CN117735941B - Preparation method of lightweight concrete aerated building block - Google Patents
Preparation method of lightweight concrete aerated building block Download PDFInfo
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- CN117735941B CN117735941B CN202410191429.7A CN202410191429A CN117735941B CN 117735941 B CN117735941 B CN 117735941B CN 202410191429 A CN202410191429 A CN 202410191429A CN 117735941 B CN117735941 B CN 117735941B
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 52
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 51
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006196 deacetylation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003381 deacetylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004872 foam stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 108010053481 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a lightweight concrete aerated block, belonging to the field of building materials. The concrete aerated block prepared by the invention has good freezing resistance, and the mass average loss rate after freezing and the strength average loss rate after freezing of the block are detected according to the method in GB/T119688-2020, wherein the mass average loss rate after freezing is 1.65-1.71%, and the strength average loss rate after freezing is 3.09-3.21%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a lightweight concrete aerated block, and belongs to the field of building materials.
Background
The aerated concrete block is a lightweight porous material, has bubbles with different numbers, is in a round hole structure, and comprises cement, lime, gypsum, fine silicate materials, aluminum powder and the like as production raw materials, wherein the aluminum powder is used as an air generating agent for air entrainment, and due to the existence of pores, the density of the material can be reduced, and the aerated concrete block is suitable for filling walls of high-rise buildings and bearing walls of low-rise buildings, and can improve the shock resistance of the buildings while reducing the dead weight of the buildings.
The aerated concrete block is a brittle material, has lower density due to the existence of pores, has more obvious brittleness, is low in splitting tensile strength, can cause cracking of the material even by small deformation when being subjected to tensile force, and can not generate residual deformation before cracking, and the aerated concrete block is generally independent of the tensile strength during working, but the tensile strength is an important index for determining the cracking resistance of the aerated concrete block in structural design, and has important significance for cracking resistance.
In the prior art, in order to improve the splitting tensile strength of a concrete aerated concrete block, a fiber reinforced method is generally adopted, CN102206095A discloses an aerated concrete block, the tensile strength of an aerated concrete internal structure can be improved to a certain extent through the reinforcement of polypropylene fibers, CN111704377A discloses a fiber reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete block and a production method thereof, a proper amount of polyvinyl alcohol fibers are added into raw materials of the autoclaved aerated concrete block, the compressive strength of the material is improved, polymer fibers are added into the two prior arts to strengthen the high concrete aerated block, but the compatibility of the polymer fibers and inorganic gel materials is poor, the distribution of the polymer fibers in the block is uneven, the strength of the material is uneven, and the polymer fibers cause great harm to human bodies and the environment when the block is produced, used or treated as waste.
In the prior art, a method for reinforcing a concrete aerated concrete block by using natural fibers is also disclosed in CN105439614A, and the autoclaved aerated concrete block with high splitting tensile strength is prepared by performing a series of treatments on the wheat straw fibers, so that the splitting tensile strength of the product is improved, but the strength improvement is smaller, the splitting pressure is lower, and meanwhile, the prepared high concrete aerated concrete block has poorer performance at low temperature due to the limitation of the nature of the natural fibers, and is shown to have larger compressive strength loss rate after repeated freeze thawing cycles.
In summary, in the high concrete aerated block in the prior art, natural fibers can be used for enhancing the block under the condition of reducing the harm to human bodies and environment, so that the splitting tensile strength of the block is improved, but the strength improvement is smaller, the splitting pressure of the block is lower, and meanwhile, the loss rate of the compressive strength of the block at low temperature is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and the special treatment is carried out on chitosan fibers to further carry out activated pulping, so that the aerated concrete block is finally prepared, and the strength loss rate of the block at low temperature is reduced while the splitting tensile strength and splitting pressure ratio of the block are improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a lightweight concrete aerated block comprises the steps of treating chitosan fibers with magnesium acetate, activating and pulping, and mixing and aerating.
The following is a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
Mixing chitosan fibers, ethylene glycol and deionized water, controlling the temperature to be 48-54 ℃, controlling the rotation speed to be 105-145r/min, stirring for 12-18min to obtain a mixed solution, slowly dripping a magnesium acetate aqueous solution into the mixed solution, dripping 4-6wt% of the total amount of the magnesium acetate per minute, controlling the temperature to be unchanged after dripping, reducing the rotation speed to be 65-85r/min, stirring for 220-250min, washing with the ethylene glycol after stirring, and drying to obtain the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fibers;
The deacetylation degree of the chitosan fiber is 15-18%, the average molecular weight is 3.2-4.1 x 10 5, the diameter is 15-25 μm, and the length is 5-7mm;
The mass ratio of the chitosan fiber to the glycol to the deionized water is 6.5-7.5:32-38:28-32;
the mass ratio of the magnesium acetate aqueous solution to the mixed solution is 10:21-25;
The concentration of the magnesium acetate aqueous solution is 7.5-8.5wt% and the solvent is deionized water.
The method for activating and pulping comprises the steps of stirring and uniformly mixing fly ash, sodium chloroplatinate and molybdenum disulfide to obtain a mixture, controlling the temperature to be 72-78 ℃, carrying out constant temperature treatment on the mixture in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the constant temperature treatment time is 7.5-8.5h, stirring the mixture once every 50-70min in the constant temperature treatment time, adding magnesium acetate to treat chitosan fibers and deionized water into the mixture after the constant temperature treatment is finished, controlling the temperature unchanged, carrying out constant temperature treatment again, and stirring the mixture once every 50-70min in the constant temperature treatment time to obtain activated slurry;
The mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium chloroplatinate to the molybdenum disulfide is 350-400:5-7:1.8-2.2;
The particle size of the fly ash is 32-37 mu m, the silicon dioxide content is 53.7-56.4wt%, and the aluminum oxide content is 23.8-25.6wt%;
The mass ratio of the mixture to the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fiber to the deionized water is 230-280:0.8-1.2:30-40;
The method for mixing and aerating comprises the steps of uniformly mixing activated slurry, cement, phosphogypsum, quicklime and deionized water to obtain mixed slurry, controlling the stirring speed to be 40-60r/min, stirring until the temperature of the slurry is 41-44 ℃, adding aluminum powder and foam stabilizer, controlling the stirring speed to be 250-350r/min, rapidly stirring to uniformly mix all materials, pouring the materials into a grinding tool, naturally curing the materials for 3.5-4.5h, naturally curing the materials, demolding, controlling the pressure to be 0.04-0.06MPa after demolding, controlling the temperature to be 165-175 ℃, carrying out low-pressure curing, controlling the curing time to be 40-50min, controlling the pressure rise time to be 70-80min, controlling the temperature to be 172-178 ℃ after the pressure rise to be 1.43-1.52MPa, carrying out high-pressure curing, controlling the pressure drop time to be 150-170min, and reducing the pressure drop time to be 30-40min to normal pressure to obtain a concrete aerated block;
The mass ratio of the activated slurry to the cement to the phosphogypsum to the quicklime to the deionized water to the aluminum powder to the foam stabilizer is 774-856:86-112:45-55:210-240:627-739:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2;
The cement is R42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement;
The model of the foam stabilizer is DX560, belongs to a nonionic surfactant foam stabilizer, and is purchased from Dexu New Material Co., ltd;
The density of the concrete aerated block is 508-525kg/m 3.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The concrete aerated building block prepared by the invention has high strength, the cube compressive strength, the axle center compressive strength, the splitting tensile strength and the flexural strength of the building block are detected according to the method in GB/T50081-2019, the splitting pressure ratio of the building block is calculated according to the cube compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength, the cube compressive strength is 6.37-6.44MPa, the axle center compressive strength is 5.78-5.84MPa, the splitting tensile strength is 0.80-0.84MPa, the flexural strength is 1.02-1.05MPa, and the splitting pressure ratio is 0.125-0.130;
The concrete aerated block prepared by the invention has good freezing resistance, and the mass average loss rate after freezing and the strength average loss rate after freezing of the block are detected according to the method in GB/T119688-2020, wherein the mass average loss rate after freezing is 1.65-1.71%, and the strength average loss rate after freezing is 3.09-3.21%;
the concrete aerated building block prepared by the invention has good heat insulation performance, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the building block is detected according to the method in GB/T119688-2020 and is 0.10-0.11W/(m.K);
The water absorption of the concrete aerated building block prepared by the invention is low, and the water absorption of the building block is detected to be 46.9-47.5% according to the method in GB/T50081-2019.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Treatment of chitosan fibers with magnesium acetate
Mixing chitosan fiber, ethylene glycol and deionized water, controlling the temperature to be 52 ℃, controlling the rotating speed to be 120r/min, stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed solution, slowly dripping a magnesium acetate aqueous solution into the mixed solution, dripping 5wt% of the total amount of magnesium acetate per minute, controlling the temperature to be unchanged after dripping is completed, reducing the rotating speed to 75r/min, stirring for 240min, washing with ethylene glycol after stirring is completed, and drying to obtain the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fiber;
The deacetylation degree of the chitosan fiber is 16%, the average molecular weight is 3.5 x 10 5, the diameter is 20 mu m, and the length is 6mm;
the mass ratio of the chitosan fiber to the glycol to the deionized water is 7:35:30;
The mass ratio of the magnesium acetate aqueous solution to the mixed solution is 10:23;
the concentration of the magnesium acetate aqueous solution is 8wt%, and the solvent is deionized water.
(2) Activated pulping
Stirring and uniformly mixing the fly ash, sodium chloroplatinate and molybdenum disulfide to obtain a mixture, controlling the temperature to be 75 ℃, carrying out constant temperature treatment on the mixture under the nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the constant temperature treatment time is 8 hours, stirring the mixture once every 60 minutes in the constant temperature treatment time, adding magnesium acetate to treat chitosan fibers and deionized water into the mixture after the constant temperature treatment is finished, controlling the temperature unchanged, carrying out constant temperature treatment again, and carrying out constant temperature treatment for 3 hours, stirring the mixture once every 60 minutes in the constant temperature treatment time, and obtaining activated slurry after the constant temperature treatment is finished;
the mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium chloroplatinate to the molybdenum disulfide is 375:6:2;
the particle size of the fly ash is 35 mu m, the content of silicon dioxide is 55.2wt percent, and the content of aluminum oxide is 24.1wt percent;
The mass ratio of the mixture to the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fiber to the deionized water is 250:1:35;
(3) Mixed air-entraining
Uniformly mixing activated slurry, cement, phosphogypsum, quicklime and deionized water to obtain mixed slurry, controlling the stirring speed to be 50r/min, stirring, adding aluminum powder and a foam stabilizer when the temperature of the slurry is 42 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to be 300r/min, rapidly stirring to uniformly mix all materials, pouring the materials into a grinding tool, naturally curing for 4h, demolding after natural curing, controlling the pressure to be 0.05MPa after demolding, controlling the temperature to be 170 ℃, performing low-pressure curing, curing time to be 45min, controlling the boosting time to be 75min, controlling the temperature to be 175 ℃ after the pressure is increased to be 160min, controlling the depressurization time to be 35min, and cooling to normal pressure and normal temperature to obtain a concrete aerated block;
the mass ratio of the activated slurry to the cement to the phosphogypsum to the quicklime to the deionized water to the aluminum powder to the foam stabilizer is 820:102:50:230:685:1:1;
The cement is R42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement;
The model of the foam stabilizer is DX560, belongs to a nonionic surfactant foam stabilizer, and is purchased from Dexu New Material Co., ltd;
The density of the concrete aerated block is 517kg/m 3.
Example 2
(1) Treatment of chitosan fibers with magnesium acetate
Mixing chitosan fiber, ethylene glycol and deionized water, controlling the temperature to be 48 ℃, controlling the rotating speed to be 145r/min, stirring for 12min to obtain a mixed solution, slowly dripping a magnesium acetate aqueous solution into the mixed solution, dripping 4wt% of the total amount of magnesium acetate per minute, controlling the temperature to be unchanged after dripping, reducing the rotating speed to 65r/min, stirring for 250min, washing with ethylene glycol after stirring, and drying to obtain the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fiber;
The deacetylation degree of the chitosan fiber is 15%, the average molecular weight is 4.1 x 10 5, the diameter is 15 μm, and the length is 7mm;
The mass ratio of the chitosan fiber to the glycol to the deionized water is 6.5:32:28;
The mass ratio of the magnesium acetate aqueous solution to the mixed solution is 10:21;
the concentration of the magnesium acetate aqueous solution is 7.5wt%, and the solvent is deionized water.
(2) Activated pulping
Stirring and uniformly mixing the fly ash, sodium chloroplatinate and molybdenum disulfide to obtain a mixture, controlling the temperature to be 72 ℃, carrying out constant temperature treatment on the mixture under the nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the constant temperature treatment time is 8.5h, stirring the mixture once every 70min, adding magnesium acetate to treat chitosan fibers and deionized water after the constant temperature treatment is finished, controlling the temperature unchanged, carrying out constant temperature treatment again, and stirring the mixture once every 70min within the constant temperature treatment time to obtain activated slurry after the constant temperature treatment is finished;
The mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium chloroplatinate to the molybdenum disulfide is 350:5:1.8;
the particle size of the fly ash is 32 mu m, the silicon dioxide content is 53.7wt% and the aluminum oxide content is 25.6wt%;
The mass ratio of the mixture to the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fiber to the deionized water is 230:0.8:30;
(3) Mixed air-entraining
Uniformly mixing activated slurry, cement, phosphogypsum, quicklime and deionized water to obtain mixed slurry, controlling the stirring speed to be 40r/min, stirring, adding aluminum powder and a foam stabilizer when the temperature of the slurry is 41 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to be 250r/min, rapidly stirring to uniformly mix all materials, pouring the materials into a grinding tool, naturally curing for 4.5h, demolding after natural curing, controlling the pressure to be 0.04MPa after demolding, controlling the temperature to be 165 ℃, performing low-pressure curing, curing time to be 50min, controlling the pressure rise time to be 70min, controlling the temperature to be 172 ℃ after the pressure rise to be 1.52MPa, performing high-pressure curing, curing time to be 170min, controlling the depressurization time to be 40min, and reducing to normal pressure and normal temperature to obtain a concrete aerated block;
the mass ratio of the activated slurry to the cement to the phosphogypsum to the quicklime to the deionized water to the aluminum powder to the foam stabilizer is 774:86:45:210:627:0.8:0.8;
The cement is R42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement;
The model of the foam stabilizer is DX560, belongs to a nonionic surfactant foam stabilizer, and is purchased from Dexu New Material Co., ltd;
The density of the concrete aerated block is 508kg/m 3.
Example 3
(1) Treatment of chitosan fibers with magnesium acetate
Mixing chitosan fiber, ethylene glycol and deionized water, controlling the temperature to be 54 ℃, controlling the rotating speed to be 105r/min, stirring for 18min to obtain a mixed solution, slowly dripping a magnesium acetate aqueous solution into the mixed solution, dripping 6wt% of the total amount of magnesium acetate per minute, controlling the temperature to be unchanged after dripping, reducing the rotating speed to be 85r/min, stirring for 220min, washing with ethylene glycol after stirring, and drying to obtain the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fiber;
The deacetylation degree of the chitosan fiber is 18%, the average molecular weight is 3.2 x 10 5, the diameter is 25 μm, and the length is 5mm;
The mass ratio of the chitosan fiber to the glycol to the deionized water is 7.5:38:32;
the mass ratio of the magnesium acetate aqueous solution to the mixed solution is 10:25;
the concentration of the magnesium acetate aqueous solution is 8.5wt%, and the solvent is deionized water.
(2) Activated pulping
Stirring and uniformly mixing the fly ash, sodium chloroplatinate and molybdenum disulfide to obtain a mixture, controlling the temperature to be 78 ℃, carrying out constant temperature treatment on the mixture under the nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the constant temperature treatment time is 7.5h, stirring the mixture once every 50min, adding magnesium acetate to treat chitosan fibers and deionized water after the constant temperature treatment is finished, controlling the temperature unchanged, carrying out constant temperature treatment again, and stirring the mixture once every 50min within the constant temperature treatment time to obtain activated slurry after the constant temperature treatment is finished;
The mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium chloroplatinate to the molybdenum disulfide is 400:7:2.2;
The particle size of the fly ash is 37 mu m, the silicon dioxide content is 56.4wt percent, and the aluminum oxide content is 23.8wt percent;
The mass ratio of the mixture to the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fiber to the deionized water is 280:1.2:40;
(3) Mixed air-entraining
Uniformly mixing activated slurry, cement, phosphogypsum, quicklime and deionized water to obtain mixed slurry, controlling the stirring speed to be 60r/min, stirring, adding aluminum powder and a foam stabilizer when the temperature of the slurry is 44 ℃, controlling the stirring speed to be 350r/min, rapidly stirring to uniformly mix all materials, pouring the materials into a grinding tool, naturally curing for 3.5h, demolding after natural curing, controlling the pressure to be 0.06MPa after demolding, controlling the temperature to be 175 ℃, performing low-pressure curing, curing time to be 40min, controlling the pressure rising time to be 880min, controlling the temperature to be 178 ℃ after the pressure rising to be 150min, controlling the depressurization time to be 30min, and reducing to normal pressure and normal temperature to obtain a concrete aerated block;
The mass ratio of the activated slurry to the cement to the phosphogypsum to the quicklime to the deionized water to the aluminum powder to the foam stabilizer is 856:112:55:240:739:1.2:1.2;
The cement is R42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement;
The model of the foam stabilizer is DX560, belongs to a nonionic surfactant foam stabilizer, and is purchased from Dexu New Material Co., ltd;
the density of the concrete aerated block is 525kg/m 3.
Comparative example 1
Unlike example 1, the step of treating chitosan fibers with magnesium acetate was omitted, and in the step of activated pulping, untreated chitosan fibers were used instead of magnesium acetate treated chitosan fibers to perform pulping, the amount was unchanged, and the remaining steps were the same, to prepare a concrete aerated block.
Comparative example 2
Unlike example 1, the activated pulping step was changed to the following operation:
Uniformly mixing fly ash, magnesium acetate treated chitosan fibers and deionized water, controlling the temperature to be 75 ℃, carrying out constant temperature treatment under nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the constant temperature treatment time is 8 hours, stirring the mixture every 60 minutes in the constant temperature treatment time, and obtaining activated slurry after the constant temperature treatment is finished;
the mass ratio of the fly ash to the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fiber to the deionized water is 250:1.5:52;
The rest steps are the same, and the concrete aerated block is prepared.
Example 4 Strength test
The concrete aerated blocks prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested for cube compressive strength, axial compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength according to the method in GB/T50081-2019, and the split ratio of the block was calculated by the cube compressive strength and the split tensile strength, the split ratio calculation formula being the split tensile strength divided by the cube compressive strength, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
In the embodiment 1-3, the chitosan fiber is subjected to special treatment, and is further subjected to activated pulping, so that the aerated concrete block is finally prepared, the cube compressive strength and the splitting compressive strength of the block are improved, and the splitting tensile strength is improved greatly, so that the splitting pressure ratio of the block is higher;
Comparative example 1 omits the step of treating chitosan fibers with magnesium acetate, uses untreated chitosan fibers instead of magnesium acetate to treat chitosan fibers in the step of activated pulping, performs pulping, and the cube compressive strength of the prepared building block is seriously reduced, the splitting tensile strength is seriously reduced, and the splitting ratio is low;
The comparative example 2 simplifies the step of activated pulping, only uniformly mixing the fly ash, the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fiber and the deionized water, and then carrying out constant temperature treatment, so that the cube compressive strength of the prepared building block is reduced to a certain extent, the splitting tensile strength is reduced to a certain extent, and the splitting ratio is low.
Example 5 anti-freeze Performance test
The aerated concrete blocks prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested for average loss rate of mass after freezing and average loss rate of strength after freezing according to the method in GB/T119688-2020, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
In the embodiment 1-3, the chitosan fiber is subjected to special treatment, and is further subjected to activated pulping, so that the aerated concrete block is finally prepared, the frost resistance of the block is improved, the average loss rate of the frozen mass of the block is small, and the average loss rate of the frozen strength is small;
Comparative example 1 omits the step of treating chitosan fibers with magnesium acetate, and in the step of activated pulping, untreated chitosan fibers are used to replace magnesium acetate to treat chitosan fibers for pulping, so that the prepared building block has poor freezing resistance, large average loss rate of frozen mass and large average loss rate of frozen strength;
the comparative example 2 simplifies the step of activated pulping, only the fly ash, the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fiber and the deionized water are uniformly mixed, and then the constant temperature treatment is carried out, so that the prepared building block has poor freezing resistance, the average loss rate of frozen mass of the building block is slightly higher than that of the example, and the average loss rate of frozen strength is larger.
Example 5 other Performance tests
The heat conductivity of the concrete aerated blocks prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were measured according to the method in GB/T119688-2020, the water absorption of the blocks was measured according to the method in GB/T50081-2019, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the lightweight concrete aerated block is characterized by comprising the steps of treating chitosan fibers with magnesium acetate, activating and pulping, and mixing and aerating;
Mixing chitosan fibers, ethylene glycol and deionized water, controlling the temperature to be 48-54 ℃, controlling the rotation speed to be 105-145r/min, stirring for 12-18min to obtain a mixed solution, slowly dripping a magnesium acetate aqueous solution into the mixed solution, dripping 4-6wt% of the total amount of the magnesium acetate per minute, controlling the temperature to be unchanged after dripping, reducing the rotation speed to be 65-85r/min, stirring for 220-250min, washing with the ethylene glycol after stirring, and drying to obtain the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fibers;
The mass ratio of the chitosan fiber to the glycol to the deionized water is 6.5-7.5:32-38:28-32;
the mass ratio of the magnesium acetate aqueous solution to the mixed solution is 10:21-25;
the concentration of the magnesium acetate aqueous solution is 7.5-8.5wt%, and the solvent is deionized water;
the method for activating and pulping comprises the steps of stirring and uniformly mixing fly ash, sodium chloroplatinate and molybdenum disulfide to obtain a mixture, controlling the temperature to be 72-78 ℃, carrying out constant temperature treatment on the mixture in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the constant temperature treatment time is 7.5-8.5h, stirring the mixture once every 50-70min in the constant temperature treatment time, adding magnesium acetate to treat chitosan fibers and deionized water into the mixture after the constant temperature treatment is finished, controlling the temperature unchanged, carrying out constant temperature treatment again, and stirring the mixture once every 50-70min in the constant temperature treatment time to obtain activated slurry;
The mass ratio of the fly ash to the sodium chloroplatinate to the molybdenum disulfide is 350-400:5-7:1.8-2.2;
The mass ratio of the mixture to the magnesium acetate treated chitosan fiber to the deionized water is 230-280:0.8-1.2:30-40;
The method for mixing and aerating comprises the steps of uniformly mixing activated slurry, cement, phosphogypsum, quicklime and deionized water to obtain mixed slurry, controlling the stirring speed to be 40-60r/min, stirring until the temperature of the slurry is 41-44 ℃, adding aluminum powder and foam stabilizer, controlling the stirring speed to be 250-350r/min, rapidly stirring to uniformly mix all materials, pouring the materials into a grinding tool, naturally curing the materials for 3.5-4.5h, naturally curing the materials, demolding, controlling the pressure to be 0.04-0.06MPa after demolding, controlling the temperature to be 165-175 ℃, carrying out low-pressure curing, controlling the curing time to be 40-50min, controlling the pressure rise time to be 70-80min, controlling the temperature to be 172-178 ℃ after the pressure rise to be 1.43-1.52MPa, carrying out high-pressure curing, controlling the pressure drop time to be 150-170min, and reducing the pressure drop time to be 30-40min to normal pressure to obtain a concrete aerated block;
the mass ratio of the activated slurry to the cement to the phosphogypsum to the quicklime to the deionized water to the aluminum powder to the foam stabilizer is 774-856:86-112:45-55:210-240:627-739:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2.
2. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated block according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
In the step of treating chitosan fibers by using magnesium acetate, the deacetylation degree of the chitosan fibers is 15-18%, the average molecular weight is 3.2-4.1X10 5, the diameter is 15-25 μm, and the length is 5-7mm.
3. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated block according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
In the step of activated pulping, the particle size of the fly ash is 32-37 mu m, the content of silicon dioxide is 53.7-56.4wt%, and the content of aluminum oxide is 23.8-25.6wt%.
4. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated block according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
in the mixing and aerating step, the cement is R42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement.
5. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated block according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
In the mixing and aerating step, the model of the foam stabilizer is DX560, and belongs to nonionic surfactant foam stabilizers.
6. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated block according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
in the mixing and aerating step, the density of the concrete aerated block is 508-525kg/m 3.
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