CN117754328A - Annular thin-wall part processing deformation factor analysis and control method - Google Patents
Annular thin-wall part processing deformation factor analysis and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117754328A CN117754328A CN202311772833.5A CN202311772833A CN117754328A CN 117754328 A CN117754328 A CN 117754328A CN 202311772833 A CN202311772833 A CN 202311772833A CN 117754328 A CN117754328 A CN 117754328A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000556 factor analysis Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A method for analyzing and controlling processing deformation factors of an annular thin-wall part relates to the technical field of annular thin-wall part processing. The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing annular thin-wall part is extremely easy to deform in the processing process, the product quality is seriously influenced, and the functional efficiency of a unit is further influenced. The method for analyzing the processing deformation factor of the annular thin-wall part comprises clamping deformation; processing and deforming; deformation of the cutting force; and cutting thermal deformation. The method for controlling the processing deformation of the annular thin-wall part comprises the steps of changing a clamping mode; changing the processing method; controlling the cutting depth; and (5) cutting and cooling. The invention is used for processing the annular thin-wall part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of annular thin-wall part machining, in particular to a method for analyzing and controlling machining deformation factors of an annular thin-wall part.
Background
The parts of the steam turbine product are mostly used in high-temperature, high-pressure and high-rotation-speed environments, most of product structures belong to thin-wall parts, the requirements on dimensional accuracy and form and position tolerance are high, the parts are extremely easy to deform in the processing process, the product quality is seriously affected, and then the functional efficiency of a unit is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing annular thin-wall part is extremely easy to deform in the processing process, the product quality is seriously influenced, and further the functional efficiency of a unit is influenced, and further provides an analysis and control method for the processing deformation factor of the annular thin-wall part.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the method for analyzing the processing deformation factor of the annular thin-wall part comprises the following steps:
step one, clamping deformation: the clamping mode of the annular piece is that a three-jaw chuck or a four-jaw chuck is adopted to clamp in the diameter direction, and as the workpiece is a thin-wall piece, the clamping force can lead the annular thin-wall piece to deform in the clamping process, so that the dimensional accuracy and the shape and position accuracy are affected;
secondly, processing deformation: because the workpiece generates stress and releases stress in the process of removing the allowance, the annular thin-wall part is deformed due to the stress generated and released in the processing process;
step three, cutting force deformation: the cutter generates cutting force in the process of cutting the workpiece, and the cutting force directly acts on the annular thin-wall part to cause cutting deformation of the annular thin-wall part;
cutting thermal deformation: when the cutter is used for cutting, cutting heat is generated on the surface of the workpiece, the cutting heat causes temperature difference between the surface of the workpiece and the inside of the workpiece, so that internal and external expansion is uneven, and the annular thin-wall part is subjected to cutting thermal deformation.
Further, the radial clamping force during the clamping in the first step causes radial deformation of the annular thin-walled member.
The annular thin-wall part processing deformation control method comprises the following steps:
step one, changing a clamping mode: changing the original radial clamping mode into axial clamping;
step two, changing the processing method: tempering is carried out before the processing of a workpiece, and rough processing, semi-finishing and finishing steps are arranged in the processing process;
step three, controlling the cutting depth: the cutting depth of each feeding of rough machining is smaller than or equal to 0.5mm, the cutting depth of each feeding of semi-finishing machining is smaller than or equal to 0.1mm, and the cutting depth of each feeding of finishing machining is smaller than or equal to 0.05mm;
and step four, cutting and cooling: the method is characterized in that stress heat is released in a mode of machining and aging when a workpiece is cut, and meanwhile cooling liquid is used for cooling in the cutting process.
Further, in the second step, the rough machining and the first semi-finishing are carried out by clamping in an axial tensioning mode.
Further, in the second semi-finishing and finishing step, clamping processing is performed in an axial compression mode.
And further, tempering to remove stress after rough machining in the second step, and then semi-finishing.
And further, performing semi-finishing in the second step, aging for more than forty-eight hours, and then performing finishing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for analyzing and controlling the processing deformation factor of an annular thin-wall part, which aims to effectively solve the problem of controlling the processing deformation of the annular thin-wall part and achieve the purpose of improving the qualification rate of the product by researching and analyzing the factors which lead to the deformation of the annular thin-wall part in a steam turbine product.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an annular thin-walled member in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the invention more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, the method for analyzing the processing deformation factor of the annular thin-walled part according to the present embodiment includes the following steps:
step one, clamping deformation: the clamping mode of the annular piece is that a three-jaw chuck or a four-jaw chuck is adopted to clamp in the diameter direction, and as the workpiece is a thin-wall piece, the clamping force can lead the annular thin-wall piece to deform in the clamping process, so that the dimensional accuracy and the shape and position accuracy are affected;
secondly, processing deformation: because the workpiece generates stress and releases stress in the process of removing the allowance, the annular thin-wall part is deformed due to the stress generated and released in the processing process;
step three, cutting force deformation: the cutter generates cutting force in the process of cutting the workpiece, and the cutting force directly acts on the annular thin-wall part to cause cutting deformation of the annular thin-wall part;
cutting thermal deformation: when the cutter is used for cutting, cutting heat is generated on the surface of the workpiece, the cutting heat causes temperature difference between the surface of the workpiece and the inside of the workpiece, so that internal and external expansion is uneven, and the annular thin-wall part is subjected to cutting thermal deformation.
Because the wall is thin, clamping deformation is a primary factor influencing deformation of the annular thin-wall part, and especially serious radial deformation can be generated when the annular thin-wall part is slightly stressed during radial clamping, so that the dimensional accuracy and the shape and position accuracy are influenced.
And the stress generated in the machining process is also a factor influencing the deformation of the annular thin-wall part, and the stress is continuously generated and released in the process of removing the allowance because the allowance is required to be removed by the workpiece, so that the annular thin-wall part is deformed due to the stress at the moment.
In addition, the annular thin-wall part can be deformed due to the action of cutting force, the cutter can generate great cutting force in the cutting process, and the deformation of the annular thin-wall part due to the action of the cutting force cannot be ignored in actual production.
The heat generated by the final cutting also can influence the deformation of the workpiece, a large amount of cutting heat can be generated on the surface of the workpiece when the cutter cuts, and the cutting heat has less influence on the inside of the workpiece, so that temperature difference is generated between the surface and the inside of the workpiece, the internal and external expansion is uneven, the wall of the thin-wall part is very thin, and the internal and external temperature difference is one of factors causing the deformation of the thin-wall part.
The second embodiment is as follows: in the description of the present embodiment with reference to fig. 1, the radial clamping force during the first step of clamping in the present embodiment causes radial deformation of the annular thin-walled member.
The technical features not disclosed in this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
And a third specific embodiment: referring to fig. 1, the method for controlling the deformation of the annular thin-walled member according to the present embodiment includes the steps of:
step one, changing a clamping mode: changing the original radial clamping mode into axial clamping;
step two, changing the processing method: tempering is carried out before the processing of a workpiece, and rough processing, semi-finishing and finishing steps are arranged in the processing process;
step three, controlling the cutting depth: the cutting depth of each feeding of rough machining is smaller than or equal to 0.5mm, the cutting depth of each feeding of semi-finishing machining is smaller than or equal to 0.1mm, and the cutting depth of each feeding of finishing machining is smaller than or equal to 0.05mm;
and step four, cutting and cooling: the method is characterized in that stress heat is released in a mode of machining and aging when a workpiece is cut, and meanwhile cooling liquid is used for cooling in the cutting process.
In the process of machining the annular piece, the traditional clamping mode is to adopt a three-jaw chuck or a four-jaw chuck to clamp in the diameter direction, but because the wall of the thin-wall piece is thin, the workpiece deformation can be generated under the condition of adopting the clamping mode, and in order to prevent the workpiece deformation, the traditional clamping mode is broken through, and the radial clamping is changed into the axial clamping.
Finally, in order to prevent the deformation of the workpiece caused by cutting heat, stress heat should be released by adopting a mode of aging while machining, and meanwhile, sufficient cooling liquid is needed in the cutting process, and oil cooling liquid is not needed.
After the deformation factors of the high-precision annular thin-wall workpiece are analyzed in detail and the method for controlling the processing deformation of the high-precision annular thin-wall workpiece is provided, the problem of the processing deformation of the high-precision annular thin-wall part with the diameter of less than 500mm can be effectively solved, and the method can be popularized to the processing of the annular thin-wall workpiece with the larger diameter and high precision.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: in the second step of the present embodiment, the rough machining and the first semi-finishing are performed by clamping in an axially tightening manner, as described with reference to fig. 1.
The technical features not disclosed in this embodiment are the same as those of the third embodiment.
Fifth embodiment: referring to fig. 1, in the second half-finishing and finishing step according to the present embodiment, clamping is performed by axial compression.
The technical features not disclosed in this embodiment are the same as those of the third embodiment.
Specific embodiment six: in the second embodiment, the rough machining is performed in step two, and then the semi-finishing is performed after tempering to remove the stress, as described with reference to fig. 1.
The technical features not disclosed in this embodiment are the same as those of the third embodiment.
Seventh embodiment: referring to fig. 1, in the second embodiment, the semi-finishing is performed for forty-eight hours or more, and then the finishing is performed.
The technical features not disclosed in this embodiment are the same as those of the third embodiment.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A method for analyzing the processing deformation factor of an annular thin-wall part is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, clamping deformation: the clamping mode of the annular piece is that a three-jaw chuck or a four-jaw chuck is adopted to clamp in the diameter direction, and as the workpiece is a thin-wall piece, the clamping force can lead the annular thin-wall piece to deform in the clamping process, so that the dimensional accuracy and the shape and position accuracy are affected;
secondly, processing deformation: because the workpiece generates stress and releases stress in the process of removing the allowance, the annular thin-wall part is deformed due to the stress generated and released in the processing process;
step three, cutting force deformation: the cutter generates cutting force in the process of cutting the workpiece, and the cutting force directly acts on the annular thin-wall part to cause cutting deformation of the annular thin-wall part;
cutting thermal deformation: when the cutter is used for cutting, cutting heat is generated on the surface of the workpiece, the cutting heat causes temperature difference between the surface of the workpiece and the inside of the workpiece, so that internal and external expansion is uneven, and the annular thin-wall part is subjected to cutting thermal deformation.
2. The method for analyzing the processing deformation factor of the annular thin-walled workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the radial clamping force in the clamping process in the first step can lead to radial deformation of the annular thin-walled part.
3. A deformation control method based on analysis of the processing deformation factor of the annular thin-walled member according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, changing a clamping mode: changing the original radial clamping mode into axial clamping;
step two, changing the processing method: tempering is carried out before the processing of a workpiece, and rough processing, semi-finishing and finishing steps are arranged in the processing process;
step three, controlling the cutting depth: the cutting depth of each feeding of rough machining is smaller than or equal to 0.5mm, the cutting depth of each feeding of semi-finishing machining is smaller than or equal to 0.1mm, and the cutting depth of each feeding of finishing machining is smaller than or equal to 0.05mm;
and step four, cutting and cooling: the method is characterized in that stress heat is released in a mode of machining and aging when a workpiece is cut, and meanwhile cooling liquid is used for cooling in the cutting process.
4. A method for controlling the processing deformation of an annular thin-walled member according to claim 3, wherein: and in the second step, the rough machining and the first semi-finishing are carried out by adopting an axial tensioning mode for clamping.
5. A method for controlling the processing deformation of an annular thin-walled member according to claim 3, wherein: and in the second step, clamping processing is carried out in an axial compression mode during the second semi-finishing and finishing.
6. A method for controlling the processing deformation of an annular thin-walled member according to claim 3, wherein: and in the second step, tempering is needed to remove stress after rough machining, and semi-finishing is performed.
7. A method for controlling the processing deformation of an annular thin-walled member according to claim 3, wherein: and in the second step, the semi-finishing is performed for more than forty-eight hours, and then the finishing is performed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311772833.5A CN117754328A (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Annular thin-wall part processing deformation factor analysis and control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311772833.5A CN117754328A (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Annular thin-wall part processing deformation factor analysis and control method |
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| CN117754328A true CN117754328A (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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| CN202311772833.5A Pending CN117754328A (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Annular thin-wall part processing deformation factor analysis and control method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117754328A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-21 CN CN202311772833.5A patent/CN117754328A/en active Pending
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