CN117756803A - Naphthalimide derivative, dye and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a naphthalene diimide derivative, a dye and its application. The naphthalene diimide derivative has the following general formula (I): Among them, R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ and R ₆ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent. The photosensitive resin composition of the present invention includes the following components and parts by weight: 90-110 parts of naphthalenedimide derivatives, 230-270 parts of solvent, 90-110 parts of multi-functional monomers, and 90-110 parts of alkali-soluble resin parts, photoinitiator 4-6 parts, other additives 0.4-0.6 parts. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention uses a closed-ring fused-ring π-conjugated naphthalene diimide with high chemical bond energy as the core structure, thus ensuring the photochemical stability of the dye. At the same time, by modifying the molecular chain segments on the periphery, the aggregation between chromophores can be inhibited to improve its thermal stability, solubility in solvents, and compatibility with other components of the color photoresist.

Description

Naphthalene diimide derivatives, dyes and their applications

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of dyes, and in particular relates to naphthalene diimide derivatives, dyes and applications thereof.

Background Art

Displays are the most important media in the information age. Since the late 19th century, flat panel displays have replaced the market share of CRTs (cathode ray tubes). Among flat panel displays, LCDs (electronically modulated optical devices consisting of multiple parts filled with liquid crystals and arranged in front of a light source (backlight) to produce color images) have occupied the largest market share due to their many advantages such as low cost, low power consumption and flexibility. Color filters that convert white backlight into colored light of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) are key components in the development of display technology because they have great potential to improve image quality. Typically, only 6.3% of the backlight can pass through the entire panel, which includes polarizing filters, TFT arrays, LC cells and color filters, of which the transmittance through the color filters is the lowest (30%). Therefore, the development of color filters with high transmittance is essential to save energy consumption as well as improve high-quality displays.

At present, the pigment dispersion method of forming RGB patterned pixels using photolithography has been widely used to produce color filters because color filters with superior stability can be prepared. Although the color filters produced by this method have good thermal stability and photochemical stability, they have low color characteristics due to the light scattering problem of the pigment particles used as colorants, which reduces the transmittance of the corresponding prepared aggregation behavior color filters. Dyes can overcome this problem and become a substitute for pigments because they are dissolved in the medium and exist in molecular form, thereby reducing light scattering. However, although dyes can generally produce color filters with high transmittance and high contrast, they have poor heat resistance and light resistance, and there is a problem of easy chromaticity change when heated at high temperature in the color filter step. In addition, they should be highly soluble in industrial solvents and have strong absorption peaks to obtain excellent optical properties. Specifically, the problems are:

(1) Dyes in a molecularly dispersed state are generally inferior in light resistance and heat resistance compared to pigments that form molecular aggregates. In particular, when forming an indium tin oxide (ITO) film widely used for electrodes of liquid crystal displays, etc., optical properties are changed due to high temperature processes.

(2) Dyes in a molecularly dispersed state usually have poorer solvent resistance than pigments that form molecular aggregates.

(3) Dyes tend to inhibit radical polymerization reactions, so there are difficulties in designing colored curable compositions for systems using radical polymerization as a curing means.

(4) Conventional dyes exhibit low solubility in alkaline aqueous solutions or organic solvents, and thus it is difficult to obtain a colored curable composition with a desired spectrum.

(5) Dyes generally show interaction with other components in a colored curable composition, so it is difficult to control the solubility (developability) of exposed and unexposed portions.

(6) When the molar absorption coefficient ε of the dye is low, a large amount of the dye needs to be added. Therefore, the amount of other components in the colored curable composition, such as a polymerizable compound (monomer), a binder or a photopolymerization initiator, has to be relatively reduced, thereby reducing the curability, heat resistance after curing and developability of the composition.

Therefore, a new type of dye with both light and heat stability and good compatibility is still to be developed.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a naphthalene diimide derivative, a dye and its application in order to overcome the defects of traditional dyes that it is difficult to take into account both light and heat stability and good compatibility.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

A naphthalene diimide derivative having the following general formula (I):

Here, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.

Further, each of _R1 to _R6 is independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted group: a C1 to C100 chain alkyl group, a C1 to C100 chain alkenyl group, a C1 to C100 chain alkynyl group, a C3 to C100 cycloalkyl group, a C4 to C100 cycloalkenyl group, a C4 to C100 cycloalkynyl group, a C1 to C100 alkoxy group, a C1 to C100 thioalkoxy group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, a C6 to C100 aryl group, a C3 to C100 heteroaryl group, or a C4 to C100 aryloxy group.

Furthermore, each of _R1 to _R6 is independently selected from one or more of the groups represented by the following formula (B-1) to formula (B-2):

Among them, L1 to L5 each independently represent any one of a hydrogen atom, a C1 to C50 chain alkyl group, a C1 to C50 chain alkenyl group, a C1 to C50 alkoxy group, a C3 to C50 heteroaryl group, a C3 to C50 phenoxy group, and a C3 to C50 phenylthio group.

Furthermore, each of _R1 to _R6 is independently selected from one or more of the groups represented by the following formulas (C-1) to (C-10):

Here, X ₁ to X ₃ each independently represent any one of a hydrogen atom, a C1 to C50 chain alkyl group, a C1 to C50 chain alkenyl group, a C1 to C50 alkoxy group, a C3 to C50 heteroaryl group, a C3 to C50 phenoxy group, and a C3 to C50 phenylthio group.

Furthermore, each of _R1 to _R6 is independently selected from one or more of the groups represented by the following formulas (A-1) to (A-49):

The dotted line represents the connecting bond of R1 to R6 in the general formula (I).

Furthermore, the naphthalene diimide derivative is selected from the following formula (1) to formula (332):

The present invention also provides a method for preparing a naphthalene diimide derivative, comprising the following steps:

Synthesis of S1 intermediate: adding dibromohydantoin to 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic anhydride (NDA) and concentrated sulfuric acid to carry out substitution reaction to obtain 2,6-dibromonaphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid bisimide; adding arylamine to 2,6-dibromonaphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid bisimide to carry out substitution reaction, and obtaining the intermediate after purification;

S2 Preparation of naphthalene diimide derivatives: adding an arylamine or a cycloalkylamine to the intermediate obtained in step (1) to carry out a substitution reaction, and obtaining the naphthalene diimide derivative after purification;

Furthermore, the arylamine is selected from the amine derivatives of formula (B-1), and the cycloalkylamine is selected from the amine derivatives of formula (B-2).

The present invention also provides a photosensitive resin composition, comprising the above-mentioned naphthalene diimide derivative, wherein the photosensitive resin composition comprises the following components and their contents in parts by weight:

Furthermore, the multifunctional monomer includes one or more of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate and trimethylolpropane propoxide trimethacrylate.

Furthermore, the solvent includes one or more of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate or propylene glycol methyl ether.

The present invention also provides an application of the photosensitive resin composition in a filter, an image sensor and a display device.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention adopts a closed-ring fused-ring π-conjugated mother core structure such as naphthalene diimide (NDI). Its closed-ring and π-conjugated properties can make the molecular skeleton have high chemical bond energy, thus providing a basis for good photothermal and chemical stability. At the same time, the optical properties of the naphthalene diimide derivatives can be adjusted by substitution at the mother core or imide position while maintaining light and thermal stability.

(2) The present invention solves the problem of easy aggregation of naphthalene diimide in organic solvents by modifying naphthalene diimide, and connects a ligand with a resin monomer to the parent core to improve the anti-migration ability of naphthalene diimide dye in color photoresist.

(3) The naphthalene diimide dye of the present invention has good solubility and compatibility in color photoresist solvents, and also has higher color purity. It can be used as a class of dyes with excellent performance in filters of display and sensing devices such as liquid crystal displays and image sensors.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a mass spectrum of intermediate 1.

FIG2 is a mass spectrum of Example 1-1.

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the ultraviolet absorption-transmission of the naphthalene diimide dye of Example 1-1 and Example 1-11 and C.I. Solvent Blue 106 in PGMEA (propylene glycol methyl ether acetate).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods, instruments and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods, instruments and equipment in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.

The preparation method of the intermediate involved in the embodiments of the present invention is as follows:

Synthesis of intermediate 1:

(1) 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic anhydride (20 mmol) and concentrated sulfuric acid (60 ml) were added to a 150 ml thick-walled pressure bottle in sequence, stirred at room temperature to dissolve, dibromohydantoin (DBH) was added in batches to prevent caking, sealed and stirred at 80° C. for 24 h, and after the reaction was completed, cooled to room temperature, the product was introduced into ice water, and pre-prepared sodium sulfite was added, washed with water three times to remove acid, washed with ethanol three times to remove water, and dried at 80° C. The yield was 85%, and 2,6-dibromonaphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid bisimide was obtained.

After high-resolution mass spectrometry, ESI source, and positive ion mode detection, the molecular formula of intermediate 1 is C ₁₄ H ₂ Br ₂ N ₂ O ₆ , the detection value is 425.22, and the theoretical value is 425.97, as shown in Figure 1; the detected element content (%): C, 39.53; H, 0.54; Br, 37.58; O, 22.96. Theoretical element content (%): C, 39, 48; H, 0.47; Br, 37.52; O, 22.54. The above analysis results show that the obtained product is the expected product.

Synthesis of intermediate 2:

A mixture of the reactant bromohydroxy acid diester (2 mmol), the starting material 1 (4 mmol) and acetic acid (30 ml) was stirred at 120° C. under nitrogen for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, it was cooled to room temperature and poured into cold water. The solid was filtered and the filtrate was washed with water and methanol. After vacuum drying, it was purified by column chromatography with dichloromethane: petroleum ether = 2:3, with a yield of 76%.

After high-resolution mass spectrometry, ESI source, and positive ion mode detection, the molecular formula of intermediate 2 is C ₃₈ H ₃₆ Br ₂ N ₂ O ₄ , the mass spectrometry detection value is 744.21, and the theoretical value is 744.52; the detected element content (%): C, 61, 55; H, 4.96; Br, 21.54; N, 3.92; O, 8.77. Theoretical element content (%): C, 61, 30; H, 4.87; Br, 21.46; N, 3.76; O, 8.60. The above analysis results show that the obtained product is the expected product.

The synthesis methods of intermediates 3 to 5 are similar to those of reaction formula 2, except that the starting material 1 selects other corresponding structures. The experimental steps and operations are not specifically listed here. The structures of other starting materials are shown below:

The structure of the synthesized intermediate is shown below:

The experimental data of intermediates 3 to 5 are listed in the following table:

Table 1

Synthesis of intermediate 6:

A mixture of intermediate 1 (2 mmol), starting material 1 (6 mmol) and acetic acid (30 ml) was stirred at 135°C under nitrogen for 6 h. After the reaction was completed, it was cooled to room temperature and poured into cold water. The solid was filtered and the filtrate was washed with water and methanol. After vacuum drying, it was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate: petroleum ether = 1:40, with a yield of 70%.

After high-resolution mass spectrometry, ESI source, and positive ion mode detection, the molecular formula of intermediate 6 is C ₅₀ H ₅₄ BrN ₂ O ₄ , the mass spectrometry detection value is 839.11, and the theoretical value is 839.32; the detected element content (%): C, 71.53; H, 6.55; Br, 9.58; N, 5.11; O, 7.67. Theoretical element content (%): C, 71.42; H, 6.47; Br, 9.50; N, 5.00; O, 7.61. The above analysis results show that the obtained product is the expected product.

The synthesis method of intermediates 7 to 9 is similar to that of reaction formula 3. It is only necessary to replace the starting material 1 with the corresponding other starting materials. The experimental steps and operations are not listed here one by one. The structures of other starting materials are shown below:

The structural formula of the synthesized intermediate is shown below:

The experimental data of intermediates 7 to 9 are listed in the following table:

Table 2

Intermediates Starting material Intermediate mass spectrometry data Intermediate elemental analysis data Yield 7 2 755.29 C,69.92;H,5.62;Br,10.63;N,5.77;O,8.52 79% 8 3 923.52 C,72.80;H,7.26;Br,8.71;N,4.62;O,7.03 74% 9 4 1091.72 C,74.82;H,8.36;Br,7.38;N,3.91;O,5.91 68%

The following will further explain with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1-1: Synthesis of dye (5)

Intermediate 2 (0.54 mmol), starting material 5 (5 mmol), dimethylformamide (DMF) (20 ml) were added to a two-necked flask and heated to reflux at 135 ° C for 10 h under N ₂ protection. After stopping the reaction, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and then quenched with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution. The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (3x100 mL), and the combined organic extracts were dried over MgSO ₄ and separated and purified on a silica gel column with an eluent of petroleum ether: dichloromethane = 1:1. 1.77 g of blue solid was obtained with a yield of 84%.

After high-resolution mass spectrometry, ESI source, and positive ion mode detection, the molecular formula of structural formula (5) is C ₆₂ H ₇₂ N ₄ O ₄ , the detection value is 937.06, and the theoretical value is 937.28, as shown in Figure 2; the detected element content (%): C, 79.55; H, 7.64; N, 5.88; O, 6.93. Theoretical element content (%): C, 79.45; H, 7.74; N, 5.98; O, 6.83. The above analysis results show that the obtained product is the expected product.

The reactions of other embodiments are similar to the above formula, and it is only necessary to replace the starting material 5 and the intermediate 2 with corresponding other starting materials and intermediates. The experimental steps and operations are not specifically listed here. The intermediates are the intermediates 3 to 9 synthesized above, and the structures of other starting materials are shown below:

The synthesis methods of Examples 1-2 to 1-72 are similar to those of Example 1-1, except that the intermediates and starting materials used are different. The molecular structure identification data of the required intermediates and compounds and products are shown in Table 3:

Table 3

The following examples all use the naphthalene diimide dye prepared in the above examples to prepare a colored photosensitive resin composition, and perform photolithography development to compare the relevant properties of the photosensitive resin composition.

Example 2-1:

This embodiment provides a blue photosensitive resin composition and a preparation method thereof.

Take 200 parts by weight of a colorant (composed of 100 parts by weight of the dye (5) of Example 1-1 and 100 parts by weight of a solvent Q1), 50 parts by weight of a multifunctional monomer M1, 50 parts by weight of a multifunctional monomer M2, 100 parts by weight of an alkali-soluble resin N, 0.2 parts by weight of an additive 01, 0.3 parts by weight of an additive 02, and 5 parts by weight of a photoinitiator P, add about 100 parts by weight of a solvent Q1 and about 50 parts by weight of a solvent Q2, fully dissolve and mix, control the solid content to about 20%, and obtain a blue photosensitive resin composition.

Among them, multifunctional monomer M1: dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (analytical grade), purchased from Sartomer; multifunctional monomer M2: trimethylolpropane propoxide trimethacrylate (analytical grade), purchased from Double Bond Chemical, Taiwan, China; alkali-soluble resin N: trade name Sarbox SB400 (analytical grade), purchased from Sartomer; additive 01: F-556 (trade name, purchased from DIC Corporation); additive 02: KH570 (γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane), purchased from J&K; photoinitiator P: IRGACURE OXE 01 (trade name, purchased from BASF); solvent Q1: PGMEA (propylene glycol methyl ether acetate), purchased from Dow Chemical; solvent Q2: PM (propylene glycol methyl ether), purchased from Dow Chemical.

The formulas of Examples 2-2 to 2-72 refer to Example 2-1, except that the dye in the colorant is the naphthalene diimide derivative of the corresponding example, as shown in Table 4, and other components are not described in detail.

Comparative Example 2-1:

This comparative example provides a blue photosensitive resin composition using C.I. Solvent Blue 106 as a dye.

Take 200 parts by weight of a colorant (composed of 100 parts by weight of C.I. Solvent Blue 106 and 100 parts by weight of a solvent Q1), 50 parts by weight of a multifunctional monomer M1, 50 parts by weight of a multifunctional monomer M2, 100 parts by weight of an alkali-soluble resin N, 0.2 parts by weight of an additive 01, 0.3 parts by weight of an additive 02, and 5 parts by weight of a photoinitiator P, add about 100 parts by weight of a solvent Q1 and about 50 parts by weight of a solvent Q2, fully dissolve and mix, control the solid content to about 20%, and obtain a blue photosensitive resin composition.

Among them, multifunctional monomer M1: dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (analytical grade), purchased from Sartomer; multifunctional monomer M2: trimethylolpropane propoxide trimethacrylate (analytical grade), purchased from Double Bond Chemical, Taiwan, China; alkali-soluble resin N: trade name Sarbox SB400 (analytical grade), purchased from Sartomer; additive 01: F-556 (trade name, purchased from DIC Corporation); additive 02: KH570 (γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane), purchased from J&K; photoinitiator P: IRGACURE OXE 01 (trade name, purchased from BASF); solvent Q1: PGMEA (propylene glycol methyl ether acetate), purchased from Dow Chemical; solvent Q2: PM (propylene glycol methyl ether), purchased from Dow Chemical.

The performance test of the photosensitive resin composition of Examples 2-1 to 2-72 of the present invention adopts a lithographic imaging method, including the following steps:

The glass sheet was cleaned and dried, and coated with glue using a spin coater to obtain a uniform film layer of 1.5-2.0μm. Pre-baked at 90℃ for 120s, exposed with 365nm ultraviolet light, with an exposure amount of 40mJ/ ^cm2 , a distance of 180μm between the mask and the coating, developed at 23℃ for 50s, and post-baked at 230℃ for 20min. The subsequent related properties were tested, and the results are shown in Table 4.

Performance testing and evaluation methods:

(1) Chroma: measured using a Konica Minolta CM-5 spectrophotometer.

(2) System compatibility: The photosensitive resin composition was stored in a dark environment at 0-10°C and its viscosity was tested (for at least six months). The composition was then photolithographically processed according to the process conditions and the presence of particles on the surface of the color film was examined under an optical microscope (OM) at x500.

The evaluation criteria are as follows:

○: Viscosity change value < ±5% mpa·s and no particles on the surface of x500;

△: Viscosity change value < ±10% mpa·s and no particles on the surface of x500;

×: Viscosity change value > ±10% mPa·s or particles on the surface of x500;

(3) Heat resistance test: The heat resistance of the photosensitive resin composition was verified by color difference. The film was post-baked at 230°C for 20 min, and the post-baking was repeated twice. The film thickness was measured by XP-2 step profiler. The color difference was the color difference between the second post-baking sample and the first post-baking sample, and was measured by Minolta CM-5. If ΔE _ab <3, it indicates good heat resistance.

(4) Evaluation of solvent resistance:

The post-baked sample was placed in isopropanol, soaked at room temperature for 5 minutes, placed in an oven and baked at 150°C for 30 minutes, and the color difference before and after was measured. If ΔE _ab <3, it indicates good solvent resistance.

(5) Evaluation of anti-migration performance:

According to the manufacturing process of the color filter, a red or blue pixel A is first prepared on the TFT glass. Then the sample is coated, and after the development is completed, the surface of the color filter is blown dry, and the color difference before and after the pixel A is measured. If ΔE _ab <3, it indicates good anti-migration property.

(6) Line width, edge line uniformity, and development process margin:

The line width and edge uniformity were tested by x500 OM, and the mask line width was 140μm.

When evaluating the process margin, other process conditions are fixed, and the edge line uniformity and edge residue or edge peeling of the image obtained when the development time is between 40-100s are examined. The peeling property is determined by referring to the adhesion measurement method in this field.

The evaluation criteria for edge neatness are as follows:

○: The edges are neat and there is no residue at the edge after 50s of development;

△: After 50s of development, the image edge has burrs, is not neat, or has residues on the edge;

×: Image missing

The specific criteria for evaluating the development process margin are as follows:

○: The edges are neat and there is no residue or peeling at the edges after 40-100s of development;

△: The edges are neat and there is no residue or peeling at the edges after 50-80s of development;

×: The edge is not neat, or there is residue at the edge, or there is peeling at the edge after 50-80s of development;

The alkaline developer used above is an aqueous solution of alkaline compounds such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, ammonia, diethylamine or tetramethylammonium hydroxide, with an [OH-] concentration of 0.2-1.0%, preferably 0.4-0.6%. The embodiments all use sodium hydroxide solution.

The evaluation results of the blue photosensitive resin compositions of Examples 2-1 to 2-72 are shown in Table 4.

Table 4

As shown in the comparison of the experimental results in Figure 3 and Table 4, the C.I. Solvent Blue 106 of Comparative Example 2-1 has a general solubility in PGMEA, while the dyes involved in Examples 2-1 to 2-72 have very good solubility in the color photoresist solvent PGMEA and a higher blue color purity. At the same time, compared with the photosensitive resin composition using C.I. Solvent Blue 106 in Comparative Example 2-1, the photosensitive resin composition using Examples 2-1 to 2-72 has better heat resistance and similar good process properties, such as system compatibility, edge line neatness, and development process margin.

The present invention provides a compound with excellent performance used as a dye in a filter of a display and sensing device such as a liquid crystal display and an image sensor. The present invention adopts a closed-ring condensed-ring π-conjugated mother core structure such as naphthalene diimide (NDI), and its closed-ring and π-conjugated properties can make the molecular skeleton have a high chemical bond energy, so the naphthalene diimide derivative has good photothermal chemical stability. The optical properties of NDI can be easily adjusted by substitution at the NDI core or imide position while maintaining light and thermal stability. Based on the excellent stability of the naphthalene diimide mother core, the naphthalene diimide derivative can be used as a dye in filters of display and sensing devices such as liquid crystal displays and image sensors.

The present invention overcomes the problems of insufficient photophysical properties and thermal stability of traditional dyes, as well as poor solubility and compatibility in color photoresist systems, and proposes a method of solving the problem of easy aggregation of naphthalene diimide in organic solvents by modifying naphthalene diimide, connecting a ligand with a resin monomer at the parent core to improve the anti-migration ability of the dye in the color photoresist.

The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A naphthalene diimide derivative, characterized in that it has the following general formula (I): Here, R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ , R ₅ , and R ₆ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent. 2. A naphthalene diimide derivative according to claim 1, characterized in that _R1 to _R6 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted group: a C1 to C100 chain alkyl group, a C1 to C100 chain alkenyl group, a C1 to C100 chain alkynyl group, a C3 to C100 cycloalkyl group, a C4 to C100 cycloalkenyl group, a C4 to C100 cycloalkynyl group, a C1 to C100 alkoxy group, a C1 to C100 thioalkoxy group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, a C6 to C100 aryl group, a C3 to C100 heteroaryl group, or a C4 to C100 aryloxy group. 3. A naphthalene diimide derivative according to claim 2, characterized in that R ₁ to R ₆ are each independently selected from one or more of the groups represented by the following formulas (B-1) to (B-2): Among them, L1 to L5 each independently represent any one of a hydrogen atom, a C1 to C50 chain alkyl group, a C1 to C50 chain alkenyl group, a C1 to C50 alkoxy group, a C3 to C50 heteroaryl group, a C3 to C50 phenoxy group, and a C3 to C50 phenylthio group. 4. A naphthalene diimide derivative according to claim 3, characterized in that R ₁ to R ₆ are each independently selected from one or more of the groups represented by the following formulas (C-1) to (C-10): wherein X ₁ to X ₃ each independently represent any one of a hydrogen atom, a C1 to C50 chain alkyl group, a C1 to C50 chain alkenyl group, a C1 to C50 alkoxy group, a C3 to C50 heteroaryl group, a C3 to C50 phenoxy group, and a C3 to C50 phenylthio group; The dotted line represents the connecting bond of R1 to R6 in the general formula (I). 5. A naphthalene diimide derivative according to claim 4, characterized in that R ₁ to R ₆ are each independently selected from one or more of the groups represented by the following formulas (A-1) to (A-49): The dotted line represents the connecting bond of R ₁ to R ₆ in the general formula (I). 6. A naphthalene diimide derivative according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the naphthalene diimide derivative is selected from the following formulas (1) to (332): 7. A method for preparing the naphthalene diimide derivative according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Synthesis of S1 intermediate: adding dibromohydantoin to 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic anhydride and concentrated sulfuric acid to carry out a substitution reaction to obtain 2,6-dibromonaphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid bisimide; adding arylamine to 2,6-dibromonaphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid bisimide to carry out a substitution reaction, and purifying to obtain the intermediate; S2 Preparation of naphthalene diimide derivatives: adding an arylamine or a cycloalkylamine to the intermediate obtained in step (1) to carry out a substitution reaction, and obtaining the naphthalene diimide derivative after purification; The arylamine is selected from the amine derivatives of formula (B-1), and the cycloalkylamine is selected from the amine derivatives of formula (B-2). 8. A photosensitive resin composition, characterized in that it comprises the naphthalene diimide derivative according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the photosensitive resin composition comprises the following components and their contents in parts by weight: 9. A photosensitive resin composition according to claim 8, characterized in that the multifunctional monomer comprises one or more of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate and trimethylolpropane propoxide trimethacrylate; The solvent includes one or more of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate or propylene glycol methyl ether. 10. Use of the photosensitive resin composition according to any one of claims 8 to 9 in a filter, an image sensor and a display device.