CN117741089A - Detection system and detection method for locomotive coupler knuckle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a detection system and a detection method for a locomotive coupler knuckle, and relates to the technical field of connecting systems of railway vehicles. The invention has the advantages that the position of the coupler knuckle can be adjusted by utilizing the driving of the first rotating piece and the second rotating piece, so that the coupler knuckle is smoothly switched among the clamping area, the spraying area and the scanning area, and compared with manual carrying, the detection efficiency is improved. And because the second rotating piece for driving the clamping die to turn over is arranged, the coupler knuckle can be comprehensively sprayed with contrast agent, so that the subsequent scanning detection achieves better effect, and compared with the manual detection, the detection precision is greatly improved.

Description

Detection system and detection method for locomotive coupler knuckle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of connecting systems of railway vehicles, in particular to a detecting system and a detecting method for a locomotive coupler knuckle.

Background

The coupler is a critical connecting component between rolling stock. The coupler knuckle is used for realizing the connection and transmission of traction force and impact force between a locomotive and a vehicle or between vehicles and keeping a certain distance between the vehicles. The knuckle is an important component of the coupler, and can be inevitably worn in different degrees, and after the wear exceeds the limit, the coupler knuckle needs to be subjected to repair work such as measurement, repair welding, polishing and the like.

At present, detection work of the coupler knuckle is needed to be carried out manually, the efficiency of the detection process is low, and the detection precision is difficult to guarantee.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a detection system and a detection method for a locomotive coupler knuckle, which are used for improving the detection efficiency and accuracy.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a detection system for a locomotive knuckle comprising: the base body is connected with a first rotating piece, and one side of the first rotating piece, which is far away from the base body, is connected with a second rotating piece; the clamping die is used for clamping the coupler knuckle to be tested and is arranged on one side, far away from the first rotating piece, of the second rotating piece; a scanning device mounted on the substrate, which can scan and detect the components located in the scanning area; a sprayer mounted to the base body for spraying a contrast agent to a knuckle to be tested clamped to the clamping die; the first rotating piece can drive the clamping die to reciprocate between the clamping area and the scanning area, and the second rotating piece can drive the clamping die to overturn.

In one embodiment, the scanning device comprises a frame body, wherein the frame body is mounted on a base body, and a guide rail is mounted on the frame body; the driving piece is connected with the guide rail and can move along the guide rail; and the scanner is used for scanning and detecting, and is arranged on the driving piece through the connecting piece.

In one embodiment, the guide rail is provided with a guide gear, and the guide rail is provided with an annular guide groove concentric with the guide gear; the driving piece comprises a driving motor, a guide wheel is connected to the driving motor, the guide wheel can roll along the annular guide groove, and driving teeth of the driving motor are meshed with the guide gear.

In one embodiment, the connecting member is a triaxial mechanical arm, one end of the connecting member is mounted on the driving member, and the other end of the connecting member is connected with the scanner.

In one embodiment, the clamping device further comprises an image recognition element arranged on the clamping die, the image recognition element is connected with the first rotating piece and the second rotating piece, and the image recognition element is used for adjusting the gesture of the clamping die according to the shot image.

In one embodiment, the clamping mold comprises a clamping member, and the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively connected to opposite ends of the clamping member, and the clamping member can drive the upper mold to be close to or far from the lower mold.

In one embodiment, the second rotating member includes a lifting mechanism and a mounting seat which are rotatably connected, the mounting seat is connected with the first rotating member, the lifting mechanism is connected and mounted with the clamping mold, and the lifting mechanism can drive the clamping mold to move along the rotating shaft direction of the first rotating member.

In one embodiment, the scanning device may generate a scan model based on the scan results; the detection system further comprises a processing module and a display device which is arranged on the matrix, the processing module can generate abrasion data according to the scanning model, and the display device can display the abrasion data.

In one embodiment, the axis of rotation of the second rotating member is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the first rotating member.

In one embodiment, the axis of rotation of the first rotary member is disposed vertically.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a detection method, which adopts the detection system, including: clamping the coupler knuckle to be tested in the clamping area by using a clamping die; the sprayer sprays contrast agent on the knuckle to be tested, the second rotating piece drives the clamping die to turn over in the spraying process, and the sprayed area of the knuckle to be tested is adjusted; driving the first rotating member to move the clamping die from the clamping area to the scanning area;

and scanning and detecting the coupler knuckle to be detected which moves into the scanning area by using a scanning device.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the position of the coupler knuckle can be adjusted by utilizing the driving of the first rotating piece and the second rotating piece, so that the coupler knuckle is smoothly switched among the clamping area, the spraying area and the scanning area, and compared with manual conveying, the detection efficiency is improved. And because the second rotating piece for driving the clamping die to turn over is arranged, the coupler knuckle can be comprehensively sprayed with contrast agent, so that the subsequent scanning detection achieves better effect, and compared with the manual detection, the detection precision is greatly improved.

Drawings

The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a detection system for a locomotive knuckle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the partial structure at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a structure of a coupler knuckle to be tested connected to a clamping mold during spraying by a sprayer according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of connecting a guide rail and a driving member according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a flowchart of a detection method according to an embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

1. a base;

2. a first rotating member;

3. a second rotating member; 31. a mounting base; 32. a lifting mechanism;

4. clamping the mold; 41. a clamping member; 42. an upper die; 43. a lower die;

5. a scanning device; 51. a frame body; 52. a guide rail; 521. an annular guide groove; 522. a guide gear; 53. a driving member; 531. a driving motor; 532. a guide wheel; 54. a scanner; 55. a connecting piece;

6. a spray applicator;

7. a display device;

9. the coupler knuckle to be tested.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a detection system for a locomotive knuckle, comprising: a base body 1, a clamping die 4 for clamping a knuckle 9 to be tested, a scanning device 5 mounted on the base body 1, and a sprayer 6 mounted on the base body 1. The base body 1 is connected with a first rotating member 2, and one side, far away from the base body 1, of the first rotating member 2 is connected with a second rotating member 3. The clamping die 4 is mounted on the side of the second rotating member 3 remote from the first rotating member 2. The scanning device 5 is used for scanning the knuckle 9 to be detected, and then detecting the knuckle 9 to be detected is completed. Compared with manual inspection, the scanning detection has higher precision and higher stability. The sprayer 6 is used for spraying contrast agent to the knuckle 9 to be tested clamped on the clamping die 4, further improving the scanning effect of the scanning device 5 and avoiding low detection precision caused by poor scanning effect.

Specifically, a first sensing device can be arranged in the clamping area, and whether the coupler knuckle 9 to be detected is located in the clamping area is detected through the first sensing device. When the first sensing device senses the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested, the first rotating piece 2 and the second rotating piece 3 rotate, so that the clamping die 4 is moved to a clamping area to clamp the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested by the clamping die 4.

After the clamping die 4 clamps the knuckle 9 to be tested, the first rotary member 2 rotates to move the clamping die 4 from the clamping area to the spraying area provided with the sprayer 6. Wherein, a camera can be arranged in the spraying area to detect whether the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested is in the spraying area or not and detect the spraying area of the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested in the spraying area. When the camera detects that the to-be-tested coupler knuckle 9 in the spraying area has an uncoated area, the to-be-tested coupler knuckle 9 is turned to a proper angle by controlling the rotation angle of the second rotating piece 3 so as to realize that the uncoated area corresponds to the sprayer 6.

The coating contrast agent is sprayed by the sprayer 6 onto the non-sprayed area of the knuckle 9 to be tested, and the second rotating member 3 is turned over to adjust the knuckle 9 to be tested. Allowing the knuckle 9 to be measured to be fully covered with contrast agent. The contrast agent can make the surface of the measured object present a good diffuse reflection shape, effectively improve the defects of poor scanning data quality, serious reflection and the like caused by various colors of the measured object, make the measured object such as black, reflective transparent surface and the like scan more easily, and obtain high-quality point cloud data. After the camera of the spraying area detects that the knuckle 9 to be tested is covered with contrast agent everywhere, the first rotating member 2 is controlled to move the clamping die 4 to the scanning area.

In some embodiments, in addition to determining the operating state of the contrast agent on the knuckle 9 to be measured by a camera provided in the painting area, the start and stop of the painting device 6 may be controlled according to the number of turns of the second rotating member 3. For example, when the number of rotations of the first rotation member 2 is less than a preset number of rotations, the sprayer 6 is activated and sprays the contrast agent. When the number of turns of the first rotary member 2 reaches the preset number, it is indicated that the contrast agent has been applied to the knuckle 9 to be tested in all directions, and the spraying operation of the sprayer 6 is stopped. Wherein, the preset number of turns can be set manually and can be adjusted according to the shape and size of the knuckle 9 to be measured.

When the clamping die 4 moves to the scanning area, the scanning device 5 can scan the knuckle 9 to be tested to obtain an outer contour model of the knuckle 9 to be tested. And obtaining the damage degree of the coupler knuckle 9 to be measured according to the outer contour model and the ideal outer contour which are measured by comparison. Compared with manual detection, the measurement result is more accurate. The detection accuracy is improved. After the scanning device 5 finishes scanning, the first rotating piece 2 can be utilized to move the clamping die 4 to a disassembling area, so that the knuckle 9 to be tested is disassembled, and the clamping die 4 is restored to an empty state for clamping the next knuckle 9 to be tested.

In summary, the present application uses the scanning device 5 to scan the knuckle 9 to be detected, which has higher detection precision and higher detection stability compared with manual detection. The coupler knuckle 9 to be tested clamped on the clamping die 4 can be switched back and forth in the clamping area, the spraying area and the scanning area through the matching of the first rotating piece 2 and the second rotating piece 3, so that the labor intensity of workers is reduced compared with manual carrying, and the detection efficiency is improved. At the same time, the second rotating member 3 can turn over the knuckle to be detected when the sprayer 6 sprays the contrast agent, so that each surface of the knuckle to be detected is uniformly covered with the contrast agent, and detection deviation caused by uneven spraying of the contrast agent is avoided.

In this embodiment, the substrate 1 is the ground on which the equipment is arranged, and the detection system provided in the application is built by arranging the components on the substrate 1 on the ground according to the relative position relationship, and in other embodiments, the substrate 1 can be used as the substrate 1 by adopting a frame structure or a plate structure and other structures, and the migration of the detection system can be synchronously realized by moving the substrate 1, so that the relative position of each component is unchanged after the site is replaced, and the subsequent debugging is reduced.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the scanning device 5 includes a frame 51, a driving member 53, and a scanner 54 for scanning detection. The frame body 51 is mounted on the base body 1, and a guide rail 52 is mounted on the frame body 51; the driving piece 53 is connected with the guide rail 52, and the driving piece 53 can move along the guide rail 52; the scanner 54 is mounted to the driving member 53 through a connection member 55.

The scanner 54 can move along the guide rail 52 under the action of the driving piece 53, so that the scanning range of the scanner 54 is enlarged, dead angles of scanning are reduced, and the measuring precision of the knuckle 9 to be measured is improved. In the actual detection process, the position and the inclination angle of the knuckle 9 to be detected in the scanning area can also be adjusted by adjusting the first rotating member 2 and the second rotating member 3, so that the scanner 54 can scan the knuckle 9 to be detected comprehensively.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, in some embodiments, a guide gear 522 is mounted on the guide rail 52, and the guide rail 52 is provided with an annular guide groove 521 concentric with the guide gear 522; the driving member 53 includes a driving motor 531, a guide wheel 532 is connected to the driving motor 531, the guide wheel 532 can roll along the annular guide groove 521, and driving teeth of the driving motor 531 are meshed with the guide gear 522.

By providing the guide rail 52 with the annular guide groove 521 concentric with the guide gear, the movement direction of the driving member 53 can be guided by the annular guide groove 521, and the position adjustment of the driving member 53 can be realized by gear engagement, so that the position of the scanner 54 can be accurately controlled by controlling the number of rotations of the driving motor 531, and the position accuracy of the scanner 54 can be better controlled.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, in some embodiments, the connecting member 55 is a tri-axial mechanical arm, one end of the connecting member 55 is mounted on the driving member 53, and the other end of the connecting member 55 is connected to the scanner 54.

The driving piece 53 is connected with the scanner 54 through the connecting piece 55 of the three-axis mechanical arm, and the relative position between the scanner 54 and the driving piece 53 can be adjusted through the three-axis mechanical arm, so that the scanning range of the scanner 54 is further enlarged.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in some embodiments, the detection system further includes an image recognition element disposed on the clamping mold 4, where the image recognition element is connected to the first rotating member 2 and the second rotating member 3, and the image recognition element is used to adjust the posture of the clamping mold 4 according to the captured image.

Because the image recognition element is arranged on the clamping die 4, in the process of clamping the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested by the clamping die 4, the image recognition element can be used for identifying the relative position relationship between the clamping die 4 and the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested, and the position of the clamping die 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the first rotating piece 2 and the second rotating piece 3, so that the clamping die 4 is adjusted to a proper angle to be in butt joint with the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested. The clamping accuracy of the knuckle 9 to be tested is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in some embodiments, the clamping mold 4 includes a clamping member 41, and an upper mold 42 and a lower mold 43 are connected to opposite ends of the clamping member 41, and the clamping member 41 may drive the upper mold 42 to be close to or away from the lower mold 43.

In general, in order to connect the knuckle 9 to be tested with other components on the locomotive, a connecting protrusion or a connecting pin hole is provided on the knuckle 9 to be tested. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, a portion of the knuckle 9 under test is inserted into a locating hole of the upper mold 42 and a portion is inserted into a locating hole of the lower mold 43 to achieve a stable connection of the knuckle 9 under test to the upper mold 42. In other embodiments, if the knuckle 9 to be tested has no protruding positioning structure, the knuckle 9 to be tested may be clamped to the clamping mold 4 by inserting positioning protrusions provided on the upper mold 42 and the lower mold 43 into the knuckle 9 to be tested.

The upper die 42 and the lower die 43 are driven to be close to each other by the clamping piece 41, so that the clamping of the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested can be realized, and compared with the positioning of a plate, the clamping process can be more stable by adopting the die positioning, and the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested is prevented from being separated from the clamping die 4 after clamping. In some embodiments, the upper mold 42 and the lower mold 43 may be detachably connected to the clamping member 41, and by replacing the upper mold 42 or the lower mold 43 on the clamping member 41, stable clamping of different kinds of knuckle 9 to be tested can be achieved.

Referring to fig. 1, the second rotating member 3 includes a lifting mechanism 32 and a mounting seat 31 which are rotatably connected, the mounting seat 31 is connected with the first rotating member 2, the lifting mechanism 32 is connected with and mounted on the clamping mold 4, and the lifting mechanism 32 can drive the clamping mold 4 to move along the rotation axis direction of the first rotating member 2.

That is, in the process of rotating the first rotating member 2, the mounting seat 31 rotates synchronously, so as to drive the knuckle 9 to be measured to rotate, while the second rotating member 3 rotates, namely, the lifting mechanism 32 rotates relative to the mounting seat 31, so that the knuckle 9 to be measured can be driven to turn around the mounting seat 31, and since the clamping mold 4 is mounted on the lifting mechanism 32, the lifting function of the lifting mechanism 32 can drive the knuckle 9 to be measured clamped in the clamping mold 4 to lift, and the position of the knuckle 9 to be measured can be adjusted in a translational manner outside the rotation. When the sprayer 6 sprays contrast agent on the knuckle 9 to be tested, the height of the knuckle 9 to be tested can be adjusted through the lifting mechanism 32, so that the sprayer 6 can spray areas with different heights.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the scanning device 5 may generate a scan model according to the scan result; the detection system further comprises a processing module and a display device 7, wherein the display device 7 is arranged on the base body 1, the processing module can generate abrasion data according to the scanning model, and the display device 7 can display the abrasion data.

The display device 7 provided on the base 1 displays the wear data, and the present detection result can be timely notified to the worker. The display device can also generate and display a comparison graph of the scanning model and the ideal model so as to intuitively embody the worn area and the worn degree.

Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the axis of rotation of the second rotating member 3 is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the first rotating member 2. That is, the first rotating member 2 is perpendicular to the rotating direction of the second rotating member 3, so that pose adjustment in the three-dimensional space can be realized by matching the first rotating member with the second rotating member, and spraying dead angles and scanning dead angles are reduced. The scanning accuracy of the detection is improved.

Referring to fig. 1, the rotation shaft of the first rotation member 2 is disposed vertically. When the first rotating piece 2 rotates, the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested can be driven to move horizontally, and the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested is smoothly moved in a clamping area, a spraying area and a scanning area.

Referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a detection method, which adopts the detection system, including:

clamping the knuckle 9 to be tested in the clamping area by using a clamping die 4;

the sprayer 6 sprays contrast agent on the knuckle 9 to be tested, and the second rotating piece 3 drives the clamping die 4 to turn over in the spraying process, so as to adjust the sprayed area of the knuckle 9 to be tested;

driving the first rotating member 2 to move the clamping die 4 from the clamping area to the scanning area;

the scanning device 5 is used for scanning and detecting the knuckle 9 to be detected which moves into the scanning area.

The first sensing piece, the second sensing piece and the third sensing piece can be respectively arranged in the clamping area, the spraying area and the scanning area. To assist in determining the position of the knuckle 9 to be tested to adjust the operating condition of the components. For example, the first sensing element is used for identifying whether the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested is in the clamping area, and when the first sensing element detects that the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested is in the clamping area, the first rotating element 2 is controlled to move the clamping die 4 to the clamping area and clamp the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested. The first rotating member 2 is then controlled to rotate, and the knuckle 9 to be measured is moved to the spraying area for contrast agent spraying.

By utilizing the matching of the first rotating part 2 and the second rotating part 3, the knuckle 9 to be tested clamped on the clamping die 4 can move back and forth in the spraying area, the clamping area and the scanning area, and only one clamping is needed, so that the subsequent manual clamping and carrying work is omitted, and the work of staff is reduced. Moreover, through the cooperation of the sprayer 6 and the second rotating member 3, the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested can be turned over in the process of spraying the contrast agent on the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested, so that the coupler knuckle 9 to be tested can uniformly spray the contrast agent, and errors caused by subsequent scanning due to uneven spraying of the contrast agent are avoided.

In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a high-precision detection method, reduces the working strength of staff and improves the detection efficiency.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims (11)

1. A detection system for a locomotive knuckle, comprising:

the base body is connected with a first rotating piece, and one side, far away from the base body, of the first rotating piece is connected with a second rotating piece;

the clamping die is used for clamping the coupler knuckle to be tested and is arranged on one side, away from the first rotating piece, of the second rotating piece;

the scanning device is arranged on the substrate and can perform scanning detection on the components positioned in the scanning area;

a sprayer mounted to the base body for spraying contrast agent to a knuckle to be tested clamped to the clamping die;

the first rotating piece can drive the clamping die to reciprocate between the clamping area and the scanning area, and the second rotating piece can drive the clamping die to turn over.

2. The detection system of claim 1, wherein the scanning device comprises,

the frame body is arranged on the base body, and a guide rail is arranged on the frame body;

the driving piece is connected with the guide rail and can move along the guide rail; and

and the scanner is used for scanning and detecting and is arranged on the driving piece through a connecting piece.

3. The detection system of claim 2, wherein;

the guide rail is provided with a guide gear, and an annular guide groove concentric with the guide gear is formed in the guide rail;

the driving piece comprises a driving motor, a guide wheel is connected to the driving motor, the guide wheel can roll along the annular guide groove, and driving teeth of the driving motor are meshed with the guide gear.

4. The detection system according to claim 2, wherein the connecting member is a three-axis mechanical arm, one end of the connecting member is mounted on the driving member, and the other end of the connecting member is connected to the scanner.

5. The inspection system of claim 1 further comprising an image recognition element disposed on the clamping die, the image recognition element coupled to the first rotating member and the second rotating member, the image recognition element configured to adjust a pose of the clamping die based on the captured image.

6. The inspection system of claim 1, wherein the clamping mold comprises a clamping member having opposite ends connected to an upper mold and a lower mold, respectively, the clamping member being adapted to drive the upper mold toward and away from the lower mold.

7. The inspection system of claim 1, wherein the second rotating member includes a lifting mechanism and a mounting base rotatably connected thereto, the mounting base is connected to the first rotating member, the lifting mechanism is connected to the mounting base and the clamping mold, and the lifting mechanism is capable of driving the clamping mold to move along a rotation axis direction of the first rotating member.

8. The detection system of claim 1, wherein the detection system comprises a sensor,

the scanning device can generate a scanning model according to a scanning result;

the detection system further comprises a processing module and a display device which is arranged on the matrix, wherein the processing module can generate abrasion data according to the scanning model, and the display device can display the abrasion data.

9. The inspection system of claim 1 wherein the axis of rotation of the second rotating member is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the first rotating member.

10. The inspection system of claim 1 wherein the axis of rotation of the first rotating member is disposed vertically.

11. A method of detection, characterized in that it employs the detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising:

clamping the coupler knuckle to be tested in the clamping area by using a clamping die;

the sprayer sprays contrast agent on the coupler knuckle to be tested, the second rotating piece drives the clamping die to turn over in the spraying process, and the sprayed area of the coupler knuckle to be tested is adjusted;

driving a first rotating member to move the clamping die from the clamping area to a scanning area;

and scanning and detecting the coupler knuckle to be detected which moves into the scanning area by using a scanning device.