel powder and CaF 2 Powder coating and a region to be repaired;
fourth step: laser cladding
And (3) adopting a laser cladding technology, regulating and controlling technological parameters to repair the surface of the area to be repaired under water. The laser power of the process is 2500W, the welding speed is 2mm/s, the spot diameter is 3mm, and the defocusing amount is as follows: +2 mm.
Fifth step: sample post-treatment
And (3) machining and polishing the surface of the repair area by adopting a mechanical automatic polishing machine until the surface meets the use precision requirement, and obtaining the surface cladding layer with excellent performance.
Comparative example 2
In this comparative example, a method of enhancing the abrasion resistance of an underwater laser cladding coating, compared with example 1, was free of CaF 2 The cover layer, comparative example 2 includes the steps of:
the first step: substrate treatment
The high-strength ship structural steel EH32 is used as a substrate material to be repaired, and a grinding machine is used for grinding and removing a region to be repaired on the surface of the substrate;
and a second step of: weighing and mixing
1700g of 316L powder was taken together with 85g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-acrylate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous adhesive;
180g of rare earth oxide and 9g of ethyl 2-cyano-2-acrylate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) Mixing the aqueous gel. Wherein in the rare earth oxide, Y 2 O 3 126g, la 2 O 3 45g of CeO 2 9g;
and a third step of: repair zone pretreatment
Coating 316L stainless steel powder and rare earth oxide powder in sequence in a region to be repaired;
fourth step: laser cladding
And (3) adopting a laser cladding technology, regulating and controlling technological parameters to repair the surface of the area to be repaired under water. The laser power of the process is 2500W, the welding speed is 2mm/s, the spot diameter is 3mm, and the defocusing amount is as follows: +2 mm.
Fifth step: sample post-treatment
And (3) machining and polishing the surface of the repair area by adopting a mechanical automatic polishing machine until the surface meets the use precision requirement, and obtaining the surface cladding layer with excellent performance.
The implementation result shows that the invention provides a method for enhancing the wear resistance of an underwater laser cladding coating. The laser cladding protective layer added with the multi-element composite rare earth oxide and fluoride effectively improves the seawater corrosion resistance of the coating. The surface hardness is obviously improved, and the corrosion potential and the corrosion current density of the protective layer are respectively-0.25V and 1.87 multiplied by 10 -7 A·cm −2 Exhibits better pitting corrosion resistance. The coating added with the multi-element composite rare earth oxide and fluoride has excellent wear resistance, and the wear rate is 0.435 multiplied by 10 -5 mm 3 N -1 m -1 Significantly stronger than the substrate without addition, the primary wear mechanism is abrasive wear. The improved microhardness, grain refinement and fine multi-element composite rare earth oxide particles are all key factors for improving the wear resistance. The invention provides a laser cladding means for emergency maintenance of marine engineering equipment such as an online ship, an offshore platform, an offshore pipeline and the like, and has wide application prospect.
And performing morphology analysis on the surface of the laser cladding alloy coating by adopting a FEI NOVA 430 scanning electron microscope. The hardness of the sample was measured by using a HV-1000A microhardness tester, with a load of 100g and a loading time of 15s. Electrochemical measurements were performed in a 4.0% strength by weight NaCl solution using a three electrode workstation (SOLARTRON 1287/1260). The tribological corrosion test was carried out using a wear tester (HT-1000). The conditions for the tribo-corrosion test were 4.0% strength by weight NaCl solution, a friction radius of 2mm, a loading force of 10N and a duration of 60 minutes, the test being carried out using GCr15 bearing steel grinding balls having a diameter of 4 mm.
Claims (4)
1. A method for improving an iron-based cladding coating on a ship steel surface by utilizing rare earth oxide, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) The ship structural steel is used as a substrate material to be repaired;
(2) Taking 316L stainless steel powder as a powder material for laser repair, fluoride powder as a covering layer material and composite rare earth oxide as a protective layer material;
(3) Coating stainless steel powder, composite rare earth oxide and fluoride powder on a part to be repaired of marine steel by using water-resistant glue in a layering manner;
(4) Forming a corrosion-resistant protective layer through underwater laser cladding equipment;
the 316L stainless steel powder, the fluoride coating material, the composite rare earth oxide material and the marine steel repair matrix are firstly mixed with water-resistant glue respectively, then the 316L stainless steel powder is firstly coated, then the composite rare earth oxide powder is coated, and finally the coating material is coated; the fluoride is one or a mixture of several of sodium fluoride, silicon tetrafluoride, boron trifluoride and calcium fluoride, and the preferable coating material is calcium fluoride; the fluoride coating layer, the rare earth oxide protective layer and the 316L stainless steel powder comprise (5-10)%: (5-20)%: (70-90)%; the composite rare earth oxide is a mixture of yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide, wherein the weight proportion of the yttrium oxide is 50-70%, the weight proportion of the lanthanum oxide is 20-25%, and the rest is cerium oxide.
2. The method for improving the iron-based cladding coating on the surface of ship steel by utilizing rare earth oxide according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the water-resistant glue is 2-cyano-2-ethyl acrylate (C 6 H 7 NO 2 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The addition proportion of the water-resistant adhesive is 5-20% of the weight of the solid powder respectively.
3. The method for improving the iron-based cladding coating on the steel surface of the ship by utilizing the rare earth oxide according to claim 1, wherein during laser cladding, the laser power is 1000-4000W, the welding speed is 1-10 mm/s, the spot diameter is 2-8 mm, and the defocusing amount is as follows: +2-5 mm; the laser cladding process is performed on-line under water.
4. A method for improving an iron-based cladding coating on a ship steel surface using rare earth oxides according to claim 1, wherein the method is applicable to a A, B, D, E strength grade ship structural steel and a high strength grade AH32, DH32, EH32, AH36, DH36, EH36 ship structural steel.
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