CN117740446B

CN117740446B - Plant rhizosphere soil collection system

Info

Publication number: CN117740446B
Application number: CN202410185746.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾淑霞; 黄丹丹; 刘红文
Original assignee: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
Current assignee: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
Priority date: 2024-02-20
Filing date: 2024-02-20
Publication date: 2024-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 2044-02-20
Also published as: CN117740446A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil sample sampling tools, in particular to a plant rhizosphere soil collecting device, which comprises a collecting cylinder and a blowing unit, wherein the collecting cylinder is arranged on the collecting cylinder; the collecting cylinder comprises a top cover, a screen box and a screen bottom box which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; a bottom net is arranged at the inner bottom of the screen box; the plant root system is flattened through a locating rack and is fixed in the screen box, and the blowing unit drives a rotary pipeline arranged in the screen box to rotate so as to strike and shake off rhizosphere soil on the plant root system; the screen bottom box is used for collecting rhizosphere soil penetrating through the bottom net. According to the invention, a part of structures on the rotary pipeline are utilized to strike the plant root system, so that the agglomerated soil is scattered, and meanwhile, the air flow generated by the air blowing unit is matched, so that rhizosphere soil can be shaken off from the plant root system, the root soil is collected completely, the waste condition is avoided, the shaken-off rhizosphere soil also needs to pass through the bottom mesh screen, and the purity of the rhizosphere soil is improved.

Description

Plant rhizosphere soil collection system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil sample sampling tools, in particular to a plant rhizosphere soil collecting device.

Background

On the earth where people live, the soil which is visible everywhere is a precious resource, and is the basis of living of people on the earth, and the soil is related to material production, environment and the like. However, soil formation is a complex, lengthy process and is also affected by plant growth.

The soil supports the growth of plants, provides nutrients for the plants, and the like. On one hand, plants obtain substances such as nutrients, moisture and the like required by self growth from soil through root systems, and on the other hand, the plants release part of photosynthetic products formed by photosynthesis into the soil through the root systems in the form of root system secretions or dead root systems, and the substances are stored in the soil around the root systems, so that rhizosphere soil with special properties is formed.

Rhizosphere soil is strictly speaking that portion of soil affected by root exudates or dead roots. The range over which root exudates or dead roots can affect is limited, and it is believed that it is generally no more than 2mm around the root. Therefore, the range of the rhizosphere soil is very narrow, and the rhizosphere soil sample is difficult to collect directly from the periphery of the root system, the plant root system is usually pulled up, loose soil around the root system is shaken out, and the rest soil attached to the root system is considered as the rhizosphere soil.

At present, the collection of rhizosphere soil is usually realized in a vibration mode, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN214149900U discloses a plant rhizosphere soil field collection device which comprises a vibration motor, a plant placing rack, a plurality of funnels, a driving device, a power supply and a controller; the plant placing rack comprises a base, two brackets, a placing plate, a tray and a partition plate; a tray is detachably arranged on the base; the tray comprises a first grid groove and a second grid groove; a first slot is arranged between the first grid groove and the second grid groove; two brackets are fixedly arranged on two sides of the base respectively; a placing plate is fixedly arranged at the upper part between the two brackets; the placing plate is provided with rails which are the same as the hoppers in number and are parallel to each other; the placing plate is provided with a second slot corresponding to the first slot; the partition board is detachably arranged in the first slot and the second slot; a soft brush group is arranged on the second grid groove; the driving device is used for driving the funnel to move back and forth along the track. This scheme can the automatic acquisition rhizosphere soil, can gather simultaneously by many plants, efficient.

The scheme has the following defects in actual use:

According to the scheme, the vibrating motor is matched with the soft brush group to collect rhizosphere soil, and when the rhizosphere soil is in actual use, a large part of rhizosphere soil falling off from plant root systems remains in the soft brush group, so that the rhizosphere soil on each plant root system cannot be collected as much as possible, and the collection amount of the rhizosphere soil in the collection process cannot be achieved; moreover, the scheme is not suitable for collecting rhizosphere soil in a field environment, for example, in a strong wind environment, the shaken-off rhizosphere soil can be blown away by strong wind; meanwhile, if the soil is dry and the agglomeration is caused, the falling rhizosphere soil particles are thicker, and more non-rhizosphere soil impurities are likely to be doped, so that the obtained rhizosphere soil has low purity.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a plant rhizosphere soil collecting device for solving the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the plant rhizosphere soil collecting device comprises a collecting cylinder and a blowing unit;

The collecting cylinder comprises a top cover, a screen box and a screen bottom box which are sequentially connected from top to bottom;

A bottom net is arranged at the inner bottom of the screen box;

the plant root system is flattened through a locating rack and is fixed in the screen box, and the blowing unit drives a rotary pipeline arranged in the screen box to rotate so as to strike and shake off rhizosphere soil on the plant root system;

A plurality of freely falling knocking pieces are arranged on the rotary pipeline;

the knocking piece comprises a porous pipe and a hose, wherein the bottom end of the porous pipe is sealed, the top end of the porous pipe is communicated with a blowing pipe of the blowing unit through the hose, and the porous pipe is used for knocking plant roots;

the positioning frame comprises a lower frame and an upper frame which are horizontally arranged, and a connecting piece for connecting the lower frame and the upper frame, wherein the connecting piece is arranged on the rotation axis of the rotary pipeline;

the lower frame and the upper frame are matched to form an annular channel, and the bottom of the knocking piece falls down in the annular channel;

the screen bottom box is used for collecting rhizosphere soil penetrating through the bottom net.

Preferably, the rotary pipeline further comprises a top pipe, a bottom pipe and two connecting pipes which are arranged in a rectangular shape;

the positioning frame is positioned between the two connecting pipes;

The jacking pipe is in rotary sealing communication with the air blowing pipe;

the top end of the hose is communicated with the jacking pipe;

the side of the bottom pipe is provided with a plurality of air outlets which are inclined downwards.

Preferably, the lower frame and the upper frame each comprise an outer ring, an inner ring and a concave rod;

when the lower frame and the upper frame clamp the plant root system, the two concave rods are positioned in the same vertical plane.

Preferably, the connecting piece comprises a lining pipe and an outer sleeve fixedly sleeved outside the lining pipe through bolts;

The concave rod on the lower frame is fixed on the lining pipe;

the concave rod on the upper frame is fixed on the outer sleeve.

Preferably, a bearing is arranged on the bottom pipe, and the bearing is positioned on the rotation axis of the rotation pipeline;

The lining pipe is rotationally connected with the bottom pipe through the bearing;

When the top cover is covered on the top of the screen box, a pressing plate arranged at the bottom end of the lining pipe is pressed against the bottom net.

Preferably, a filter cartridge is further clamped between the screen box and the screen bottom box, and a filter cloth cartridge in a funnel shape is fixed in the filter cartridge;

the air inlet pipe of the air blowing unit is communicated with an annular space formed between the filter cloth cylinder and the inner wall surface of the filter cylinder.

Preferably, a collecting box is arranged in the screen bottom box.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

According to the invention, the plant root system is fixed through the locating frame, the disordered root system is extruded and flattened, so that the plant root system is approximately in a plate-shaped structure with a certain thickness, then the rotating pipeline arranged in the screen box is driven to rotate through the blowing unit, the plant root system is impacted by a part of the structure on the rotating pipeline, so that agglomerated soil is scattered, and meanwhile, the rhizosphere soil can be shaken off from the plant root system by matching with air flow generated by the blowing unit, the root soil is completely collected, the waste condition is avoided, and the shaken off rhizosphere soil also needs to pass through a bottom screen to be separated, so that the purity of the rhizosphere soil is improved.

According to the invention, the plant root system is knocked by the knocking piece, on one hand, the porous pipe is utilized to knock the plant root system, so that the rhizosphere soil is favorable to be smashed and knocked down, on the other hand, the small holes on the porous pipe can also discharge the air flow blown out by the blowing unit, so that the rhizosphere soil can be blown off from the plant root system by the air flow blown out by the blowing unit in the process that the porous pipe impacts the plant root system, the rhizosphere soil coated around the plant root system is more favorable to be removed, and the air flow can be utilized to enable the powdered rhizosphere soil to form flying dust to be diffused into the inner space of the screen box, and then the flying dust passes through the bottom net along with the air flow, so that the purification of the rhizosphere soil is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotary pipe and the positioning frame of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a plexor member according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the positioning frame of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention after the lower frame and the upper frame are separated;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a connector according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of a rotary pipe according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a platen according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic top view of a rotary pipe according to the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic top view of the screen box of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. A collection cylinder; 11. a top cover; 12. a screen box; 121. a bottom net; 13. a filter cartridge; 131. a filter cloth cylinder; 14. a screen bottom box; 141. a collection box;

2. rotating the pipe; 21. jacking pipes; 22. a bottom tube; 221. an exhaust port; 23. a connecting pipe; 24. a bearing; 25. a knocking member; 251. a perforated tube; 252. a hose;

3. a positioning frame; 31. placing the frame; 311. an outer ring; 312. an inner ring; 313. a concave rod; 32. loading on a frame; 33. a connecting piece; 331. an outer sleeve; 332. an inner liner tube; 333. a bolt; 334. a pressing plate;

4. A blowing unit; 41. an air blowing pipe; 42. an air inlet pipe;

5. And (5) a snap lock.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-11, the present invention provides a technical solution:

The plant rhizosphere soil collecting device comprises a collecting cylinder 1 and a blowing unit 4. In this embodiment, the collection cylinder 1 cooperates with the blowing unit 4 to complete the collection of rhizosphere soil. The blowing unit 4 may be a direct current air pump and is driven by a battery, thereby being convenient for use in a field environment.

The collection cylinder 1 comprises a top cover 11, a screen box 12 and a screen bottom box 14 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. As shown in fig. 1,2 and 11, the top cover 11 in this embodiment is circular, and the screen box 12 and the bottom box 14 are also circular boxes, which can be connected and fixed by the snap locks 5.

As shown in fig. 2 and 11, the inner bottom of the screen box 12 is provided with a bottom net 121; the pore size of the bottom net 121 may be adjusted according to practical situations, and in general, the pore size of the bottom net 121 ranges from 1mm to 2 mm.

As shown in fig. 2, the plant root system is flattened and fixed inside the screen box 12 by the positioning frame 3, and then the blowing unit 4 drives the rotating pipe 2 provided inside the screen box 12 to rotate so as to strike and shake off rhizosphere soil on the plant root system. The screen bottom box 14 is used to collect rhizosphere soil that has penetrated through the bottom net 121.

The rotary pipeline 2 and the locating frame 3 are arranged inside the screen box 12, so that the purpose of blocking a complex field environment can be achieved, and the condition that rhizosphere soil collected in a strong wind environment is blown away is prevented.

In the above-mentioned scheme, fix plant root system earlier through the locating rack 3 that sets up, and with the root system extrusion of disorder level, make plant root system be approximately to have the platy structure of certain thickness, then drive the rotatory pipeline 2 that sets up in screen cloth box 12 inside through blowing unit 4 and rotate, utilize the soil of part structure striking plant root system on the rotatory pipeline 2, make the soil of caking scatter, the air current that the cooperation blowing unit 4 produced simultaneously, thereby can shake root soil from plant root system, accomplish the number collection to root soil, avoid causing the extravagant condition, and shake root soil that falls still need sieve through the bottom net 121, in order to improve the purity of root soil.

As shown in fig. 3, the rotary pipeline 2 is provided with a plurality of freely falling knockers 25; when the rotary pipeline 2 rotates, the knocking piece 25 also rotates along with the rotary pipeline, so that the bottom of the knocking piece 25 can knock a plant root system.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the knocking member 25 includes a perforated tube 251 and a hose 252, the bottom end of the perforated tube 251 is sealed, and the top end is communicated with the blowing tube 41 of the blowing unit 4 through the hose 252; the perforated tube 251 is used to strike the plant root system. In this embodiment, the porous tube 251 may be made of metal, such as stainless steel, so that the porous tube 251 itself has a certain weight, so that the force of the porous tube 251 striking the plant root system can be increased during rotation, and the actual material and weight can be selected according to different collected plant types. In this embodiment, the hose 252 may be a rubber tube, when the porous tube 251 hits the plant root system clamped between the lower frame 31 and the upper frame 32 (as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 5), the position of the plant root system will not change due to the fact that the plant root system is clamped between the lower frame 31 and the upper frame 32, so that the porous tube 251 will incline under the shielding of the plant root system, the hose 252 will bend elastically to a certain extent, the porous tube 251 will slide over the top of the plant root system, the situation that the plant root system is broken by the porous tube 251 is avoided, and the bent rubber tube has a certain elasticity, which can drive the porous tube 251 to recover to the vertical state quickly.

In the above scheme, through the knocking member 25 that sets up, on the one hand, utilize porous pipe 251 to strike plant root system, be favorable to shaking the rhizosphere soil and shake the fall, on the other hand, the aperture on the porous pipe 251 can also discharge the air current that is blown out by blowing unit 4, thereby the in-process that porous pipe 251 hit plant root system still can utilize the air current that blowing unit 4 is blown out rhizosphere soil from plant root system, be favorable to cleaing away the rhizosphere soil cladding around plant root system more, and, moreover, can also utilize this air current to make powdered rhizosphere soil form the raise dust diffusion to the inner space of screen cloth box 12, then pass bottom net 121 along with the air current again, the purification of rhizosphere soil of being convenient for.

As shown in fig. 3, the rotary pipeline 2 further comprises a top pipe 21, a bottom pipe 22 and two connecting pipes 23 which are arranged in a rectangular shape; that is, the top pipe 21, the bottom pipe 22 and the two connecting pipes 23 are rectangular structures arranged on the vertical surfaces, and when in actual use, the rectangular structures surrounded by the top pipe 21, the bottom pipe 22 and the two connecting pipes 23 integrally rotate, and the two connecting pipes 23 can strike plant root systems protruding out of the periphery of the positioning frame 3 in the rotating process, so that the rhizosphere soil on the plant root systems can be thoroughly collected.

The positioning frame 3 is located between the two connecting pipes 23.

The jacking pipe 21 is in rotary sealing communication with the air blowing pipe 41; for example, the push pipe 21 and the air blowing pipe 41 are connected by mechanical sealing.

The top end of the hose 252 is communicated with the jacking pipe 21; so that hose 252 can be positioned above spacer 3 so that freely falling perforated tube 251 can be brought into contact with the plant root system.

In this embodiment, the principle of the blowing unit 4 driving the rotation pipe 2 to rotate is as follows: the side of the bottom pipe 22 is provided with a plurality of exhaust ports 221 obliquely downward. As shown in fig. 8 and 10, the air flow generated by the air blowing unit 4 is discharged through the plurality of air outlets 221, and the reverse thrust generated thereby drives the rotary duct 2 to rotate, and the rotary duct 2 in this embodiment rotates in the direction shown by the dotted arrow in fig. 10. Further, since the plurality of air vents 221 are disposed obliquely downward, as shown in fig. 8, the air flow discharged from the air vents 221 not only can drive the rotary pipeline 2 to rotate, but also can blow up the particles blocking the bottom net 121, so as to prevent the bottom net 121 from being blocked by the particles with larger particle size, and the blown-up particles can freely fall down and strike on the bottom net 121, so that the crushing of the soil is further realized, the collection of the rhizosphere soil is facilitated, the filtering efficiency and the effect of the bottom net 121 on the rhizosphere soil are ensured, and meanwhile, the bottom net 121 can blow up the powdery rhizosphere soil falling on the bottom net 121 to form dust so as to pass through the bottom net 121 along with the air flow, and the filtering and purifying of the rhizosphere soil are completed.

As shown in fig. 3, the positioning frame 3 includes a lower frame 31 and an upper frame 32 which are horizontally disposed, and a connecting member 33 for connecting the lower frame 31 and the upper frame 32; when in use, the lower frame 31 and the upper frame 32 are separated, then the plant root system is placed on the lower frame 31, then the upper frame 32 is covered and extruded, so that the plant root system is extruded by the lower frame 31 and the upper frame 32 into a plate shape with a certain thickness, and then the lower frame 31 and the upper frame 32 are fixed together by the connecting piece 33.

The connection 33 is arranged on the rotation axis of the rotation pipe 2; that is, the rotary pipe 2 rotates around the connecting piece 33.

The lower frame 31 and the upper frame 32 cooperate to form an annular channel in which the bottom of the plexor member 25 drops. I.e. perforated tube 251 falls down in the annular channel.

Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the lower frame 31 and the upper frame 32 each include an outer ring 311, an inner ring 312, and a concave bar 313; the annular channel is a channel formed between the outer ring 311 and the inner ring 312 and between the inner ring 312 and the connecting member 33, the concave rod 313 has the function of limiting the depth of the annular channel, meanwhile, the concave rod 313 can prevent the porous tube 251 from striking the concave rod 313 in the rotating process after connecting the outer ring 311 and the inner ring 312, so that the porous tube 251 can strike the plant root system without obstruction on the clamped plants, the porous tube 251 above the inner ring 312 can strike the plant leaf and stem parts, the plant root system and the plant leaf and stem parts can be struck, and the striking soil effect can be further enhanced.

As shown in fig. 5, when the lower and upper frames 31 and 32 clamp the plant root system, the two concave bars 313 are in the same vertical plane. From this, can control concave pole 313 when placing the plant root system and set up along the extending direction of plant root system, avoid the plant root system to be extruded between two concave poles 313.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the connector 33 includes a lining tube 332 and an outer sleeve 331 fixedly sleeved outside the lining tube 332 by a bolt 333, and the friction between the outer sleeve 331 and the lining tube 332 can be adjusted by rotating the bolt 333, thereby facilitating the separation and fixation of the lower frame 31 and the upper frame 32; the concave bar 313 on the lower frame 31 is fixed on the lining tube 332; the concave bar 313 of the upper frame 32 is fixed to the outer sleeve 331.

In this embodiment, in order to prevent the positioning frame 3 from rotating, the following technical scheme is adopted:

As shown in fig. 3, the bottom pipe 22 is provided with a bearing 24, and the bearing 24 is positioned on the rotation axis of the rotary pipeline 2; i.e. the axis of the bearing 24 coincides with the rotational axis of the rotating pipe 2.

As shown in fig. 9, the liner tube 332 is rotatably coupled to the bottom tube 22 by the bearing 24; a rotational connection between the positioning frame 3 and the swivel pipe 2 is achieved.

Further, when the top cover 11 is covered on the top of the screen box 12, the pressing plate 334 disposed at the bottom end of the lining tube 332 is pressed against the bottom net 121, and the lining tube 332 is fixedly connected with the pressing plate 334. In this way, the rotation of the positioning frame 3 can be effectively prevented by the friction force between the pressing plate 334 and the bottom net 121. The purpose of this arrangement is that: in the process that the porous pipe 251 knocks the plant root system, the positioning frame 3 can not rotate due to the knocking force of the porous pipe 251 all the time, so that the porous pipe 251 can effectively knock the plant root system, and stripping and collecting of rhizosphere soil are facilitated.

As shown in fig. 2, a filter cartridge 13 is further clamped between the screen box 12 and the screen bottom box 14, the filter cartridge 13 is cylindrical, a funnel-shaped filter cloth barrel 131 is fixed in the filter cartridge 13, on one hand, the funnel-shaped filter cloth barrel 131 can increase the filtering area in a limited height, and on the other hand, the funnel-shaped filter cloth barrel 131 can also be an annular space between the filter cloth barrel 131 and the inner wall surface of the filter cartridge 13, so that the filter cartridge 13 does not need to have a complex structure, and the production cost of the filter cartridge 13 is reduced; the air inlet pipe 42 of the air blowing unit 4 communicates with an annular space formed between the filter cloth cartridge 131 and the inner wall surface of the filter cartridge 13.

In actual use, the air blowing unit 4 can exhaust air from the annular space through the air inlet pipe 42, and then exhaust air to the inside of the screen box 12 through the air blowing pipe 41, so that circulation of air is formed, on one hand, external dust and the like can be prevented from entering the inside of the screen box 12, the collected rhizosphere soil is not polluted by the external dust, the purity of the rhizosphere soil is improved, on the other hand, the air pressure in the annular space and the space below the bottom net 121 can be reduced, the air containing the rhizosphere soil inside the screen box 12 can rapidly penetrate through the bottom net 121, and the collection efficiency is improved conveniently.

As shown in fig. 2, a collection box 141 is provided inside the under-screen box 14 for collecting rhizosphere soil to facilitate removal of the rhizosphere soil from the inside of the under-screen box 14.

The workflow of this embodiment is: the root system of the rhizosphere soil sample, namely the plant root system, is required to be collected, the redundant attached soil is firstly removed according to a shaking-off method, after all the redundant soil on the root system is carefully removed, the plant root system is clamped by using the positioning frame 3, then the top cover 11 is covered, the blowing unit 4 is started, a part of air flow generated by the blowing unit 4 is discharged from the air outlet 221, the generated reverse thrust force drives the rotary pipeline 2 to rotate, so that the rhizosphere soil on the plant root system can be scattered and shaken off by using the impact force of the porous pipe 251 and the discharged air flow thereof, and the shaken-off rhizosphere soil is filtered and purified by the bottom net 121 and finally is collected in the collecting box 141.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The plant rhizosphere soil collecting device is characterized by comprising a collecting barrel and a blowing unit;

A bottom net is arranged at the inner bottom of the screen box;

The screen bottom box is used for collecting rhizosphere soil penetrating through the bottom net; the rotary pipeline further comprises a top pipe, a bottom pipe and two connecting pipes which are arranged in a rectangular mode;

the positioning frame is positioned between the two connecting pipes;

The jacking pipe is in rotary sealing communication with the air blowing pipe;

the top end of the hose is communicated with the jacking pipe;

2. The plant rhizosphere soil collection device of claim 1, wherein: the lower frame and the upper frame comprise an outer ring, an inner ring and a concave rod;

3. The plant rhizosphere soil collection device of claim 2, wherein: the connecting piece comprises a lining pipe and an outer sleeve fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the lining pipe through bolts;

The concave rod on the lower frame is fixed on the lining pipe;

the concave rod on the upper frame is fixed on the outer sleeve.

4. A plant rhizosphere soil collection device according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom pipe is provided with a bearing, and the bearing is positioned on the rotation axis of the rotation pipeline;

5. The plant rhizosphere soil collection device of claim 1, wherein: a filter cartridge is further clamped between the screen box and the screen bottom box, and a filter cloth cartridge in a funnel shape is fixed in the filter cartridge;

6. The plant rhizosphere soil collection device of claim 1, wherein: the inside of the screen bottom box is provided with a collecting box.