CN117731454A - Knee joint prosthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a knee joint prosthesis comprising: a tibial plateau; a shim prosthesis disposed above the tibial plateau; a femoral condyle prosthesis, which is connected with the tibia platform in a swinging way and is in sliding fit with the gasket prosthesis; a first connector coupled between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial plateau; and the limiting piece is arranged on the gasket prosthesis or the tibia platform and is in limiting fit with the first connecting piece so as to prevent the first connecting piece from being separated from the tibia platform. The technical scheme of this application has solved the connecting rod among the correlation technique easily with the problem of shin side prosthetic separation effectively.

Description

Knee joint prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of knee joint prostheses, in particular to a knee joint prosthesis.

Background

Artificial knee arthroplasty is one of the very rapidly growing fields of orthopedics, and the number of annual replacement cases in europe and america is remarkable. The survival rate of the artificial knee joint after replacement for a plurality of artificial knee joints for 10-15 years reaches or even exceeds 90 percent. In China, the wide application and development of artificial knee joint replacement are still less than 20 years. Thus, early typing of prosthetic indications for artificial knee joints is critical to achieving better clinical results. The artificial knee joint prosthesis with different limiting degrees has great differences among clinical indications, postoperative curative effects and complications, and whether the proper artificial knee joint prosthesis can be selected before the operation according to the illness state of a patient directly influences the quality of the postoperative treatment effect. The choice of the type of artificial knee prosthesis depends mainly on the basic lesions of the knee, the type and extent of deformity, the quality of the active (muscular) and passive (ligament, soft tissue) stabilizers of the knee, the individual condition of the patient, and the experience of the operator. Artificial knee prostheses generally include limiting prostheses, semi-limiting prostheses, and non-limiting prostheses.

Wherein the restriction prosthesis is a self-stabilizing prosthesis, i.e. without cruciate ligaments and/or collateral ligaments, the stability of the joint is maintained. Hinged knee joints are a concentrated representation of a limited knee prosthesis. The hinge allows for a constant relationship between the femoral and tibial components, and the varus and valgus angle and anterior-posterior position between the two components to be shaped at the time of manufacture. Unlike a true hinge type knee joint, such a prosthesis may allow little rotation of the knee joint.

In the related art, a femoral side prosthesis and a tibial side prosthesis of a hinged knee prosthesis are connected by a connecting rod. In order to enable the knee joint prosthesis to be implanted in a patient, the prosthesis can be more in line with the original physiological structure, the femur side prosthesis and the tibia side prosthesis can relatively slide, and meanwhile, the femur side prosthesis and the tibia side prosthesis can be separated by a certain distance, namely, the femur side prosthesis can generate tension on the connecting rod, so that the connecting structure between the connecting rod and the tibia side prosthesis can be subjected to tension, and after the knee joint prosthesis is used for a long time, the connecting structure can be damaged, and the connecting rod and the tibia side prosthesis are separated.

Disclosure of Invention

The main object of the present invention is to provide a knee joint prosthesis, which solves the problem that the connecting rod in the related art is easily separated from the tibial side prosthesis.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a knee joint prosthesis comprising: a tibial plateau; a shim prosthesis disposed above the tibial plateau; a femoral condyle prosthesis, which is connected with the tibia platform in a swinging way and is in sliding fit with the gasket prosthesis; a first connector coupled between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial plateau; and the limiting piece is arranged on the gasket prosthesis or the tibia platform and is in limiting fit with the first connecting piece so as to prevent the first connecting piece from being separated from the tibia platform.

Further, the first connecting piece comprises a limit matching part, and the limit piece is in limit matching with the limit matching part.

Further, the first connecting piece further comprises a connecting shaft, the limiting matching part is a limiting step arranged on the connecting shaft, the connecting shaft extends along the direction from the femoral condyle prosthesis to the tibial plateau, the limiting step is arranged on the outer surface of the connecting shaft in a surrounding mode, and the limiting piece is matched with the limiting step in a stop mode.

Further, the surface of the limiting step facing the femoral condyle prosthesis is a limiting surface, the limiting piece is a limiting rod, and the limiting rod is in limiting fit with the limiting surface.

Further, the knee joint prosthesis further comprises an installation space arranged on the gasket prosthesis, the gasket prosthesis is provided with an installation hole extending along the height direction of the gasket prosthesis, the installation hole is communicated with the installation space, the side wall of the gasket prosthesis is provided with an opening part communicated with the installation space, and the limiting rod is inserted into the installation space through the opening part and is in limiting fit with the limiting surface.

Further, a first mounting block is arranged on the surface of the tibial plateau, which faces the gasket prosthesis, a mounting groove communicated with the mounting space is arranged on one side of the gasket prosthesis, which faces the tibial plateau, the mounting groove is in plug-in fit with the first mounting block, a clamping piece is arranged at the first end of the limiting rod, and the clamping piece is in clamping fit with the first mounting block.

Further, a second mounting block is further arranged on the surface of the tibial plateau, facing the gasket prosthesis, the first mounting block and the second mounting block are arranged at intervals, the clamping piece comprises a first protruding block and a second protruding block, the first protruding block is in butt fit with one side of the first mounting block, facing the second mounting block, and the second protruding block is in butt fit with one side of the second mounting block, facing the first mounting block.

Further, the knee joint prosthesis further comprises a second connecting piece, the first end of the second connecting piece is hinged with the femoral condyle prosthesis, the spacer prosthesis is further provided with an avoidance concave part, the second end of the second connecting piece is arranged in the avoidance concave part and is movably connected with the connecting shaft, and the first end of the connecting shaft is in limit fit with the second connecting piece.

Further, the second connecting piece includes first connecting block and the second connecting block of being connected with first connecting block, and first connecting block is located the first end of second connecting piece, and the second connecting block is located the second end of second connecting piece, is provided with the connecting hole on the second connecting block, and the first end of connecting axle is provided with the backstop piece, and the second connecting block passes through the connecting hole cover to be established on the connecting axle, and the backstop piece is located the top of second connecting block and cooperates with the backstop of second connecting block, and the second connecting block is rotationally set up around the connecting axle in dodging the concave part.

Further, the axis of connecting hole and the axis eccentric setting of second connecting block dodges the concave part and including the first lateral wall, second lateral wall, third lateral wall and the fourth lateral wall that set gradually, first lateral wall and third lateral wall set up relatively and are the arc structure, and second lateral wall and fourth lateral wall set up relatively, have the contained angle of predetermineeing between second lateral wall and the fourth lateral wall, can cooperate or fourth lateral wall butt cooperation with second lateral wall butt when the second connecting block rotates.

Further, a space is provided between the stopper and the second connection block.

Further, the knee prosthesis further includes a threaded structure disposed between the second end of the connecting shaft and the tibial plateau.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the gasket prosthesis is arranged above the tibia platform. The femoral condyle prosthesis is swingably connected with the tibial plateau, and the femoral condyle prosthesis is in sliding fit with the shim prosthesis. The first connector connects the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial plateau. The limiting piece is arranged on the gasket prosthesis or the tibia platform and is in limiting fit with the first connecting piece so as to prevent the first connecting piece from being separated from the tibia platform. Through the arrangement described above, the first connector enables the femoral condyle prosthesis to be connected to the tibial plateau. The femoral condyle prosthesis is in sliding fit with the shim prosthesis, and thus the femoral condyle prosthesis is capable of sliding relative to the shim prosthesis, which is disposed above the tibial plateau, i.e., the femoral condyle prosthesis is capable of swinging relative to the tibial plateau. After the knee joint prosthesis is used for a long time, the connecting structure between the first connecting piece and the tibia platform can be damaged, and the limiting piece is in limiting fit with the first connecting piece, so that the first connecting piece and the tibia platform can be prevented from being separated, and the normal use of the knee joint prosthesis is ensured. Therefore, the technical scheme effectively solves the problem that the connecting rod in the related technology is easy to separate from the tibia side prosthesis.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a knee prosthesis according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the knee prosthesis of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a partially enlarged schematic view of the knee prosthesis A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a spacer prosthesis and a stop of the knee prosthesis of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of the stop of the knee prosthesis of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of a spacer prosthesis of the knee prosthesis of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic perspective view of another view of a spacer prosthesis of the knee prosthesis of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 illustrates a schematic perspective view of the tibial plateau, first connector and second connector connections of the knee prosthesis of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic perspective view of the tibial plateau, first connector and limiter connection of the knee prosthesis of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic cross-sectional view of the tibial plateau, first connector and limiter connection of the knee prosthesis of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the tibial plateau of the knee prosthesis of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 shows a schematic perspective view of a second connector of the knee prosthesis of FIG. 8;

fig. 13 shows another perspective view of a second connector of the knee prosthesis of fig. 10.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a tibial plateau; 11. a first mounting block; 12. a second mounting block; 20. a spacer prosthesis; 21. a mounting hole; 22. an opening portion; 23. a mounting groove; 24. avoiding the concave part; 241. a first sidewall; 242. a second sidewall; 243. a third sidewall; 244. a fourth sidewall; 30. a femoral condyle prosthesis; 40. a first connector; 41. a limit matching part; 411. a limit step; 4111. a limiting surface; 42. a connecting shaft; 421. a stopper; 50. a limiting piece; 51. a limit rod; 52. a clamping piece; 521. a first bump; 522. a second bump; 60. an installation space; 70. a second connector; 71. a first connection block; 72. a second connection block; 721. a connection hole; 80. a thread structure.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, a knee joint prosthesis includes: the tibial plateau 10, the shim prosthesis 20, the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, the first connector 40, and the limiter 50. The shim prosthesis 20 is disposed over the tibial plateau 10 prosthesis. The femoral condyle prosthesis 30 is swingably connected to the tibial plateau 10, and the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 is slidably fitted to the shim prosthesis 20. The first connector 40 is connected between the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 and the tibial plateau 10. The limiter 50 is disposed on the shim prosthesis 20 or on the tibial plateau 10 and is in limiting engagement with the first connector 40 to prevent the first connector 40 from being separated from the tibial plateau 10.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, a gasket prosthesis 20 is arranged above the tibia plateau 10. The femoral condyle prosthesis 30 is swingably connected to the tibial plateau 10, and the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 is slidably fitted to the shim prosthesis 20. The first connector 40 connects the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 to the tibial plateau 10. The limiter 50 is disposed on the shim prosthesis 20 or the tibial plateau 10, and the limiter 50 is in limiting engagement with the first connector 40 to prevent the first connector 40 from being separated from the tibial plateau 10. With the above arrangement, the first connector 40 enables the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 to be connected to the tibial plateau 10. The femoral condyle prosthesis 30 is in sliding engagement with the shim prosthesis 20 such that the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 is capable of sliding relative to the shim prosthesis 20, the shim prosthesis 20 being disposed above the tibial plateau 10, i.e., the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 is capable of swinging relative to the tibial plateau 10. After the knee joint prosthesis is used for a long time, the connecting structure between the first connecting piece 40 and the tibia platform 10 may be damaged, and the limiting piece 50 is in limiting fit with the first connecting piece 40, so that the first connecting piece 40 and the tibia platform 10 can be prevented from being separated, and the normal use of the knee joint prosthesis is ensured. Therefore, the technical scheme effectively solves the problem that the connecting rod in the related technology is easy to separate from the tibia side prosthesis.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the first connector 40 includes a limit engaging portion 41, and the limit member 50 is in limit engagement with the limit engaging portion 41. The above arrangement enables the stopper 50 to be more stably and limitedly fitted with the first connecting member 40 through the limit fitting portion 41.

As shown in fig. 3 and 9, in the present embodiment, the first connecting member 40 further includes a connecting shaft 42, the limit fitting portion 41 is a limit step 411 disposed on the connecting shaft 42, the connecting shaft 42 extends along the direction from the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 to the tibial plateau 10, the limit step 411 is disposed around the outer surface of the connecting shaft 42, and the limit member 50 is in stop fit with the limit step 411. The connecting shaft 42 is capable of connecting the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 to the tibial plateau 10. The limiting step 411 can be in stop fit with the limiting member 50, so that the limiting member 50 can be more effectively in stop fit with the first connecting member 40. The limiting step 411 is circumferentially provided on the outer surface of the connection shaft 42 so that the limiting piece 50 can be more easily contacted with the limiting step 411.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, in the present embodiment, the surface of the limiting step 411 facing the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 is a limiting surface 4111, the limiting member 50 is a limiting rod 51, and the limiting rod 51 is in limiting engagement with the limiting surface 4111. Through the limiting surface 4111 and the limiting rod 51, the limiting matching structure between the limiting step 411 and the limiting piece 50 is simpler, and the knee joint prosthesis is convenient to assemble and manufacture. The limiting surface 4111 is a surface of the limiting step 411 facing the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, that is, when the connecting shaft 42 moves toward the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, the limiting surface 4111 can move to contact with the limiting rod 51, and the limiting rod 51 can stop the movement of the connecting shaft 42, so that the connecting shaft 42 is not separated from the tibial plateau 10.

It should be noted that, the connecting shaft 42 is further provided with a column, and the column is located between the limiting step 411 and the stop member 421. Preferably, in this embodiment, the post includes a large diameter section and a small diameter section, the small diameter section is disposed between the limiting step 411 and the large diameter section, a stop surface is formed between the large diameter section and the small diameter section, and the limiting rod is located between the stop surface and the stop surface, so that when the connecting shaft 42 moves downward, the limiting rod can be in stop fit with the stop surface, so as to limit the distance that the connecting shaft 42 moves toward the side of the tibial plateau 10 away from the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, and avoid excessive movement of the connecting shaft 42.

Preferably, in the length direction of the stop lever 51, an avoidance groove is further provided in the middle of the stop lever 51, and the avoidance groove enables the distance between the first side of the stop lever 51 and the second side of the stop lever 51 to be reduced. The length direction of the stop lever 51 is perpendicular to the line connecting the first side of the stop lever 51 and the second side of the stop lever 51. The first bump 521 and the second bump 522 are disposed on the first side of the stop lever 51 at intervals, and a portion of the first side of the stop lever 51 is located in the first communicating groove and the second communicating groove. The distance between the first side of the limit lever 51 and the second side of the limit lever 51 is greater than the distance between the installation space 60 and the first communication groove, and the distance between the installation space 60 and the first communication groove is equal to the distance between the installation space 60 and the second communication groove. When the stop lever 51 is inserted between the installation space 60 and the first and second communicating grooves, the stop lever 51 can deform under the extrusion of the installation space 60 and the first and second communicating grooves, that is, the first side of the stop lever 51 and the second side of the stop lever 51 can approach each other, and then the stop lever can be inserted between the installation space 60 and the first and second communicating grooves until the first and second protrusions 521 and 522 move between the first and second installation blocks 11 and 12. After the stop lever 51 is inserted between the installation space 60 and the first communication groove and the second communication groove, the distance between the first side of the stop lever 51 and the second side of the stop lever 51 is smaller than the distance between the first side and the second side when the stop lever 51 is not inserted between the installation space 60 and the first communication groove and the second communication groove, namely, after the stop lever 51 is inserted into the installation space 60, the extruded stop lever can generate extrusion force on the gasket prosthesis 20 and the tibial plateau 10, so that the stop lever 51 can be more stably arranged between the installation space 60 and the first communication groove and the second communication groove.

As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the knee joint prosthesis further includes an installation space 60 provided on the spacer prosthesis 20, an installation hole 21 extending in the height direction of the spacer prosthesis 20 is provided on the spacer prosthesis 20, the installation hole 21 communicates with the installation space 60, an opening 22 communicating with the installation space 60 is provided on a side wall of the spacer prosthesis 20, and the stopper rod 51 is inserted into the installation space 60 through the opening 22 and is in stopper fit with the stopper surface 4111. The opening 22 enables the stop lever 51 to be inserted into the installation space 60, that is, the stop lever 51 can extend into the spacer prosthesis 20, and the installation space 60 is communicated with the installation hole 21, so that the stop lever 51 can extend into the installation hole 21 and be in stop fit with the stop surface 4111.

Preferably, the opening 22 is open, and the remainder of the opening is disposed through the outer side of the shim prosthesis 20, except for the side wall adjacent the connecting shaft 42, the top wall adjacent the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, and the bottom wall adjacent the tibial plateau 10.

As shown in fig. 3 and 9, in this embodiment, a first mounting block 11 is disposed on a surface of the tibial plateau 10 facing the shim prosthesis 20, a mounting groove 23 communicating with the mounting space 60 is disposed on a side of the shim prosthesis 20 facing the tibial plateau 10, the mounting groove 23 is in plug-in fit with the first mounting block 11, a clamping member 52 is disposed at a first end of the limiting rod 51, and the clamping member 52 is in snap-fit with the first mounting block 11. The mounting slot 23 and the first mounting block 11 enable the tibial plateau 10 to be coupled to the shim prosthesis 20. The clamping piece 52 enables the limiting rod 51 to be in limiting fit with the limiting step 411, and meanwhile enables the gasket prosthesis 20 to be connected with the first mounting block 11, namely the gasket prosthesis 20 and the tibia plateau 10 can be connected, and the connection is stable.

As shown in fig. 4, 5, 8 and 9, in this embodiment, a second mounting block 12 is further disposed on the surface of the tibial plateau 10 facing the spacer prosthesis 20, the first mounting block 11 and the second mounting block 12 are disposed at a distance, the clamping member 52 includes a first bump 521 and a second bump 522, the first bump 521 is in abutting engagement with the side of the first mounting block 11 facing the second mounting block 12, and the second bump 522 is in abutting engagement with the side of the second mounting block 12 facing the first mounting block 11. After the clamping piece 52 is inserted between the first mounting block 11 and the second mounting block 12, the first protruding block 521 can be in abutting fit with one side of the first mounting block 11 facing the second mounting block 12, the second protruding block 522 can be in abutting fit with one side of the second mounting block 12 facing the first mounting block 11, namely, the first protruding block 521 and the second protruding block 522 can be limited between the first mounting block 11 and the second mounting block 12, and the limiting rod 51 can be stably connected between the tibial plateau 10 and the shim prosthesis 20.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 9 to 11, a third mounting block is further provided on the tibial plateau 10, the third mounting block being provided on a first side of the tibial plateau 10, the first mounting block 11 and the second mounting block 12 being provided on a second side of the tibial plateau 10, the first side of the tibial plateau 10 being opposite the second side of the tibial plateau 10. The first mounting block 11 is provided with a first communicating groove on the surface facing the second side of the tibial plateau 10, the second mounting block 12 is provided with a second communicating groove on the surface facing the second side of the tibial plateau 10, and part of the structure of the limit rod 51 is located in the first communicating groove and the second communicating groove, so that the limit rod 51 is inserted into the mounting space 60, and meanwhile, the tibial plateau 10 and the shim prosthesis 20 are connected through the first communicating groove and the second communicating groove, and further, the tibial plateau 10 and the shim prosthesis 20 are connected more stably.

It should be noted that, the surface of the second side of the first mounting block 11 far away from the tibial plateau 10 is further provided with a third communication groove, the surface of the second side of the second mounting block 12 far away from the tibial plateau 10 is further provided with a fourth communication groove, so that the human bone can grow into the first mounting block 11 and the second mounting block 12, and the connection between the tibial plateau 10 and the human bone is more stable. The mounting groove 23 includes a first groove body and a second groove body, the first mounting block is disposed in the first groove body, the second mounting block is disposed in the second groove body, and the first groove body and the second groove body are disposed at intervals.

Specifically, the spacer prosthesis 20 is further provided with a connection space, and the connection space is in limit fit with the third mounting block. As shown in fig. 10, the third mounting block includes a first block body and a stop plate disposed on one side of the first block body facing the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, and an avoidance space is further provided in the connection space, the avoidance space extends toward a direction close to the middle of the shim prosthesis 20, and the stop plate is inserted into the avoidance space and is in spacing fit with the avoidance space in a direction from the tibial plateau 10 to the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, so that the shim prosthesis 20 and the tibial plateau 10 are connected more stably. Preferably, the distance between the stop plate and the shim prosthesis 20 in the direction from the outer side of the shim prosthesis 20 to the inner side of the shim prosthesis 20 decreases gradually toward the side of the tibial plateau 10, so that the stop plate can be more easily inserted into the relief space.

As shown in fig. 3, 8, 12 and 13, in this embodiment, the knee joint prosthesis further includes a second connecting member 70, a first end of the second connecting member 70 is hinged with the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, the spacer prosthesis 20 is further provided with a recess 24, a second end of the second connecting member 70 is disposed in the recess 24 and movably connected with the connecting shaft 42, and a first end of the connecting shaft 42 is in limit fit with the second connecting member 70. The second connector 70 enables the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 to be connected to the shim prosthesis 20, while the shim prosthesis 20 is connected to the tibial plateau 10 via the limiter 50, i.e., the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 is capable of being connected to the tibial plateau 10. The relief recess 24 provides room for the second end of the second connector 70 to be disposed, resulting in a more compact configuration between the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 and the shim prosthesis 20. The first end of the connecting shaft 42 is in limit fit with the second connecting piece 70, the second connecting piece 70 is movably connected with the connecting shaft 42, namely, the second connecting piece 70 cannot be separated from the connecting shaft 42 under the action of the first end of the connecting shaft 42, and the second end of the connecting shaft 42 is connected with the tibia plateau 10, so that the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 and the tibia plateau 10 cannot be separated in the use process.

As shown in fig. 8, 12 and 13, in the present embodiment, the second connecting member 70 includes a first connecting block 71 and a second connecting block 72 connected to the first connecting block 71, the first connecting block 71 is located at a first end of the second connecting member 70, the second connecting block 72 is located at a second end of the second connecting member 70, a connecting hole 721 is provided in the second connecting block 72, a stopper 421 is provided at a first end of the connecting shaft 42, the second connecting block 72 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 42 through the connecting hole 721, the stopper 421 is located above the second connecting block 72 and is in stopper fit with the second connecting block 72, and the second connecting block 72 is rotatably provided around the connecting shaft 42 in the avoidance recess 24. The connection hole 721 allows the connection shaft 42 to be connected to the tibial plateau 10 through the second connection block 72, and thus the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 and the tibial plateau 10 to be movably connected through the second connection block 72. The stopper 421 can be in stopper fit with the second connection block 72, so that the connection shaft 42 and the second connection block 72 are not separated when the knee joint prosthesis is used, and normal use of the knee joint prosthesis is ensured. The second connecting block 72 is rotatably disposed in the avoidance recess 24 around the connecting shaft 42, the second connecting block 72 is connected with the first connecting block 71, and the first connecting block 71 is connected with the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, so that the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 can rotate relative to the tibial plateau 10, so that the knee joint prosthesis can more conform to the use condition of the physiological knee joint.

In particular, the first connection block 71 is disposed obliquely away from a side of the middle of the spacer prosthesis 20 such that the first connection block 71 does not interfere with sliding of the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 on the spacer prosthesis 20. The first connection block 71 is hingedly connected to the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 via a shaft, the first connection block 71 being located in the middle of the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, i.e., between the medial and lateral condyles of the femoral condyle prosthesis 30. The spacer prosthesis 20 includes a first contact surface in sliding engagement with the medial condyle and a second contact surface in spaced apart and coupled relation to the first contact surface in sliding engagement with the lateral condyle. The femoral condyle prosthesis rotates about the axis of the shaft. The distance between the first contact surface, the second contact surface and the tibial plateau 10 increases gradually in the direction from the exterior of the shim prosthesis 20 to the connecting axis 42, which facilitates sliding of the femoral condyle prosthesis 30.

Preferably, a spacer is provided between the first connection block 71 and the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, the spacer being in abutting engagement with both the medial condyle facing the lateral condyle and the lateral condyle facing the medial condyle surface. This prevents direct friction between the first connection block 71 and the femoral condyle prosthesis 30. As shown in fig. 12, the side of the liner facing the first connection block 71 is provided with a stop tab that prevents over-rotation between the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 and the tibial plateau 10.

As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 13, in the present embodiment, the axis of the connection hole 721 and the axis of the second connection block 72 are eccentrically disposed, and the avoidance recess 24 includes a first side wall 241, a second side wall 242, a third side wall 243 and a fourth side wall 244 that are sequentially disposed, where the first side wall 241 and the third side wall 243 are oppositely disposed and are both arc-shaped structures, the second side wall 242 and the fourth side wall 244 are oppositely disposed, and a preset included angle is formed between the second side wall 242 and the fourth side wall 244, and when the second connection block 72 rotates, the avoidance recess can be in butt fit with the second side wall 242 or the fourth side wall 244. The axis of the connection hole 721 is disposed eccentrically to the axis of the second connection block 72, i.e., the second connection block 72 is enabled to rotate about the axis of the connection hole 721, i.e., about the axis of the connection shaft 42. The first and third sidewalls 241 and 243 have an arc-shaped structure such that the second connection block 72 can more smoothly slide in the escape recess 24. The second side wall 242 and the fourth side wall 244 have a preset included angle therebetween, so that the rotation angle of the second connecting block 72 can be limited under the action of the second side wall 242 and the fourth side wall 244, i.e. the rotation angle of the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 relative to the tibial plateau 10 prosthesis can be limited, so that the knee joint prosthesis can more conform to the use condition of a physiological knee joint.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the preset included angle is greater than 0 ° and equal to or less than 50 °. Preferably, the preset included angle is greater than 10 ° and less than or equal to 40 °.

Preferably, the second and fourth side walls 242, 244 are swingably disposed on the spacer prosthesis 20 about the axis of the connecting shaft 42, such that a predetermined angle between the second and fourth side walls 242, 244 can be adjusted according to patient bone data. Specifically, the knee joint prosthesis further includes an adjusting structure, where the adjusting structure includes a first operation panel connected to the second side wall 242 and a second operation panel connected to the fourth side wall 244, and by moving the first operation panel, the second side wall 242 can be driven to rotate around the axis of the connecting shaft 42, and moving the second operation panel can drive the fourth side wall 244 to rotate around the axis of the connecting shaft 42. The adjustment structure further includes a first fixing member connected between the spacer prosthesis 20 and the first operation plate and a second fixing member connected between the spacer prosthesis 20 and the second operation plate, the first fixing member including a first fixing hole and a first fixing rod, a part of the structure of the first fixing hole being provided on the first operation plate, another part of the structure of the first fixing hole being provided on the spacer prosthesis 20, the first fixing rod passing through the first fixing hole to connect the first operation plate with the spacer prosthesis 20. The second fixing assembly includes a second fixing hole and a second fixing rod, a part of the second fixing hole is formed on the second operation plate, another part of the second fixing hole is formed on the spacer prosthesis 20, and the first fixing rod passes through the second fixing hole to connect the second operation plate with the spacer prosthesis 20. The second side wall 242 and the fourth side wall 244 can be fixed after the preset included angle is adjusted under the action of the first fixing component and the second fixing component.

Specifically, the first and second fixation holes are located on a side of the shim prosthesis facing the tibial plateau. The first fixing rod, the second fixing rod, the first operation plate and the second operation plate are positioned on one side of the gasket prosthesis, which is close to the tibia plateau. The first fixing holes include a plurality of first fixing holes disposed at intervals, and the distances between the plurality of first fixing holes and the axis of the connecting shaft 42 are the same. The second fixing holes include a plurality of second fixing holes at the same distance from the axis of the connection shaft 42. Preferably, any two adjacent first fixing holes are communicated, and any two adjacent second fixing holes are communicated, so that a preset included angle between the second side wall and the fourth side wall can have more values.

As shown in fig. 3 and 8, in the present embodiment, there is a space between the stopper 421 and the second connection block 72. The spacing between the stop 421 and the second connecting block 72 allows the second connecting block 72 to move in the axial direction of the connecting shaft 42, thereby allowing the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 and the tibial plateau 10 to move relatively closer together or relatively farther apart, and also allowing the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 and the tibial plateau 10 to swing more easily.

As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the knee prosthesis further includes a threaded structure 80, the threaded structure 80 being disposed between the second end of the connecting shaft 42 and the tibial plateau 10. The threaded structure 80 enables the connecting shaft 42 to connect with the tibial plateau 10.

Specifically, in this embodiment, under the action of the limiting member 50 and the limiting step 411, after the knee joint prosthesis is used for a long time, if the threaded structure 80 fails, the second end of the connecting shaft 42 can still be located in the tibial plateau 10 under the action of the limiting member 50, so as to avoid the connecting shaft 42 from being separated from the tibial plateau 10.

Preferably, the knee prosthesis further includes a first extension rod attached to the side of the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 remote from the tibial plateau 10. The first extension rod includes first pole section and second pole section, and first pole section is connected between second pole section and femoral condyle prosthesis 30, and knee joint prosthesis still includes connection limit structure, and connection limit structure includes spliced pole, spacing post and spacing groove spacing cooperation. A connection limiting structure is provided between the first and second rod segments, and a connection limiting structure is provided between the first rod segment and the femoral condyle prosthesis 30. The spacing post of the connection spacing structure arranged between the first pole section and the second pole section is positioned between the second pole section and the connecting post, and the connecting post is inserted into the first pole section. A limit post of the connection limit structure disposed between the first rod segment and the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 is located between the first rod segment and the connecting post, which is inserted into the femoral condyle prosthesis. The side of the tibial plateau 10 remote from the femoral condyle prosthesis 30 is also provided with a second extension rod, and the threaded structure 80 is disposed between the second extension rod and the connecting shaft 42. The tibial plateau 10 is also provided with a taper hole on the side remote from the femoral condyle prosthesis 30, and the connecting shaft 42 extends into the taper hole to connect with the second extension rod. The structure of the second extension rod in the taper hole is in butt fit with the taper hole, so that the stress of the tibia platform 10 is more reasonable.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. A knee prosthesis, comprising:

a tibial plateau (10);

-a shim prosthesis (20), the shim prosthesis (20) being disposed above the tibial plateau (10);

a femoral condyle prosthesis (30), the femoral condyle prosthesis (30) being swingably connected to the tibial plateau (10), the femoral condyle prosthesis (30) being in sliding engagement with the shim prosthesis (20);

-a first connection (40), said first connection (40) being connected between said femoral condyle prosthesis (30) and said tibial plateau (10);

and the limiting piece (50) is arranged on the gasket prosthesis (20) or the tibia platform (10) and is in limiting fit with the first connecting piece (40) so as to prevent the first connecting piece (40) from being separated from the tibia platform (10).

2. Knee prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the first connector (40) comprises a limit fit portion (41), the limit piece (50) being in limit fit with the limit fit portion (41).

3. The knee prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein the first connector (40) further comprises a connecting shaft (42), the limit fitting portion (41) is a limit step (411) provided on the connecting shaft (42), the connecting shaft (42) extends in a direction from the femoral condyle prosthesis (30) to the tibial plateau (10), the limit step (411) is circumferentially provided on an outer surface of the connecting shaft (42), and the limit piece (50) is in stop fit with the limit step (411).

4. A knee prosthesis according to claim 3, wherein the surface of the limiting step (411) facing the femoral condyle prosthesis (30) is a limiting surface (4111), the limiting member (50) is a limiting rod (51), and the limiting rod (51) is in limiting fit with the limiting surface (4111).

5. The knee joint prosthesis according to claim 4, further comprising a mounting space (60) provided on the spacer prosthesis (20), wherein a mounting hole (21) extending in a height direction of the spacer prosthesis (20) is provided on the spacer prosthesis (20), the mounting hole (21) communicates with the mounting space (60), an opening (22) communicating with the mounting space (60) is provided on a side wall of the spacer prosthesis (20), and the stopper rod (51) is inserted into the mounting space (60) through the opening (22) and is in a stopper fit with the stopper face (4111).

6. The knee joint prosthesis according to claim 5, wherein a first mounting block (11) is provided on a surface of the tibial plateau (10) facing the spacer prosthesis (20), a mounting groove (23) communicated with the mounting space (60) is provided on a side of the spacer prosthesis (20) facing the tibial plateau (10), the mounting groove (23) is in plug-in fit with the first mounting block (11), a clamping piece (52) is provided on the limiting rod (51), and the clamping piece (52) is in snap-in fit with the first mounting block (11).

7. The knee joint prosthesis according to claim 6, wherein a second mounting block (12) is further disposed on a surface of the tibial plateau (10) facing the spacer prosthesis (20), the first mounting block (11) and the second mounting block (12) are disposed at intervals, the clamping member (52) includes a first projection (521) and a second projection (522), the first projection (521) is in abutting engagement with a side of the first mounting block (11) facing the second mounting block (12), and the second projection (522) is in abutting engagement with a side of the second mounting block (12) facing the first mounting block (11).

8. A knee prosthesis according to claim 3, further comprising a second connector (70), a first end of the second connector (70) being hingedly connected to the femoral condyle prosthesis (30), the spacer prosthesis (20) further being provided with a relief recess (24), a second end of the second connector (70) being disposed within the relief recess (24) and being movably connected to the connecting shaft (42), the first end of the connecting shaft (42) being in positive engagement with the second connector (70).

9. The knee joint prosthesis according to claim 8, wherein the second connecting member (70) comprises a first connecting block (71) and a second connecting block (72) connected with the first connecting block (71), the first connecting block (71) is located at a first end of the second connecting member (70), the second connecting block (72) is located at a second end of the second connecting member (70), a connecting hole (721) is provided in the second connecting block (72), a stop member (421) is provided at a first end of the connecting shaft (42), the second connecting block (72) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (42) through the connecting hole (721), the stop member (421) is located above the second connecting block (72) and is in stop fit with the second connecting block (72), and the second connecting block (72) is rotatably provided around the connecting shaft (42) in the avoidance recess (24).

10. The knee joint prosthesis according to claim 9, wherein the axis of the connecting hole (721) and the axis of the second connecting block (72) are eccentrically arranged, the avoidance recess (24) comprises a first side wall (241), a second side wall (242), a third side wall (243) and a fourth side wall (244) which are sequentially arranged, the first side wall (241) and the third side wall (243) are oppositely arranged and are arc-shaped structures, the second side wall (242) and the fourth side wall (244) are oppositely arranged, a preset included angle is formed between the second side wall (242) and the fourth side wall (244), and when the second connecting block (72) rotates, the second connecting block (72) can be in butt fit with the second side wall (242) or in butt fit with the fourth side wall (244).

11. Knee prosthesis according to claim 9, characterized in that the stop (421) is spaced from the second connection block (72).

12. The knee prosthesis according to any one of claims 3 to 11, further comprising a threaded structure (80), the threaded structure (80) being disposed between the second end of the connecting shaft (42) and the tibial plateau (10).