CN117738744A - Intelligent anchor rod pretightening force applying system and method - Google Patents
Intelligent anchor rod pretightening force applying system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of active support controlled by surrounding rock of underground engineering, and particularly discloses an intelligent anchor rod pretightening force applying system and method, wherein the system comprises the following steps: the intelligent monitoring device is used for acquiring deformation of the anchor rod tray before and after the pre-tightening force is applied, and obtaining the current pre-tightening force of the anchor rod based on a database of the corresponding relation between the deformation and the pre-tightening force; the intelligent control device is used for judging the difference value between the current pretightening force and the preset pretightening force, and controlling the anchor rod drawing device to provide drawing force for the anchor rod according to the difference value if the difference value is larger than a set threshold value; if the difference value is smaller than the set threshold value, controlling the quantitative knob device to apply the required pretightening force to the anchor rod; the anchor rod drawing device is used for applying axial drawing force to the anchor rod according to the control instruction; and the quantitative knob device is used for automatically controlling the screwing of the nut and the anchor rod according to the torque signal. The invention solves the problem that the effect of the pre-tightening force application cannot be monitored in real time in the pre-tightening force application process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of active support controlled by surrounding rock of underground engineering, in particular to an intelligent anchor rod pretightening force applying system and method.
Background
The year by year increase of the coal exploitation scale and the continuous increase of the exploitation depth make the roadway support face a plurality of challenges, the support difficult problem is continuously present, and the traditional anchor bolt support is difficult to meet the requirements of the modern underground engineering support development. The pre-tightening force anchor bolt support can provide support resistance in time in the underground surrounding rock support, effectively improve the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock and form an integrated self-bearing structure with higher bearing capacity, so that a modern anchor bolt support system with high strength, high rigidity, high reliability and low support density is realized, and the problem of underground surrounding rock support is effectively solved. And particularly, under the conditions of high water pressure, high ground stress, high ground temperature and strong mining influence of deep surrounding rock, higher requirements are provided for the application and conversion of the pre-tightening force of the anchor rod.
The anchor rod pretightening force means that after the anchor rod construction is completed, certain pulling force is required to be applied to the anchor rod, so that the stress of the anchor rod is in a preset state, the anchor rod can effectively resist horizontal and vertical loads of a stratum, and the engineering stability and safety are ensured.
In the prior art, after the anchor rod is installed, a certain pretightening force is applied to the anchor rod by manually applying a certain torque to the nut through a torque wrench; the pre-tightening force application capability is low, the conversion efficiency is low, and a large torque is often required to be applied to convert the pre-tightening force into a pre-tightening force set value, so that the pre-tightening force loss is large in the application process; in addition, the mode is greatly influenced by human factors, and because the pretightening force loss exists, the effect of applying pretightening force is difficult to judge, and the automatic quantitative application and maintenance of pretightening force cannot be realized.
Although the prior art also discloses a mode of applying certain pretightening force by stretching the anchor rod, the mode also needs to be calibrated, debugged and repeated stretching operation by professional staff, the efficiency is low, automatic quantitative application of pretightening force cannot be achieved, and the application effect of pretightening force cannot be accurately judged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an intelligent anchor rod pre-tightening force applying system and method, which can realize intelligent and quantitative application of the anchor rod pre-tightening force and overcome the problems of low pre-tightening force conversion efficiency, difficulty in quantitative application, large pre-tightening force loss and the like in the existing anchor rod pre-tightening force applying process.
In some embodiments, the following technical scheme is adopted:
an intelligent anchor rod pretension applying system, comprising:
the intelligent monitoring device is used for acquiring deformation of the anchor rod tray before and after the pre-tightening force is applied, obtaining the current pre-tightening force of the anchor rod based on the deformation and pre-tightening force corresponding relation database and sending the current pre-tightening force to the intelligent control device; the corresponding relation between the deformation of the tray of different anchor rods and the pretightening force is prestored in the corresponding relation database of the deformation and the pretightening force;
the intelligent control device is used for receiving the current pretightening force of the anchor rod sent by the intelligent monitoring device, judging the difference value between the current pretightening force and the preset pretightening force, and controlling the anchor rod drawing device to provide drawing force for the anchor rod according to the difference value if the difference value is larger than a set threshold value; if the difference value is smaller than the set threshold value, calculating the torque required to be applied by the quantitative knob device according to the difference value so as to control the quantitative knob device to apply the required pretightening force to the anchor rod;
the anchor rod drawing device is used for receiving a control command of the intelligent control device and applying axial drawing force to the anchor rod according to the control command;
the quantitative knob device comprises a nut sleeved on the anchor rod and an intelligent quantitative wrench sleeved on the nut, wherein the intelligent quantitative wrench can receive a torque signal sent by the intelligent control device, and the screwing of the nut and the anchor rod is automatically controlled according to the torque signal.
Wherein, intelligent monitoring device acquires the deflection of stock tray around pretightning force is applyed, and specific process is:
n characteristic points are selected in advance on the surface of the tray, displacement variation of the N characteristic points before and after the pretightening force is applied is measured through a non-contact deformation measuring device, and the average value of the displacement variation of all the characteristic points is calculated and used as the deformation of the anchor rod tray.
The selection of the N feature points is specifically as follows: and uniformly selecting N points in the circumferential direction by taking the center of the anchor rod tray as an origin and 1/2 of the radius of the tray as the radius, wherein the projection points of the N points on the surface of the tray are taken as N characteristic points.
In other embodiments, the following technical solutions are adopted:
an intelligent anchor rod pretightening force applying method comprises the following steps:
after the anchor rod construction is completed, a drawing force is provided for the anchor rod through an anchor rod drawing device so as to apply an initial pretightening force;
the deformation of the anchor rod tray before and after the pre-tightening force is applied is obtained in real time, and the current first pre-tightening force of the anchor rod is obtained based on a database of the corresponding relation between the deformation and the pre-tightening force;
controlling the anchor rod drawing device to adjust the drawing force on the anchor rod based on the first pretightening force; obtaining the current second pre-tightening force of the anchor rod according to the deformation of the tray, comparing the second pre-tightening force with the preset pre-tightening force, and continuously adjusting the drawing force of the anchor rod if the difference value of the second pre-tightening force and the preset pre-tightening force is larger than a set threshold value; if the difference value of the two is smaller than the set threshold value, calculating the torque required to be applied by the nut based on the difference value, and automatically controlling the screwing of the nut and the anchor rod according to the calculation result; finally, the pretightening force applied to the anchor rod reaches the preset pretightening force requirement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the current pre-tightening force of the anchor rod is correspondingly obtained by monitoring the deformation of the anchor rod tray and utilizing the corresponding relation database of the deformation and the pre-tightening force, so that the problem that the pre-tightening force application effect cannot be monitored in real time in the pre-tightening force application process is solved.
(2) According to the invention, the anchor rod drawing device and the quantitative knob device are controlled to apply the pre-tightening force according to the current pre-tightening force, and finally the pre-tightening force of the anchor rod is adjusted to be a preset pre-tightening force. The automatic accurate quantitative application of the pre-tightening force is realized, and the problems that the pre-tightening force conversion efficiency is low, the quantitative application is difficult, the pre-tightening force loss is large and the like in the pre-tightening force application process of the anchor rod in the prior art are solved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent anchor pre-tightening force application system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an intelligent application method of the pre-tightening force of the anchor rod in the embodiment of the invention;
the device comprises a surrounding rock, an anchor rod tray, a quantitative knob device, a non-contact deformation measuring device, an installation frame, a drawing counterforce beam, a locking plate, a locking sleeve, an oil pipe, an oil hydraulic source and an intelligent control device.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Term interpretation:
the anchor rod tray is an important part in an anchor rod supporting system, and barbs on the anchor head of the anchor rod tray can position the anchor rod in the drilled hole and ensure that the rod body is well centered; the tray can be pressed on the surface of the surrounding rock by applying a certain torque to the nut, the pretightening force is provided for the anchor rod, and the pretightening force is diffused into the rock mass around the anchor rod, so that the stress state of the surrounding rock is improved, the sliding of the structural surface of the surrounding rock or the opening of joint cracks is inhibited, and the supporting effect of the anchor rod is realized.
Example 1
In one or more embodiments, an intelligent anchor rod pretension applying system is disclosed, and in combination with fig. 1, the intelligent anchor rod pretension applying system specifically includes:
(1) The intelligent monitoring device is used for acquiring deformation of the anchor rod tray 3 before and after the pre-tightening force is applied, and obtaining the current pre-tightening force of the anchor rod 2 based on a database of the corresponding relation between the deformation and the pre-tightening force.
In the embodiment, the corresponding relation between the deformation and the pretightening force of different anchor rod trays is prestored in a corresponding relation database of the deformation and the pretightening force; the corresponding relations are obtained based on a large amount of indoor tests or collection of a large amount of test data, and the corresponding relations are established and stored in a database by acquiring the deformation of the anchor rod tray of the anchor rods with different types, different materials and different sizes and the corresponding pretightening force data.
The intelligent monitoring device of the embodiment comprises a non-contact deformation measuring device 5 and a first microcontroller, wherein the non-contact deformation measuring device 5 can adopt a three-dimensional laser scanning or vision acquisition device and the like; the non-contact deformation measuring device 5 is installed at a predetermined position (e.g., fixed to the installation frame 6) for detecting the displacement variation of the fixed position of the anchor tray 3.
As a specific example, in this embodiment, N feature points are established on the surface of the anchor rod tray 3, displacement variation amounts of the N feature points before and after the application of the pretightening force are measured by the non-contact deformation measuring device 5, and the average value of the displacement variation amounts of all the feature points before and after the application of the pretightening force is calculated by the first microcontroller and is used as the deformation amount of the anchor rod tray 3; thus, the deformation of the anchor rod tray can be obtained more accurately.
The calculation formula of the deformation of the anchor rod tray is as follows:
；
wherein,for the deformation of the anchor rod tray->The displacement variation of the ith characteristic point of the anchor rod tray before and after the ith characteristic point is preloaded is shown. The displacement variation in this embodiment may be calculated according to the coordinate variation of each feature point in the direction parallel to the anchor rod, and of course, other calculation modes may be selected according to actual needs.
In this embodiment, the selection of the N feature points is specifically: the center of the anchor rod tray is taken as an origin, 1/2 of the radius of the anchor rod tray is taken as a radius, N points are uniformly selected in the circumferential direction, and projection points of the N points on the surface of the anchor rod tray are taken as N characteristic points.
The corresponding relation database of the deformation and the pretightening force is pre-stored in a first microcontroller, and the first microcontroller correspondingly obtains the pretightening force from the database according to the calculated deformation of the anchor rod tray.
The first microcontroller is communicated with the intelligent control device 12, and the first microcontroller can transmit the obtained pretightening force to the intelligent control device 12; of course, in some embodiments, the functions of the first microcontroller may also be combined into the intelligent control device, where the functions of the first microcontroller are implemented by the intelligent control device without separately providing the first microcontroller.
(2) The intelligent control device 12 is configured to receive the current pre-tightening force of the anchor rod sent by the intelligent monitoring device, determine a difference value between the current pre-tightening force and a preset pre-tightening force, and if the difference value is greater than a set threshold value f, control the anchor rod drawing device to provide a drawing force for the anchor rod according to the difference value; if the difference is smaller than the set threshold f, the torque required to be applied by the quantitative knob device 4 is calculated according to the difference, so as to control the quantitative knob device 4 to apply the required pretightening force to the anchor rod.
In this embodiment, the preset pretightening force is determined according to the actual condition of the anchor rod, and the set threshold f is also set according to the actual requirement. The difference between the current pretightening force and the preset pretightening force represents the pretightening force which needs to be applied by the anchor rod; it will be appreciated that the current preload is herein less than the preset preload. If the difference value of the two is larger, the pulling force is provided for the anchor rod through the anchor rod pulling device, so that larger pretightening force can be applied, and the pretightening force applied to the anchor rod 2 can be adjusted faster; if the difference value of the two is smaller, the pretightening force is finely adjusted through the quantitative knob device 4, and the pretightening force can be adjusted to be preset without applying larger torque.
(3) The anchor rod drawing device is used for receiving a control command of the intelligent control device 12 and applying axial drawing force to the anchor rod 2 according to the control command.
The anchor rod drawing device specifically comprises a hydraulic driving unit and a second microcontroller, wherein the second microcontroller is communicated with the intelligent control device 12, the intelligent control device 12 sends a control signal to the second microcontroller according to the pretightening force required by the anchor rod, and then the second microcontroller controls the hydraulic driving unit to apply drawing force with the same magnitude as the pretightening force required by the anchor rod according to the received control signal, so that the pretightening force of the anchor rod reaches the preset pretightening force requirement.
Of course, in some embodiments, the functions of the second microcontroller may also be combined with the intelligent control device 12, where the functions of the second microcontroller are implemented by the intelligent control device without separately providing the second microcontroller.
In the embodiment, an anchor rod tray 3 is sleeved on an anchor rod and is contacted with surrounding rock 1, a quantitative knob device 4 is arranged at the outer side of the anchor rod tray 3, and a hydraulic driving unit is arranged at the outer side of the anchor rod tray 3; in this embodiment, one side close to the surrounding rock 1 is taken as the inner side, and the other side is taken as the outer side.
The hydraulic drive unit is used for exerting the pulling force of axial outside to stock 2, and the hydraulic drive unit specifically includes: the device comprises an installation frame 6 fixedly erected on the surrounding rock 1, a drawing counter-force beam 7, hydraulic cylinders respectively arranged at two ends of the drawing counter-force beam 7, and a lock cavity arranged in the middle of the drawing counter-force beam 7; the anchor rod 2 passes through the mounting frame 6 and extends into a lock cavity, a lock sleeve 9 is arranged in the lock cavity, a locking plate 8 matched with the lock sleeve 9 and a spring arranged at the tail end of the locking plate 8; the lock sleeve 9 is connected with the drawing counterforce beam 7, the locking plate 8 is arranged in the lock sleeve 9, and the tail end of the locking plate 8 is connected with a spring; the hydraulic cylinders at two ends of the drawing counter-force beam 7 are provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, the oil inlet and the oil outlet are respectively connected with an oil pipe 10, and the oil pipe 10 is connected with a hydraulic oil source 11.
When the drawing force is applied, the anchor rod 2 is locked through the locking plate 8, oil is injected into the two hydraulic cylinders through the oil inlet, the hydraulic cylinders are driven to extend towards the direction close to surrounding rock and are abutted to the mounting frame 6, and the drawing counter-force beam 7 moves along the anchor rod towards the direction opposite to the extending direction of the hydraulic cylinders under the counter-force, so that a certain drawing force is provided for the anchor rod.
In the process of applying the drawing force through the anchor rod drawing device, certain stress loss is often generated, and the preset pretightening force requirement possibly cannot be met, so that the pretightening force applied by the anchor rod can be finally achieved by fine adjustment through applying certain torque through the quantitative knob device 4; the torque applied by the dosing knob device 4 is small and easy to operate.
(4) The quantitative knob device 4 comprises a nut sleeved on the anchor rod 2 and an intelligent quantitative wrench sleeved on the nut, wherein the intelligent quantitative wrench can receive a torque signal sent by the intelligent control device 12, and the screwing of the nut and the anchor rod is automatically controlled according to the torque signal.
In this embodiment, the nut is disposed on the outer side of the anchor rod tray 3, and the nut is tightened to enable the anchor rod 2 to maintain the pretightening force provided by the anchor rod drawing device, and meanwhile, if the pretightening force does not reach the preset pretightening force requirement yet, additional pretightening force can be provided by applying torque through the nut, and finally, the pretightening force applied by the anchor rod reaches the preset pretightening force requirement.
The intelligent quantitative wrench comprises a third microcontroller and an automatic wrench, wherein the third microcontroller is communicated with the intelligent control device 12, and can receive a torque signal sent by the intelligent control device 12, calculate the number of turns required to rotate the nut according to the torque signal, and then control the automatic wrench to drive the nut to rotate the required number of turns.
The number of turns of the nut required to rotate is calculated according to the torque signal, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
；
wherein n is the number of turns required by the nut, M is the torque,dthe pitch is L, the length of the anchor rod, E is the elastic modulus of the anchor rod, and A is the sectional area of the anchor rod.
The automatic wrench in this embodiment may be implemented by using a product existing in the prior art, such as a pneumatic wrench or an electric wrench, where the automatic wrench receives a command of the number of rotations sent by the third microcontroller, and can automatically drive the nut to rotate for the required number of rotations.
Similarly, the functions of the third microcontroller may be integrated into the intelligent control device 12, and the functions of the third microcontroller may be realized by the intelligent control device 12 without separately providing the third microcontroller.
Of course, the intelligent quantitative wrench of the embodiment can automatically calculate the rotation number of the nut according to the manually preset torque, so as to realize the screwing of the nut.
According to the intelligent anchor rod pretightening force applying system, the current pretightening force of the anchor rod can be automatically obtained based on the deformation of the anchor rod tray, then the drawing force is automatically adjusted based on the current pretightening force, the number of rotation turns of the nut is automatically calculated, and therefore the preset pretightening force is applied to the anchor rod, and meanwhile quantitative intelligent tightening of the nut is achieved; according to the method, the device and the system, through common adjustment of the drawing force and the nut, the pretightening force applied by the anchor rod finally reaches the preset pretightening force requirement, accurate judgment on the pretightening force can be achieved, meanwhile, the problems of large applied torque and large pretightening force loss caused by simply using the nut to apply torque are solved, and automatic quantitative application and maintenance of pretightening force are achieved.
Example two
In one or more embodiments, an intelligent method for applying a pre-tightening force of an anchor rod is disclosed, and in combination with fig. 2, the method specifically includes:
step 1: and driving the anchor rod 2 into a preset drilling hole on surrounding rock, and cleaning up silt and dust of the anchor rod body. The anchor rod tray 3, the nut and the anchor rod drawing device are sleeved on the outer side of the anchor rod in sequence, wherein the intelligent quantitative wrench sleeve is arranged on the outer portion of the nut and is matched with the nut in shape. After the anchor rod construction is completed, a drawing force is provided for the anchor rod through a hydraulic driving unit so as to apply initial pretightening force.
Step 2: and acquiring deformation of the anchor rod tray before and after the pre-tightening force is applied in real time, and obtaining the current first pre-tightening force of the anchor rod based on a database of the corresponding relation between the deformation and the pre-tightening force.
The deformation of the anchor rod tray before and after the pre-tightening force is applied is obtained in real time, and the concrete process is as follows:
n characteristic points are selected in advance on the surface of the anchor rod tray, displacement variation of the N characteristic points before and after the pretightening force is applied is measured through a non-contact deformation measuring device, and the average value of all characteristic point displacement variation is calculated and used as the deformation of the anchor rod tray.
The selection of the N characteristic points is specifically as follows: and uniformly selecting N points in the circumferential direction by taking the center of the anchor rod tray as an origin and 1/2 of the radius of the anchor rod tray as a radius, wherein the projection points of the N points on the surface of the anchor rod tray are taken as N characteristic points.
Step 3: based on the first pretightening force, controlling the hydraulic driving unit to adjust the drawing force on the anchor rod; obtaining the current second pretightening force of the anchor rod according to the deformation of the anchor rod tray, comparing the second pretightening force with the preset pretightening force, and continuously adjusting the drawing force of the anchor rod if the difference value of the second pretightening force and the preset pretightening force is larger than a set threshold value f; if the difference value of the two is smaller than the set threshold value f, calculating the torque required to be applied by the nut based on the difference value, and automatically controlling the screwing of the nut and the anchor rod according to the calculation result; finally, the pretightening force applied to the anchor rod reaches the preset pretightening force requirement.
Step 4: and stopping oil delivery to the hydraulic driving unit, carrying out oil return unloading, loosening the anchor rod and finishing anchor withdrawal.
The specific implementation of the above process is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent anchor rod pre-tightening force application system, which is characterized by comprising:
the intelligent monitoring device is used for acquiring deformation of the anchor rod tray before and after the pre-tightening force is applied, obtaining the current pre-tightening force of the anchor rod based on the deformation and pre-tightening force corresponding relation database and sending the current pre-tightening force to the intelligent control device; the corresponding relation between the deformation of the tray of different anchor rods and the pretightening force is prestored in the corresponding relation database of the deformation and the pretightening force;
the intelligent control device is used for receiving the current pretightening force of the anchor rod sent by the intelligent monitoring device, judging the difference value between the current pretightening force and the preset pretightening force, and controlling the anchor rod drawing device to provide drawing force for the anchor rod according to the difference value if the difference value is larger than a set threshold value; if the difference value is smaller than the set threshold value, calculating the torque required to be applied by the quantitative knob device according to the difference value so as to control the quantitative knob device to apply the required pretightening force to the anchor rod;
the anchor rod drawing device is used for receiving a control command of the intelligent control device and applying axial drawing force to the anchor rod according to the control command;
the quantitative knob device comprises a nut sleeved on the anchor rod and an intelligent quantitative wrench sleeved on the nut, wherein the intelligent quantitative wrench can receive a torque signal sent by the intelligent control device, and the screwing of the nut and the anchor rod is automatically controlled according to the torque signal.
2. The intelligent anchor rod pre-tightening force applying system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the intelligent monitoring device obtains deformation of the anchor rod tray before and after the pre-tightening force is applied, and the intelligent monitoring device comprises the following specific processes:
n characteristic points are selected in advance on the surface of the anchor rod tray, displacement variation of the N characteristic points before and after the pretightening force is applied is measured through a non-contact deformation measuring device, and the average value of all characteristic point displacement variation is calculated and used as the deformation of the anchor rod tray.
3. The intelligent anchor rod pretightening force applying system according to claim 2, wherein the selection of the N feature points is specifically: and uniformly selecting N points in the circumferential direction by taking the center of the anchor rod tray as an origin and 1/2 of the radius of the anchor rod tray as a radius, wherein the projection points of the N points on the surface of the anchor rod tray are taken as N characteristic points.
4. An intelligent bolt pretensioning force application system according to claim 1, wherein the bolt pulling apparatus includes a hydraulic drive unit including: the device comprises an installing frame fixedly erected on surrounding rock, a drawing counter-force beam, hydraulic cylinders respectively arranged at two ends of the drawing counter-force beam, and a lock cavity arranged in the middle of the drawing counter-force beam;
the anchor rod penetrates through the mounting frame and extends into the lock cavity, and a lock sleeve, a lock plate matched with the lock sleeve and a spring arranged at the tail end of the lock plate are arranged in the lock cavity; the lock sleeve is connected with the drawing counter-force beam, the locking plate is arranged in the lock sleeve, and the tail end of the locking plate is connected with the spring; and the hydraulic cylinders at the two ends of the drawing reaction beam are respectively connected with an oil pipe, and the oil pipe is connected with a hydraulic oil source.
5. The intelligent anchor rod pretightening force applying system according to claim 4, wherein the anchor rod is locked by a locking plate; through oiling in to the pneumatic cylinder, can make the pneumatic cylinder stretch out and with the installation frame butt for draw counter-force crossbeam to the opposite direction of pneumatic cylinder direction of stretching out and remove, thereby provide the pulling force for the stock.
6. The intelligent anchor rod pretightening force applying system as defined in claim 1, wherein the anchor rod tray is sleeved on the anchor rod and is contacted with the surrounding rock, and the quantitative knob device is arranged on the outer side of the anchor rod tray.
7. The intelligent anchor rod pretightening force applying system as defined in claim 1, wherein the intelligent quantitative wrench automatically controls the screwing of the nut and the anchor rod according to the torque signal, specifically:
and calculating the required number of turns of the nut according to the torque signal, and then driving the nut to rotate.
8. The intelligent anchor rod pre-tightening force applying system according to claim 7, wherein the number of turns of the nut required to rotate is calculated according to the torque signal, specifically:
；
wherein n is the number of turns required by the nut, M is the torque,dthe pitch is L, the length of the anchor rod, E is the elastic modulus of the anchor rod, and A is the sectional area of the anchor rod.
9. An intelligent anchor rod pretightening force applying method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after the anchor rod construction is completed, a drawing force is provided for the anchor rod through an anchor rod drawing device so as to apply an initial pretightening force;
the deformation of the anchor rod tray before and after the pre-tightening force is applied is obtained in real time, and the current first pre-tightening force of the anchor rod is obtained based on a database of the corresponding relation between the deformation and the pre-tightening force;
controlling the anchor rod drawing device to adjust the drawing force on the anchor rod based on the first pretightening force; obtaining the current second pre-tightening force of the anchor rod according to the deformation of the tray, comparing the second pre-tightening force with the preset pre-tightening force, and continuously adjusting the drawing force of the anchor rod if the difference value of the second pre-tightening force and the preset pre-tightening force is larger than a set threshold value; if the difference value of the two is smaller than the set threshold value, calculating the torque required to be applied by the nut based on the difference value, and automatically controlling the screwing of the nut and the anchor rod according to the calculation result; finally, the pretightening force applied to the anchor rod reaches the preset pretightening force requirement.
10. The intelligent anchor rod pre-tightening force applying method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the deformation amount of the anchor rod tray before and after the pre-tightening force is applied is obtained in real time, specifically:
n characteristic points are selected in advance on the surface of the anchor rod tray, displacement variation of the N characteristic points before and after the pre-tightening force is applied is measured through a non-contact deformation measuring device, and the average value of all characteristic point displacement variation is calculated and used as the deformation of the anchor rod tray; the selection of the N feature points specifically includes: and uniformly selecting N points in the circumferential direction by taking the center of the anchor rod tray as an origin and 1/2 of the radius of the anchor rod tray as a radius, wherein the projection points of the N points on the surface of the anchor rod tray are taken as N characteristic points.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103016037A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-03 | 山东大学 | Novel yielding anchor rod elastic round tray for displaying pre-tightening force and use method thereof |
| CN204200253U (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-03-11 | 徐州恒佳机械科技有限公司 | Apply the device of bolt pretension |
| US20190169987A1 (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-06-06 | China University Of Mining And Technology | Anchoring method utilizing self-drilling and self-anchoring extendable anchor rod applicable to soft and weak coal rocks |
| CN116181385A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-05-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Anchor rod yielding and prestress monitoring integrated device and application method thereof |
| CN116291650A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-06-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Two-section type yielding anchor rod device and method capable of monitoring pretightening force |
| CN117433907A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-01-23 | 山东科技大学 | Glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor rod anchoring force in-situ testing device and method |
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2024
- 2024-02-21 CN CN202410190747.1A patent/CN117738744B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103016037A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-03 | 山东大学 | Novel yielding anchor rod elastic round tray for displaying pre-tightening force and use method thereof |
| CN204200253U (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-03-11 | 徐州恒佳机械科技有限公司 | Apply the device of bolt pretension |
| US20190169987A1 (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-06-06 | China University Of Mining And Technology | Anchoring method utilizing self-drilling and self-anchoring extendable anchor rod applicable to soft and weak coal rocks |
| CN116181385A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-05-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Anchor rod yielding and prestress monitoring integrated device and application method thereof |
| CN116291650A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-06-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Two-section type yielding anchor rod device and method capable of monitoring pretightening force |
| CN117433907A (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-01-23 | 山东科技大学 | Glass fiber reinforced plastic anchor rod anchoring force in-situ testing device and method |
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