CN117741784A - Ground-air cooperative electromagnetic exploration system and method with air magnetic reference channel - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of geophysical exploration, and provides a ground-air cooperative electromagnetic exploration system and method with an air magnetic reference channel. Compared with the method for directly measuring the magnetic field on the ground, the method has higher efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and particularly relates to a ground-air collaborative electromagnetic exploration system and method with an air magnetic reference channel.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The Controlled Source Electromagnetic (CSEM) method uses an artificial source to improve signal strength and exploration efficiency, and has been widely used in the fields of oil gas, mineral products, geothermal, hydrologic, engineering geology, and the like in recent years. According to the explained field, the CSEM method is largely classified into a frequency domain electromagnetic method and a time domain electromagnetic method. Based on the magnetotelluric method, a controllable source audio magnetotelluric method (CSAMT) is proposed. A common scalar CSAMT requires that an orthogonal set of electric field horizontal components (Ex for example) and magnetic field horizontal components (Hy for example) be measured in the far field, and their ratios calculated to obtain the carnian apparent resistivity. However, in actual operation, the measurement cost of the magnetic field is large, and the magnetic field is more stable over a large range relative to the electric field. Therefore, an observation mode in which 6 Ex in each array share 1 Hy, such as GDP32, V8, etc., is generally employed. According to the method, 6 Ex of adjacent measuring points and a single Hy of a near-center measuring point are measured at one time, and the Carniya apparent resistivity of a plurality of measuring points is obtained, so that the economical efficiency and the working efficiency are greatly improved. However, sharing Hy necessarily introduces a large deviation to the calculated karya apparent resistivity, and one Hy data of poor data quality may destroy the exploration results of 6 measurement points. In summary, in order to meet the precision requirement, in actual work, the measurement should be performed in a single-electric single-magnetic mode as much as possible. How to meet the precision requirement of single-electric electromagnetism and the actual requirement of efficient exploration has important significance for the development of a controllable source electromagnetic exploration system and method.
CN104597506a discloses a frequency domain earth-air electromagnetic prospecting method, which adopts a working mode of ground emission and aerial receiving electromagnetic wave signals, extracts the frequency spectrum of the signals and inverts and interprets the underground electrical structure by a full area apparent resistivity method. The method is suitable for detecting the region with severe surface conditions, and has the characteristics of wide detection range, high detection efficiency and the like. But only the single component of the magnetic field received in the air has a field source effect and cannot meet the requirements of electric field interpretation.
CN114910968A discloses a method for detecting and imaging the scattering degree of an electromagnetic tilt in the ground and air in an orthogonal source frequency domain, which adopts a ground orthogonal field source to emit alternating current and collect magnetic field signals with different frequencies, and is suitable for rapidly surveying three-dimensional abnormal targets in areas with complex surface environments and difficult personnel to enter, but the method only receives the magnetic field signals in the air, lacks an electric field and cannot meet the requirement of electric field interpretation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a ground-air cooperative electromagnetic exploration system and method with an air magnetic reference channel.
According to some embodiments, the present invention employs the following technical solutions:
a ground-air cooperative electromagnetic exploration method with an air magnetic reference channel comprises the following steps:
acquiring the observed electric field components of each measuring point in a measuring line arranged on the ground;
acquiring an air observation magnetic field component of a measuring line, and superposing and calculating the magnetic field value of the ground measuring point corresponding to the air position according to the ground measuring point position and the space;
transforming the magnetic field data from a time space domain to a frequency wave number domain, and deducing the transformation relation between the magnetic field in the air plane and the magnetic field in the ground plane at any moment;
according to the transformation relation, calculating a ground magnetic field value of a time space domain;
and calculating the Canida apparent resistivity according to the orthogonal ground electric field value and the ground magnetic field value to obtain the underground medium information.
As an alternative implementation manner, the measuring points on the measuring line are arranged at intervals, and the electric field component is observed at each measuring point in sequence.
Further, the interval distance between the measuring points is the same.
As an alternative implementation mode, the aerial magnetic field component is measured along the measuring line, and the observed data of the corresponding distances on two sides of the corresponding position of the ground measuring point are taken to be overlapped, so that the aerial magnetic field value of the point is obtained.
As an alternative embodiment, a two-dimensional fourier transform is used to effect the transformation of the magnetic field values from the time-space domain to the frequency-wave number domain.
Alternatively, the transformation relationship between the air-plane magnetic field and the ground-plane magnetic field at any time is derived from the vector Laplace equation.
As an alternative embodiment, the transformation relationship between the air-plane magnetic field and the ground-plane magnetic field at any time is:
；
where z=h is the air height, z=0 is the ground,and->Frequency wave number domain variables along x, y axis, respectively, +.>For the magnetic field component->An expression form in the spatial wavenumber domain; />，/>Is natural base>Is a differential operator.
In an alternative embodiment, the specific process of calculating the carnia apparent resistivity according to the orthogonal ground electric field value and the ground magnetic field value is as follows:
，
wherein,for the Carnitia apparent resistivity, +.>For angular frequency +.>For permeability of medium, ">For the electric field value +.>Is->Corresponding orthogonal magnetic field values.
A cooperative earth-air electromagnetic surveying system including an air magnetic reference track, comprising:
the ground detection system is used for acquiring the observed electric field components of each measuring point in the ground-arranged measuring line;
the aerial detection system is used for acquiring aerial observation magnetic field components of the survey line;
the processor is used for superposing and calculating the magnetic field value of the ground measuring point corresponding to the air position according to the ground measuring point position and the distance;
transforming the magnetic field data from a time space domain to a frequency wave number domain, and deducing the transformation relation between the magnetic field in the air plane and the magnetic field in the ground plane at any moment;
according to the transformation relation, calculating a ground magnetic field value of a time space domain;
and calculating the Canida apparent resistivity according to the orthogonal ground electric field value and the ground magnetic field value to obtain the underground medium information.
As an alternative embodiment, the aerial detection system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a suspension device, a coil and a receiver, wherein the receiver is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the suspension device is arranged at the lower end of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the coil is borne on the suspension device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the earth-air collaborative electromagnetic exploration method and the method provided by the invention give consideration to the precision requirement of single electricity and single magnetism and the actual requirement of efficient exploration.
The invention adopts the mode of the downward extension of the air measurement magnetic field to obtain the ground magnetic field, and compared with the method for directly measuring the magnetic field on the ground, the efficiency of the air measurement magnetic field is higher.
According to the invention, the single-electric single-magnetic mode is adopted to calculate the Carniya apparent resistivity, compared with a ground CSAMT method, one electric field corresponds to one magnetic field, rather than a plurality of electric fields share one magnetic field, and the precision is higher; compared with a ground-to-air frequency electromagnetic method, the electric field data are obtained, no field source effect exists, and the precision is higher.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a ground-air collaborative electromagnetic survey system;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of collaborative electromagnetic prospecting in space and earth;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for extending the magnetic field downward in the air.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
Example 1
A ground-air cooperative electromagnetic exploration method with an air magnetic field reference channel comprises the following steps:
1. the test line is composed of a plurality of test points with fixed spacing, and the electric field component is observed at the ground test point.
As shown in fig. 1, a long wire electrical source is employed. The measuring area is arranged in a far area of an electrical source, a measuring line is designed, the distance between the measuring points is assumed to be 20m, and the electric field is observed at the ground (assumed to be z=0) measuring points in sequenceA component.
2. Observing magnetic field components in the air along the measuring line, and superposing and calculating the magnetic field value of the ground measuring point corresponding to the air position according to the ground measuring point position and the distance.
As shown in fig. 1, an aerial (assuming z=h) magnetic field is measured by an unmanned aerial vehicle along a survey lineComponent (and->Component quadrature), assuming that the flying speed is 5m/s, as the ground point distance is 20m, taking the observation data of 10m (4 s) on both sides of the corresponding position of the ground measuring point to be overlapped, and obtaining the air magnetic field +.>Is a value of (2).
3. The observed magnetic field values are time sequences, the two-dimensional Fourier transform is firstly adopted to realize the transformation of the magnetic field values from a time space domain to a frequency wave number domain, and then the transformation relation between the magnetic field in the plane z=h in the air and the magnetic field in the plane z=0 in the ground is deduced according to the vector Laplacian equation at any moment, so that the magnetic field values of the ground are obtained.
As shown in fig. 2, the headFirst for the air magnetic fieldThe two-dimensional Fourier transform realizes the transformation of magnetic field values from the time space domain to the frequency wave number domain as follows:
(1)
(2)
wherein,and->Frequency wave number domain variables along x, y axis, respectively, +.>For the magnetic field componentAn expression form in the spatial wavenumber domain; />，/>Is natural base>Is a differential operator.
Assuming that the magnetic field does not change with time, when any moment can be obtained according to the vector Laplace equation, in the space wave number domain, the aerial z=h planeIn-plane with the ground magnetic field z=0 +.>Is used for the transformation relation of (a),
(3)
where z=h is the air height and z=0 is the ground.
Further, the terrestrial magnetic field of the time-space domain can be obtained using equations 1, 2 and 3Is used as a reference to the value of (a),
(4)
4. according to the orthogonal ground electric field value of each measuring pointAnd the value of the ground magnetic field>And calculating the Carnitia apparent resistivity, and realizing a single-electromagnetic single-magnetic measurement mode, thereby obtaining the underground medium information with the transverse resolution of 20 m.
(5)
Wherein,for the Carnitia apparent resistivity, +.>For angular frequency +.>For permeability of medium, ">For the electric field value +.>Is->Corresponding orthogonal magnetic field values.
Example two
A cooperative earth-air electromagnetic surveying system including an air magnetic reference track, comprising:
the ground detection system is used for acquiring the observed electric field components of each measuring point in the ground-arranged measuring line;
the aerial detection system is used for acquiring aerial observation magnetic field components of the survey line;
the processor is used for superposing and calculating the magnetic field value of the ground measuring point corresponding to the air position according to the ground measuring point position and the distance;
transforming the magnetic field data from a time space domain to a frequency wave number domain, and deducing the transformation relation between the magnetic field in the air plane and the magnetic field in the ground plane at any moment;
according to the transformation relation, calculating a ground magnetic field value of a time space domain;
and calculating the Canida apparent resistivity according to the orthogonal ground electric field value and the ground magnetic field value to obtain the underground medium information.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may employ one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, memory,CD-ROMOptical storage, etc.).
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which do not require the inventive effort by those skilled in the art, are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A ground-air cooperative electromagnetic exploration method with an air magnetic reference channel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the observed electric field components of each measuring point in a measuring line arranged on the ground;
acquiring an air observation magnetic field component of a measuring line, and superposing and calculating the magnetic field value of the ground measuring point corresponding to the air position according to the ground measuring point position and the space;
transforming the magnetic field data from a time space domain to a frequency wave number domain, and deducing the transformation relation between the magnetic field in the air plane and the magnetic field in the ground plane at any moment;
according to the transformation relation, calculating a ground magnetic field value of a time space domain;
and calculating the Canida apparent resistivity according to the orthogonal ground electric field value and the ground magnetic field value to obtain the underground medium information.
2. The method for collaborative electromagnetic exploration of the ground and air including an air magnetic reference path according to claim 1, wherein the measuring points on the measuring line are arranged at intervals, and electric field components are observed at each measuring point in sequence.
3. A method of collaborative electromagnetic surveying with airborne magnetic reference tracks as set forth in claim 2 wherein the stations are equally spaced.
4. The method for collaborative electromagnetic prospecting in the ground and air including an air magnetic reference track according to claim 1, wherein the air magnetic field component is measured along the measuring line, and the observed data of the corresponding distance on both sides of the corresponding position of the ground measuring point is taken and superimposed to obtain the air magnetic field value of the point.
5. A method of collaborative electromagnetic surveying with airborne magnetic reference tracks as set forth in claim 1 wherein the transformation of magnetic field values from the time-space domain to the frequency-wave number domain is accomplished using a two-dimensional fourier transform.
6. The method for collaborative electromagnetic exploration of the ground and air including an air magnetic reference path according to claim 1, wherein the transformation relationship between the air in-plane magnetic field and the ground in-plane magnetic field at any moment is deduced according to the vector laplace equation.
7. The method for collaborative electromagnetic prospecting for ground and air containing an air magnetic reference track according to claim 6, wherein the transformation relationship between the air in-plane magnetic field and the ground in-plane magnetic field at any moment is:
；
where z=h is the air height, z=0 is the ground,and->The frequency wave number domain variables along the x, y axis directions,for the magnetic field component->An expression form in the spatial wavenumber domain; />，/>Is a natural base number, and is used for the production of the natural base number,is a differential operator.
8. The method for collaborative electromagnetic exploration of the ground and air with an air magnetic reference track according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of calculating the cannia apparent resistivity according to the orthogonal ground electric field value and the ground magnetic field value is as follows:
，
wherein,for the Carnitia apparent resistivity, +.>For angular frequency +.>For permeability of medium, ">For the electric field value +.>Is->Corresponding orthogonal magnetic field values.
9. A kind of ground that contains the aerial magnetic reference way is empty to cooperate with the electromagnetic exploration system, characterized by, comprising:
the ground detection system is used for acquiring the observed electric field components of each measuring point in the ground-arranged measuring line;
the aerial detection system is used for acquiring aerial observation magnetic field components of the survey line;
the processor is used for superposing and calculating the magnetic field value of the ground measuring point corresponding to the air position according to the ground measuring point position and the distance;
transforming the magnetic field data from a time space domain to a frequency wave number domain, and deducing the transformation relation between the magnetic field in the air plane and the magnetic field in the ground plane at any moment;
according to the transformation relation, calculating a ground magnetic field value of a time space domain;
and calculating the Canida apparent resistivity according to the orthogonal ground electric field value and the ground magnetic field value to obtain the underground medium information.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the aerial detection system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a suspension device, a coil and a receiver, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with the receiver, the suspension device is arranged at the lower end of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the coil is carried on the suspension device.
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