CN117725763A - Countermeasure simulation method for satellite-borne photoelectric equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a countermeasure simulation method for satellite-borne photoelectric equipment, which relates to the technical field of virtual simulation and comprises the following steps: simulating satellite orbit motion according to time sequence; the radiation source region layout analysis deduction; laying a surface laser radiation source; performing earth surface laser radiation source attack simulation aiming at satellites; carrying out planet carrier detection simulation by using a photoelectric detection model to obtain alarm information data and threat assessment data; and performing performance evaluation according to the performance evaluation index system, the alarm information data, the threat evaluation data and the laser radiation source attack simulation data aiming at the satellite. The system has the characteristics of real environment, consistent space and time, complete elements, multiple data layers, fine simulation granularity and the like, and the process needs to complete a large amount of data processing operation, so that the system has important significance for deduction of the surface coverage area and performance evaluation of the satellite-borne photoelectric equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of virtual simulation, in particular to a photoelectric countermeasure data calculation simulation design and system application under the working condition of a simulated satellite.
Background
The countermeasure efficiency of the spaceborne photoelectric device refers to the capability of the spaceborne laser warning device to perform photoelectric countermeasure with an earth surface attack laser radiation source, and the capability of information processing, warning, threat positioning evaluation and the like of the spaceborne photoelectric device is evaluated under a given combat scene. The satellite-borne external field test and the semi-physical simulation have the characteristics of high cost, high risk, insufficient samples and difficult foreign deployment of radiation sources, the efficiency and cost ratio can be improved by performing countermeasure scene reduction through digital modeling, and the software digital prototype can perform the semi-physical simulation expansion through external hardware to perform signal level simulation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a countermeasure simulation method for satellite-borne photoelectric equipment, which can solve the problems.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a satellite-borne photoelectric equipment countermeasure simulation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: initializing a satellite-borne photoelectric simulation scene according to the digital terrain of the detection alarm, wherein the satellite-borne photoelectric simulation scene comprises setting satellite TLE orbit parameters and satellite-borne platform detection alarm parameters, matching the detection capacity of the satellite-borne platform according to the satellite-borne platform detection alarm parameters, generating a satellite orbit trajectory line based on a satellite simplified perturbation model and the satellite TLE orbit parameters, and simulating satellite orbit motion according to a time sequence;
s2: carrying out radiation source region layout analysis deduction according to the detection capability of the satellite-borne platform, the track line of the satellite orbit, threat time data and threat region data, and estimating threat situation data of earth surface threat to the satellite orbit;
s3: according to threat situation data of earth surface threat to satellite orbits, effective radiation characteristic data are selected from a radiation characteristic database, and earth surface laser radiation sources are distributed based on the effective radiation characteristic data;
s4: when the satellite passes through the top of the radiation source, performing surface laser radiation source attack simulation aiming at the satellite based on the surface laser radiation source and the radiation source target model;
s5: aiming at laser radiation source attack simulation of satellites, carrying out satellite detection simulation by utilizing a photoelectric detection model to obtain alarm information data and threat assessment data;
s6: and performing performance evaluation according to the performance evaluation index system, the alarm information data, the threat evaluation data and the laser radiation source attack simulation data aiming at the satellite.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, threat situation data for earth surface threats to satellite orbits includes threat zones and threat levels, and the threat zones and threat levels are graphically displayed in three-dimensional digital earth.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the construction of the radiation source target model includes establishing laser wavelength, establishing laser source geometry, establishing radiation distribution, establishing radiation directionality, establishing thermal effect and radiation characteristic analysis; analysis of radiation characteristics includes laser beam transmission, atmospheric scattering, and analysis of atmospheric turbulence.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electric field intensity of the light wave is considered when performing the laser beam transmission analysis;
if the z direction is taken as the beam transmission direction, the electric field strength of the light wave is expressed as:
where u is the electric field intensity amplitude of the light wave,iis an imaginary unit, satisfiesiWhere k=2pi/λ is the wave number, λ is the laser wavelength, and z is the coordinate along the wave propagation direction; under the slowly varying amplitude approximation and the paraxial approximation, the amplitude u satisfies the paraxial wave equation:
wherein δn is refractive index disturbance caused by atmospheric turbulence, and is a random variable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, atmospheric scattering includes Rayleigh scattering and Mie scattering;
the scattering intensity of the Rayleigh scattered light has the following relation with the observation direction: the forward scattering energy and the backward scattering energy are equal, and the scattering brightness I of the atmospheric molecules on the incident light is equal to the incident light brightness I 0 The relation of (2) is:
wherein θ is a scattering angle, α is a polarizability, and r is a distance between a molecule and an observation point.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the structural function of the medium is introduced during the analysis of the atmospheric turbulence:
wherein f (r) is a property describing any point in space, D f Is a covariance describing the property f between any two points in the medium,<>representing the ensemble average within the medium, when property f has uniformity and isotropy, its structure tensor is represented as:
。
in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the construction of the photodetection model includes modeling the geometry of the detector, modeling the response of the detector, modeling the optical transmission, calculating the received signal, data analysis and error analysis.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the process of performing satellite-borne detection simulation, alarm modeling, alarm working behavior simulation and system evaluation are required.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method solves the challenge simulation problem of earth surface threat and satellite-borne photoelectric equipment in a real environment and the light path view calculation problem from different earth surface positions to a satellite orbit; meanwhile, the threat situation of the earth surface threat to single or multiple satellite orbits can be estimated through large-scale offline calculation, and statistics and thematic map layer visual output are carried out on the areas with angles and duration meeting the attack conditions to the satellites; the simulation and efficiency evaluation are carried out on the current satellite-borne photoelectric countermeasure equipment according to the earth surface threat condition, and the evaluation result can be obtained on the premise of fully meeting the countermeasure logic. The system has the characteristics of real environment, consistent space and time, complete elements, multiple data layers, fine simulation granularity and the like, and the process needs to complete a large amount of data processing operation, so that the system has important significance for deduction of the surface coverage area and performance evaluation of the satellite-borne photoelectric equipment.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of combat simulation of a satellite-borne photovoltaic device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a simulation of a surface laser radiation source in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an opto-electronic alert operation in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the invention provides a countermeasure simulation method for a satellite-borne photoelectric device, which comprises the following steps:
s1: and initializing a satellite-borne photoelectric simulation scene according to the digital terrain of the detection alarm, wherein the satellite-borne photoelectric simulation scene comprises setting satellite TLE orbit parameters and satellite-borne platform detection alarm parameters, matching the satellite-borne platform detection capacity according to the satellite-borne platform detection alarm parameters, generating a satellite orbit trajectory line based on a satellite simplified perturbation model and the satellite TLE orbit parameters, and simulating satellite orbit motion according to a time sequence.
The TLE double-line root track report forms a space target database by double-line track root (TLE). The satellite TLE orbit parameters include average angular velocity, eccentricity, orbit tilt, near-site argument, ascending intersection right ascent, flat-near point, first derivative of average angular velocity and normalized atmospheric damping modulation factor.
The satellite simplified perturbation model is a model that calculates the precise orbit data of the satellite. The on-orbit perturbation of the spatial target includes the global non-spherical term perturbation, the atmospheric perturbation, and the lunar gravitational perturbation. TLE is the average orbit root number containing the main perturbation term, the period perturbation term is eliminated by adopting an average root number method, and the orbit calculation and prediction accuracy can be ensured by utilizing a satellite simplified perturbation model.
S2: and carrying out radiation source region layout analysis deduction according to the detection capability of the satellite-borne platform, the track line of the satellite orbit, threat time data and threat region data, and estimating threat situation data of earth surface threat to the satellite orbit.
Threat situation data of earth surface threats to satellite orbits includes threat areas and threat levels, and the threat areas and threat levels are graphically displayed in three-dimensional digital earth. The three-dimensional digital earth adopts OpenScenegraph-OSG for short, and is an open-source three-dimensional real-time scene graph development engine.
S3: and selecting effective radiation characteristic data from a radiation characteristic database (namely, a data characteristic database formed by assimilating data according to hardware radiation source measurement data and embodied in a database table) according to threat condition data of earth surface threat to satellite orbits, and distributing earth surface laser radiation sources based on the effective radiation characteristic data.
S4: as the satellite passes over the top of the radiation source, a simulation of a surface laser radiation source attack against the satellite is performed based on the surface laser radiation source and the radiation source target model.
The construction of the radiation source target model includes establishing laser wavelength, establishing laser source geometry, establishing radiation distribution, establishing radiation directionality, establishing thermal effect and radiation characteristic analysis.
Establishing a laser wavelength: the wavelength and power density of the laser radiation source are determined.
Establishing laser source geometry: the geometry of the laser source is established based on the radiation source database parameters.
Establishing a radiation distribution: modeling is performed for different radiation characteristics of the laser radiation source.
Establishing radiation directivity: the directionality (direction and position of the radiation) of the laser radiation source was modeled.
Establishing a thermal effect: modeling the radiation heating effect of the laser radiation source.
Analysis of radiation characteristics: on the basis of establishing the geometric shape, radiation distribution and directivity of the laser source, the laser radiation source is analyzed and simulated to determine the radiation characteristic and power density distribution parameters generated by the laser radiation source. The radiation characteristics of the radiation source need to take into account laser beam transport, atmospheric scattering, and atmospheric turbulence.
1) Laser beam transmission:
if the z direction is taken as the beam transmission direction, the electric field strength of the light wave can be expressed as:
where u is the electric field intensity amplitude of the light wave, k=2pi/λ is the wavenumber, and λ is the laser wavelength. Under the slowly varying amplitude approximation and the paraxial approximation, the amplitude u satisfies the paraxial wave equation:
where δn is the refractive index disturbance caused by atmospheric turbulence, which is a random variable whose effect can be described by a phase screen.
2) Rayleigh scattering:
when the diameter of molecules or aerosol particles in the atmosphere is far smaller than the laser wavelength, the scattering is Rayleigh scattering. The main characteristic is that for unpolarized light, the scattering intensity of scattered light has the following relation with the observation direction: the scattered light distribution is substantially uniform and symmetrical, i.e. the forward and backward scattered energy are equal. Scattering brightness I and incident light brightness I of atmospheric molecules on incident light 0 The relation of (2) is:
wherein θ is a scattering angle, α is a polarizability, and r is a distance between a molecule and an observation point. Therefore, scattered light is proportional to the intensity of incident light, inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the molecule and the observation point, and inversely proportional to the power of 4 of the wavelength.
3) Mie scattering:
when the particle diameter in the atmosphere and the transmission laser wavelength are comparable, the scattering that occurs is typically Mie scattering, and the scattering of suspended particles follows Mie scattering theory. Mie scattering is mainly characterized by relatively complex and asymmetric scattering intensity distribution, and the main scattering is obviously concentrated in the forward direction.
4) Atmospheric turbulence:
the basic characteristic of gas turbulence is randomness, which must be described by statistical properties, in addition to several assumptions about temporal independence, uniformity and isotropy. To better describe the properties of random turbulence media, tatarski introduces a structural function of the media:
wherein f (r) is a property describing any point in space, D f Is the covariance describing the property f between any two points in the medium, also called the structure tensor.<>Representing the ensemble average within the medium, when property f has uniformity and isotropy, its structure tensor can be expressed as:
when Kolmogorov studied the structural function of two points spaced apart by r in detail, it was found that the above formula can be simplified to:
since the temperature of turbulent atmosphere is a passive conservation quantity, it also complies with the 2/3 law described above:
in the optical frequency range, the refractive index of the earth's atmosphere in the atmospheric troposphere (altitude <17 km) is expressed as follows:
where p is the atmospheric pressure in mbar, T is the thermodynamic temperature and λ is the wavelength of light in μm.
The two sides of the above are differentiated to obtain:
it has been assumed here that the wavelength of the light wave is λ=0.532 μm, since the change in the ground n with the air pressure is relatively small, the refractive index change dn is negligible and mainly caused by temperature fluctuations (i.e.:) Then, there are:
therefore, the refractive index structure function also complies with the 2/3 law:
here, thel 0 Is the intra-turbulence scale, the characteristic scale of the smallest irregular structure representing turbulence,L 0 the external turbulence scale is the characteristic scale of the maximum isotropy irregular structure of turbulence. In a typical state, the outside dimensions of turbulence are about ten meters to tens of meters.
S5: aiming at laser radiation source attack simulation of satellites, carrying out satellite detection simulation by utilizing a photoelectric detection model to obtain alarm information data and threat assessment data.
The construction of the photoelectric detection model comprises the steps of geometric modeling of the detector, establishment of a response model of the detector, optical transmission modeling, calculation of received signals, data analysis and error analysis.
Geometric modeling of the detector: the geometry and planar spatial position of the spaceborne radiation source detector are flexibly modeled.
Probe response model: and establishing a detector response model according to the detector response time, the sensitivity and the threshold response characteristic.
Modeling optical transmission: and establishing an optical transmission model based on the physical process of laser radiation transmission, and calculating optical parameters in the laser transmission process.
Calculating a received signal: the laser radiation and the optical transmission model are applied to the geometric model of the detector, and signals received by the detector are calculated.
Data analysis: the received signal is processed and analyzed, including calculating power density, peak power, and divergence angle.
Error analysis: and error analysis is carried out on the simulation result, wherein the error analysis comprises temperature error and noise error, and the simulation precision and accuracy are improved.
In the process of carrying out satellite-borne detection simulation, alarm modeling, alarm working behavior simulation and system evaluation are required.
Alarm modeling: and extracting characteristic quantities of signals received by the detector, such as light intensity, pulse width and the like, and judging whether to trigger an alarm.
And (3) simulating alarm working behaviors: and loading relevant parameters to simulate the working process of the alarm equipment and reproduce.
System evaluation: and evaluating and optimizing the established alarm modeling, including evaluating indexes such as precision, false alarm rate, response speed, stability and the like, so as to ensure the effectiveness and reliability of an alarm system.
S6: and performing performance evaluation according to the performance evaluation index system, the alarm information data, the threat evaluation data and the laser radiation source attack simulation data aiming at the satellite.
The evaluation index system mainly adopts an analytic hierarchy process, and comprises detection efficiency indexes, information processing indexes and threat evaluation indexes;
the detection efficiency index comprises two sub-indexes of detection rate and false alarm rate;
the information processing index includes an information processing speed (calculated from the information processing speed) index;
threat assessment metrics include threat source localization accuracy (primarily by calculating the difference between probe localization and deployment localization), threat source signature accuracy (primarily by calculating the difference between radiation source wavelength, raw power, to target power), threat type accuracy (judged by comparison of threat levels of the actual radiation source database).
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The countermeasure simulation method for the satellite-borne photoelectric equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: initializing a satellite-borne photoelectric simulation scene according to the digital terrain of the detection alarm, wherein the satellite-borne photoelectric simulation scene comprises setting satellite TLE orbit parameters and satellite-borne platform detection alarm parameters, matching the detection capacity of the satellite-borne platform according to the satellite-borne platform detection alarm parameters, generating a satellite orbit trajectory line based on a satellite simplified perturbation model and the satellite TLE orbit parameters, and simulating satellite orbit motion according to a time sequence;
s2: carrying out radiation source region layout analysis deduction according to the detection capability of the satellite-borne platform, the track line of the satellite orbit, threat time data and threat region data, and estimating threat situation data of earth surface threat to the satellite orbit;
s3: according to threat situation data of earth surface threat to satellite orbits, effective radiation characteristic data are selected from a radiation characteristic database, and earth surface laser radiation sources are distributed based on the effective radiation characteristic data;
s4: when the satellite passes through the top of the radiation source, performing surface laser radiation source attack simulation aiming at the satellite based on the surface laser radiation source and the radiation source target model;
s5: aiming at laser radiation source attack simulation of satellites, carrying out satellite detection simulation by utilizing a photoelectric detection model to obtain alarm information data and threat assessment data;
s6: and performing performance evaluation according to the performance evaluation index system, the alarm information data, the threat evaluation data and the laser radiation source attack simulation data aiming at the satellite.
2. The method of combat simulation of a satellite-borne photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein the threat situation data of the earth's surface threat to satellite orbit includes threat areas and threat levels, and wherein the threat areas and threat levels are graphically displayed in a three-dimensional digital earth.
3. The method of combat simulation of a satellite-borne photovoltaic device according to claim 1, wherein the building of the radiation source target model comprises building laser wavelength, building laser source geometry, building radiation distribution, building radiation directivity, building thermal effect and radiation characteristic analysis; analysis of radiation characteristics includes laser beam transmission, atmospheric scattering, and analysis of atmospheric turbulence.
4. The method for countermeasure simulation of a satellite-borne photovoltaic device according to claim 3, wherein the electric field intensity of the light wave is taken into consideration when performing the laser beam transmission analysis;
if the z direction is taken as the beam transmission direction, the electric field strength of the light wave is expressed as:
where u is the electric field intensity amplitude of the light wave,iis an imaginary unit, satisfiesiWhere k=2pi/λ is the wave number, λ is the laser wavelength, and z is the coordinate along the wave propagation direction; under the slowly varying amplitude approximation and the paraxial approximation, the amplitude u satisfies the paraxial wave equation:
wherein δn is refractive index disturbance caused by atmospheric turbulence, and is a random variable.
5. The method of combat simulation of a satellite-borne photovoltaic device of claim 4, wherein atmospheric scattering comprises rayleigh scattering and mie scattering;
the scattering intensity of the Rayleigh scattered light has the following relation with the observation direction: the forward scattering energy and the backward scattering energy are equal, and the scattering brightness I of the atmospheric molecules on the incident light is equal to the incident light brightness I 0 The relation of (2) is:
wherein θ is a scattering angle, α is a polarizability, and r is a distance between a molecule and an observation point.
6. The method of combat simulation of a satellite-borne photovoltaic device according to claim 5, wherein in the course of conducting an analysis of atmospheric turbulence, a structural function of the medium is introduced:
wherein f (r) is a property describing any point in space, D f Is a covariance describing the property f between any two points in the medium,<>representing the ensemble average within the medium, when property f has uniformity and isotropy, its structure tensor is represented as:
。
7. the method of combat simulation of a satellite-borne photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein the construction of the photodetection model comprises geometric modeling of the detector, modeling of the detector response, modeling of optical transmission, calculation of received signals, data analysis and error analysis.
8. The method for combat simulation of a satellite-borne photovoltaic device according to claim 1, wherein in the course of carrying out the satellite-borne detection simulation, an alarm modeling, an alarm working behavior simulation and a system evaluation are required.
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| US20180038730A1 (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2018-02-08 | Elbit Systems Of America, Llc | Optical detector and system therefor |
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| CN115903547A (en) * | 2022-12-03 | 2023-04-04 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | Photoelectric countermeasure efficiency evaluation semi-physical simulation system and method |
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| US20180038730A1 (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2018-02-08 | Elbit Systems Of America, Llc | Optical detector and system therefor |
| CN109145390A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-04 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | The semi-matter simulating system of satellite information application terminal measures of effectiveness |
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