CN117758038A - Heat treatment combined tool for preventing lug of shaft part from deforming - Google Patents
Heat treatment combined tool for preventing lug of shaft part from deforming Download PDFInfo
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- CN117758038A CN117758038A CN202311792110.1A CN202311792110A CN117758038A CN 117758038 A CN117758038 A CN 117758038A CN 202311792110 A CN202311792110 A CN 202311792110A CN 117758038 A CN117758038 A CN 117758038A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment combined tool for preventing lug deformation of shaft parts, which belongs to the field of heat treatment and comprises the following components: at least three combination carrier units fixed at the longitudinal end of the collet bearing platform in the same direction symmetrical distribution, wherein the seat plate of each combination carrier unit is provided with a matrix positioning hole and a fixing hole of a positioning connecting column, and the combination of the linear arrays is arranged in a longitudinal matrix honeycomb hole of the collet bearing platform in a horizontal reference, and the combination carrier unit comprises: the device comprises a pair of self-centering support arms with opposite symmetrical center height support arms and saw-tooth strips, wherein a pair of dovetail grooves for centering and positioning the workpieces to be processed are formed in space by the arc inclined conical surfaces at the end parts of the self-centering support arms, the bearing pressure of the arc flange of the fulcrum at the top end of the center height support arm is transmitted along the axial direction, the load of the workpieces to be processed of the shaft workpieces with lugs is finally transmitted to a bottom support bearing platform to be borne by the bracket support arms and the self-centering support arms, and the workpieces to be processed with lugs with different sizes are subjected to heat treatment in the same heat treatment furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of heat treatment, and particularly relates to a heat treatment tool for preventing shaft lugs from deforming in the manufacturing technology of shaft key parts of aviation equipment.
Background
Landing gear related parts involved in the aerospace industry are mostly shaft-like critical parts of various types, the service life of which directly affects the service life of the entire aircraft landing gear system. The key parts are the guarantee of the landing gear. The heat treatment production is not separated from the fixture, but various heating furnace fixtures, trays, charging baskets, material racks and the like are heated along with the workpiece, and sometimes the heat taken away by the heating furnace is equal to or greater than the heat of the workpiece, accounting for about 18-29% of the total heat, which undoubtedly increases the heat treatment production cost. The heat treatment production is carried out at high temperature, and various auxiliary tools are needed to finish the actions of loading and discharging the workpiece, quenching, transferring the workpiece and the like. Therefore, various tools are designed and manufactured according to different furnace types, different workpiece structures and different process requirements. Typical examples of various tools are composed of nearly hundreds of various tools and workpieces, a large amount of manufacturing errors exist in practice, and for the heat treatment of a small number of and sporadic workpieces, heat treatment process personnel or heat treatment workers are often required to temporarily manufacture simple tools by virtue of production experience and actual conditions. In which the workpiece is loaded to complete the heat treatment process in a relatively stationary state. The work-piece entering and exiting operation needs to be completed by a heat treatment worker by hand, and a plurality of hand tools with different specifications, such as a drag hook, a push rod, a fork and the like, are needed. Straightening bending distortion of shaft workpieces, wherein various sizing blocks are required to be used; the quenching of the thin disc and sheet-shaped workpiece is distorted, and a clamp is required to be used for shaping in the tempering process. The work piece quenching also requires the use of baskets, cradles, etc. The heat treatment tool is easy to crack, collapse and burn out at high temperature to be scrapped, and the manufacturing cost is high. In addition, in the existing heat treatment tool, most of hanging scaffold positioned on the upper side is fixed, and the heat treatment of rod pieces or shaft pieces with different lengths cannot be met; or a plurality of hanging scaffold plates are additionally arranged on the hanging rod, but the additionally arranged hanging scaffold plates have the problems of high maintenance cost and troublesome maintenance, and the existing rod or shaft piece is extracted or put in from the axial direction of the tool, so that the taking or putting of the piece is difficult when the length of the rod or shaft piece is too long. The adopted pit furnace lifting appliance has the greatest heat energy consumption, the box furnace and the conveyor belt type furnace number, the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt type furnace is long, the furnace is cooled again after heating, and the invalid heat energy loss is large. In addition, for the workpieces with complex structures and small quantity, the heat treatment workers often need to manufacture tools on site to finish the heat treatment task of the workpieces. The heat treatment of the shaft parts is carried out in a pit furnace and a proper hanging tool is needed. The diameter range of the pit furnace base is generally 1000-3000mm, the maximum size phi 2300mm x 3500mm of the guide cylinder of the 50kW pit type heat treatment furnace is 1000-1200 degrees. 4 heat treatment tools for various shaft and gear carburizing, annealing, tempering, quenching and other processes are usually shaft furnace lifting tools, heat-resistant steel lifting tools, shaft furnace bases, chassis, trays, honeycomb plates, round trays, hooks and the like. The more used are multipurpose furnace tools (multipurpose furnace chassis, multipurpose furnace charging basket, multipurpose furnace combined charging basket, multipurpose furnace fan shaft, charging tray, multipurpose furnace connecting rod, upright), furnace bottom plate (box furnace bottom plate, trolley furnace bottom plate, annealing furnace bottom plate, high Wen Lulu bottom plate), charging tray (vacuum charging tray, powder metallurgy charging tray, precision casting charging tray, pit furnace charging tray, multipurpose furnace charging tray), charging basket (vacuum furnace charging basket, precision casting charging basket, multipurpose furnace charging basket, combined charging basket, heat treatment charging basket), pit furnace lifting appliance (tempering furnace lifting appliance, carburizing furnace lifting appliance, nitriding furnace lifting appliance, pit type annealing furnace lifting appliance). But there is no yet available details and criteria for selecting the diameter of the hanging process head. If the long shaft adopts a single cantilever stress structure of the bracket support arm, the load is at the distal end of the cantilever, so that the longer the cantilever is, the larger the moment of pressure under the same load is, and the larger the sagging deformation under the high-temperature state is. Two problems can be found during hot oven trial assembly: (1) the support rib is greatly deformed. (2) The inner diameter of the center ring is too large, and although the stability is better, once deflection occurs, the center ring keeps stable and has no obvious effect. When the large-diameter thin-wall part with the thin-wall cutting edge is subjected to heat treatment, the deformation of the large-diameter thin-wall part at a high temperature is mainly caused by insufficient strength of ribs, the shape of the cross section in the radial direction is simple rectangle, the bending and torsion deformation resistance is poor, the shape and the size of the similar bearing ring are various, the deformation mainly occurs on 3 supports without bracket support arms, and the deformation mainly appears as outer drum and torsion. The support rib with the bracket arms is in fact a triangular stable structure, and the pressure transmitted along the axial direction is partly borne by the longitudinal ribs, and the other part is borne by the bracket arms crossing at a point, and the bearing capacity of the support rib with the bracket arms is far higher than that of the support rib with the bracket arms. And simultaneously, the heat treatment deformation linkage effect is caused by the heat stress and the tissue stress. And sagging deformation of a larger size occurs in the hot furnace test. Due to the furnace type structure of the well type gas carburizing furnace, the effective heating area has a certain limit on the placement position of the carburized workpiece in the hearth; the full load of the material frame is close to 10t, and the material frame base is required to maintain certain rigidity at the carburizing temperature of 930 ℃. It is not doubtful that the long-axis type workpiece generates serious flexural deformation during the actual heat treatment. To solve this problem, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the problem of placing the workpieces in the height direction.
The vacuum heat treatment technology controls the phase change, microstructure, residual stress and the like of the key parts by adopting the technologies of heating, cooling, vacuum degree and the like so as to endow the key parts with service performance or extreme service performance. Therefore, the vacuum heat treatment technology is a key technology for realizing long service life, high reliability and weight reduction of the key basic parts. The key parts subjected to vacuum heat treatment can ensure the required organization, mechanical property and technological property, can deeply excavate the potential of the key parts, ensure and improve the quality and service life of the key parts, and furthest exert the potential of materials. The heat treatment tool is a vulnerable part, and the main failure mode is high-temperature oxidation thinning, so that the strength is seriously reduced. A welding and casting method is commonly used for manufacturing a heat treatment tool. The control of tooling materials and tooling manufacturing costs is an important aspect of controlling the heat treatment production cost. Because the high-temperature strength means that the tooling for loading the workpiece is heated at high temperature for a long time, the weight of the heated workpiece needs to be borne, and the tooling cannot be severely deformed or even scattered. The high-temperature strength of the tool is ensured by materials and the tool structure, but if the structure is too strong, the weight is large, the absorbed heat energy is more, the unit energy consumption of the workpiece is increased, the heating time is prolonged, and the production cost is increased. Because the tray made of metal is heavy (such as a tray for a vacuum carburizing and quenching furnace) and has large heat capacity, the temperature of quenching liquid is increased to reduce the cooling capacity of the tray, and the tray is repeatedly heated and carburized and quenched, the interior of the tray can also generate phase change to cause structural stress and the thermal fatigue effect, so that the tray is cracked, and the service life is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the metal material tray has large weight and large heat capacity, and extra energy sources are added. The tool clamp for the vacuum furnace, which is manufactured by using alloy materials at high temperature (1200 ℃), has shorter service life. Practice shows that the correct heat treatment process can obtain excellent tissue, and the excellent tissue morphology can ensure excellent mechanical properties. The deformation and cracking of the heat treatment tool can be effectively controlled by a proper process method. From practice it was found that: the difference between the surface temperature and the core temperature of the heat-treated workpiece (heating unevenness and cooling unevenness) is a main factor causing deformation of the heat-treating tool during the heating and cooling processes. (the vacuum furnace has the ability to control the heating rate and the cooling rate). Different technological methods can enable the heat treatment tool to meet different use conditions and different performance requirements.
The manufacturing of the heat treatment tool relates to a plurality of manufacturing and processing technologies and equipment, is used for completing the loading, furnace entering and exiting, quenching and workpiece transferring work of workpieces, and is also an important tool for ensuring smooth production and ensuring the heat treatment quality and operation safety of the workpieces. The heat treatment tools are generally divided into two types, one is a general tool and the other is a special tool. The universal tool is designed and manufactured mainly based on the adaptability of the furnace, and is suitable for the heat treatment of a large number of common workpieces. The clamping device has the functions of completing clamping of workpieces in and out of a furnace and in heating and cooling processes, reducing heat treatment deformation of the workpieces and completing certain auxiliary work of heat treatment. The special fixture is a fixture which mainly aims at the pertinence of the workpiece and is designed and manufactured by combining a furnace type so as to meet the special loading requirement of the workpiece. The heat treatment workpieces have different shapes and sizes, and the heat treatment furnace has various shapes, so that the tools used for the heat treatment are also various in form. For workpieces with complex shapes and strict size requirements, special tools are required to be designed in order to ensure certain dimension precision which is particularly required. For certain large and heavy workpieces, special tools are required to be designed according to furnace shapes in order to facilitate the entering and exiting of the furnace and the need of maintaining vertical heating and vertical quenching of certain workpieces during heat treatment. The functions of the general tool and the special tool are greatly different, so that the general tool and the special tool cannot be mixed at will.
The specific gravity of the heat energy required for heating the fixture is generally 18-29%. Therefore, the weight reduction of the fixture is significant for improving the heating efficiency. One way to reduce weight is to improve the construction of the tool holder. The heat treatment tool has an important role in vacuum heat treatment, and has important significance for improving the heat treatment quality and improving the production efficiency of heat treatment according to different product structures, different heat treatment materials and different heat treatment process requirements and optimal design and reasonable selection of the tool.
Vacuum heat treatment is a novel heat treatment technology combining a vacuum technology and a heat treatment technology, and the vacuum environment in which the vacuum heat treatment is performed refers to an atmosphere environment lower than one atmosphere pressure and comprises low vacuum, medium vacuum, high vacuum and ultrahigh vacuum. Vacuum heat treatment means that all or part of the heat treatment process is performed in a vacuum state. The vacuum heat treatment can realize almost all heat treatment processes which can be involved in the conventional heat treatment. Vacuum may refer to any gaseous space having a pressure less than the normal one atmosphere (negative pressure). When the heat treatment process of the metal is performed under vacuum, it is called vacuum heat treatment. The vacuum heat treatment can realize almost all heat treatment processes, such as quenching, annealing, tempering, carburizing, chromizing, nitriding, precipitation hardening and the like; in the quenching process, gas quenching, oil quenching, nitrate quenching, water quenching, degassing and the like can be realized.
At present, the radial dimension of the loading shaft lug used for workpiece key parts such as aviation shafts, thin-wall cylinders, hollow shafts, special-shaped structures, long-shaft screw rods, pipes and the like is large, the shape dimension is various, the width is narrow, the wall thickness is thin, and under the heat treatment heating temperature: the steel member has a certain expansion amount, and sagging deformation of a larger size occurs in a hot furnace test. The cross section of the groove structure has relatively severe dimensional change, large deformation after heat treatment, large plane warpage and difficult correction after heat treatment. The cross section area of the lug is too small, the stability of the lug is poor, huge lateral load can be born when the lug is askew, bending deformation can be increased even toppling over under a high temperature state, and the reduction of the cross section size mainly occurs at the end ring part. The ultra-high strength steel material part is heated to a preset temperature through a vacuum quenching furnace, and is subjected to quenching operation after heat preservation for a period of time, so that a martensitic structure can be obtained. Although the method can lead the part to achieve high strength and high hardness, the deformation is increased, and cracks are easy to occur during straightening.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, adapt to the actual demands, and provide the lug deformation prevention heat treatment tool which has the advantages of simple structure, small occupied area, strong operability, simple and convenient adjustment, good durability and capability of loading the shaft heat treatment piece, so as to meet the demands of heat treatment process capability and improve the processing efficiency of the part in subsequent processing.
The invention solves the technical problems by adopting the scheme that: a heat treatment combination frock of prevention axle type part lug deformation includes: at least three combination carrier units 1 that are fixed at the longitudinal end of collet loading platform 8 are distributed to syntropy symmetry, its characterized in that: the seat board of each combined carrier unit 1 is provided with a matrix positioning hole and a fixing hole of a positioning connecting column 5, and the matrix is combined and arranged in a longitudinal matrix honeycomb hole of a horizontal reference of a bottom support bearing platform 8, and the combined carrier unit 1 comprises: the center height support arms 3 are symmetrical in opposite directions, the self-centering support arms 2 with saw racks are manufactured, the arc inclined conical surfaces at the end parts of the pair of self-centering support arms 2 are in dovetail grooves for centering and positioning the workpieces 6 to be processed in space, the bearing pressure transmitted by the arc flanges at the top end fulcrums of the center height support arms 3 along the axial direction is finally transmitted to the collet bearing platform 8 for bearing through the bracket support arms 7 and the self-centering support arms 2, and the workpieces 6 to be processed with lug shaft barrel workpieces with different lug sizes are subjected to heat treatment in the same heat treatment furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention symmetrically distributes and fixes at least three combined carrier units at the longitudinal end of the collet bearing platform (8), connect with heat treatment material plate through the bottom plate, the bottom plate has mounting slot and locating boss to design the contact surface of heat treatment material plate, can realize the supporting and fixing function of the frock in the course of heat treatment, the end surface of bottom plate has fixed orifices, can adjust the mounting position of the connecting piece according to the size of part and lug in actual use, thus position to the side plate is adjusted.
The seat board of each combined carrier unit 1 is provided with the matrix positioning holes and the fixing holes of the positioning connecting columns 5, and the matrix positioning holes and the fixing holes are arranged in the longitudinal matrix honeycomb holes of the horizontal standard of the collet carrier platform 8 in a linear array combination manner, so that the floor area is small, the operability is strong, the size adjustment is simple and convenient, and the durability is good.
According to the invention, a large base is used as a bearing platform, and the heat treatment work of parts with lugs of different types is realized by replacing the self-centering support arms and the central height support arms of different types. The dovetail groove is designed into an arc shape, so that the bearing inlet size is enlarged, the guiding performance of the self-centering support arm and the self-centering support arm is improved, the radial movement dimension of the self-centering support arm is greatly reduced, and the radial stabilizing effect of the center ring is improved. The self-centering support arm dovetail groove improves the centering of the self-centering support arm and the center height support arm.
According to the invention, the actual effective area size of each furnace type is combined to freely form a plurality of furnace loading modes, so that the invention is suitable for the dovetail grooves of the symmetrical center height support arms 3 and the end arc inclined conical surfaces of the pair of self-centering support arms 2 of different furnace types for centering and positioning the workpiece 6 to be processed in space, and can meet the requirements of heat treatment of different coaxial parts and products with different lug sizes in the same heat treatment furnace; the maximum furnace capacity is fully developed to improve the efficiency.
The bracket support arm supports a workpiece to be supported along one side of a workpiece lug to support the center of the center height support arm, the bracket support arms on two sides of the center height support arm are used for loading the material rest, and the bracket support arm can be used as a fulcrum of a center post of the center height support arm of the shaft part smooth surface supporting unit, a plurality of fulcra can be provided in the same plane to balance load and fully transfer the load to a material rest base for bearing, all the loads are corresponding to respective central axes, the workpiece to be processed and the center height support arm are not pressurized, and the bracket support arm has enough linear expansion space in a high-temperature state.
The self-centering support arm side plates are all provided with oil liquid diversion grooves, so that the problem that the mechanical properties of the lug parts of the parts cannot meet the design requirements due to insufficient cooling during heat treatment quenching of the parts can be avoided. For certain large and heavy workpieces, the design and the manufacture are not needed by combining a furnace model, and a special tool for designing a complex structure according to the furnace model is not needed, so that the universality is strong and the furnace inlet and outlet are convenient.
The load of the workpieces 6 to be processed with lug shaft barrel workpieces is completely transferred to the collet bearing platform 8 for bearing through the bracket support arm 7 and the self-centering support arm 2, and the workpieces 6 to be processed with different lug sizes are subjected to heat treatment in the same heat treatment furnace. The deformation problem in the repeated use process is greatly relieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the heat treatment combined tool for preventing the lug of the shaft part from deforming.
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the tooling support unit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the removal section of FIG. 1-1;
FIG. 5 is an exploded schematic view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the T-shoe of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the bracket arm of FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the center height arm of FIG. 2;
in the figure: the device comprises a combined supporting body unit, a plane seat bottom bracket, a self-centering support arm 2, a center height support arm 3, a supporting plate 4, a positioning connecting column 5, a workpiece to be processed 6, a bracket support arm 7 and a bottom bracket bearing platform 8.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Detailed Description
See fig. 1-8. In an exemplary preferred embodiment described below, a heat treatment combination tool for preventing deformation of an ear of a shaft-like part, includes: at least three combination carrier units 1 of fixing at collet loading platform (8) longitudinal end are distributed to syntropy symmetry, its characterized in that: the seat board of each combined carrier unit 1 is provided with a matrix positioning hole and a fixing hole of a positioning connecting column 5, and the matrix is combined and arranged in a longitudinal matrix honeycomb hole of a horizontal reference of a bottom support bearing platform 8, and the combined carrier unit 1 comprises: the center height support arms 3 are symmetrical in opposite directions, the self-centering support arms 2 with saw racks are manufactured, the arc inclined conical surfaces at the end parts of the pair of self-centering support arms 2 are in dovetail grooves for centering and positioning the workpieces 6 to be processed in space, the bearing pressure transmitted by the arc flanges at the top end fulcrums of the center height support arms 3 along the axial direction is finally transmitted to the collet bearing platform 8 for bearing through the bracket support arms 7 and the self-centering support arms 2, and the workpieces 6 to be processed with lug shaft barrel workpieces with different lug sizes are subjected to heat treatment in the same heat treatment furnace.
In an alternative embodiment, the combined carrier unit 1 is made of at least one of an oxidation resistant, sulfur corrosion resistant and carbon and chromium and manganese nitrogen resistant austenitic heat resistant steel, heat resistant alloy or austenitic stainless steel, wherein the carburization resistant chromium and manganese nitrogen resistant austenitic heat resistant steel component material, ni 3 A l The material composition is that the mass fraction of the additive Cr, zr, mo, B is 35-88 percent of Ni, 8-11 percent of Al and the addition amount of Cr can be 20-26 percent of Cr. Ni (Ni) 3 A l The service life of the member is more than doubled than that of heat-resistant steel. The ceramic material has excellent heat resistance, creep resistance and anti-carbonization capability. The mass fractions of the heat-resistant alloy are respectively 37% Ni-18% Cr, the highest use temperature is 1000 ℃ and 80% Ni-20% Cr, and the highest use temperature is 1280 ℃. The tool clamp can obtain ideal structure and high-temperature strength, so that heat loss is reduced, and the charging quantity is increased. Both alloys have significant advantages over stainless steel. High heat resistance, good creep resistance at high temperature, good thermal fatigue performance and long service life, and can also be subjected to embrittlement caused by different heat treatment atmospheres such as oxidization, carburization, nitridation and the like and other factors. Ni (Ni) 3 A l The manufactured component can also improve the heat treatment production efficiency by 10 percent due to the prolonging of the service life and the lightening of the quality.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the center of the rectangular seat board at the lower part of the bottom support of each combined carrier unit 1 is provided with an inserting column and at least two limiting inserting limiting blocks positioned below the long side.
The upper end face of the self-centering support arm 2 is provided with a fixing hole for locating the connecting column 5, and the installation position of the locating connecting column 5 can be adjusted according to the size of the part 6 in actual use, so that the position of the side plate of the bracket support arm 2 is adjusted.
Furthermore, the self-centering support arm 2 is used as a supporting unit for the smooth surface of the shaft part, so that the heat treatment of different shaft parts with lugs in different sizes can be completed in the same heat treatment furnace, and the heat treatment work of different types of parts with lugs can be realized by replacing the self-centering support arm 2 and the center height support arm 3 in different types.
Further, an oil liquid diversion trench is arranged on one side of the lug of the workpiece 6 to be treated along the bracket support arm 7 of the workpiece 6 to be treated.
Furthermore, oil liquid diversion grooves are designed on two sides of the central height support arm 3 for supporting the workpiece 6 to be processed. The inner side of the bracket support arm 7 is provided with a -shaped parallel convex ring for limiting the free deformation of the post convex ring of the next stage.
Further, all the loads of the self-centering support arm 2 and the center height support arm 3 are corresponding to the respective central axes, and the loads are borne by the arc surfaces of the arc surface bracket of the dovetail groove formed by the pair of bracket support arms 7 and the center height support arm 3. -shaped parallel convex rings for limiting the free deformation of the convex rings of the stand columns of the next stage are arranged on two sides of the central height support arm 3.
The bottom support bearing platform 8 is composed of two main parts, heat-resistant alloy steel is adopted below the base bottom of the bearing platform plate, the weight of the material tray is reduced, and a honeycomb grid plate is formed above the heat-resistant alloy steel by adopting at least one of light carbon/carbon composite materials or graphite materials.
Further, the honeycomb grid plate is woven into a honeycomb plate with a grid structure by using carbon ropes, then the honeycomb plate is formed by using a chemical vapor infiltration process to prepare carbon/carbon fibers and a carbon matrix or binder, and the carbon/carbon C/C composite material is formed into the honeycomb plate, namely, the honeycomb plate is formed by interweaving carbon fiber with carbon matrix by using carbon atomic filaments with the diameter of only 0.005-0.01 mm, and the carbon matrix enclosed in the honeycomb plate can uniformly reduce the weight and resist chemical actions. They have excellent mechanical strength, hardness and thermal conductivity. The carbon/carbon composite material has small heat capacity, high-temperature strength, negligible thermal deformation and very suitable net weight/tare weight ratio for manufacturing the material frame, can accelerate heating and cooling speeds, increases the capacity of bearing parts and lightens the deformation of the parts. The carbon/carbon composite material also has excellent thermal fatigue resistance, and the crack growth condition is greatly reduced. The high-temperature-resistant high-strength steel has the characteristics of light weight, good air permeability, ablation resistance, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, high-temperature strength, strong bearing capacity, no deformation, stable workpiece size and the like. The C/C honeycomb grid plate has light weight, small heat storage quantity and little influence on the temperature of the quenching liquid, and ensures the cooling capacity of the quenching liquid. Meanwhile, the operation is very convenient, and the labor intensity is greatly reduced. The heat capacity is small, the temperature rise is fast, the temperature reduction is fast, the change along with the furnace temperature is not delayed, the process period is greatly shortened, and the energy is saved. The carbon/carbon material has no tissue transformation, can not deform due to phase change stress in the process of rapid cooling and rapid heating, and has long service life. Not only reduces the weight of the material rack, but also reduces the energy consumption. The time for the furnace burden to reach the specified temperature of 857 ℃ is shortened by 35 minutes compared with the use of an alloy material rack; the cooling speed is fast for 10min, the temperature is 65 ℃, and the material tray is not deformed after long-time repeated use at 1200 ℃.
The graphite material has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, high-temperature strength and the like, and can be used for manufacturing heat treatment. For example, using the workspace size: when a 1200mm by 1800mm vacuum furnace is subjected to solution treatment and annealing treatment at high temperature, the work piece in the vacuum heat treatment not only increases the yield, but also obtains the ideal service life.
The tool support body unit is made of at least one of oxidation resistance, sulfur corrosion resistance and carbon resistance chromium manganese nitrogen resistance austenitic heat-resistant steel, heat-resistant alloy or austenitic stainless steel, wherein the carburization resistance chromium manganese nitrogen resistance austenitic heat-resistant steel component material, ni 3 A l The material composition is that the mass fraction of the additive Cr, zr, mo, B is 35-88 percent of Ni, 8-11 percent of Al and the addition amount of Cr can be 20-26 percent of Cr. Ni (Ni) 3 A l The service life of the member is more than doubled than that of heat-resistant steel. The ceramic material has excellent heat resistance, creep resistance and anti-carbonization capability. The mass fractions of the heat-resistant alloy are respectively 37% Ni-18% Cr at the maximum use temperature of 1000 ℃ and 80% Ni-20% Cr at the maximum use temperature of 1280 ℃. The tool clamp can obtain ideal structure and high-temperature strength, so that heat loss is reduced, and the charging quantity is increased. Both alloys have significant advantages over stainless steel. High heat resistance, good creep resistance at high temperature, good thermal fatigue performance and long service life, and can also be subjected to embrittlement caused by different heat treatment atmospheres such as oxidization, carburization, nitridation and the like and other factors. Ni (Ni) 3 A l The manufactured component can also improve the heat treatment production efficiency by 10 percent due to the prolonging of the service life and the lightening of the quality.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat treatment combination frock of prevention axle type part lug deformation includes: at least three combination carrier units (1) of fixing at collet loading platform (8) longitudinal end, its characterized in that are equidirectional symmetric distribution: the seat board of each combined carrier unit (1) is provided with a matrix positioning hole and a fixing hole of a positioning connecting column (5), and the matrix is combined and arranged in a longitudinal matrix honeycomb hole of a horizontal reference of a bottom support bearing platform (8), and the combined carrier unit (1) comprises: the device comprises opposite symmetrical center-height support arms (3), self-centering support arms (2) with saw-tooth strips, a pair of dovetail grooves for centering and positioning the workpieces (6) to be processed in space on the arc inclined conical surfaces at the end parts of the self-centering support arms (2), bearing pressure transferred along the axial direction by the arc flanges at the top end support points of the center-height support arms (3), and finally, the loads of the workpieces (6) to be processed with lug shaft barrel workpieces are all transferred to a bottom support bearing platform (8) for bearing through bracket support arms (7) and the self-centering support arms (2), and the workpieces (6) to be processed with different lug sizes are subjected to heat treatment in the same heat treatment furnace.
2. The heat treatment combination tool for preventing the lug of the shaft part from deforming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the combined supporting body unit (1) is made of at least one of oxidation resistance, sulfur corrosion resistance and carbon resistance chromium-manganese-nitrogen resistance austenitic heat-resistant steel, heat-resistant alloy or austenitic stainless steel.
3. The heat treatment combination tool for preventing the lug of the shaft part from deforming as claimed in claim 2, wherein: carburization-resistant chromium-manganese-nitrogen-resistant austenitic heat-resistant steel component material, ni 3 A l The material composition is that the mass fraction of the additive Cr, zr, mo, B is 35-88% Ni, 8-11% Al and the addition of Cr is 20-26% Cr.
4. The heat treatment combination tool for preventing the lug of the shaft part from deforming as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the mass fraction of the heat-resistant alloy is 37% Ni-18% Cr or 80% Ni-20% Cr respectively, and the maximum use temperature is 1280 ℃.
5. The heat treatment combination tool for preventing the lug of the shaft part from deforming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the center of the rectangular seat board at the lower part of the bottom support of each combined carrier unit (1) is provided with an inserting column and at least two limiting inserting limiting blocks positioned below the long side.
6. The heat treatment combination tool for preventing the lug of the shaft part from deforming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the self-centering support arm (2) is used as a supporting unit of the shaft part smooth surface, the heat treatment of different shaft parts with different lug sizes in the same heat treatment furnace is completed, and the heat treatment work of different types of parts with lugs can be realized by replacing the self-centering support arm (2) and the center height support arm (3) of different types.
7. The heat treatment combination tool for preventing the lug of the shaft part from deforming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: oil liquid diversion grooves are arranged on two sides of a central height support arm (3) for supporting a workpiece (6) to be treated; an oil liquid diversion trench is arranged on one side of the lug of the workpiece (6) to be processed along the bracket support arm (7), and a -shaped parallel convex ring for limiting the free deformation of the convex ring of the post of the next stage is arranged on the inner side of the bracket support arm.
8. The heat treatment combination tool for preventing the lug of the shaft part from deforming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: all loads of the self-centering support arm (2) and the center height support arm (3) are corresponding to respective central axes, and the loads are borne by a dovetail arc surface bracket formed by a pair of bracket support arms (7) and a top arc surface of the center height support arm (3); the bearing platform (8) is composed of two main parts, heat-resistant alloy steel is adopted below the base bottom of the bearing platform plate, the weight of the material tray is reduced, and at least one of light carbon/carbon composite material or graphite material is adopted above the base bottom to form the honeycomb grid plate.
9. The heat treatment combination tool for preventing the lug of the shaft part from deforming as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the honeycomb grid plate is woven into a honeycomb plate with a grid structure by using carbon ropes, then the honeycomb plate is manufactured into carbon/carbon fibers and a carbon matrix (or binder) by using a chemical vapor infiltration process, and the honeycomb plate is formed by carbon/carbon (C/C) composite materials, namely, the honeycomb plate is formed by interweaving carbon fiber with carbon matrix and carbon atomic filaments with the diameter of only 0.005-0.01 mm, and the carbon matrix enclosed in the honeycomb plate can uniformly lighten the weight and resist chemical actions.
10. The heat treatment combination tool for preventing the lug of the shaft part from deforming as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tool support body unit is made of at least one of oxidation resistance, sulfur corrosion resistance and carbon resistance chromium manganese nitrogen resistance austenitic heat-resistant steel, heat-resistant alloy or austenitic stainless steel, wherein the carburization resistance chromium manganese nitrogen resistance austenitic heat-resistant steel component material, ni 3 A l The material comprises the components of Cr, zr, mo, B mass percent of 35-88 percent of Ni, 8-11 percent of Al, 20-26 percent of Cr, 37-18 percent of Ni and the maximum use temperature of 1000 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311792110.1A CN117758038A (en) | 2023-12-25 | 2023-12-25 | Heat treatment combined tool for preventing lug of shaft part from deforming |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311792110.1A CN117758038A (en) | 2023-12-25 | 2023-12-25 | Heat treatment combined tool for preventing lug of shaft part from deforming |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117758038A true CN117758038A (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311792110.1A Pending CN117758038A (en) | 2023-12-25 | 2023-12-25 | Heat treatment combined tool for preventing lug of shaft part from deforming |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117758038A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-25 CN CN202311792110.1A patent/CN117758038A/en active Pending
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