CN117752289A - Multi-mode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device and imaging method - Google Patents
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Abstract
According to the multi-mode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device and the imaging method, NIRF, NIRS and FLIM are combined to form the multi-mode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device, and the multi-functional signals are synchronously acquired while the reserved large imaging field of view is reserved, so that more comprehensive basic functional evaluation research and clinical requirements are met.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an imaging catheter, a multi-mode broad-spectrum endoscopic imaging device and an imaging method.
Background
Ischemic cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease (Coronary Heart Disease) and Stroke (Stroke), remains the leading cause of highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the etiology framework of these diseases, atherosclerosis is considered to be the leading cause of serious clinical events. The previous studies on the size of atherosclerotic plaques and the concomitant narrowing of the lumen have been key to basic studies, while in recent years the trend of research has been gradually toward vulnerable studies on plaques. Functional intravascular imaging techniques, such as Near infrared fluorescence imaging (Near-infrared Fluorescence, NIRF), near infrared spectroscopy imaging (Near-infrared Spectrum, NIRS), and fluorescence lifetime imaging (Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging, FLIM), are important functional imaging tools for studying vulnerable plaque. The content of a specific component in the plaque reflects the stability of the plaque to some extent. The components can be labeled by using specific fluorescent targeting materials, or the reflection spectrum and autofluorescence lifetime can be detected without the label, which can be the target of functional imaging for detecting the component content. Internationally, a plurality of subject groups have developed the exploration of plaque vulnerability by a functional imaging technology, and korean Gao Lida science Sunwon Kim et al, uses indocyanine green as a fluorescent dye to characterize lipid components and foam cells in plaque, adopts NIRF technology to collect and emit fluorescence, and successfully obtains quantitative inflammation information of plaque in blood vessel; the Harvard medical institute Tetsuya Hara et al autonomously constructed a fluorescent dye-FTP 11-Cy7 targeting fibrotic tissue to characterize recovery of endothelial lesions and whether stable; clinical studies were conducted on 244 patients based on the untagged NIRS technique by Kosei Terda et al, university of medical science, japan and singer county, which found that the NIRS technique could effectively distinguish plaque damage, plaque erosion and plaque nodules; also, korean Gao Lida, sunwon Kim et al developed a multispectral FLIM technique in recent two years, and detected the time of lipid, fibrotic tissue and macrophage falling back from the excited state to the ground state with high time resolution by using a spectral measurement of a plurality of bands, thereby quantitatively detecting the contents of the three, and achieving the purpose of researching plaque vulnerability.
Chinese patent application number CN201310261923.8, entitled "endoscope-based multispectral imaging systems and methods", discloses an endoscope-based multispectral imaging system and method. The invention utilizes the multispectral conversion module to realize the function of imaging different spectral bands, and effectively solves the problem that most of endoscope products in the market only can see fluorescent images or visible light images and cannot see multispectral images. However, the invention only focuses on coupling fluorescence imaging with visible light imaging, and does not involve switching of multiple functional imaging modes, so that certain limitations exist in application.
The invention discloses a multiband multimode photoacoustic ophthalmic imaging system, which is based on a multiband photoacoustic imaging technology and realizes multifunctional imaging of fundus choroid and retina. However, the invention adopts the photoacoustic imaging technology, and the photoacoustic technology has time sequence limitation when performing functional imaging, namely, the multifunctional imaging cannot be performed synchronously, and particularly has certain limitation when being used for intravascular rapid functional imaging.
The invention discloses a multi-mode optical imaging system, which simultaneously utilizes optical coherence tomography imaging, laser scanning confocal microscopic imaging and stimulated emission loss microscopic imaging by multiplexing and integrating devices of three different optical imaging systems. However, the system device is complex, the micro-catheter endoscope cannot be realized, fluorescence microscopy imaging is involved, the functional imaging visual field is limited, and the functional change of the region of interest cannot be evaluated in the endoscopic imaging of a large imaging visual field.
These techniques can be studied on quantitative analysis of certain substances by their respective advantages, however, in practical applications, NIRF techniques cannot inject multiple fluorescent dyes, which makes it difficult to detect multiple substance components simultaneously, NIRS techniques are limited to lipid analysis of vulnerable plaques, and FLIM techniques have difficulty in accurately detecting certain components with low content.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, it is necessary to provide a multi-mode broad-spectrum endoscopic imaging device and imaging method integrating NIRF, NIRS, FLIM three functional imaging modes, aiming at the defect that it is difficult to realize switching of different functional modes or to perform imaging of multiple functional modes at the same time.
In order to solve the problems, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
one of the objects of the present application is to provide a multimode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device, comprising: NIRF light source, NIRS light source, FLIM light source, first dichroic mirror, second dichroic mirror, third dichroic mirror, fiber collimator, multimode fiber circulator, catheter rotation retraction unit, imaging catheter, beam expansion collimator, fourth dichroic mirror, fifth dichroic mirror, sixth dichroic mirror, NIRS detector, FLIM detector, NIRF detector, data acquisition unit, and workstation, wherein:
the space light beam emitted by the NIRF light source enters the first dichroic mirror, is reflected by the first dichroic mirror, enters the second dichroic mirror, is transmitted by the second dichroic mirror, enters the third dichroic mirror, is reflected by the third dichroic mirror, and enters the optical fiber collimator, the space light beam emitted by the NIRF light source enters the third dichroic mirror, is reflected by the third dichroic mirror, enters the optical fiber collimator, the space light beam emitted by the FLIM light source enters the optical fiber collimator after being transmitted by the third dichroic mirror, the optical fiber collimator collimates the incident light beam and forms a coupled light beam, the coupled light beam is transmitted by the multimode optical fiber circulator, enters the rotary retraction unit, and the coupled light beam is driven by the rotary retraction unit to be transmitted in the imaging catheter and focused at a tissue;
the signal beam returned by the tissue is returned by a multimode optical fiber in the imaging catheter, and is transmitted to the beam expanding collimator through the multimode optical fiber coupler and dispersed into a space beam, the space beam enters the fourth dichroic mirror, one part of the light beam is transmitted by the fourth dichroic mirror and detected by the FLIM detector, the other part of the light beam enters the fifth dichroic mirror after being reflected by the fourth dichroic mirror, one part of the light beam entering the fifth dichroic mirror is detected by the NIRF detector after being reflected by the fifth dichroic mirror, the other part of the light beam enters the sixth dichroic mirror after being transmitted by the fifth dichroic mirror and is detected by the NIRS detector after being reflected by the sixth dichroic mirror, the FLIM detector, the NIRF detector and the NIRS detector respectively convert the detected light signals into corresponding electric signals, and the data acquisition unit acquires the electric signals and displays and stores the electric signals through the workstation.
In some of these embodiments, the NIRF light source is a narrow band continuous laser, the NIRS light source is a broadband continuous laser, and the FLIM light source is a narrow band pulsed excitation light source.
In some of these embodiments, the NIRF detector may receive an average fluorescence intensity signal over a period of time, the NIRS detector may receive fluorescence signal values in different bands, and the FLIM detector may receive a change in the fluorescence intensity signal over a period of time after the tissue is excited by the pulsed laser.
In some of these embodiments, the imaging catheter comprises: multimode optical fiber, coreless optical fiber, reflection inclined plane and ball focusing lens, wherein:
the coupling light beam is transmitted to the coreless optical fiber through the multimode optical fiber, is transmitted and diverged through the coreless optical fiber, enters the reflecting inclined plane, is reflected to the ball focusing lens through the reflecting inclined plane and is focused on a tissue.
The second object of the present application is to provide an imaging method of the multimode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device, which comprises the following steps:
the space light beam emitted by the NIRF light source enters the first dichroic mirror, is reflected by the first dichroic mirror, enters the second dichroic mirror, is transmitted by the second dichroic mirror, enters the third dichroic mirror, is reflected by the third dichroic mirror, and enters the optical fiber collimator, the space light beam emitted by the NIRF light source enters the third dichroic mirror, is reflected by the third dichroic mirror, enters the optical fiber collimator, the space light beam emitted by the FLIM light source enters the optical fiber collimator after being transmitted by the third dichroic mirror, the optical fiber collimator collimates the incident light beam and forms a coupled light beam, the coupled light beam is transmitted by the multimode optical fiber circulator, enters the rotary retraction unit, and the coupled light beam is driven by the rotary retraction unit to be transmitted in the imaging catheter and focused at a tissue;
the signal beam returned by the tissue is transmitted into the beam expanding collimator by the imaging catheter and is dispersed into a space beam, one part of the space beam enters the fourth dichroic mirror, the space beam transmits the fourth dichroic mirror and is detected by the FLIM detector, the other part of the light beam enters the fifth dichroic mirror after being reflected by the fourth dichroic mirror, one part of the light beam entering the fifth dichroic mirror is detected by the NIRF detector after being reflected by the fifth dichroic mirror, the other part of the light beam enters the sixth dichroic mirror and is detected by the NIRS detector after being transmitted by the fifth dichroic mirror and is reflected by the sixth dichroic mirror, the FLIM detector, the NIRF detector and the NIRS detector respectively convert the detected optical signals into corresponding electric signals, and the data acquisition unit acquires the electric signals and displays and stores the electric signals through the workstation.
By adopting the technical scheme, the application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the multi-mode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device and the imaging method, NIRF, NIRS and FLIM are combined to form the multi-mode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device, and the multi-functional signals are synchronously acquired while the reserved large imaging field of view is reserved, so that more comprehensive basic functional evaluation research and clinical requirements are met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present application or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-mode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a preparation before operation of a multi-mode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an imaging catheter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of imaging in each mode according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
For the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the following will take the multifunctional detection of atherosclerosis in blood vessels as an example, and the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a multimode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a NIRF light source 10, a NIRS light source 11, a FLIM light source 12, a first dichroic mirror 20, a second dichroic mirror 21, a third dichroic mirror 22, a fiber collimator 30, a multimode fiber circulator 40, a catheter rotation retraction unit 50, an imaging catheter 60, a beam expanding collimator 70, a fourth dichroic mirror 80, a fifth dichroic mirror 81, a sixth dichroic mirror 82, a NIRS detector 90, a FLIM detector 91, a NIRF detector 92, a data acquisition unit 100, and a workstation 200. The specific structure and implementation of each component are described in detail below.
In this embodiment, the NIRF light source 10 is a narrow-band continuous laser, the NIRS light source is a wide-band continuous laser, and the FLIM light source is a narrow-band pulse excitation light source. The first dichroic mirror 20, the second dichroic mirror 21, and the third dichroic mirror 22 correspond to the corresponding light source wavelengths, respectively.
Referring to fig. 2, a pre-operation preparation flowchart of the multi-mode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device according to the present embodiment is shown. The multi-modality imaging device is first activated to detect whether the light source is successfully connected. Then starting imaging detection software, detecting whether the signal acquisition of each imaging mode normally operates, if not, checking whether the connection of imaging lines is good, and starting the software again for debugging after checking no error. And after the software runs normally, starting the rotary withdrawal platform to synchronously collect the multi-mode imaging data, and finally storing the multi-mode imaging data into a system for processing.
The imaging method of the multimode wide spectrum endoscopic imaging device provided by the embodiment is as follows:
the spatial light beams emitted by the NIRF light source 10, the NIRS light source 11 and the FLIM light source 12 are respectively coupled into the optical fiber collimator 30 after being transmitted by the first dichroic mirror 20, the second dichroic mirror 21 and the third dichroic mirror 22, the coupled light beams collimated by the optical fiber collimator 30 are transmitted into the rotary withdrawing unit 50 through the multimode optical fiber circulator 40, and the rotary withdrawing unit 50 drives the coupled light beams to be transmitted in the imaging catheter 60 and focused at tissues;
the signal beam returned by the tissue is transmitted to the beam expanding collimator 70 by the imaging catheter 60 and is dispersed into a space beam, the space beam enters the fourth dichroic mirror 80, one part of the space beam transmits the fourth dichroic mirror 80 and is detected by the FLIM detector 91, the other part of the space beam enters the fifth dichroic mirror 81 after being reflected by the fourth dichroic mirror 80, one part of the light beam entering the fifth dichroic mirror 81 is detected by the NIRF detector 92 after being reflected by the fifth dichroic mirror 81, the other part of the light beam enters the sixth dichroic mirror 82 after being transmitted by the fifth dichroic mirror 81 and is detected by the NIRS detector 90 after being reflected by the sixth dichroic mirror 82, the FLIM detector 91, the NIRF detector 92 and the NIRS detector 90 respectively convert the detected light signals into corresponding electric signals, and the data acquisition unit 100 acquires the electric signals and displays and stores the electric signals through the workstation 200.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of an imaging catheter 60 according to the present embodiment includes a multimode fiber 61, a coreless fiber 62, a reflecting inclined plane 63 and a ball focusing lens 64. The coupled light beam can be transmitted to the coreless fiber 62 through the multimode fiber 61, and the coupled light beam enters the reflecting inclined plane 63 after being transmitted and diverged through the coreless fiber 62, then is reflected to the ball focusing lens 64 through the reflecting inclined plane 63 and focused at the tissue 65, and the signal light beam returned through the tissue is returned by the multimode fiber 61 in the imaging catheter 60.
Further, the multimode fiber 61 provided in this embodiment may be replaced by a double-clad fiber, allowing coupling of other structural imaging modalities, such as optical coherence tomography (Optical Coherence Tomography, OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (Intravascular Ultrasound, IVUS) techniques.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic image of each mode is provided in this embodiment. The FLIM detector 91 is a narrow-band pulse laser, and the detector is a high-sensitivity detector, and receives the change of the fluorescence intensity signal within a period of time after the tissue is excited by the pulse laser. NIRF detector 92 is a narrow band continuous laser that receives an average fluorescence intensity signal over a period of time. NIRS detector 90 is a broadband continuous laser that receives fluorescence signal values in different wavebands to image a fluorescence spectral image.
The above embodiments take the multifunctional detection of atherosclerosis in blood vessels as an example, but the device is not represented in that the device can only be used in blood vessels, and each natural cavity tract of a human body such as digestive tract, respiratory tract and the like has corresponding application scenes, and different interested substances can be detected by changing the wavelength of each mode of the system, so that different types of disease processes can be quantified.
According to the multi-mode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device and the imaging method, the NIRF, the NIRS and the FLIM are combined to form the multi-mode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device, and the multi-functional signals are synchronously acquired while the reserved large imaging field of view is reserved, so that more comprehensive basic research and clinical requirements of functional evaluation are met.
It will be understood that the technical features of the above-described embodiments may be combined in any manner, and that all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity, however, they should be considered as being within the scope of the description provided in the present specification, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present application and is not meant to limit the scope of the present application in any way. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application, and other embodiments of the present application, which may occur to those skilled in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty, are intended to be included within the scope of the present application, based on the teachings herein.
Claims (5)
1. A multi-mode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device, comprising: NIRF light source, NIRS light source, FLIM light source, first dichroic mirror, second dichroic mirror, third dichroic mirror, fiber collimator, multimode fiber circulator, catheter rotation retraction unit, imaging catheter, beam expansion collimator, fourth dichroic mirror, fifth dichroic mirror, sixth dichroic mirror, NIRS detector, FLIM detector, NIRF detector, data acquisition unit, and workstation, wherein:
the space light beam emitted by the NIRF light source enters the first dichroic mirror, is reflected by the first dichroic mirror, enters the second dichroic mirror, is transmitted by the second dichroic mirror, enters the third dichroic mirror, is reflected by the third dichroic mirror, and enters the optical fiber collimator, the space light beam emitted by the NIRF light source enters the third dichroic mirror, is reflected by the third dichroic mirror, enters the optical fiber collimator, the space light beam emitted by the FLIM light source enters the optical fiber collimator after being transmitted by the third dichroic mirror, the optical fiber collimator collimates the incident light beam and forms a coupled light beam, the coupled light beam is transmitted by the multimode optical fiber circulator, enters the rotary retraction unit, and the coupled light beam is driven by the rotary retraction unit to be transmitted in the imaging catheter and focused at a tissue;
the signal beam returned by the tissue is transmitted to the beam expanding collimator by the imaging catheter and is dispersed into a space beam, one part of the space beam enters the fourth dichroic mirror, the space beam is transmitted by the fourth dichroic mirror and is detected by the FLIM detector, the other part of the light beam enters the fifth dichroic mirror after being reflected by the fourth dichroic mirror, one part of the light beam entering the fifth dichroic mirror is detected by the NIRF detector after being reflected by the fifth dichroic mirror, the other part of the light beam enters the sixth dichroic mirror and is detected by the NIRS detector after being transmitted by the fifth dichroic mirror, the FLIM detector, the NIRF detector and the NIRS detector respectively convert the detected optical signals into corresponding electric signals, and the data acquisition unit acquires the electric signals and displays and stores the electric signals through the workstation.
2. The multimode, broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device of claim 1, wherein said NIRF light source is a narrowband continuous laser, said NIRS light source is a broadband continuous laser, and said FLIM light source is a narrowband pulsed excitation light source.
3. The multimode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device of claim 1, wherein said NIRF detector is configured to receive an average fluorescence intensity signal over a period of time, said NIRS detector is configured to receive fluorescence signal values in different wavelength bands, and said FLIM detector is configured to receive a change in fluorescence intensity signal over a period of time after the tissue is excited by the pulsed laser.
4. The multimode, broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device of claim 1, wherein said imaging catheter comprises: multimode optical fiber, coreless optical fiber, reflection inclined plane and ball focusing lens, wherein:
the coupling light beam is transmitted to the coreless optical fiber through the multimode optical fiber, is transmitted and diverged through the coreless optical fiber, enters the reflecting inclined plane, is reflected to the ball focusing lens through the reflecting inclined plane and is focused on a tissue.
5. An imaging method of the multimode broad spectrum endoscopic imaging device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the space light beam emitted by the NIRF light source enters the first dichroic mirror, is reflected by the first dichroic mirror, enters the second dichroic mirror, is transmitted by the second dichroic mirror, enters the third dichroic mirror, is reflected by the third dichroic mirror, and enters the optical fiber collimator, the space light beam emitted by the NIRF light source enters the third dichroic mirror, is reflected by the third dichroic mirror, enters the optical fiber collimator, the space light beam emitted by the FLIM light source enters the optical fiber collimator after being transmitted by the third dichroic mirror, the optical fiber collimator collimates the incident light beam and forms a coupled light beam, the coupled light beam is transmitted by the multimode optical fiber circulator, enters the rotary retraction unit, and the coupled light beam is driven by the rotary retraction unit to be transmitted in the imaging catheter and focused at a tissue;
the signal beam returned by the tissue is transmitted to the beam expanding collimator by the imaging catheter and is dispersed into a space beam, one part of the space beam enters the fourth dichroic mirror, the space beam is transmitted by the fourth dichroic mirror and is detected by the FLIM detector, the other part of the light beam enters the fifth dichroic mirror after being reflected by the fourth dichroic mirror, one part of the light beam entering the fifth dichroic mirror is detected by the NIRF detector after being reflected by the fifth dichroic mirror, the other part of the light beam enters the sixth dichroic mirror and is detected by the NIRS detector after being transmitted by the fifth dichroic mirror, the FLIM detector, the NIRF detector and the NIRS detector respectively convert the detected optical signals into corresponding electric signals, and the data acquisition unit acquires the electric signals and displays and stores the electric signals through the workstation.
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