CN117723916A - Environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device and method for GIT applications - Google Patents

Environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device and method for GIT applications Download PDF

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CN117723916A
CN117723916A CN202410171996.6A CN202410171996A CN117723916A CN 117723916 A CN117723916 A CN 117723916A CN 202410171996 A CN202410171996 A CN 202410171996A CN 117723916 A CN117723916 A CN 117723916A
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肖淞
李祎
覃婧姿
张晓星
陈钇江
唐炬
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Wuhan University WHU
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Abstract

本发明公开了面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置及方法。该装置包括罐体和模拟GIT中典型缺陷物理模型,利用该装置可开展环保绝缘气体GIT电稳定性评估试验。评估方法包括:放电试验测试,进行低能、高能和闪络三种放电试验;评估参考数据获取,包括放电特征参数、气体分解组分特征参数以及GIT内材料性能变化表征参数三类数据类型;开展综合定量评估,获得环保绝缘气体GIT内应用的电稳定指数。本发明能够为GIT的发展进一步探索各种环保绝缘气体对其的适用性,且为采用环保绝缘气体的GIT在运行维护中电稳定性能的评估提供技术指导。

The invention discloses an environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device and method for GIT applications. The device includes a tank and a physical model that simulates typical defects in GIT. The device can be used to carry out environmentally friendly insulating gas GIT electrical stability evaluation tests. Evaluation methods include: discharge test testing, conducting three types of discharge tests: low-energy, high-energy and flashover; evaluation reference data acquisition, including three data types: discharge characteristic parameters, gas decomposition component characteristic parameters, and material performance change characterization parameters within the GIT; Carry out a comprehensive quantitative assessment to obtain the electrical stability index of environmentally friendly insulating gas applications within GIT. The present invention can further explore the applicability of various environmentally friendly insulating gases to the development of GIT, and provide technical guidance for the evaluation of the electrical stability performance of GITs using environmentally friendly insulating gases during operation and maintenance.

Description

面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置及方法Environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device and method for GIT applications

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及绝缘气体的电气设备技术领域,特别是一种面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置及方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment of insulating gases, and in particular to an environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device and method for GIT applications.

背景技术Background technique

气体绝缘介质得到了越来越广泛的应用。自六氟化硫(SF6)气体问世起,因其优异的绝缘和灭弧特性以及稳定的物理化学性质,如今已在各式各样的电气设备中得以重用,担当起绝缘灭弧的重要角色。近几年,以C4F7N、C5F10O等为代表的一系列环保绝缘气体进入了研究者的视野,它们在环保和绝缘上的良好性能让我们看到了对SF6进行替代的可能。Gas insulating media is increasingly used. Since the advent of sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) gas, it has been reused in a variety of electrical equipment due to its excellent insulation and arc-extinguishing properties and stable physical and chemical properties, playing an important role in insulating arc-extinguishing. Role. In recent years, a series of environmentally friendly insulating gases represented by C 4 F 7 N, C 5 F 10 O, etc. have come into the attention of researchers. Their good performance in environmental protection and insulation allows us to see the replacement of SF 6 . possible.

以气体绝缘变压器(Gas Insulated Transformer, GIT)为代表的气体绝缘输配电设备(GIE),主要利用SF6气体作为绝缘灭弧介质,具有占地面积小、抗外界干扰能力强、电能质量好等特点。GIT充分发挥了气体绝缘的优势,在多电压等级、多种变电场景下起重要作用,目前已具有慢慢替代油浸式变压器的趋势,应用更广泛。Gas-insulated power transmission and distribution equipment (GIE), represented by Gas Insulated Transformer (GIT), mainly uses SF 6 gas as the insulating arc extinguishing medium. It has a small footprint, strong resistance to external interference, and good power quality. Features. GIT gives full play to the advantages of gas insulation and plays an important role in multiple voltage levels and various power transformation scenarios. It has a tendency to gradually replace oil-immersed transformers and is more widely used.

然而,在GIT的实际运行中常发生放电故障,其出现频次占总故障次数的比重大,成为导致GIT出现运行异常和绝缘缺陷的主要故障,严重时甚至造成介质击穿以致完全丧失绝缘性能,给GIT的安全稳定运行带来严重影响。特别对于新型环保绝缘气体,在此前的研究中发现,在放电故障下环保绝缘气体会发生分解造成绝缘性能整体下降,且自恢复性差,无法像SF6气体利用自恢复性在放电后一段时间内仍能使绝缘水平恢复并保持稳定,较严重放电故障下由于环保绝缘气体的持续分解可能出现绝缘逐步恶化直至完全丧失绝缘性能的情况,则对应用于GIT的环保绝缘气体开展电稳定性的研究具有重要工程意义。且鉴于GIT中使用一些特殊材料和结构,如GIT常采用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)薄膜作为其绕组绝缘材料等,使其内部的放电情况较为复杂,目前已开展的对于环保绝缘气体的放电特性的研究对其不完全适用。However, discharge faults often occur in the actual operation of GIT, and their frequency accounts for a large proportion of the total number of faults. It has become the main fault that causes abnormal operation and insulation defects of GIT. In severe cases, it may even cause dielectric breakdown and complete loss of insulation performance, causing serious problems. It has serious impact on the safe and stable operation of GIT. Especially for new environmentally friendly insulating gases, previous studies have found that environmentally friendly insulating gases will decompose under discharge faults, causing an overall decrease in insulation performance, and have poor self-recovery properties. They cannot use the self-recovery properties of SF 6 gas within a period of time after discharge. The insulation level can still be restored and maintained stable. Under severe discharge faults, due to the continued decomposition of the environmentally friendly insulating gas, the insulation may gradually deteriorate until the insulation performance is completely lost. Therefore, the electrical stability of the environmentally friendly insulating gas used in GIT will be studied. It has important engineering significance. And in view of the use of some special materials and structures in GIT, for example, GIT often uses polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film as its winding insulation material, etc., which makes the internal discharge situation more complicated. At present, environmental protection measures have been carried out. Research on the discharge characteristics of insulating gases is not fully applicable to them.

因此,需要提出面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性的评估装置及方法,对环保绝缘气体开展试验,探究其在GIT应用中遇放电故障时表现出的稳定性并进行评估,能够为GIT的发展进一步探索各种环保绝缘气体对其的适用性,且为采用环保绝缘气体的GIT在运行维护中电稳定性能的评估提供了技术指导。Therefore, it is necessary to propose an evaluation device and method for the electrical stability of environmentally friendly insulating gases for GIT applications, conduct tests on environmentally friendly insulating gases, explore and evaluate their stability when encountering discharge faults in GIT applications, and provide guidance for GIT applications. The development further explores the applicability of various environmentally friendly insulating gases to it, and provides technical guidance for the evaluation of the electrical stability performance of GITs using environmentally friendly insulating gases during operation and maintenance.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的在于,提供了一种面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性的评估装置及方法,模拟GIT内部结构搭建特征装置模型开展试验,能够综合多种放电情况的多类型试验数据对环保绝缘气体在GIT中应用的电稳定性进行评估并提供电稳定性指数作为评估结果,为GIT的发展进一步探索各种环保绝缘气体对其的适用性,且为采用环保绝缘气体的GIT在运行维护中电稳定性能的评估提供了技术指导。In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an evaluation device and method for the electrical stability of environmentally friendly insulating gases for GIT applications, simulate the internal structure of GIT to build a characteristic device model to conduct tests, and be able to comprehensively analyze various discharge conditions. Multiple types of test data evaluate the electrical stability of environmentally friendly insulating gases used in GIT and provide electrical stability indexes as evaluation results, further exploring the applicability of various environmentally friendly insulating gases for the development of GIT, and providing guidance for the use of environmentally friendly insulation The gas GIT provides technical guidance for the evaluation of electrical stability performance during operation and maintenance.

为了实现上述目的,本发明提供的技术方案如下:In order to achieve the above objects, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows:

第一方面,本发明提供面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置,包括罐体和设置于罐体中的模拟GIT中典型缺陷物理模型;In the first aspect, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device for GIT applications, including a tank and a physical model of typical defects in simulated GIT arranged in the tank;

所述罐体为一密封罐体,设置有进出气口;The tank is a sealed tank and is provided with an air inlet and outlet;

所述模拟GIT中典型缺陷物理模型包括放电四针电极模型、气-固沿面闪络放电模型和绕组匝间放电模型;The typical defect physical models in the simulated GIT include the discharge four-pin electrode model, the gas-solid surface flashover discharge model and the winding inter-turn discharge model;

所述放电四针电极模型包括平板电极以及垂直于平板电极的四针电极;The discharge four-pin electrode model includes a flat electrode and a four-pin electrode perpendicular to the flat electrode;

所述气-固沿面闪络放电模型包括针电极、绝缘板和平板电极;所述绝缘板设置于平板电极上,针电极垂直于平板电极,位于绝缘板一侧;The gas-solid surface flashover discharge model includes a needle electrode, an insulating plate and a flat electrode; the insulating plate is arranged on the flat electrode, and the needle electrode is perpendicular to the flat electrode and located on one side of the insulating plate;

所述绕组匝间放电模型包括第一、第二导电杆;两导电杆包裹有GIT薄膜材料,竖向平行设置,穿出罐体侧壁并进行密封处理;The winding inter-turn discharge model includes first and second conductive rods; the two conductive rods are wrapped with GIT film material, are arranged vertically in parallel, penetrate the side wall of the tank and are sealed;

所述稳定性评估装置通过选择不同的模拟GIT中典型缺陷物理模型以实施不同测试。The stability evaluation device implements different tests by selecting different physical models that simulate typical defects in GIT.

进一步,所述罐体为带盖罐体,盖上设置有进出气口并连接有导管。Further, the tank is a tank with a lid, and the lid is provided with an air inlet and outlet and is connected to a conduit.

进一步,所述放电四针电极模型中,所述四针电极为爪型结构,其上端通过固定杆连接于罐体;平板电极通过固定杆连接于罐体。Further, in the discharge four-pin electrode model, the four-pin electrode has a claw-shaped structure, and its upper end is connected to the tank body through a fixed rod; the flat electrode is connected to the tank body through a fixed rod.

进一步,所述气-固沿面闪络放电模型中,针电极下端为尖端,上端到下端为变径平滑过渡,针电极通过固定杆连接到罐体;平板电极通过固定杆连接于罐体。Furthermore, in the gas-solid surface flashover discharge model, the lower end of the needle electrode is a tip, and the upper end to the lower end is a smooth transition of diameter. The needle electrode is connected to the tank body through a fixed rod; the flat electrode is connected to the tank body through a fixed rod.

进一步,所述绕组匝间放电模型中,所述导电杆为方形铜线,第一导电杆和第二导电杆竖直投影部分重合,分别从罐体两侧穿出。Further, in the winding inter-turn discharge model, the conductive rod is a square copper wire, and the vertical projections of the first conductive rod and the second conductive rod overlap and pass out from both sides of the tank respectively.

进一步,所述气-固沿面闪络放电模型中,绝缘板为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜或绝缘纸板;所述绕组匝间放电模型中,GIT薄膜材料为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。Further, in the gas-solid surface flashover discharge model, the insulating board is polyethylene terephthalate film or insulating cardboard; in the winding inter-turn discharge model, the GIT film material is polyethylene terephthalate. glycol esters.

进一步,电极上施加电压以进行测试。Further, voltage is applied to the electrodes for testing.

进一步,所述环保绝缘气体包括:常规气体,如N2、CO2和干燥空气等;SF6混合气体,如SF6分别与N2、CO2等气体混合;全氟碳化合物气体(PFCs),如CF4、C2F6、C3F8和八氟环丁烷(c-C4F8)等;强电负性气体,如三氟碘甲烷(CF3I)、氟化腈类物质(PFNs)中的C4F7N、氟化酮类物质(PFKs)中的C5F10O和C6F12O以及氢氟烯烃类物质(HFOs)等。Further, the environmentally friendly insulating gas includes: conventional gases, such as N 2 , CO 2 and dry air; SF 6 mixed gas, such as SF 6 mixed with N 2 , CO 2 and other gases respectively; perfluorocarbon gases (PFCs) , such as CF 4 , C 2 F 6 , C 3 F 8 and octafluorocyclobutane (cC 4 F 8 ), etc.; strongly electronegative gases, such as trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I), fluorinated nitrile substances C 4 F 7 N in (PFNs), C 5 F 10 O and C 6 F 12 O in fluorinated ketones (PFKs), and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), etc.

第二方面,本发明提供利用第一方面装置进行环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估的方法,包括以下步骤:In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the electrical stability of environmentally friendly insulating gases using the device of the first aspect, which includes the following steps:

(1)放电试验测试:利用面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置对环保绝缘气体进行放电试验,包括低能放电试验、高能放电试验和闪络放电试验,试验过程中施加不同的外加电压;(1) Discharge test: Use the environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device for GIT applications to conduct discharge tests on environmentally friendly insulating gases, including low-energy discharge tests, high-energy discharge tests and flashover discharge tests. Different applied voltages are applied during the test ;

(2)评估参考数据获取:分别获取各项试验的物理化学特征参数作为评估参考数据,特征参数包括三类:放电特征参数、气体分解组分特征参数以及GIT内材料性能变化表征参数,分别从放电故障直接情况、环保绝缘气体分解情况和GIT材料特性三个角度综合反映放电严重程度以及放电故障对GIT内部运行情况的影响;(2) Acquisition of evaluation reference data: Obtain the physical and chemical characteristic parameters of each test as evaluation reference data. The characteristic parameters include three categories: discharge characteristic parameters, gas decomposition component characteristic parameters and material performance change characterization parameters within GIT, respectively. The direct situation of discharge failure, the decomposition of environmentally friendly insulating gas and the characteristics of GIT materials comprehensively reflect the severity of discharge and the impact of discharge failure on the internal operation of GIT;

(3)开展综合定量评估,获得环保绝缘气体GIT内应用的电稳定指数:综合评估参考数据,逐类逐级赋予相应权重进行加权计算整合,最终获得该环保绝缘气体面向GIT应用的电稳定指数。(3) Carry out a comprehensive quantitative assessment to obtain the electrical stability index of the environmentally friendly insulating gas used in GIT: comprehensively assess the reference data, assign corresponding weights to each category and perform weighted calculation integration, and finally obtain the electrical stability index of the environmentally friendly insulating gas for GIT applications. .

进一步,所述步骤(1)中,低能放电试验用于局部放电测试,高能放电试验用于电弧放电测试,每个类型放电试验均有组测试,/>根据设置的外加电压试验条件的个数确定;Further, in the step (1), the low-energy discharge test is used for partial discharge test, and the high-energy discharge test is used for arc discharge test. Each type of discharge test has Group test,/> Determined according to the number of set applied voltage test conditions;

低能放电试验分为对GIT内金属材料和绝缘材料开展;对GIT内金属材料放电试验采用四针板电极模型开展;对GIT内绝缘材料放电试验采用绕组匝间放电模型开展;The low-energy discharge test is carried out on metal materials and insulating materials in the GIT; the discharge test on the metal materials in the GIT is carried out using a four-pin plate electrode model; the discharge test on the insulating materials in the GIT is carried out using the winding inter-turn discharge model;

高能放电试验分为对GIT内金属材料和绝缘材料开展;对GIT内金属材料放电试验采用四针板电极模型开展;对GIT内绝缘材料放电试验采用绕组匝间放电模型开展;The high-energy discharge test is carried out on metal materials and insulating materials in the GIT; the discharge test on the metal materials in the GIT is carried out using a four-pin plate electrode model; the discharge test on the insulating material in the GIT is carried out using the winding inter-turn discharge model;

闪络放电试验采用气-固沿面闪络放电模型开展,在模型两端施加高电压引发沿面闪络。The flashover discharge test was carried out using a gas-solid surface flashover discharge model. High voltage was applied to both ends of the model to induce surface flashover.

进一步,所述步骤(2)中,Further, in step (2),

为放电特征参数类建立集合,放电特征参数类包含参数项/>,分别为起始放电电压、击穿电压、放电能量、放电频率以及放电最大幅值,即集合/>中共有5个元素,Create a collection for the discharge characteristic parameter class , the discharge characteristic parameter class contains parameter items/> , respectively, are the initial discharge voltage, breakdown voltage, discharge energy, discharge frequency and discharge maximum amplitude, that is, the set/> There are 5 elements in total, ;

为气体分解组分特征参数类建立集合,气体分解组分特征参数类包含参数项/>为所测试的环保绝缘气体的各种表征放电故障严重程度的特征气体分解组分,则集合/>中元素个数根据所测试的环保绝缘气体的放电分解特性确定,取集合/>元素为/>个,则Create a collection for the gas decomposition component characteristic parameter class , the gas decomposition component characteristic parameter class contains parameter items/> For the various characteristic gas decomposition components of the tested environmentally friendly insulating gases that indicate the severity of discharge faults, the set/> The number of elements in the medium is determined based on the discharge decomposition characteristics of the environmentally friendly insulating gas tested, and the set is taken/> The element is/> one, then ;

为GIT内材料性能变化表征参数类建立集合,GIT内材料性能变化表征参数类包含参数项/>,分别为金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、绝缘材料劣化程度、固体析出量,即集合/>中共有3个元素,/>Create a collection for the material property change characterization parameter class in GIT , the material performance change characterization parameter class in GIT contains parameter items/> , respectively, are the severity of discharge traces on the surface of metal materials, the degree of deterioration of insulating materials, and the amount of solid precipitation, that is, the set/> There are 3 elements in total,/> .

进一步,所述步骤(3)包括以下子步骤:Further, the step (3) includes the following sub-steps:

针对各类型放电试验施加不同外加电压试验条件下的三类评估参考数据的各类内的各子项数据进行第一级加权:对各项放电特征参数进行第一级第一类加权,赋予第一级第一类的相应权重,获得该试验条件下放电特征指数;对各项气体分解组分特征参数进行第一级第二类加权,赋予第一级第二类的相应权重,获得该试验条件下气体分解组分特征指数;对各项GIT内材料性能变化表征参数进行第一级第三类加权,赋予第一级第三类的相应权重,获得该试验条件下GIT内材料性能变化特征指数;The first-level weighting is performed on each sub-item data within each category of the three categories of evaluation reference data under different applied voltage test conditions for various types of discharge tests: the first-level and first-category weighting is performed on each discharge characteristic parameter, and the first-level weighting is performed. The corresponding weight of the first level and the first category is used to obtain the discharge characteristic index under the test conditions; the first level and second category weighting is performed on the characteristic parameters of each gas decomposition component, and the corresponding weight of the first level and the second category is given to obtain the test Characteristic index of gas decomposition components under the conditions; perform first-level and third-category weighting on various characterization parameters of material performance changes in GIT, and assign corresponding weights to the first-level and third category to obtain the characteristics of material performance changes in GIT under the test conditions. index;

针对各类型放电试验施加不同外加电压试验条件下的三类评估参考数据的各类特征指数进行第二级加权:分别对该试验条件下的放电特征指数、气体分解组分特征指数和GIT内材料性能变化特征指数赋予第二级的相应权重,获得该试验条件下放电评估参考指数;The second-level weighting is performed on the various characteristic indexes of the three types of evaluation reference data under different applied voltage test conditions for various types of discharge tests: the discharge characteristic index, the gas decomposition component characteristic index and the materials in the GIT under the test conditions. The performance change characteristic index gives the corresponding weight to the second level to obtain the reference index for discharge evaluation under the test conditions;

针对各类型放电试验在施加不同外加电压试验条件下的放电评估参考指数进行第三级加权,赋予第三级的相应权重,获得各类型放电试验的综合放电指数;The third level weighting is performed on the discharge evaluation reference index of each type of discharge test under different applied voltage test conditions, and the corresponding weight of the third level is given to obtain the comprehensive discharge index of each type of discharge test;

针对各类型放电试验的综合放电指数进行第四级加权,赋予第四级的相应权重,获得该环保绝缘气体面向GIT应用的电稳定指数。The comprehensive discharge index of each type of discharge test is weighted at the fourth level, and the corresponding weight of the fourth level is given to obtain the electrical stability index of this environmentally friendly insulating gas for GIT applications.

更进一步,所述步骤(3)的子步骤中:Furthermore, in the sub-steps of step (3):

所述的第一级第一类加权,为在各放电类型不同外加电压的组试验中对其中第组外加电压条件试验所得数据,赋予各项放电特征参数/>第一级第一类权重/>,权重满足/>The first level and first type of weighting are the weights of different applied voltages for each discharge type. In the group of experiments, the The data obtained from the set of external voltage condition tests are assigned to various discharge characteristic parameters/> First level, first category weight/> , the weight satisfies/> ;

针对局部放电试验,起始放电电压、击穿电压的权重之和为0.8,剩余参数权重之和为0.2;For the partial discharge test, the sum of the weights of the initial discharge voltage and breakdown voltage is 0.8, and the sum of the weights of the remaining parameters is 0.2;

其中,起始放电电压参数权重取为,则击穿电压参数权重为0.8减去起始放电电压参数权重得到;放电最大幅值权重取为;放电频率权重可取为/>Among them, the starting discharge voltage parameter weight is taken as , then the breakdown voltage parameter weight is 0.8 minus the initial discharge voltage parameter weight; the maximum discharge amplitude weight is taken as ;The discharge frequency weight can be taken as/> ;

针对电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验,起始放电电压和击穿电压放电特征参数权重依次为0.2、0.8;For the arc discharge test and flashover discharge test, the weights of the initial discharge voltage and breakdown voltage discharge characteristic parameters are 0.2 and 0.8 respectively;

获得该试验条件下放电特征指数Obtain the discharge characteristic index under the test conditions ;

所述的第一级第二类加权,赋予各项气体分解组分特征参数第一级第二类权重/>,权重满足/>;将选择的特征气体分为代表性气体类及其他气体类,首先确定代表性气体类的总占比为/>,对于代表性气体类内各气体权重赋值,最具代表性气体的权重取为/>,其余代表性气体按含量数量级分配剩余的权重值;对于其他类气体,按照其在其他类气体内的含量占比进行权重赋值;所述最具代表性气体为特征气体分解组分中在放电严重程度提高时含量增长最大的气体,或者在最严重放电时才产生的气体,能够最大程度的反映故障的严重程度;The first-level and second-level weighting gives each gas decomposition component characteristic parameters. First level and second type weight/> , the weight satisfies/> ; Divide the selected characteristic gases into representative gas categories and other gas categories, first determine the total proportion of representative gas categories as/> , for the weight assignment of each gas within the representative gas category, the weight of the most representative gas is taken as/> , the remaining representative gases are assigned the remaining weight values according to the order of content; for other types of gases, weights are assigned according to their content proportions in other types of gases; the most representative gas is the characteristic gas decomposition component in the discharge The gas whose content increases the most when the severity increases, or the gas that is produced only when the discharge is the most severe, can reflect the severity of the fault to the greatest extent;

获得该试验条件下气体分解组分特征指数Obtain the characteristic index of gas decomposition components under the test conditions ;

所述的第一级第三类加权,赋予各项GIT内材料性能变化表征参数第一级第三类权重/>,权重满足/>;其中,针对局部放电试验,金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、固体析出量参数权重依次为0.6、0.4;针对电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验,金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、绝缘材料劣化程度、固体析出量参数权重依次为0.4、0.4、0.2;The first-level and third-level weighting is given to each parameter representing changes in material properties within the GIT. The first level and the third type of weight/> , the weight satisfies/> ; Among them, for the partial discharge test, the severity of discharge traces on the surface of the metal material and the amount of solid precipitation are 0.6 and 0.4 respectively; for the arc discharge test and flashover discharge test, the severity of the discharge traces on the surface of the metal material, the degree of deterioration of the insulation material, The weights of solid precipitation parameters are 0.4, 0.4, and 0.2;

获得该试验条件下GIT内材料性能变化特征指数Obtain the characteristic index of material performance change in GIT under the test conditions ;

所述的第二级加权,为在各放电类型不同外加电压的组试验中对其中第/>组外加电压条件试验所得的三类特征指数:放电特征指数/>、气体分解组分特征指数/>和GIT内材料性能变化特征指数/>分别赋予第二级权重/>、/>和/>,权重满足;/>、/>和/>依次为0.3、0.3、0.4;The second level weighting is based on the different applied voltages for each discharge type. Among the group of tests/> Three types of characteristic indexes obtained from the test under applied voltage conditions: Discharge characteristic index/> , gas decomposition component characteristic index/> and material performance change characteristic index within GIT/> Give second-level weights/> ,/> and/> , the weight satisfies ;/> ,/> and/> The order is 0.3, 0.3, 0.4;

获得该试验条件下放电评估参考指数Obtain the discharge evaluation reference index under the test conditions ;

所述的第三级加权,分别赋予各放电类型不同外加电压的组试验的放电评估参考指数/>第三级权重/>,其中/>,权重满足/>The third level of weighting gives each discharge type different applied voltages. Discharge evaluation reference index for group tests/> Third level weight/> , of which/> , the weight satisfies/> ;

根据所加电压数值的梯度,按对应比例选取权重,获得各类型放电试验的综合放电指数,其中/>代表放电试验类型,/>According to the gradient of the applied voltage value, select the weight according to the corresponding proportion to obtain the comprehensive discharge index of each type of discharge test , of which/> Represents the discharge test type,/> ;

所述的第四级加权,分别赋予各类型放电试验的综合放电指数第四级权重/>,权重满足/>;其中,低能、高能和闪络放电试验下的综合放电指数权重依次为0.2、0.4、0.4,获得该环保绝缘气体面向GIT应用的电稳定指数/>The fourth level of weighting is assigned a comprehensive discharge index for each type of discharge test. Fourth level weight/> , the weight satisfies/> ; Among them, the comprehensive discharge index weights under low-energy, high-energy and flashover discharge tests are 0.2, 0.4, and 0.4 in order, obtaining the electrical stability index of this environmentally friendly insulating gas for GIT applications/> .

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明提供了一种面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性的评估装置及方法,模拟GIT内部结构搭建特征装置模型开展试验,充分考虑了GIT内部使用的一些特殊材料和复杂结构,而之前已开展的对于环保绝缘气体的放电特性的研究未考虑以上因素,则其试验模型对环保绝缘气体在GIT中开展放电性能评估不完全适用。因此,本发明提供的面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性的评估装置及方法能够解决上述问题,能够综合多种放电情况的多类型试验数据对环保绝缘气体在GIT中应用的电稳定性进行评估并提供电稳定性指数作为评估结果,为GIT的发展进一步探索各种环保绝缘气体对其的适用性,且为采用环保绝缘气体的GIT在运行维护中电稳定性能的评估提供了技术指导。The present invention provides an evaluation device and method for the electrical stability of environmentally friendly insulating gases for GIT applications. It simulates the internal structure of GIT and builds a characteristic device model to conduct tests, fully considering some special materials and complex structures used inside GIT, which have been previously The research carried out on the discharge characteristics of environmentally friendly insulating gases did not consider the above factors, so the test model is not fully applicable to the discharge performance evaluation of environmentally friendly insulating gases in GIT. Therefore, the evaluation device and method for the electrical stability of environmentally friendly insulating gases for GIT applications provided by the present invention can solve the above problems, and can comprehensively evaluate the electrical stability of environmentally friendly insulating gases in GITs by integrating multiple types of test data from various discharge conditions. Evaluate and provide the electrical stability index as the evaluation result, further explore the applicability of various environmentally friendly insulating gases for the development of GIT, and provide technical guidance for the evaluation of the electrical stability performance of GIT using environmentally friendly insulating gases during operation and maintenance.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1是本发明中不锈钢罐体及其组件组成的气体放电平台结构示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas discharge platform composed of a stainless steel tank and its components in the present invention;

图2是本发明中四针电极模型结构示意图;Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the four-pin electrode model in the present invention;

图3是本发明中气-固沿面闪络放电模型结构示意图;Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the gas-solid surface flashover discharge model in the present invention;

图4是本发明中绕组匝间放电模型结构示意图;Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the winding inter-turn discharge model in the present invention;

图5是本发明中面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估方法的流程示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic flow chart of the electrical stability evaluation method of environmentally friendly insulating gas for GIT applications in the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,均属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

实施例1Example 1

图1示出了面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性的评估装置的结构,包括:Figure 1 shows the structure of an evaluation device for the electrical stability of environmentally friendly insulating gases for GIT applications, including:

罐体1和设置于罐体中的模拟GIT中典型缺陷物理模型;Tank 1 and the physical model of typical defects in the simulated GIT installed in the tank;

所述罐体1为一密封罐体,设置有进出气口;The tank 1 is a sealed tank and is provided with an air inlet and outlet;

所述模拟GIT中典型缺陷物理模型包括放电四针电极模型,如图2示;气-固沿面闪络放电模型,如图3示;和绕组匝间放电模型,如图4示。Typical defect physical models in the simulated GIT include a discharge four-pin electrode model, as shown in Figure 2; a gas-solid surface flashover discharge model, as shown in Figure 3; and a winding inter-turn discharge model, as shown in Figure 4.

所述放电四针电极模型包括平板电极12以及垂直于平板电极12的四针电极11;The discharge four-pin electrode model includes a flat electrode 12 and a four-pin electrode 11 perpendicular to the flat electrode 12;

所述气-固沿面闪络放电模型包括针电极14、绝缘板15和平板电极12;所述绝缘板15设置于平板电极12上,针电极14垂直于平板电极12,位于绝缘板15一侧;The gas-solid surface flashover discharge model includes a needle electrode 14, an insulating plate 15 and a flat electrode 12; the insulating plate 15 is arranged on the flat electrode 12, and the needle electrode 14 is perpendicular to the flat electrode 12 and is located on one side of the insulating plate 15 ;

所述绕组匝间放电模型包括第一、二导电杆;两导电杆包裹有GIT薄膜材料10,竖向平行设置,穿出罐体1侧壁并进行密封处理;The winding inter-turn discharge model includes first and second conductive rods; the two conductive rods are wrapped with GIT film material 10, are arranged vertically in parallel, penetrate the side wall of the tank 1 and are sealed;

所述稳定性评估装置通过选择不同的模拟GIT中典型缺陷物理模型以实施不同测试。The stability evaluation device implements different tests by selecting different physical models that simulate typical defects in GIT.

作为一种具体的实施方式,所述罐体1为带盖罐体,盖上设置有进出气口并连接有导气管5,导气管5上设置有带旋钮气阀6;罐体1通过六角螺栓2和螺母4固定,采用垫片3、密封件7进行密封。As a specific implementation, the tank 1 is a tank with a lid. The lid is provided with an air inlet and outlet and is connected to an air guide 5. The air guide 5 is provided with an air valve 6 with a knob; the tank 1 is connected with a hexagonal bolt. 2 and nut 4 are fixed, and gasket 3 and seal 7 are used for sealing.

作为一种具体的实施方式,所述放电四针电极模型中,所述四针电极为爪型结构,其上端通过固定杆13连接于罐体1上端,固定杆13穿出上盖,穿出部分套有绝缘套管8;平板电极12通过固定杆13连接于罐体1下端。As a specific implementation manner, in the discharge four-pin electrode model, the four-pin electrode has a claw-shaped structure, and its upper end is connected to the upper end of the tank 1 through a fixing rod 13. The fixing rod 13 passes through the upper cover and goes out. Part of it is covered with an insulating sleeve 8; the flat electrode 12 is connected to the lower end of the tank 1 through a fixed rod 13.

作为一种改进的实施例,所述放电四针电极模型中,每根针电极直径为0.9mm,针电极最下端与平板电极间距为10mm;所述的四针电极和平板电极的材质分别为硅钢和铜材质,所述的固定杆采用不锈钢材质。As an improved embodiment, in the discharge four-pin electrode model, the diameter of each needle electrode is 0.9mm, and the distance between the lowermost end of the needle electrode and the flat electrode is 10mm; the materials of the four-pin electrode and the flat electrode are respectively It is made of silicon steel and copper, and the fixed rod is made of stainless steel.

作为一种具体的实施方式,所述气-固沿面闪络放电模型中,针电极14下端为尖端,上端到下端为变径平滑过渡,针电极14通过固定杆13连接到罐体上端,固定杆13穿出上盖,穿出部分套有绝缘套管8;平板电极12通过固定杆连接于罐体1。As a specific implementation method, in the gas-solid surface flashover discharge model, the lower end of the needle electrode 14 is a tip, and the upper end to the lower end is a smooth transition of diameter. The needle electrode 14 is connected to the upper end of the tank through a fixed rod 13, and is fixed The rod 13 passes through the upper cover, and the outgoing part is covered with an insulating sleeve 8; the flat electrode 12 is connected to the tank 1 through a fixed rod.

作为一种改进的实施例,所述气-固沿面闪络放电模型中,针电极采用铜材质,上端直径为10mm,最下端制成约0.15mm曲率半径的尖端,为使针电极上下端直径变化平滑过渡,在中间设计一过渡阶梯,直径为5mm。针电极最下端与GIT内固体绝缘材料上表面间距为0.5mm。As an improved embodiment, in the gas-solid surface flashover discharge model, the needle electrode is made of copper, the upper end has a diameter of 10mm, and the lower end is made into a tip with a curvature radius of about 0.15mm. In order to make the upper and lower diameters of the needle electrode The change transition is smooth, and a transition step is designed in the middle with a diameter of 5mm. The distance between the lowest end of the needle electrode and the upper surface of the solid insulating material in the GIT is 0.5mm.

作为一种具体的实施方式,所述绕组匝间放电模型中,所述导电杆9为方形铜线,第一导电杆和第二导电杆竖直投影部分重合,分别从罐体1两侧穿出,穿出部分套有绝缘套管8。As a specific implementation manner, in the winding inter-turn discharge model, the conductive rod 9 is a square copper wire. The vertical projections of the first conductive rod and the second conductive rod partially overlap and pass through both sides of the tank 1 respectively. The outgoing part is covered with an insulating sleeve 8.

作为一种改进的实施例,所述绕组匝间放电模型中,导电杆9尺寸为2.2mm10mm,两根导电杆之间间距为1mm,竖直投影重合长度为100mm;GIT薄膜材料对导电杆进行致密包裹,包裹厚度为0.5mm。As an improved embodiment, in the winding inter-turn discharge model, the size of the conductive rod 9 is 2.2mm. 10mm, the distance between the two conductive rods is 1mm, and the vertical projection overlap length is 100mm; the GIT film material densely wraps the conductive rods, and the wrapping thickness is 0.5mm.

作为一种具体的实施方式,所述气-固沿面闪络放电模型中,绝缘板由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜或绝缘纸板组成;具体为:将10层每层厚度为0.05mm的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)薄膜叠放在平板电极上,或将绝缘纸板制成4mm厚放置在平板电极上,并将外层PET薄膜与不锈钢罐体连接,可靠接地。利用所述的上下导电杆与PET薄膜结构模型模拟GIT中的绕组线匝结构。As a specific implementation, in the gas-solid surface flashover discharge model, the insulating board is composed of polyethylene terephthalate film or insulating cardboard; specifically: 10 layers each with a thickness of 0.05mm Stack the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film on the flat electrode, or make insulating cardboard 4mm thick and place it on the flat electrode, and connect the outer PET film to the stainless steel tank to ensure reliable grounding. The upper and lower conductive rods and PET film structure models are used to simulate the winding turn structure in the GIT.

作为一种具体的实施方式,所述绕组匝间放电模型中,GIT薄膜材料为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)薄膜材料。As a specific implementation, in the winding inter-turn discharge model, the GIT film material is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film material.

作为一种具体的实施方式,电极上施加电压以进行测试。As a specific implementation, voltage is applied to the electrodes for testing.

实施例2Example 2

本实施例提供利用实施例1的装置实施面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估方法,如图5示,具体步骤如下:This embodiment provides an environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation method for GIT applications using the device of Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 5. The specific steps are as follows:

S1,放电试验测试:利用所述的面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置以及一系列反映GIT内部结构的放电缺陷模型对环保绝缘气体进行放电试验,主要包括低能放电试验、高能放电试验和闪络放电试验,且考虑各类型放电试验施加不同外加电压的试验条件;S1. Discharge test: Use the environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device for GIT applications and a series of discharge defect models reflecting the internal structure of GIT to conduct discharge tests on environmentally friendly insulating gases, mainly including low-energy discharge tests and high-energy discharge tests. and flashover discharge tests, and consider the test conditions of different applied voltages for each type of discharge test;

S2,评估参考数据获取:分别获取各项试验的若干物理化学特征参数作为评估参考数据,获取的评估参考数据包括为三类:放电特征参数、气体分解组分特征参数以及GIT内材料性能变化表征参数,分别从放电故障直接情况、环保绝缘气体分解情况和GIT材料特性三个角度综合反映放电严重程度以及放电故障对GIT内部运行情况的影响;S2, Acquisition of evaluation reference data: Obtain several physical and chemical characteristic parameters of each test as evaluation reference data. The obtained evaluation reference data includes three categories: discharge characteristic parameters, gas decomposition component characteristic parameters, and characterization of material performance changes in GIT. The parameters comprehensively reflect the severity of discharge and the impact of discharge failure on the internal operation of GIT from three perspectives: the direct situation of discharge failure, the decomposition of environmentally friendly insulating gas and the characteristics of GIT materials;

S3,开展综合定量评估,获得环保绝缘气体GIT内应用的电稳定指数:综合各类型放电试验所获取的全部三类评估参考数据,逐类逐级赋予相应权重进行加权计算整合,最终获得该环保绝缘气体面向GIT应用的电稳定指数。S3, carry out a comprehensive quantitative assessment to obtain the electrical stability index applied in the environmentally friendly insulating gas GIT: comprehensively combine all three types of evaluation reference data obtained from various types of discharge tests, assign corresponding weights to each category step by step for weighted calculation integration, and finally obtain the environmentally friendly insulating gas Electrical stability index of insulating gases for GIT applications.

下面通过具体的实施例对上述面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估方法进行阐述,环保绝缘气体以C4F7N/CO2混合气体为例开展面向GIT应用的电稳定性评估,步骤如下:The above-mentioned environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation method for GIT applications is described below through specific examples. The environmentally friendly insulating gas uses C 4 F 7 N/CO 2 mixed gas as an example to carry out the electrical stability evaluation for GIT applications. The steps as follows:

步骤1,放电试验测试:对于C4F7N/CO2混合气体依次进行低能放电试验、高能放电试验和闪络放电试验;Step 1, discharge test test: Carry out low-energy discharge test, high-energy discharge test and flashover discharge test in sequence for C 4 F 7 N/CO 2 mixed gas;

低能放电试验主要进行局部放电故障的测试,高能放电试验主要进行电弧放电故障的测试;各类型放电试验分别施加一系列外加电压的试验条件进行测试,局部放电试验外加电压范围设置为10 kV~18 kV,外加电压阶梯设置为2 kV,即对每个类型放电均进行5组试验The low-energy discharge test mainly tests for partial discharge faults, and the high-energy discharge test mainly tests for arc discharge faults. Each type of discharge test applies a series of test conditions of applied voltage for testing. The applied voltage range of the partial discharge test is set to 10 kV~18 kV, the external voltage step is set to 2 kV, that is, 5 sets of tests are conducted for each type of discharge .

低能放电试验进行的局部放电故障测试、高能放电试验进行的电弧放电故障测试均分为对GIT内金属材料放电试验以及对GIT内绝缘材料放电试验;对GIT内金属材料放电试验采用图1所示的放电试验平台,平台中间的放电试验区内采用图2所示的对环保绝缘气体进行频繁局部放电试验的放电四针电极模型;对GIT内绝缘材料放电试验采用图4所示的对环保绝缘气体模拟GIT绕组匝间放电试验的绕组匝间放电模型。The partial discharge fault test carried out in the low-energy discharge test and the arc discharge fault test carried out in the high-energy discharge test are divided into discharge tests on the metal materials in the GIT and discharge tests on the insulating materials in the GIT; the discharge tests on the metal materials in the GIT are as shown in Figure 1 The discharge test platform, the discharge test area in the middle of the platform uses the discharge four-pin electrode model shown in Figure 2 for frequent partial discharge tests on environmentally friendly insulating gases; the discharge test on the insulating materials in GIT uses the environmentally friendly insulation shown in Figure 4 Winding inter-turn discharge model for gas simulation GIT winding inter-turn discharge test.

在高能放电试验时,对GIT内绝缘材料放电试验采用图4所示的绕组匝间放电模型,为了加强电弧放电效果,可在装置的上下导电杆之间连接一条直径为0.5mm的引弧导线,采用铜材质。During the high-energy discharge test, the inter-winding discharge model shown in Figure 4 is used for the discharge test of the insulating material in the GIT. In order to enhance the arc discharge effect, an arc starting wire with a diameter of 0.5mm can be connected between the upper and lower conductive rods of the device. , made of copper material.

在本实施例中,在低能放电试验仅进行对GIT内金属材料放电试验,在高能放电试验仅进行对GIT内绝缘材料放电试验。In this embodiment, in the low-energy discharge test, only the discharge test on the metal materials in the GIT is performed, and in the high-energy discharge test, only the discharge test on the insulating materials in the GIT is performed.

闪络放电试验测试采用图1所示的放电试验平台,平台中间的放电试验区内采用图3所示的气-固沿面闪络放电模型;The flashover discharge test uses the discharge test platform shown in Figure 1, and the gas-solid along-surface flashover discharge model shown in Figure 3 is used in the discharge test area in the middle of the platform;

开展各类型放电试验时,首先将模型和试验平台使用蘸有酒精的无纺布擦拭至洁净,盖好不锈钢气罐顶盖,扭紧四周的六角螺丝,检查试验装置气密性,利用真空泵将不锈钢罐体内抽至真空,依次充入CO2气体和C4F7N气体,使总气压为0.2MPa,C4F7N气体含量占比为20%,静置24小时,之后将装置的正极引出线与交流高压电源的正极相连,负极引出线与交流高压电源的负极相连,不锈钢罐体外壳可靠接地,调整外加电压依次进行5组试验。When carrying out various types of discharge tests, first wipe the model and test platform with a non-woven cloth dipped in alcohol until clean, cover the top cover of the stainless steel gas tank, tighten the surrounding hexagonal screws, check the air tightness of the test device, and use a vacuum pump to The stainless steel tank is evacuated to a vacuum, and CO 2 gas and C 4 F 7 N gas are filled in sequence so that the total air pressure is 0.2MPa and the C 4 F 7 N gas content is 20%. Let it stand for 24 hours, and then put the device The positive lead wire is connected to the positive pole of the AC high-voltage power supply, and the negative lead wire is connected to the negative pole of the AC high-voltage power supply. The stainless steel tank shell is reliably grounded. Adjust the applied voltage and conduct 5 sets of tests in sequence.

步骤2,评估参考数据获取:对步骤1中开展的各类型各组试验均采集以下三类数据:放电特征参数、气体分解组分特征参数以及GIT内材料性能变化表征参数;Step 2: Acquisition of evaluation reference data: The following three types of data are collected for each type and group of tests carried out in step 1: discharge characteristic parameters, gas decomposition component characteristic parameters, and material performance change characterization parameters within the GIT;

为放电特征参数类建立集合,放电特征参数类包含参数项/>为起始放电电压、击穿电压、放电能量、放电频率以及放电最大幅值,即集合/>中共有5个元素,,在实验开始前利用相应装置对C4F7N/CO2混合气体进行局部放电起始放电电压、击穿电压的测量,施加多组外加电压时对低能放电试验利用示波器采集放电波形,对高能放电试验、闪络放电试验利用高压探针采集放电电压波形、利用罗氏线圈采集放电电流波形,记录放电最大幅值,根据电压电流波形积分计算放电能量,取一个交流周期统计放电次数计算放电频率。针对C4F7N/CO2混合气体依次开展局部放电试验、电弧放电试验和闪络放电试验,采用所设计的缺陷模型,测试得到起始放电电压分别为9.3 kV、6.8 kV和7.6kV,击穿电压分别为31.5 kV、21.3 kV和25.8 kV。并按上述条件分别施加一系列外加电压,测试放电能量、放电频率以及放电最大幅值,放电能量采用单次平均放电能量,10 kV~18kV局部放电试验的单次平均放电能量依次为20 pC、23 pC、29 pC、35 pC和41 pC,放电频率依次为36、79、183、315和776次/秒,放电最大幅值依次为0.005 V、0.01 V、0.035 V、0.07 V和0.1 V。Create a collection for the discharge characteristic parameter class , the discharge characteristic parameter class contains parameter items/> is the initial discharge voltage, breakdown voltage, discharge energy, discharge frequency and discharge maximum amplitude, that is, the set/> There are 5 elements in total, Before starting the experiment, use corresponding devices to measure the partial discharge starting discharge voltage and breakdown voltage of the C 4 F 7 N/CO 2 mixed gas. When applying multiple sets of external voltages, use an oscilloscope to collect the discharge waveform for the low-energy discharge test. High-energy discharge tests and flashover discharge tests use high-voltage probes to collect discharge voltage waveforms and Rogowski coils to collect discharge current waveforms, record the maximum amplitude of discharge, calculate discharge energy based on the integration of voltage and current waveforms, and take an AC cycle to count the number of discharges and calculate the discharge frequency. . The partial discharge test, arc discharge test and flashover discharge test were carried out sequentially for the C 4 F 7 N/CO 2 mixed gas. Using the designed defect model, the initial discharge voltages were tested to be 9.3 kV, 6.8 kV and 7.6 kV respectively. The breakdown voltages are 31.5 kV, 21.3 kV and 25.8 kV respectively. And apply a series of external voltages according to the above conditions to test the discharge energy, discharge frequency and discharge maximum amplitude. The discharge energy adopts the single average discharge energy. The single average discharge energy of the 10 kV~18kV partial discharge test is 20 pC, 23 pC, 29 pC, 35 pC and 41 pC, the discharge frequency is 36, 79, 183, 315 and 776 times/second, and the maximum discharge amplitude is 0.005 V, 0.01 V, 0.035 V, 0.07 V and 0.1 V.

为气体分解组分特征参数类建立集合,气体分解组分特征参数类包含参数项/>为所测试的环保绝缘气体的各种表征放电故障严重程度的特征气体分解组分,结合C4F7N/CO2混合气体的放电分解特性,因CO、CF4、C2F6、CF3CN气体为主要气体分解产物,且随放电能量增大上述气体的含量均随之增多,COF2气体在放电严重程度提高时含量增长明显,则可选择上述5种气体作为表征C4F7N/CO2混合气体在GIT内应用的电稳定性的特征气体分解组分,即集合/>中共有5个元素,/>,在进行放电试验后使用气相色谱质谱联用仪对不锈钢气罐内的气体成分进行检测,并利用标准气体对以上所选特征气体分解组分的浓度进行确定,也可进一步采用不同特征气体分解组分含量比值作为气体分解组分特征参数。在上述各放电类型试验过程中检测放电分解的主要气体分解产物CO、CF4、C2F6、CF3CN和COF2的成分含量,针对局部放电试验在加压时间为12h后进行检测,而对电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验在击穿完成后即进行检测。测试得到10kV~18kV局部放电试验的分解产物CO的含量依次为153ppm、178ppm、186ppm、202ppm和231ppm,CF4的含量依次为13ppm、15ppm、16ppm、19ppm和23ppm,C2F6的含量依次为1.4ppm、1.5ppm、1.9ppm、2ppm和2.3ppm,CF3CN的含量依次为1.2ppm、1.2ppm、1.5ppm、1.7ppm和2ppm,COF2的含量依次为0.8ppm、1ppm、1.2ppm、1.3ppm和1.6ppm。电弧放电试验分解产物CO、CF4、C2F6、CF3CN和COF2的含量依次为381ppm、47ppm、5.8ppm、4.9ppm和4.5ppm。闪络放电试验分解产物CO、CF4、C2F6、CF3CN和COF2的含量依次为366ppm、42ppm、5.6ppm、4.5ppm和4.5ppm。Create a collection for the gas decomposition component characteristic parameter class , the gas decomposition component characteristic parameter class contains parameter items/> These are the various characteristic gas decomposition components of the tested environmentally friendly insulating gases that indicate the severity of discharge faults. Combined with the discharge decomposition characteristics of C 4 F 7 N/CO 2 mixed gas, due to CO, CF 4 , C 2 F 6 , CF 3 CN gas is the main gas decomposition product, and the content of the above gases increases as the discharge energy increases. The content of COF 2 gas increases significantly when the discharge severity increases. The above five gases can be selected as characterization C 4 F 7 The characteristic gas decomposition components of the electrical stability of the N/CO 2 mixed gas applied within the GIT, that is, the set/> There are 5 elements in total,/> After conducting the discharge test, use a gas chromatography mass spectrometer to detect the gas components in the stainless steel gas tank, and use standard gas to determine the concentration of the above selected characteristic gas decomposition components. You can also further use different characteristic gas decomposition The component content ratio is used as the characteristic parameter of gas decomposition components. During the above-mentioned discharge type tests, the component contents of the main gas decomposition products of discharge decomposition, CO, CF 4 , C 2 F 6 , CF 3 CN and COF 2 , were detected. For the partial discharge test, the detection was carried out after the pressurization time was 12 hours. The arc discharge test and flashover discharge test are detected after the breakdown is completed. The test results show that the contents of CO, the decomposition products of the 10kV~18kV partial discharge test, are 153ppm, 178ppm, 186ppm, 202ppm and 231ppm, the contents of CF 4 are 13ppm, 15ppm, 16ppm, 19ppm and 23ppm, and the contents of C 2 F 6 are, respectively. 1.4ppm, 1.5ppm, 1.9ppm, 2ppm and 2.3ppm, the content of CF 3 CN is 1.2ppm, 1.2ppm, 1.5ppm, 1.7ppm and 2ppm, and the content of COF 2 is 0.8ppm, 1ppm, 1.2ppm, 1.3 ppm and 1.6ppm. The contents of the decomposition products CO, CF 4 , C 2 F 6 , CF 3 CN and COF 2 in the arc discharge test were 381ppm, 47ppm, 5.8ppm, 4.9ppm and 4.5ppm respectively. The contents of the decomposition products CO, CF 4 , C 2 F 6 , CF 3 CN and COF 2 in the flashover discharge test were 366ppm, 42ppm, 5.6ppm, 4.5ppm and 4.5ppm respectively.

为GIT内材料性能变化表征参数类建立集合,GIT内材料性能变化表征参数类包含参数项/>为金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、绝缘材料劣化程度、固体析出量,即集合/>中共有3个元素,/>,其中,金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度可对表面放电痕迹面积所占金属材料表面总面积的比重进行计算,绝缘材料劣化程度可测量劣化部分体积并计算其与绝缘材料总体积的比值,固体析出量可对表面固体析出面积所占金属材料表面总面积的比重进行计算,更深入可利用X射线光电子能谱法对金属材料表面的析出固体确定各元素的含量。在上述各放电类型试验结束后,测量上述材料性能表征参数,10kV~18kV局部放电试验后金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度依次为11%、14%、16%、18%和23%,固体析出量依次为10%、13%、16%、17%和20%。电弧放电试验后金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、绝缘材料劣化程度和固体析出量依次为27%、21%和26%。闪络放电试验后金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、绝缘材料劣化程度和固体析出量依次为26%、18%和26%。Create a collection for the material property change characterization parameter class in GIT , the material performance change characterization parameter class in GIT contains parameter items/> It is the severity of discharge traces on the surface of metal materials, the degree of deterioration of insulating materials, and the amount of solid precipitation, that is, the set/> There are 3 elements in total,/> , among which, the severity of surface discharge traces of metal materials can be calculated by calculating the proportion of surface discharge trace area to the total surface area of metal materials. The degree of deterioration of insulating materials can be measured by measuring the volume of the degraded part and calculating its ratio to the total volume of insulating materials. Solid precipitation The amount can be calculated by calculating the proportion of the surface solid precipitation area to the total surface area of the metal material. More in-depth, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy can be used to determine the content of each element in the precipitated solids on the surface of the metal material. After the above-mentioned discharge type tests are completed, the above-mentioned material performance characterization parameters are measured. After the 10kV~18kV partial discharge test, the severity of discharge traces on the surface of the metal material is 11%, 14%, 16%, 18% and 23%, and the amount of solid precipitation The order is 10%, 13%, 16%, 17% and 20%. After the arc discharge test, the severity of discharge marks on the surface of the metal material, the degree of deterioration of the insulation material and the amount of solid precipitation were 27%, 21% and 26% respectively. After the flashover discharge test, the severity of discharge traces on the surface of the metal material, the degree of deterioration of the insulation material and the amount of solid precipitation were 26%, 18% and 26% respectively.

步骤3,开展综合定量评估,获得环保绝缘气体GIT内应用的电稳定指数:综合各类型放电试验所获取的全部三类评估参考数据,逐类逐级赋予相应权重进行加权计算整合,最终获得该环保绝缘气体面向GIT应用的电稳定指数;Step 3: Carry out a comprehensive quantitative assessment to obtain the electrical stability index applied in the environmentally friendly insulating gas GIT: comprehensively combine all three types of evaluation reference data obtained from various types of discharge tests, assign corresponding weights step by step for weighted calculation integration, and finally obtain the Electrical stability index of environmentally friendly insulating gases for GIT applications;

具体包括以下子步骤:Specifically, it includes the following sub-steps:

步骤3.1:针对各类型放电试验施加不同外加电压试验条件下的三类评估参考数据的各类内各项数据进行第一级加权:Step 3.1: Perform first-level weighting on each data within each category of the three categories of evaluation reference data under different applied voltage test conditions for various types of discharge tests:

进行第一级第一类加权,赋予各项放电特征参数第一级第一类权重/>,权重满足/>。针对起始放电电压、击穿电压数据(统称电压数据),若电压数值越大则赋予的权重越高,反之越低;针对放电能量、放电频率以及放电最大幅值,若数值越小则赋予的权重越高,反之越低。且由于电压数据一般作为绝缘性能指标,所设权重相较于其他参数应更大。对不同外加电压试验条件下的权重赋值进行简化,使权重设置一致,可选择中间数值的外加电压试验条件的测试数据确定权重。针对局部放电试验,取电压参数权重与其他参数权重的比例为0.8:0.2,也即起始放电电压、击穿电压的权重之和为0.8,剩余参数的权重为0.2。Perform the first level and first type weighting to assign various discharge characteristic parameters. First level, first category weight/> , the weight satisfies/> . For the initial discharge voltage and breakdown voltage data (collectively referred to as voltage data), the larger the voltage value, the higher the weight given, and vice versa; for the discharge energy, discharge frequency, and discharge maximum amplitude, the smaller the value, the higher the weight given. The higher the weight, and vice versa. And since voltage data is generally used as an insulation performance indicator, the weight set should be larger than other parameters. The weight assignment under different applied voltage test conditions is simplified to make the weight settings consistent. The test data of the applied voltage test conditions with intermediate values can be selected to determine the weight. For the partial discharge test, the ratio of the weight of the voltage parameter to the weight of other parameters is 0.8:0.2, that is, the sum of the weights of the initial discharge voltage and breakdown voltage is 0.8, and the weight of the remaining parameters is 0.2.

其中,起始放电电压参数权重取为,则击穿电压参数权重为电压参数权重(0.8)减去起始放电电压参数权重得到;对于其他放电参数,放电最大幅值权重可取为/>;放电频率权重可取为/>Among them, the starting discharge voltage parameter weight is taken as , then the breakdown voltage parameter weight is obtained by subtracting the initial discharge voltage parameter weight from the voltage parameter weight (0.8); for other discharge parameters, the maximum discharge amplitude weight can be taken as/> ;The discharge frequency weight can be taken as/> ;

针对电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验,起始放电电压和击穿电压放电特征参数权重依次为0.2、0.8;For the arc discharge test and flashover discharge test, the weights of the initial discharge voltage and breakdown voltage discharge characteristic parameters are 0.2 and 0.8 respectively;

获得该试验条件下放电特征指数Obtain the discharge characteristic index under the test conditions .

针对局部放电试验测试结果赋权重,取各项放电特征参数:起始放电电压、击穿电压、放电能量、放电频率以及放电最大幅值的权重依次为0.3、0.5、0.1、0.01、0.09,计算得到局部放电试验5组试验的各放电特征指数依次为20.9、21.63、23.27、25.2和30.41。对于电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验测试结果赋权重,取起始放电电压和击穿电压放电特征参数权重依次为0.2、0.8,计算得到电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验的放电特征指数依次为18.4和22.16。According to the weighting of the partial discharge test results, the weights of various discharge characteristic parameters: starting discharge voltage, breakdown voltage, discharge energy, discharge frequency and discharge maximum amplitude are in order 0.3, 0.5, 0.1, 0.01, 0.09, and the calculation The discharge characteristic indexes of the five groups of partial discharge tests were obtained in order of 20.9, 21.63, 23.27, 25.2 and 30.41. For the weighting of the arc discharge test and flashover discharge test results, the initial discharge voltage and breakdown voltage discharge characteristic parameter weights are 0.2 and 0.8 respectively. The calculated discharge characteristic index of the arc discharge test and flashover discharge test is 18.4 in order. and 22.16.

进行第一级第二类加权,赋予各项气体分解组分特征参数第一级第二类权重,选择CO、CF4、C2F6、CF3CN、COF2气体作为表征C4F7N/CO2混合气体在GIT内应用的电稳定性的特征气体分解组分,对试验后上述气体的浓度进行检测并作为各项气体分解组分特征参数/>,权重满足/>。由于上述选取的特征气体分解组分中CO、CF4气体的含量相对其他所选气体的含量更多,且COF2气体在放电严重程度提高时含量增长明显,则CO、CF4、COF2气体对放电故障严重程度的表征更有代表性,对其浓度所赋权重应相对其他所选气体更小;试验后检测到的上述气体的含量越多则赋予的权重越小,反之越大,认为其中COF2气体为最具代表性气体。Perform first-level and second-level weighting to assign characteristic parameters to each gas decomposition component. First level and second type weight , select CO, CF 4 , C 2 F 6 , CF 3 CN, and COF 2 gases as the characteristic gas decomposition components that characterize the electrical stability of the C 4 F 7 N/CO 2 mixed gas used in GIT. After the test, the above-mentioned The concentration of the gas is detected and used as the characteristic parameter of each gas decomposition component/> , the weight satisfies/> . Since the content of CO and CF 4 gases in the above-selected characteristic gas decomposition components is greater than that of other selected gases, and the content of COF 2 gas increases significantly when the severity of discharge increases, then the CO, CF 4 and COF 2 gases The characterization of the severity of discharge fault is more representative, and the weight given to its concentration should be smaller than that of other selected gases. The greater the content of the above gases detected after the test, the smaller the weight given, and vice versa. It is considered that Among them, COF 2 gas is the most representative gas.

将选择的特征气体分为代表性及其他气体类,首先确定代表性气体类的总占比为,对于代表性气体类内各气体权重赋值,最具代表性气体的权重可取为/>,其余代表性气体可按含量数量级分配剩余的权重值;对于其他类气体,可直接按照其在其他类气体内的含量占比进行权重赋值;Divide the selected characteristic gases into representative and other gas categories. First, determine the total proportion of representative gas categories as , for the weight assignment of each gas within the representative gas class, the weight of the most representative gas can be taken as/> , the remaining representative gases can be assigned the remaining weight values according to the content magnitude; for other types of gases, the weights can be assigned directly according to their content proportions in other types of gases;

获得该试验条件下气体分解组分特征指数Obtain the characteristic index of gas decomposition components under the test conditions .

对于局部放电试验测试结果赋权重,取各项特征气体分解组分CO、CF4、C2F6、CF3CN、COF2权重依次为0.15、0.15、0.3、0.3、0.1,计算得到局部放电试验5组试验的各放电特征指数依次为25.76、29.86、31.44、34.39和39.55。对于电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验结果赋权重,取各项特征气体分解组分CO、CF4、C2F6、CF3CN、COF2权重依次为0.1、0.1、0.35、0.35、0.1,计算得到的各放电特征指数依次为47和44.79。For the weighting of the partial discharge test results, the weights of the characteristic gas decomposition components CO, CF 4 , C 2 F 6 , CF 3 CN, and COF 2 are 0.15, 0.15, 0.3, 0.3, and 0.1 in order, and the partial discharge is calculated The discharge characteristic indexes of the five groups of tests were 25.76, 29.86, 31.44, 34.39 and 39.55 respectively. For the weighting of the arc discharge test and flashover discharge test results, the weights of the characteristic gas decomposition components CO, CF 4 , C 2 F 6 , CF 3 CN, and COF 2 are 0.1, 0.1, 0.35, 0.35, and 0.1, respectively. The calculated discharge characteristic indexes are 47 and 44.79 respectively.

进行第一级第三类加权,赋予各项GIT内材料性能变化表征参数第一级第三类权重/>,权重满足/>The first level and the third type of weighting are carried out to assign parameters characterizing the material performance changes in each GIT. The first level and the third type of weight/> , the weight satisfies/> .

针对金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、绝缘材料劣化程度、固体析出量,均为严重程度越大则所赋权重越小,反之越大。对于局部放电试验测试结果赋权重,取金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、固体析出量权重依次为0.6、0.4。针对电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验,选取金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、绝缘材料劣化程度、固体析出量参数权重依次为0.4、0.4、0.2;获得该试验条件下GIT内材料性能变化特征指数。计算得到局部放电试验5组试验的各放电特征指数依次为10.6、13.6、16、17.6和21.8。对于电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验结果赋权重,取各项材料性能变化表征参数权重依次为0.4、0.4、0.2,计算得到的各放电特征指数依次为24.4和22.8。Regarding the severity of discharge traces on the surface of metal materials, the degree of deterioration of insulation materials, and the amount of solid precipitation, the greater the severity, the smaller the weight given, and vice versa. For the weighting of the partial discharge test results, the weights of the severity of discharge traces on the surface of the metal material and the amount of solid precipitation are 0.6 and 0.4, respectively. For the arc discharge test and flashover discharge test, the parameter weights of the severity of discharge marks on the surface of the metal material, the degree of deterioration of the insulation material, and the amount of solid precipitation are selected as 0.4, 0.4, and 0.2 in order; the characteristic index of material performance change within the GIT under these test conditions is obtained. . The calculated discharge characteristic indexes of the five groups of partial discharge tests are 10.6, 13.6, 16, 17.6 and 21.8. For the weighting of arc discharge test and flashover discharge test results, the weights of various material performance change characterization parameters are taken as 0.4, 0.4, and 0.2 in order, and the calculated discharge characteristic indexes are 24.4 and 22.8 in order.

步骤3.2:针对各类型放电试验施加不同外加电压试验条件下的三类评估参考数据的各类特征指数进行第二级加权:对第一级加权后所得的三类特征指数:放电特征指数、气体分解组分特征指数/>和GIT内材料性能变化特征指数/>,分别赋予第二级权重、/>和/>,权重满足/>。由于为面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体的电稳定性评估,以上各类特征指数分别从放电故障直接情况、环保绝缘气体分解情况和GIT材料特性等不同角度综合反映放电严重程度以及放电故障对GIT内部运行情况的影响,尤其对GIT内部特殊材料进行考虑,对GIT内材料性能变化特征指数/>所赋权重更大。选取三类特征指数权重/>、/>和/>依次为0.3、0.3、0.4,获得该试验条件下放电评估参考指数/>。对于各放电类型试验的三类评估参考数据赋权重,取放电特征指数、气体分解组分特征指数和GIT内材料性能变化特征指数权重依次为0.3、0.3、0.4,计算得到局部放电试验5组试验的各放电评估参考指数依次为18.24、20.89、22.81、24.92和29.71。对于电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验的放电评估参考指数依次为29.38和29.205。Step 3.2: Perform second-level weighting on the various characteristic indexes of the three types of evaluation reference data under different applied voltage test conditions for various types of discharge tests: The three types of characteristic indexes obtained after the first-level weighting: Discharge characteristic index , gas decomposition component characteristic index/> and material performance change characteristic index within GIT/> , respectively assigning second-level weights to ,/> and/> , the weight satisfies/> . Because it is an electrical stability assessment of environmentally friendly insulating gases for GIT applications, the above various characteristic indexes comprehensively reflect the severity of discharge and the impact of discharge faults on the interior of GIT from different perspectives such as the direct situation of discharge failure, the decomposition of environmentally friendly insulating gas and the characteristics of GIT materials. The impact of operating conditions, especially the special materials within GIT, and the characteristic index of material performance changes within GIT/> The weight assigned is greater. Select three types of feature index weights/> ,/> and/> The order is 0.3, 0.3, and 0.4, and the reference index for discharge evaluation under this test condition is obtained/> . For the three types of evaluation reference data for each discharge type test, the weights of the discharge characteristic index, the gas decomposition component characteristic index and the material performance change characteristic index within the GIT are 0.3, 0.3, and 0.4 in order, and five groups of partial discharge tests are calculated. The discharge evaluation reference indexes are 18.24, 20.89, 22.81, 24.92 and 29.71 respectively. The discharge evaluation reference indexes for arc discharge test and flashover discharge test are 29.38 and 29.205 respectively.

步骤3.3:针对各类型放电试验在施加不同外加电压试验条件下的放电评估参考指数进行第三级加权:分别赋予各放电类型不同外加电压的5组试验的放电评估参考指数第三级权重/>,施加的外加电压越高所赋的权重越大,权重满足/>,根据所加电压数值的梯度,按对应比例选取权重,获得各类型放电试验的综合放电指数,其中/>代表放电试验类型,/>;如实施例所加电压序列为等距,则针对局部放电试验5组试验所赋权重依次为0.1、0.1、0.2、0.2、0.4,得到局部放电试验的综合放电指数为25.34。电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验的综合放电指数即为29.38和29.205。Step 3.3: Perform third-level weighting on the discharge evaluation reference index of each type of discharge test under different applied voltage test conditions: assign the discharge evaluation reference index of 5 groups of tests with different applied voltages to each discharge type. Third level weight/> , the higher the applied external voltage, the greater the weight assigned, and the weight satisfies/> , according to the gradient of the applied voltage value, select the weight according to the corresponding proportion to obtain the comprehensive discharge index of each type of discharge test , of which/> Represents the discharge test type,/> ; If the voltage sequences applied in the embodiment are equidistant, the weights assigned to the five groups of partial discharge tests are 0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.2, and 0.4 in order, and the comprehensive discharge index of the partial discharge test is 25.34. The comprehensive discharge index of arc discharge test and flashover discharge test is 29.38 and 29.205.

步骤3.4:针对各类型放电试验的综合放电指数进行第四级加权,分别赋予各类型放电试验的综合放电指数第四级权重/>,权重满足/>。根据各类型放电试验的严重程度,应对高能放电试验和闪络放电试验的综合放电指数赋予较高权重。选取低能、高能和闪络放电试验下的综合放电指数权重依次为0.2、0.4、0.4,最终获得该环保绝缘气体面向GIT应用的电稳定指数/>,该值越大,表明该环保绝缘气体面向GIT应用的电稳定性越好。针对上述开展的C4F7N/CO2混合气体在GIT内应用的各放电类型试验测试,取局部放电试验、电弧放电试验以及闪络放电试验的综合放电指数的权重依次为0.2、0.4、0.4,计算得到工况为总气压0.2MPa,C4F7N气体含量占比20%的条件下面向GIT应用的电稳定性指数为28.502。为了与其他环保绝缘气体进行比较,应同时开展其他气体面向GIT应用的电稳定性性能评估。Step 3.4: Perform fourth-level weighting on the comprehensive discharge index of each type of discharge test, and assign the comprehensive discharge index to each type of discharge test respectively. Fourth level weight/> , the weight satisfies/> . According to the severity of each type of discharge test, a higher weight should be given to the comprehensive discharge index of high-energy discharge test and flashover discharge test. The comprehensive discharge index weights under low energy, high energy and flashover discharge tests are selected as 0.2, 0.4, and 0.4 in order, and finally the electrical stability index of this environmentally friendly insulating gas for GIT applications is obtained/> , the larger the value, the better the electrical stability of the environmentally friendly insulating gas for GIT applications. For the above-mentioned tests of various discharge types applied to C 4 F 7 N/CO 2 mixed gas in GIT, the weights of the comprehensive discharge index of partial discharge test, arc discharge test and flashover discharge test are 0.2, 0.4, 0.4. It is calculated that the electrical stability index for GIT application is 28.502 under the condition that the total air pressure is 0.2MPa and the C 4 F 7 N gas content accounts for 20%. In order to compare with other environmentally friendly insulating gases, the electrical stability performance evaluation of other gases for GIT applications should be carried out simultaneously.

以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明保护的范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内所做的任何修改,等同替换和改进等,均应包含在发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention are equivalent to Substitutions and improvements should be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1.面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置,其特征在于,包括罐体和设置于罐体中的模拟GIT中典型缺陷物理模型;1. An environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device for GIT applications, which is characterized by including a tank and a physical model of typical defects in simulated GIT arranged in the tank; 所述罐体为一密封罐体,设置有进出气口;The tank is a sealed tank and is provided with an air inlet and outlet; 所述模拟GIT中典型缺陷物理模型包括放电四针电极模型、气-固沿面闪络放电模型和绕组匝间放电模型;The typical defect physical models in the simulated GIT include the discharge four-pin electrode model, the gas-solid surface flashover discharge model and the winding inter-turn discharge model; 所述放电四针电极模型包括平板电极以及垂直于平板电极的四针电极;The discharge four-pin electrode model includes a flat electrode and a four-pin electrode perpendicular to the flat electrode; 所述气-固沿面闪络放电模型包括针电极、绝缘板和平板电极;所述绝缘板设置于平板电极上,针电极垂直于平板电极,位于绝缘板一侧;The gas-solid surface flashover discharge model includes a needle electrode, an insulating plate and a flat electrode; the insulating plate is arranged on the flat electrode, and the needle electrode is perpendicular to the flat electrode and located on one side of the insulating plate; 所述绕组匝间放电模型包括第一、第二导电杆;两导电杆包裹有GIT薄膜材料,竖向平行设置,穿出罐体侧壁并进行密封处理;The winding inter-turn discharge model includes first and second conductive rods; the two conductive rods are wrapped with GIT film material, are arranged vertically in parallel, penetrate the side wall of the tank and are sealed; 所述稳定性评估装置通过选择不同的模拟GIT中典型缺陷物理模型以实施不同测试。The stability evaluation device implements different tests by selecting different physical models that simulate typical defects in GIT. 2.根据权利要求1所述的面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置,其特征在于,所述放电四针电极模型中,所述四针电极为爪型结构,其上端通过固定杆连接于罐体;平板电极通过固定杆连接于罐体。2. The environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device for GIT applications according to claim 1, characterized in that in the discharge four-pin electrode model, the four-pin electrode has a claw-shaped structure, and its upper end passes through a fixed rod. Connected to the tank; the flat electrode is connected to the tank through a fixed rod. 3.根据权利要求1所述的面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置,其特征在于,所述气-固沿面闪络放电模型中,针电极下端为尖端,上端到下端为变径平滑过渡,针电极通过固定杆连接到罐体;平板电极通过固定杆连接于罐体。3. The environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device for GIT applications according to claim 1, characterized in that in the gas-solid surface flashover discharge model, the lower end of the needle electrode is a tip, and the upper end to the lower end is a variable diameter. Smooth transition, the needle electrode is connected to the tank body through a fixed rod; the flat electrode is connected to the tank body through a fixed rod. 4.根据权利要求1所述的面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置,其特征在于,所述绕组匝间放电模型中,所述导电杆为方形铜线,第一导电杆和第二导电杆竖直投影部分重合,分别从罐体两侧穿出。4. The environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device for GIT applications according to claim 1, characterized in that in the winding inter-turn discharge model, the conductive rod is a square copper wire, and the first conductive rod and the third conductive rod are square copper wires. The vertical projections of the two conductive rods overlap and pass out from both sides of the tank respectively. 5.根据权利要求1所述的面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置,其特征在于,所述气-固沿面闪络放电模型中,绝缘板为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜或绝缘纸板;所述绕组匝间放电模型中,GIT薄膜材料为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。5. The environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device for GIT applications according to claim 1, characterized in that in the gas-solid surface flashover discharge model, the insulating plate is polyethylene terephthalate. Film or insulating cardboard; in the winding inter-turn discharge model, the GIT film material is polyethylene terephthalate. 6.一种利用权利要求1~5任一项所述的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置进行评估的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:6. A method for evaluation using the environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it includes the following steps: (1)放电试验测试:利用面向GIT应用的环保绝缘气体电稳定性评估装置对环保绝缘气体进行放电试验,包括低能放电试验、高能放电试验和闪络放电试验,试验过程中施加不同的外加电压;(1) Discharge test: Use the environmentally friendly insulating gas electrical stability evaluation device for GIT applications to conduct discharge tests on environmentally friendly insulating gases, including low-energy discharge tests, high-energy discharge tests and flashover discharge tests. Different applied voltages are applied during the test ; (2)评估参考数据获取:分别获取各项试验的物理化学特征参数作为评估参考数据,特征参数包括三类:放电特征参数、气体分解组分特征参数以及GIT内材料性能变化表征参数,分别从放电故障直接情况、环保绝缘气体分解情况和GIT材料特性三个角度综合反映放电严重程度以及放电故障对GIT内部运行情况的影响;(2) Acquisition of evaluation reference data: Obtain the physical and chemical characteristic parameters of each test as evaluation reference data. The characteristic parameters include three categories: discharge characteristic parameters, gas decomposition component characteristic parameters and material performance change characterization parameters within GIT, respectively. The direct situation of discharge failure, the decomposition of environmentally friendly insulating gas and the characteristics of GIT materials comprehensively reflect the severity of discharge and the impact of discharge failure on the internal operation of GIT; (3)开展综合定量评估,获得环保绝缘气体GIT内应用的电稳定指数:综合评估参考数据,逐类逐级赋予相应权重进行加权计算整合,最终获得该环保绝缘气体面向GIT应用的电稳定指数。(3) Carry out a comprehensive quantitative assessment to obtain the electrical stability index of the environmentally friendly insulating gas used in GIT: comprehensively assess the reference data, assign corresponding weights to each category and perform weighted calculation integration, and finally obtain the electrical stability index of the environmentally friendly insulating gas for GIT applications. . 7.根据权利要求6所述的评估方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中,低能放电试验使用局部放电测试,高能放电试验使用电弧放电测试,每个类型放电试验均有组测试,/>根据设置的外加电压试验条件的个数确定;7. The evaluation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (1), the low-energy discharge test uses partial discharge test, the high-energy discharge test uses arc discharge test, and each type of discharge test has Group test,/> Determined according to the number of set applied voltage test conditions; 低能放电试验分为对GIT内金属材料和绝缘材料开展;对GIT内金属材料放电试验采用四针板电极模型开展;对GIT内绝缘材料放电试验采用绕组匝间放电模型开展;The low-energy discharge test is carried out on metal materials and insulating materials in the GIT; the discharge test on the metal materials in the GIT is carried out using a four-pin plate electrode model; the discharge test on the insulating materials in the GIT is carried out using the winding inter-turn discharge model; 高能放电试验分为对GIT内金属材料和绝缘材料开展;对GIT内金属材料放电试验采用四针板电极模型开展;对GIT内绝缘材料放电试验采用绕组匝间放电模型开展;The high-energy discharge test is carried out on metal materials and insulating materials in the GIT; the discharge test on the metal materials in the GIT is carried out using a four-pin plate electrode model; the discharge test on the insulating material inside the GIT is carried out using the winding inter-turn discharge model; 闪络放电试验采用气-固沿面闪络放电模型开展,在模型两端施加高电压引发沿面闪络。The flashover discharge test was carried out using a gas-solid surface flashover discharge model. High voltage was applied to both ends of the model to induce surface flashover. 8.根据权利要求6所述的评估方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中,8. The evaluation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: in step (2), 为放电特征参数类建立集合,放电特征参数类包含参数项/>,分别为起始放电电压、击穿电压、放电能量、放电频率以及放电最大幅值,即集合/>中共有5个元素,Create a collection for the discharge characteristic parameter class , the discharge characteristic parameter class contains parameter items/> , respectively, are the initial discharge voltage, breakdown voltage, discharge energy, discharge frequency and discharge maximum amplitude, that is, the set/> There are 5 elements in total, ; 为气体分解组分特征参数类建立集合,气体分解组分特征参数类包含参数项/>为所测试的环保绝缘气体的各种表征放电故障严重程度的特征气体分解组分,则集合/>中元素个数根据所测试的环保绝缘气体的放电分解特性确定,集合/>元素为/>个,/>Create a collection for the gas decomposition component characteristic parameter class , the gas decomposition component characteristic parameter class contains parameter items/> For the various characteristic gas decomposition components of the tested environmentally friendly insulating gases that indicate the severity of discharge faults, the set/> The number of elements in the medium is determined based on the discharge decomposition characteristics of the environmentally friendly insulating gas tested, set /> The element is/> ,/> ; 为GIT内材料性能变化表征参数类建立集合,GIT内材料性能变化表征参数类包含参数项/>,分别为金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、绝缘材料劣化程度、固体析出量,即集合中共有3个元素,/>Create a collection for the material property change characterization parameter class in GIT , the material performance change characterization parameter class in GIT contains parameter items/> , respectively, are the severity of discharge traces on the surface of metal materials, the degree of deterioration of insulating materials, and the amount of solid precipitation, that is, the set There are 3 elements in total,/> . 9.根据权利要求6所述的评估方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)包括以下子步骤:9. The evaluation method according to claim 6, characterized in that said step (3) includes the following sub-steps: 针对各类型放电试验施加不同外加电压试验条件下的三类评估参考数据的各类内的各子项数据进行第一级加权:对各项放电特征参数进行第一级第一类加权,赋予第一级第一类的相应权重,获得该试验条件下放电特征指数;对各项气体分解组分特征参数进行第一级第二类加权,赋予第一级第二类的相应权重,获得该试验条件下气体分解组分特征指数;对各项GIT内材料性能变化表征参数进行第一级第三类加权,赋予第一级第三类的相应权重,获得该试验条件下GIT内材料性能变化特征指数;The first-level weighting is performed on each sub-item data within each category of the three categories of evaluation reference data under different applied voltage test conditions for various types of discharge tests: the first-level and first-category weighting is performed on each discharge characteristic parameter, and the first-level weighting is performed. The corresponding weight of the first level and the first category is used to obtain the discharge characteristic index under the test conditions; the first level and second category weighting is performed on the characteristic parameters of each gas decomposition component, and the corresponding weight of the first level and the second category is given to obtain the test Characteristic index of gas decomposition components under the conditions; perform first-level and third-category weighting on various characterization parameters of material performance changes in GIT, and assign corresponding weights to the first-level and third category to obtain the characteristics of material performance changes in GIT under the test conditions. index; 针对各类型放电试验施加不同外加电压试验条件下的三类评估参考数据的各类特征指数进行第二级加权:分别对该试验条件下的放电特征指数、气体分解组分特征指数和GIT内材料性能变化特征指数赋予第二级的相应权重,获得该试验条件下放电评估参考指数;The second-level weighting is performed on the various characteristic indexes of the three types of evaluation reference data under various types of discharge tests under different applied voltage test conditions: the discharge characteristic index, the gas decomposition component characteristic index and the materials in the GIT under the test conditions. The performance change characteristic index gives the corresponding weight to the second level to obtain the reference index for discharge evaluation under the test conditions; 针对各类型放电试验在施加不同外加电压试验条件下的放电评估参考指数进行第三级加权,赋予第三级的相应权重,获得各类型放电试验的综合放电指数;The third level weighting is performed on the discharge evaluation reference index of each type of discharge test under different applied voltage test conditions, and the corresponding weight of the third level is given to obtain the comprehensive discharge index of each type of discharge test; 针对各类型放电试验的综合放电指数进行第四级加权,赋予第四级的相应权重,获得该环保绝缘气体面向GIT应用的电稳定指数。The comprehensive discharge index of each type of discharge test is weighted at the fourth level, and the corresponding weight of the fourth level is given to obtain the electrical stability index of this environmentally friendly insulating gas for GIT applications. 10.根据权利要求9所述的评估方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)的子步骤中:10. The evaluation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: in the sub-step of step (3): 所述的第一级第一类加权,为在各放电类型不同外加电压的组试验中对其中第/>组外加电压条件试验所得数据,赋予各项放电特征参数/>第一级第一类权重/>,权重满足The first level and first type of weighting are the weights of different applied voltages for each discharge type. Among the group of tests/> The data obtained from the set of external voltage condition tests are assigned to various discharge characteristic parameters/> First level, first category weight/> , the weight satisfies ; 针对局部放电试验,起始放电电压、击穿电压的权重之和为0.8,剩余参数权重之和为0.2;For the partial discharge test, the sum of the weights of the initial discharge voltage and breakdown voltage is 0.8, and the sum of the weights of the remaining parameters is 0.2; 其中,起始放电电压参数权重取为,则击穿电压参数权重为0.8减去起始放电电压参数权重得到;放电最大幅值权重取为/>;放电频率权重取为/>Among them, the starting discharge voltage parameter weight is taken as , then the breakdown voltage parameter weight is 0.8 minus the initial discharge voltage parameter weight; the maximum discharge amplitude weight is taken as/> ;The discharge frequency weight is taken as/> ; 针对电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验,起始放电电压和击穿电压放电特征参数权重依次为0.2、0.8;For the arc discharge test and flashover discharge test, the weights of the initial discharge voltage and breakdown voltage discharge characteristic parameters are 0.2 and 0.8 respectively; 获得该试验条件下放电特征指数Obtain the discharge characteristic index under the test conditions ; 所述的第一级第二类加权,赋予各项气体分解组分特征参数第一级第二类权重/>,权重满足/>The first-level and second-level weighting gives each gas decomposition component characteristic parameters. First level and second type weight/> , the weight satisfies/> ; 将选择的特征气体分为代表性气体类及其他气体类,首先确定代表性气体类的总占比为,对于代表性气体类内各气体权重赋值,最具代表性气体的权重取为/>,其余代表性气体按含量数量级分配剩余的权重值;对于其他类气体,按照其在其他类气体内的含量占比进行权重赋值;Divide the selected characteristic gases into representative gas categories and other gas categories. First, determine the total proportion of representative gas categories as , for the weight assignment of each gas within the representative gas category, the weight of the most representative gas is taken as/> , the remaining representative gases are assigned the remaining weight values according to the content magnitude; for other types of gases, the weights are assigned according to their content proportions in other types of gases; 获得该试验条件下气体分解组分特征指数Obtain the characteristic index of gas decomposition components under the test conditions ; 所述的第一级第三类加权,赋予各项GIT内材料性能变化表征参数第一级第三类权重/>,权重满足/>;其中,针对局部放电试验,金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、固体析出量参数权重依次为0.6、0.4;针对电弧放电试验、闪络放电试验,金属材料表面放电痕迹严重程度、绝缘材料劣化程度、固体析出量参数权重依次为0.4、0.4、0.2;The first-level and third-level weighting is given to each parameter representing changes in material properties within the GIT. The first level and the third type of weight/> , the weight satisfies/> ; Among them, for the partial discharge test, the severity of discharge traces on the surface of the metal material and the amount of solid precipitation are 0.6 and 0.4 respectively; for the arc discharge test and flashover discharge test, the severity of the discharge traces on the surface of the metal material, the degree of deterioration of the insulation material, The weights of solid precipitation parameters are 0.4, 0.4, and 0.2; 获得该试验条件下GIT内材料性能变化特征指数Obtain the characteristic index of material performance change in GIT under the test conditions ; 所述的第二级加权,为在各放电类型不同外加电压的组试验中对其中第/>组外加电压条件试验所得的三类特征指数:放电特征指数/>、气体分解组分特征指数/>和GIT内材料性能变化特征指数/>分别赋予第二级权重/>、/>和/>,权重满足/>;/>、/>和/>依次为0.3、0.3、0.4,获得该试验条件下放电评估参考指数The second level weighting is based on the different applied voltages for each discharge type. Among the group of tests/> Three types of characteristic indexes obtained from the test under applied voltage conditions: Discharge characteristic index/> , gas decomposition component characteristic index/> and material performance change characteristic index within GIT/> Give second-level weights/> ,/> and/> , the weight satisfies/> ;/> ,/> and/> are 0.3, 0.3, and 0.4 in sequence, and the reference index for discharge evaluation under this test condition is obtained. ; 所述的第三级加权,分别赋予各放电类型不同外加电压的组试验的放电评估参考指数/>第三级权重/>,其中/>,权重满足/>;根据所加电压数值的梯度,按对应比例选取权重,获得各类型放电试验的综合放电指数/>,其中/>代表放电试验类型,/>The third level of weighting gives each discharge type different applied voltages. Discharge evaluation reference index for group tests/> Third level weight/> , of which/> , the weight satisfies/> ;According to the gradient of the applied voltage value, select the weight according to the corresponding proportion to obtain the comprehensive discharge index of each type of discharge test/> , of which/> Represents the discharge test type,/> ; 所述的第四级加权,分别赋予各类型放电试验的综合放电指数第四级权重/>,权重满足/>;其中,低能、高能和闪络放电试验下的综合放电指数权重依次为0.2、0.4、0.4,获得该环保绝缘气体面向GIT应用的电稳定指数/>The fourth level of weighting is assigned a comprehensive discharge index for each type of discharge test. Fourth level weight/> , the weight satisfies/> ; Among them, the comprehensive discharge index weights under low-energy, high-energy and flashover discharge tests are 0.2, 0.4, and 0.4 in order, obtaining the electrical stability index of this environmentally friendly insulating gas for GIT applications/> .
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