CN117745654A - Method and device for determining volume flow of blood vessel - Google Patents
Method and device for determining volume flow of blood vessel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for determining the volume flow of a blood vessel, comprising the following steps: performing three-dimensional reconstruction and type identification on a target blood vessel according to a plurality of original medical image sequences, determining an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model, a blood vessel type and a sampling length of the target blood vessel, and determining the average length of the blood vessel under the blood vessel type and the first blood flow time required by blood flowing from an inlet of the target blood vessel to an outlet of the target blood vessel; when the sampling length is not equal to the average length of the blood vessel, processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with the length being the average length of the blood vessel, and determining the total blood vessel volume; correcting the first blood flow time by using the average length of the blood vessel to determine a second blood flow time; the volume flow of the target vessel is determined using the second blood flow time and the total vessel volume. In this way, the volume and the blood flow time of the blood vessel are corrected by introducing the average length of the blood vessel, so that the accuracy of the calculation result of the volume flow of the blood vessel is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of volumetric flow determination technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for determining volumetric flow of a blood vessel.
Background
Coronary heart disease is one of the major diseases threatening human health, fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) has become the gold standard for assessing myocardial ischemia, and current methods of obtaining FFR parameters clinically include invasive and non-invasive methods; the invasive measurement mode mainly comprises the steps of respectively measuring the average pressures of the main artery at the position of the far end of the stenosis and the position of the entrance of the coronary artery through a pressure guide wire in a hyperemia state, wherein the ratio of the two average pressures is the value of FFR.
Whereas non-invasive measurement techniques mainly have CT-FFR based on CT data and QFR based on coronary angiography data (Quantitative Flow Ratio, quantitative flow ratio technique). Both of these methods require that the blood flow is determined first, and FFR is calculated based on the determined blood flow, so that the accuracy of the blood flow directly determines the accuracy of the final calculation result. However, in the existing contrast image technology, the average volume flow is determined by the volume of the reconstructed blood vessel and the time obtained by a TIMI frame method, and in the actual application process, due to reasons of insufficient image quality or image precision, the reconstruction length of some cases is very short, and the reconstruction length of the blood vessel of some cases is longer; for the same case, selecting different reconstruction lengths often affects the calculation of the flow, and further affects the calculation stability and accuracy of FFR (fractional flow reserve).
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present application is to provide a method and apparatus for determining a volumetric flow rate of a blood vessel, which corrects the volume of the blood vessel and the blood flow time by introducing the average length of the blood vessel, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation result of the volumetric flow rate of the blood vessel, and further improving the stability and accuracy of the calculation result of the fractional flow reserve.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for determining the volume flow of a blood vessel, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a plurality of original medical image sequences of a target blood vessel comprising a study object;
performing three-dimensional reconstruction and type recognition on the target blood vessel according to a plurality of original medical image sequences, determining an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel and the blood vessel type of the target blood vessel, and determining the sampling length of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model;
determining the average length of the blood vessel under the blood vessel type according to a plurality of sample blood vessel models which belong to the blood vessel type of the target blood vessel in a blood vessel model database;
determining a first blood flow time required for blood to flow from an inlet of the target blood vessel to an outlet of the target blood vessel according to a start frame, an end frame and a frame rate in the original medical image sequence;
Judging whether the sampling length is equal to the average length of the blood vessel;
if not, processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with the length being the average length of the blood vessel, and determining the total blood vessel volume of the target blood vessel according to the target three-dimensional blood vessel model;
correcting the first blood flow time by using the proportionality coefficient determined according to the average length of the blood vessel and the sampling length to determine a second blood flow time;
determining a volumetric flow rate of the target vessel using the second blood flow time and the total vessel volume.
Optionally, the initial three-dimensional vessel model of the target vessel is determined by:
screening out a plurality of target original medical images of the target blood vessels with different angles from the original medical image sequence; wherein the plurality of target original medical images are images under the same blood vessel working state;
respectively identifying and marking the outline of the target blood vessel in each target original medical image;
based on the marked original medical images of the multiple targets, reconstructing an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel by adopting a graphical imaging principle.
Optionally, the determining the average length of the blood vessel under the blood vessel type according to a plurality of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel type belonging to the target blood vessel in the blood vessel model database includes:
extracting a preset number of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel types from the blood vessel model database according to the blood vessel types of the target blood vessel, and determining the length of the sample blood vessel in each sample blood vessel model;
the vessel lengths of all samples were averaged together and the resulting value was the vessel average length.
Optionally, when the sampling length is greater than the average length of the blood vessel, the processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with a length equal to the average length of the blood vessel includes:
and deleting the tail part exceeding the average length of the blood vessel in the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model, wherein the rest part is the target three-dimensional blood vessel model.
Optionally, when the sampling length is smaller than the average length of the blood vessel, the processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with the length being the average length of the blood vessel includes:
determining the taper of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model;
And carrying out model supplementing treatment on the tail part of the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model according to the taper of the target blood vessel, wherein the compensated model length is the average length of the blood vessel, and obtaining the target three-dimensional blood vessel model.
Optionally, the determining the first blood flow time required for blood to flow from the inlet of the target blood vessel to the outlet of the target blood vessel according to the start frame, the end frame and the frame rate in the original medical image sequence includes:
determining at least one target medical image sequence according to the plurality of original medical image sequences;
for each target medical image sequence, determining an interval frame number according to a start frame and an end frame in the target medical image sequence;
determining a third blood flow time corresponding to the target medical image sequence by means of the ratio between the interval frame number of the target medical image sequence and the frame rate of the target medical image sequence;
and carrying out average value calculation according to third blood flow time corresponding to all target medical image sequences, and determining the first blood flow time.
Optionally, after determining the volume flow of the target blood vessel, the determining method further includes:
determining the pressure drop at any position of the target blood vessel according to the volume flow and the pressure drop calculation formula of the target blood vessel;
Determining fractional flow reserve anywhere in the target vessel using the pressure drop anywhere in the target vessel and the pressure at the coronary inlet of the subject.
The embodiment of the application also provides a determining device for the volume flow of the blood vessel, which comprises:
an acquisition module for acquiring a plurality of original medical image sequences of a target vessel including a subject;
the first determining module is used for carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction and type identification on the target blood vessel according to a plurality of original medical image sequences, determining an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel and the blood vessel type of the target blood vessel, and determining the sampling length of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model;
a second determining module, configured to determine an average length of a blood vessel under the blood vessel type according to a plurality of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel type belonging to the target blood vessel in a blood vessel model database;
a third determining module, configured to determine a first blood flow time required for blood to flow from an inlet of the target blood vessel to an outlet of the target blood vessel according to a start frame, an end frame, and a frame rate in the original medical image sequence;
The judging module is used for judging whether the sampling length is equal to the average length of the blood vessel;
the processing module is used for processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model if not, obtaining a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with the length being the average length of the blood vessel, and determining the total blood vessel volume of the target blood vessel according to the target three-dimensional blood vessel model;
the correction module is used for correcting the first blood flow time by using the proportionality coefficient determined according to the average length of the blood vessel and the sampling length to determine a second blood flow time;
a fourth determination module for determining a volumetric flow rate of the target vessel using the second blood flow time and the total vessel volume.
Optionally, the first determining module is further configured to determine an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel by:
screening out a plurality of target original medical images of the target blood vessels with different angles from the original medical image sequence; wherein the plurality of target original medical images are images under the same blood vessel working state;
respectively identifying and marking the outline of the target blood vessel in each target original medical image;
Based on the marked original medical images of the multiple targets, reconstructing an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel by adopting a graphical imaging principle.
Optionally, when the second determining module is configured to determine the average length of the blood vessel under the blood vessel type according to a plurality of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel type belonging to the target blood vessel in the blood vessel model database, the second determining module is configured to:
extracting a preset number of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel types from the blood vessel model database according to the blood vessel types of the target blood vessel, and determining the length of the sample blood vessel in each sample blood vessel model;
the vessel lengths of all samples were averaged together and the resulting value was the vessel average length.
Optionally, when the sampling length is greater than the average length of the blood vessel, the processing module is configured to, when processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with a length equal to the average length of the blood vessel, the processing module is configured to:
and deleting the tail part exceeding the average length of the blood vessel in the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model, wherein the rest part is the target three-dimensional blood vessel model.
Optionally, when the sampling length is smaller than the average length of the blood vessel, the processing module is configured to, when processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with a length equal to the average length of the blood vessel, process the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with a length equal to the average length of the blood vessel:
determining the taper of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model;
and carrying out model supplementing treatment on the tail part of the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model according to the taper of the target blood vessel, wherein the compensated model length is the average length of the blood vessel, and obtaining the target three-dimensional blood vessel model.
Optionally, the third determining module is configured to, when determining a first blood flow time required for blood to flow from the inlet of the target blood vessel to the outlet of the target blood vessel according to a start frame, an end frame and a frame rate in the original medical image sequence:
determining at least one target medical image sequence according to the plurality of original medical image sequences;
for each target medical image sequence, determining an interval frame number according to a start frame and an end frame in the target medical image sequence;
determining a third blood flow time corresponding to the target medical image sequence by means of the ratio between the interval frame number of the target medical image sequence and the frame rate of the target medical image sequence;
And carrying out average value calculation according to third blood flow time corresponding to all target medical image sequences, and determining the first blood flow time.
Optionally, the determining device further includes a fifth determining module, where the fifth determining module is configured to:
after the volume flow of the target blood vessel is determined, determining the pressure drop at any position of the target blood vessel according to the volume flow of the target blood vessel and a pressure drop calculation formula;
determining fractional flow reserve anywhere in the target vessel using the pressure drop anywhere in the target vessel and the pressure at the coronary inlet of the subject.
The embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment, which comprises: a processor, a memory and a bus, the memory storing machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, the processor and the memory in communication over the bus when the electronic device is running, the machine-readable instructions when executed by the processor performing the steps of the method of determining as described above.
The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the determination method as described above.
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining the volume flow of a blood vessel, wherein the method for determining the volume flow of the blood vessel comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of original medical image sequences of a target blood vessel comprising a study object; performing three-dimensional reconstruction and type recognition on the target blood vessel according to a plurality of original medical image sequences, determining an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel and the blood vessel type of the target blood vessel, and determining the sampling length of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model; determining the average length of the blood vessel under the blood vessel type according to a plurality of sample blood vessel models which belong to the blood vessel type of the target blood vessel in a blood vessel model database; determining a first blood flow time required for blood to flow from an inlet of the target blood vessel to an outlet of the target blood vessel according to a start frame, an end frame and a frame rate in the original medical image sequence; judging whether the sampling length is equal to the average length of the blood vessel; if not, processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with the length being the average length of the blood vessel, and determining the total blood vessel volume of the target blood vessel according to the target three-dimensional blood vessel model; correcting the first blood flow time by using the proportionality coefficient determined according to the average length of the blood vessel and the sampling length to determine a second blood flow time; determining a volumetric flow rate of the target vessel using the second blood flow time and the total vessel volume.
In this way, the method overcomes the defects of a single blood vessel volume flow calculation method by introducing the average length of the blood vessel, and corrects the blood vessel model and the blood flow time by the average length of the blood vessel, so that the accuracy of the blood vessel volume flow calculation result is improved, and the stability and the accuracy of the blood flow reserve fraction calculation result are further improved.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining volumetric flow of a blood vessel according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a vessel contour labeling provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a three-dimensional vascular model provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a device for determining a volumetric flow rate of a pipe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic structural view of a device for determining a volumetric flow rate of a pipe according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, every other embodiment that a person skilled in the art would obtain without making any inventive effort is within the scope of protection of the present application.
Coronary heart disease is one of the major diseases threatening human health, fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) has become the gold standard for assessing myocardial ischemia, and current methods of obtaining FFR parameters clinically include invasive and non-invasive methods; the invasive measurement mode mainly comprises the steps of respectively measuring the average pressures of the main artery at the position of the far end of the stenosis and the position of the entrance of the coronary artery through a pressure guide wire in a hyperemia state, wherein the ratio of the two average pressures is the value of FFR.
Whereas non-invasive measurement techniques mainly have CT-FFR based on CT data and QFR based on coronary angiography data (Quantitative Flow Ratio, quantitative flow ratio technique). Both of these methods require that the blood flow is determined first, and FFR is calculated based on the determined blood flow, so that the accuracy of the blood flow directly determines the accuracy of the final calculation result. However, in the existing contrast image technology, the average volume flow is determined by the volume of the reconstructed blood vessel and the time obtained by a TIMI frame method, and in the actual application process, due to reasons of insufficient image quality or image precision, the reconstruction length of some cases is very short, and the reconstruction length of the blood vessel of some cases is longer; for the same case, selecting different reconstruction lengths often affects the calculation of the flow, and further affects the calculation stability and accuracy of FFR (fractional flow reserve).
Based on the above, the embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining the volume flow of a blood vessel, so as to improve the accuracy of the calculation result of the volume flow of the blood vessel and the stability and the accuracy of the calculation result of the fractional flow reserve.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining a volumetric flow rate of a blood vessel according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, a determining method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:
s101, acquiring a plurality of original medical image sequences of a target blood vessel of a study object.
Here, the target blood vessel may be a blood vessel in which a lesion exists, or may be a blood vessel in which a focus is determined in advance. The target vessel may be a main vessel, such as a coronary artery, or a branch vessel, such as a left anterior descending branch (LAD), a left circumflex branch (LCX), or a Right Coronary Artery (RCA).
Each original medical image sequence comprises a plurality of original medical images comprising the target blood vessel, and the number of images in different original medical image sequences can be the same or different.
The absolute value of the contrast angle difference between any two original medical image sequences needs to be larger than a preset angle threshold.
For example, assume that two original medical image sequences are acquired, the contrast angles of the two original medical image sequences being (α 1 ，β 1 ) And (alpha) 1 ，β 2 ) The preset angle threshold is 25 degrees, and then the two original medical image sequences need to meet the requirement of |alpha 1 -α 2 I 25 ° or% 1 -β 2 |≥25°
S102, performing three-dimensional reconstruction and type identification on the target blood vessel according to a plurality of original medical image sequences, determining an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel and the blood vessel type of the target blood vessel, and determining the sampling length of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model.
Here, the vessel type may be a coronary artery, a left anterior descending branch (LAD), a left circumflex branch (LCX), a Right Coronary Artery (RCA), or the like.
The sampling length is the length of the target blood vessel determined in the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model.
In one embodiment provided herein, an initial three-dimensional vessel model of the target vessel is determined by:
s1021, screening out a plurality of target original medical images of the target blood vessels with different angles from the original medical image sequence.
S1022, respectively identifying and marking the outline of the target blood vessel in each target original medical image.
S1023, reconstructing an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel by adopting a graphic imaging principle based on the marked original medical images of the multiple targets.
In step S1021, the plurality of target original medical images are images under the same working state of blood vessels. The vascular operating state includes a relaxed state, a contracted state, etc.
The selection principle of the original medical images of the multiple targets is as follows: the plurality of target raw medical images includes the target vessel at all angles.
For step S1022, the contours of the target blood vessels in each target original medical image may be respectively identified and labeled by a pre-trained contour labeling model; the contours of the target blood vessels in each target original medical image can be identified and marked by a professional.
For example, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of a vessel profile labeling provided in the present application. As shown in fig. 2, two target original medical images are selected, wherein the upper graph is a schematic drawing of vessel contour labeling at the upper left position, and the lower graph is a schematic drawing of vessel contour labeling at the lower left position.
Referring to step S1023, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional blood vessel model provided in the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the three-dimensional vascular model shown in fig. 3 is determined from the annotated target raw medical image shown in fig. 2.
S103, determining the average length of the blood vessel under the blood vessel type according to a plurality of sample blood vessel models which belong to the blood vessel type of the target blood vessel in a blood vessel model database.
Here, the construction process of the sample vessel model is similar to the construction process of step S102, and will not be described herein.
In one embodiment provided in the present application, the determining the average length of the blood vessel under the blood vessel type according to a plurality of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel type belonging to the target blood vessel in the blood vessel model database includes:
s1031, extracting a preset number of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel types from the blood vessel model database according to the blood vessel types of the target blood vessel, and determining the length of the sample blood vessel in each sample blood vessel model.
S1032, carrying out addition averaging by using all the sample blood vessel lengths, wherein the obtained value is the average length of the blood vessels.
For step S1031, the vessel model database includes sample vessel models of a plurality of vessel types. The sample vessel model is constructed from a sequence of medical images of a plurality of sample users.
For example, assuming a left anterior descending branch of the vessel type of the target vessel, a preset number of 100, 100 sample vessel models of the left anterior descending branch are extracted from the vessel model database.
When a preset number of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel types are extracted from the blood vessel model database, the blood vessel models can be selectively obtained according to basic information of the research object besides being extracted according to the blood vessel type of the target blood vessel.
S104, determining a first blood flow time required by blood flowing from the inlet of the target blood vessel to the outlet of the target blood vessel according to a start frame, an end frame and a frame rate in the original medical image sequence.
Here, the original medical image sequence may be a contrast medical image, the start frame is an image of a contrast agent flowing to the entrance of the target blood vessel, and the end frame is an image of a contrast agent flowing to the exit of the target blood vessel.
In one embodiment, the determining the first blood flow time required for blood to flow from the inlet of the target blood vessel to the outlet of the target blood vessel according to the start frame, the end frame, and the frame rate in the original medical image sequence includes:
s1041, determining at least one target medical image sequence according to the plurality of original medical image sequences.
S1042, for each target medical image sequence, determining the interval frame number according to the initial frame and the end frame in the target medical image sequence.
S1043, determining a third blood flow time corresponding to the target medical image sequence by comparing the ratio of the interval frame number of the target medical image sequence to the frame rate of the target medical image sequence.
S1044, performing mean value calculation according to third blood flow time corresponding to all target medical image sequences, and determining the first blood flow time.
For step S1042, an interval frame number is determined according to the start frame and the end frame in the target medical image sequence, and the interval frame number is determined for subtracting the start frame from the end frame.
For step S1043, the frame rate is a contrast frame rate, and typically 15 frames/S or 30 frames/S may be selected.
S105, judging whether the sampling length is equal to the average length of the blood vessel.
S106, if not, processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with the length being the average length of the blood vessel, and determining the total blood vessel volume of the target blood vessel according to the target three-dimensional blood vessel model.
In one embodiment provided in the present application, when the sampling length is greater than the average length of the blood vessel, the processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with a length equal to the average length of the blood vessel includes: and deleting the tail part exceeding the average length of the blood vessel in the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model, wherein the rest part is the target three-dimensional blood vessel model.
In addition, the vessel model can be divided into a plurality of sections in advance, the pipe diameter of each section is regarded as the same, and the pipe diameter, the length and the volume of each section are Di, li and Vi respectively. When the sampling length L is greater than the average length L of the blood vessel mean Then the previous N segments are intercepted for volume calculation, and the requirement is satisfiedAnd->At this time the total vessel volume is
In another embodiment provided in the present application, when the sampling length is smaller than the average length of the blood vessel, the processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with a length equal to the average length of the blood vessel includes: determining the taper of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model; and carrying out model supplementing treatment on the tail part of the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model according to the taper of the target blood vessel, wherein the compensated model length is the average length of the blood vessel, and obtaining the target three-dimensional blood vessel model.
Here, the taper of the target vessel may be determined by a linear fitting process.
And performing model supplementing treatment on the tail part of the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model according to the taper of the target blood vessel, wherein the model supplementing treatment comprises the following steps: recording the taper gamma of the target blood vessel, recording the diameter Dn of the final section of the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model, and the volume of the supplementary section as Round table V with bottom surface diameter of gamma and Dn and top surface diameter of Dn virtual Total vessel volume is
And S107, correcting the first blood flow time by using the proportionality coefficient determined according to the average length of the blood vessel and the sampling length, and determining the second blood flow time.
Here, the scaling factor determined according to the average length of the blood vessel and the sampling length is: the average length of the blood vessel is used to compare with the sampling length.
The first blood flow time can be corrected in the proportionality coefficient and the first blood flow time band time correction formula, and the second blood flow time is determined.
The time correction formula is T 2 ＝T 1 * A, wherein T 1 For the first blood flow time, T 2 For the second blood flow time, a is the scaling factor, a=l mean L is the sampling length, L mean Is the average length of the blood vessel.
S108, determining the volume flow of the target blood vessel by using the second blood flow time and the total blood vessel volume.
Here, the volume flow of the target blood vessel may be determined using the second blood flow time and the total blood vessel volume according to the abnormal-speed growth law.
The volume flow calculation formula can be determined according to the abnormal speed growth law, and the volume flow calculation formula is as follows: q=αv β /T 2 Wherein Q is volume flow, V is total vessel volume, T 2 For the second blood flow time, α is the first empirical factor, β is the second empirical factor, and α and β are predetermined. For example, the first empirical factor α may be 1 to 1.5 and the second empirical factor β may be 0.75.
In another embodiment provided herein, when the sampling length is equal to the average length of the blood vessels, determining the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model as a target three-dimensional blood vessel model, and determining a total blood vessel volume of the target blood vessel from the target three-dimensional blood vessel model; determining the first blood flow time as a second blood flow time, and determining the volume flow of the target blood vessel by using the second blood flow time and the total blood vessel volume.
Here, the manner of determining the total vessel volume and the volume flow is the same as that of step S106 and step S108, and will not be described in detail here.
In another embodiment provided herein, after determining the volumetric flow rate of the target blood vessel, the determining method further includes: determining the pressure drop at any position of the target blood vessel according to the volume flow and the pressure drop calculation formula of the target blood vessel; determining fractional flow reserve anywhere in the target vessel using the pressure drop anywhere in the target vessel and the pressure at the coronary inlet of the subject.
Here, the pressure drop calculation formula is: Δp=c 1 *Q+C 2 *Q 2 Wherein C 1 Is the viscosity resistance coefficient, C 2 Is the inertial resistance coefficient.K 1 Mu is the blood viscosity coefficient, ρ is the blood density, d is the coefficient related to the vessel diameter 0 Is the vessel diameter, A 0 Is the area of blood vessel A s Is the area of the stenosis, k e The value range is 0.8-1.4.
In this way, the pressure drop from the inlet to the outlet of the target vessel at any position can be calculated.
Here, when determining the fractional flow reserve in the target vessel using the pressure drop at any location of the target vessel and the pressure at the coronary inlet of the subject, the pressure drop at any location of the target vessel and the pressure at the coronary inlet of the subject may be input into a fractional flow reserve calculation formula to determine the fractional flow reserve in any location of the target vessel.
Wherein, the fractional flow reserve calculation formula is:P a for the pressure at the coronary inlet of the subject, Δp is the pressure drop anywhere in the target vessel.
Exemplary, P a Can be obtained by measuring pressure guide wire, i.e. the guide wire with pressure sensor is inserted into coronary artery inlet to obtain blood pressure waveform of the position, taking average value in a cardiac cycle as P a The time-saving can be calculated by using the average central cardiac pulse pressure of 93 mmHg.
In this way, the method overcomes the defects of a single blood vessel volume flow calculation method by introducing the average length of the blood vessel, and corrects the blood vessel model and the blood flow time by the average length of the blood vessel, so that the accuracy of the blood vessel volume flow calculation result is improved, and the stability and the accuracy of the blood flow reserve fraction calculation result are further improved.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining a volumetric flow rate of a pipe according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining a volumetric flow rate of a pipe according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the determining apparatus 400 includes:
an acquisition module 410 for acquiring a plurality of raw medical image sequences including a target vessel of a subject;
a first determining module 420, configured to perform three-dimensional reconstruction and type recognition on the target blood vessel according to a plurality of original medical image sequences, determine an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel and a blood vessel type of the target blood vessel, and determine a sampling length of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model;
A second determining module 430, configured to determine an average length of a blood vessel under the blood vessel type according to a plurality of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel type belonging to the target blood vessel in the blood vessel model database;
a third determining module 440, configured to determine a first blood flow time required for blood to flow from the inlet of the target blood vessel to the outlet of the target blood vessel according to the start frame, the end frame, and the frame rate in the original medical image sequence;
a determining module 450, configured to determine whether the sampling length is equal to the average length of the blood vessel;
a processing module 460, configured to, if not, process the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with a length equal to the average length of the blood vessel, and determine a total blood vessel volume of the target blood vessel according to the target three-dimensional blood vessel model;
a correction module 470, configured to correct the first blood flow time by using the scaling factor determined according to the average length of the blood vessel and the sampling length, and determine a second blood flow time;
a fourth determination module 480 for determining a volumetric flow rate of the target vessel using the second blood flow time and the total vessel volume.
Optionally, the first determining module 420 is further configured to determine an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel by:
screening out a plurality of target original medical images of the target blood vessels with different angles from the original medical image sequence; wherein the plurality of target original medical images are images under the same blood vessel working state;
respectively identifying and marking the outline of the target blood vessel in each target original medical image;
based on the marked original medical images of the multiple targets, reconstructing an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel by adopting a graphical imaging principle.
Optionally, when the second determining module 420 is configured to determine the average length of the blood vessel under the blood vessel type according to a plurality of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel type belonging to the target blood vessel in the blood vessel model database, the second determining module 420 is configured to:
extracting a preset number of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel types from the blood vessel model database according to the blood vessel types of the target blood vessel, and determining the length of the sample blood vessel in each sample blood vessel model;
the vessel lengths of all samples were averaged together and the resulting value was the vessel average length.
Optionally, when the sampling length is greater than the average length of the blood vessel, the processing module 460 is configured to process the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with a length equal to the average length of the blood vessel, where the processing module 460 is configured to:
and deleting the tail part exceeding the average length of the blood vessel in the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model, wherein the rest part is the target three-dimensional blood vessel model.
Optionally, when the sampling length is smaller than the average length of the blood vessel, the processing module 460 is configured to process the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with a length equal to the average length of the blood vessel, where the processing module 460 is configured to:
determining the taper of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model;
and carrying out model supplementing treatment on the tail part of the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model according to the taper of the target blood vessel, wherein the compensated model length is the average length of the blood vessel, and obtaining the target three-dimensional blood vessel model.
Optionally, when the third determining module 440 is configured to determine a first blood flow time required for blood to flow from the inlet of the target blood vessel to the outlet of the target blood vessel according to the start frame, the end frame, and the frame rate in the original medical image sequence, the third determining module 440 is configured to:
Determining at least one target medical image sequence according to the plurality of original medical image sequences;
for each target medical image sequence, determining an interval frame number according to a start frame and an end frame in the target medical image sequence;
determining a third blood flow time corresponding to the target medical image sequence by means of the ratio between the interval frame number of the target medical image sequence and the frame rate of the target medical image sequence;
and carrying out average value calculation according to third blood flow time corresponding to all target medical image sequences, and determining the first blood flow time.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 5, the determining apparatus 400 further includes a fifth determining module 490, where the fifth determining module 490 is configured to:
after the volume flow of the target blood vessel is determined, determining the pressure drop at any position of the target blood vessel according to the volume flow of the target blood vessel and a pressure drop calculation formula;
determining fractional flow reserve anywhere in the target vessel using the pressure drop anywhere in the target vessel and the pressure at the coronary inlet of the subject.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the electronic device 600 includes a processor 610, a memory 620, and a bus 630.
The memory 620 stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor 610, when the electronic device 600 is running, the processor 610 communicates with the memory 620 through the bus 630, and when the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor 610, the steps in the method embodiment shown in fig. 1 can be executed, and the specific implementation is referred to in the method embodiment and will not be described herein.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the method embodiment shown in fig. 1 may be executed, and a specific implementation manner may refer to the method embodiment and will not be described herein.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be other manners of division in actual implementation, and for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some communication interface, device or unit indirect coupling or communication connection, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium executable by a processor. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing examples are merely specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that while the foregoing examples are described in detail, the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features within the technical scope of the disclosure of the present application; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of determining a volumetric flow rate of a blood vessel, the method comprising:
acquiring a plurality of original medical image sequences of a target blood vessel comprising a study object;
performing three-dimensional reconstruction and type recognition on the target blood vessel according to a plurality of original medical image sequences, determining an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel and the blood vessel type of the target blood vessel, and determining the sampling length of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model;
Determining the average length of the blood vessel under the blood vessel type according to a plurality of sample blood vessel models which belong to the blood vessel type of the target blood vessel in a blood vessel model database;
determining a first blood flow time required for blood to flow from an inlet of the target blood vessel to an outlet of the target blood vessel according to a start frame, an end frame and a frame rate in the original medical image sequence;
judging whether the sampling length is equal to the average length of the blood vessel;
if not, processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with the length being the average length of the blood vessel, and determining the total blood vessel volume of the target blood vessel according to the target three-dimensional blood vessel model;
correcting the first blood flow time by using the proportionality coefficient determined according to the average length of the blood vessel and the sampling length to determine a second blood flow time;
determining a volumetric flow rate of the target vessel using the second blood flow time and the total vessel volume.
2. The method of determining of claim 1, wherein the initial three-dimensional vessel model of the target vessel is determined by:
screening out a plurality of target original medical images of the target blood vessels with different angles from the original medical image sequence; wherein the plurality of target original medical images are images under the same blood vessel working state;
Respectively identifying and marking the outline of the target blood vessel in each target original medical image;
based on the marked original medical images of the multiple targets, reconstructing an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel by adopting a graphical imaging principle.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein determining the average length of the blood vessel under the blood vessel type based on a plurality of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel type belonging to the target blood vessel in the blood vessel model database comprises:
extracting a preset number of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel types from the blood vessel model database according to the blood vessel types of the target blood vessel, and determining the length of the sample blood vessel in each sample blood vessel model;
the vessel lengths of all samples were averaged together and the resulting value was the vessel average length.
4. The method of determining according to claim 1, wherein when the sampling length is greater than the average length of the blood vessel, the processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model having a length equal to the average length of the blood vessel comprises:
and deleting the tail part exceeding the average length of the blood vessel in the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model, wherein the rest part is the target three-dimensional blood vessel model.
5. The method of determining according to claim 1, wherein when the sampling length is smaller than the average length of the blood vessel, the processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model to obtain a target three-dimensional blood vessel model having a length equal to the average length of the blood vessel includes:
determining the taper of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model;
and carrying out model supplementing treatment on the tail part of the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model according to the taper of the target blood vessel, wherein the compensated model length is the average length of the blood vessel, and obtaining the target three-dimensional blood vessel model.
6. The method of determining according to claim 1, wherein determining a first blood flow time required for blood to flow from the inlet of the target vessel to the outlet of the target vessel based on a start frame, an end frame, and a frame rate in the original medical image sequence comprises:
determining at least one target medical image sequence according to the plurality of original medical image sequences;
for each target medical image sequence, determining an interval frame number according to a start frame and an end frame in the target medical image sequence;
determining a third blood flow time corresponding to the target medical image sequence by means of the ratio between the interval frame number of the target medical image sequence and the frame rate of the target medical image sequence;
And carrying out average value calculation according to third blood flow time corresponding to all target medical image sequences, and determining the first blood flow time.
7. The method of determining according to claim 1, wherein after determining the volumetric flow rate of the target vessel, the method further comprises:
determining the pressure drop at any position of the target blood vessel according to the volume flow and the pressure drop calculation formula of the target blood vessel;
determining fractional flow reserve anywhere in the target vessel using the pressure drop anywhere in the target vessel and the pressure at the coronary inlet of the subject.
8. A device for determining the volumetric flow of a blood vessel, the device comprising:
an acquisition module for acquiring a plurality of original medical image sequences of a target vessel including a subject;
the first determining module is used for carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction and type identification on the target blood vessel according to a plurality of original medical image sequences, determining an initial three-dimensional blood vessel model of the target blood vessel and the blood vessel type of the target blood vessel, and determining the sampling length of the target blood vessel according to the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model;
A second determining module, configured to determine an average length of a blood vessel under the blood vessel type according to a plurality of sample blood vessel models of the blood vessel type belonging to the target blood vessel in a blood vessel model database;
a third determining module, configured to determine a first blood flow time required for blood to flow from an inlet of the target blood vessel to an outlet of the target blood vessel according to a start frame, an end frame, and a frame rate in the original medical image sequence;
the judging module is used for judging whether the sampling length is equal to the average length of the blood vessel;
the processing module is used for processing the initial three-dimensional blood vessel model if not, obtaining a target three-dimensional blood vessel model with the length being the average length of the blood vessel, and determining the total blood vessel volume of the target blood vessel according to the target three-dimensional blood vessel model;
the correction module is used for correcting the first blood flow time by using the proportionality coefficient determined according to the average length of the blood vessel and the sampling length to determine a second blood flow time;
a fourth determination module for determining a volumetric flow rate of the target vessel using the second blood flow time and the total vessel volume.
9. An electronic device, comprising: a processor, a memory and a bus, said memory storing machine readable instructions executable by said processor, said processor and said memory communicating via said bus when the electronic device is running, said machine readable instructions when executed by said processor performing the steps of the determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the determination method according to any of claims 1 to 7.
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