CN1177209C - Method and equipment for diagnosing and restoring physiological safety of water - Google Patents
Method and equipment for diagnosing and restoring physiological safety of water Download PDFInfo
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- CN1177209C CN1177209C CNB001093266A CN00109326A CN1177209C CN 1177209 C CN1177209 C CN 1177209C CN B001093266 A CNB001093266 A CN B001093266A CN 00109326 A CN00109326 A CN 00109326A CN 1177209 C CN1177209 C CN 1177209C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a detection method and equipment for diagnosing and repairing / restoring ecological safety of water. The method of the present invention is characterized in that the quantitative 'decomposer carriers' in a detecting and testing device act on the total polluted water of point sources and surface sources step by step, system data is obtained through the poison influence degree of volatile substances and non-volatile substances for indicating animal, plant, producers and consumers by comparing the reference system, and then, the damaged level of the microcosmic ecological system caused by the polluted water is judged. The present invention provides a practical early warning technology for solving the safety variation tendency of the microcosmic ecological environment of the water, and provides a basis for prevention, treatment and decision of the unsafe problem of food caused by unordered irrigation of the polluted water, and the ecological harmless resource development of the ordered irrigation of the polluted water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology in ecologic environment purification and the monitoring field.More precisely about the pick-up unit of water quality microcosmic ecological environment security information change trend.
Background technology
Along with progress of science and technology, the public recognizes that progressively population increases, and causes social demand to increase.Contradiction between population and resource and the environment is increasingly sharpened.If human pattern and the paces of not accelerating to substitute with renewable resource ore resource development world economy, then struggle for it in the whole world, and the effort of actively carrying out ecological protection and prevention and cure of pollution work all is difficult to break away from its passive situation all the time.Try hard to promote ecologic environment to enter the forward succession, avoid the purpose of ecological degradation in quite long period, also to be difficult to realize.The policy that the prevention and cure of pollution of country's enforcement at present and ecological protection are laid equal stress on has played very positive effect on policy guidance." but qualified discharge " also is policy to be allowed.So, even useless (dirt) water of high density pollution after the quilt improvement, still has a large amount of industrial or agricultural domestic pollutants to be discharged in the environment with accumulating over a long period and goes in the economic bearing scope.World's survey data proves, this class low concentration just, and difficult degradation, poisonous and hazardous pollutant are carrying out uncontrollable diffusion, enrichment in the ecosystem.Brought such as tumour, the rising of the lopsided incidence of disease to ecological environment security; And environmental estrogens pollutes and to cause various potential, extremely serious consequences such as biological feminize phenomenon and human male's fertility-rate go down.And this serious consequence is difficult to simple, comprehensive really resembling of it of systematically understanding again with conventional physics and chemistry and biological monitoring method; Handle with the improvement method of routine, not only returns of investment are than huge, and are difficult to reach its intended purposes again.Cause scientific and technological circle to feel very anxiety for it.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to fill up the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of water quality ecological safety diagnosis is provided and repaiies/recover the device that detects, solve the practical early warning technology of the land water quality microcosmic ecological environment security variation tendency between waters and basin and even the country, and irrigate caused food unsafe problems for the disordering of " up to standard " or " below standard discharging " sewage, and the ecologically harmless development of resources of ordering sewage irrigation, control and decision-making foundation are provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of water quality ecological safety diagnosis and the device of repairing/recover detection, it is characterized in that making the total amount polluted water in point source and face source by detecting the quantitatively effect step by step of " analyst's carrier " in the test unit, its volatility and nonvolatile matter are to indication animals and plants, producers and consumers's murder by poisoning influence degree, and with reference frame relatively, obtain system data, judge that polluted water causes the level that the microcosmic ecosystem destroys;
Method 1, with the quantitative polluted water of floss hole and/or water quality and " contrast water quality " difference injection experiments group and the control group that leaches with " analyst's carrier material slope ", the economic phyto-indicator of plantation in " analyst's carrier ", when treating that leakage water is filled with experiment aquatic organism inspection box in each serial experiment group and the control group simultaneously, put into the experimental water biological species that meets experimental standard;
A kind of diagnosis of water quality ecological safety and device of repairing/recovering detection of being used for, this pick-up unit are an ecological enclosure experiment test experience device, and it is configured to:
The horizontal level of selected element/face source Sewage outlet one side, construct stepped carrier more than 3 platform levels, in the bottom with serve as a contrast on every side not degrade or the impermeable free of contamination building materials of difficult degradation, loam is tried with metering in the shop above, make " analyst's carrier material ladder ", simultaneously, keep at a certain distance away in the opposite side of Sewage outlet and to construct another identical " analyst's carrier material ladder " in contrast, go up the identical industrial crops of plantation at " analyst's carrier material ladder ", previous with metering polluted water pouring diafiltration; One of back is with metering " contrast " water quality pouring diafiltration, and the corresponding indexs of industrial crops is observed, adds up and detected to the industrial crops that grow hello forage grass feeding habits meiofauna simultaneously; Detect the Biological indicators and the physical and chemical index of soil; The physics and chemistry of analyzing animal and physiological and biochemical index; Analyze the physics and chemistry testing result of food chain and " analyst's carrier material ", further do genetic toxicology, repair/recover the detection of toxicology and reproductive toxicology index with quantitative animal body material thereafter, obtain system data.
A kind of diagnosis of water quality ecological safety and the device and method of operating thereof of repairing/recovering detection of being used for, this device is water quality microcosmic ecological environment security information/bearing capacity test experience device, it is configured to: the simple glass or the bonding one-tenth chamber of the organic glass unit that with thickness are 5 to 8 millimeters, form " scalariform series " by the identical test box unit, have at least a series as " contrast the ecosystem benchmark group " or/and one " the healthy ecosystem group of interfering ", one to several series group conducts " microcosm group ", the temperature of test medium should satisfy the psychological need characteristic of experiment water biological species, and lay " volatility harmful gas " responsive animals and plants as exposing biosome on the top of the outer cover that is made into glass or transparent material in the outside of device then; The minute-pressure aspiration pump is installed at the top, covers outer gas and is upwards flowed by the bottom of cover, maintains small negative pressure, and indispensable measurement instrument is installed in the whole detection device, comprises psychrometer, vacuum table;
The method of operating of this polluted water microcosmic ecological environment security information/bearing capacity detection technique device:
(1). index gradient difference method: the adjustment hole in the serial ecological experiment device is closed, in " being tried ecosystem group " and " contrast ecosystem group ", insert corresponding, balance under standard conditions in advance, " the analyst's carrier " that after standard mesh sieve sieve, measures, plant forage plant then, unified with the pouring of deionized water closed cycle formula, till reaching " balance " and emerging, analyze physical and chemical index and record Biological indicators, initial baseline value as the ecological experiment system, then, the matter unified Analysis of will being tried the water accordingly and usefulness method 1 pouring of metering back, treat that leakage water adds afterbody hydrobiont observation case when full, detect every physics and chemistry and Biological indicators in each ladder, tried after ecological group possesses the index gradient difference, put into the biological body that exposes that tried the water again, the gradient difference of every indexs at different levels disappears or after the biology that tried the water has occurred that the ecological toxicology symptom and index of statistical significance arranged in being tried ecosystem group, change parental generation to be produced over to cylinder to be produced, then parental generation and filial generation biology are moved into respectively in the biological resuming inspection box of filling deionized water, carrying out reproduction safety indexes and generation-inter-observes and detects, aquatic organism after the death continues to do the genetic toxicology experiment, obtains system data;
(2). the non-gradient difference method of index: the adjustment hole in the serial ecological experiment device is opened, abide by method 2 and " parch and irrigating " principle, physics and chemistry and biological sample data before and after the test experience, treat to write down biomass after the forage plant maturation, take by weighing forage plant enough, isodose, same method for making, feed the animal of having filled with leakage water and do the interior aquatic animal of reproduction safety experiment inspection box.Observe and detect corresponding index, observe and detect ecological toxicology, reproduction safety indexes then, parental generation of the lively thing that tried the water to be produced of will becoming pregnant and filial generation biosome are put into the case of culturing with same deionized water respectively and carry out the same observation experiment, aquatic organism after the death is cooked the genetic toxicology experiment, obtains system data.
Purpose of the present invention can also realize by following measure:
Indication animal and plant in the pick-up unit possess the appropriate susceptibility index system that varying level is arranged.
Water velocity in the pick-up unit and discharge area are adjusted to promptly and can be equilibrated at the speed of oozing out, and can satisfy the biological need amount that food chain " top " is tried the consumer again.
Physics and chemistry technical indicator in the pick-up unit can satisfy the expression values of ecological effect index, and the ecological effect index can system and express the murder by poisoning level of polluted water objectively.
Use the container that quantitative " analyst's carrier " arranged in the pick-up unit.
The water yield that continuous flow in the pick-up unit is injected should be greater than evaporation capacity, and mobile injection rate and leaching rate are equilibrium state; Be interrupted the water yield of injecting and follow the principle injection of " parch and irrigating ".
Exposure medium temperature in the pick-up unit should satisfy the biological psychological need condition of experiment.
Exposure biosome in the pick-up unit possesses ecological toxicity, reproduction toxicity and restorative series observation and diagnostic function.
The present invention has following actively useful effect:
The present invention a kind ofly carries out microcosmic ecological environment security diagnosis and repaiies/recover detection technique member and device polluted water, be characterized in constructing ecological enclosure technology member at the specific section in point source exhaust position and face source, be combined in the experimental provision of indoor installation, set up the ecosystem institutional framework of science, " analyst ", " producer's " and " consumer " the level that influences is poisoned and repaiied/restorative detection according to polluted water.Judge that each point source and face source sewage are to the dangerous degree that the ecosystem caused and the possibility of recovery.The invention provides the technical method that " microcosmic " ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING and sewage draining exit sewage ecological purification detect in the water quality environment monitoring field.Simultaneously, for ecological safety provides a kind of information analysis basis, a kind of microcosmic ecologic environment detection technique means of practicality are provided for developing " the ecological information industry of water quality " and " the innoxious industry of sewerage ecological resource ".It is the complementary technology of macroscopical ecological surveillance and monitoring.Can provide Prevention Technique and decision-making foundation for the healthy succession of region environment.
The present invention has designed the ecological safety information of can obtaining, the polluted water data to the bearing capacity of ecologic environment, be again ubiquitous in the present world wide: even " qualified discharge ", also the inorganization sewage (comprising groundwater contamination) that exists is irrigated the potential food unsafe problems that causes, the ecologic environment early warning technology of the new approaches and the surveillance monitoring water quality of a solution has been proposed, for making sewage irrigation in the future enter the ordering management and developing 1. ecological safety information industry; 2. the sewage resource ecologically harmless utilizes industry.Start new social situation, establish the infotech basis.Thereby progressively impel ecologic environment to enter healthy succession process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an ecological enclosure experiment pick-up unit of the present invention, and it comprises A: microcosm group and B: contrast ecosystem group;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that water quality microcosmic ecological environment security/information of the present invention/bearing capacity recovers the test experience device;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of analyst's carrier material case and hydrobiont observation case among Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing number:
1. barrier material 2. analyst's carrier material casees
3. experiment water quality import
301. point, face source (lifting) water quality 302. contrast water quality
4. the restorative series observation of parental generation reproduction toxicity case (is provided with xn-1, xn-2, xn-3 ... xn organizes altogether)
5. animal reproduction security box for breeding 6. escaping gases biology exposes carrier
7. air inlet slit 8. minute-pressure pump vent ports
9. hydrobiont is observed case 10. spout holes
11. adjustment hole 12. filter bleed seams
13. external seal cover
Please refer to Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3, technical scheme of the present invention is: set up water quality ecological safety diagnosis " laboratory experiment device+ecological enclosure experiment field+river irrigation canals and ditches point, the innoxious Development Engineering of face source ecological resources " detection technique member and technical indicator.Form sewerage ecological Environmental security information and the innoxious detection technique system of resource.
The structure of " an ecological enclosure experiment test experience device " of the present invention is: the horizontal level of selected element (face) source sewage discharge (lifting) mouthful side.Construct and grow up in 1 meter, be wider than 0.4 meter stepped more than 3 platform levels, in the degree of depth greater than 0.25～0.30 meter bottom with serve as a contrast on every side not degrade or the impermeable free of contamination building materials of difficult degradation, the metering of spreading with 0.2～0.25 meter is tried loam above, makes " analyst's carrier material ladder ".Simultaneously, keep at a certain distance away and construct another identical " analyst's carrier material ladder " in side other [or opposite side of sewage discharge (lifting) mouth], in contrast.Go up the identical industrial crops of plantation at " analyst's carrier material ladder ", previous with metering polluted water pouring diafiltration; A back usefulness " contrast " water quality pouring diafiltration, the industrial crops that grow feed forage grass feeding habits meiofauna.Observe, add up and detect the corresponding index of industrial crops simultaneously; Detect the Biological indicators and the physical and chemical index of soil; The physics and chemistry of analyzing animal and physiological and biochemical index; Analyze the physics and chemistry testing result of food chain and " analyst's carrier material ".With quantitative animal body material further do genetic toxicology, repair detection that (extensive) answer toxicology and reproductive toxicology index thereafter.This method can be used in the detection that ecology in " river irrigation canals and ditches point, the innoxious Development Engineering of face source ecological resources " is repaiied (extensive) multiple and innoxious degree equally.
The structure of " experimental provision of water quality microcosmic ecological environment security information/bearing capacity detection technique " of the present invention is: with thickness is 5 to 8 millimeters simple glass or organic glass, according to length greater than 25 centimetres; (analyst's carrier width is greater than 15 centimetres greater than 25 centimetres for overall width; The leakage water experiment is used " aquatic organism inspection box " width greater than 10 centimetres); (diafiltration experiment " aquatic organism inspection box " height is greater than the bonding one-tenth chamber of 15 centimetres size unit greater than 25 centimetres for height.Form " scalariform series " by the identical test box unit, have at least a series as " contrast the ecosystem benchmark group " or (with) one " the healthy ecosystem group of interfering ", one to several series as " microcosm group ".The temperature of test medium should satisfy the psychological need characteristic of experiment water biological species.Lay " volatility harmful gas " responsive animals and plants as exposing biosome on the top of the outer cover that is made into glass or transparent material in the outside of device then; The minute-pressure aspiration pump is installed at the top, covers outer gas and is upwards flowed by the bottom of cover, gets final product to maintain small negative pressure.Indispensable measurement instrument such as psychrometer, vacuum table etc. are installed in the whole detection device.At last whole experimental provisions are placed in the laboratory.Carry out when implementing with " ecological enclosure is tested a detection technique ": method 1, the quantitative polluted water of using floss hole is or/and with planting economic phyto-indicator in " analyst's carrier ".When treating that leakage water is filled with experiment aquatic organism inspection box in each serial experiment group and the control group simultaneously, put into the experimental water biological species that meets experimental standard.Method 2 is abideed by the principle of " parch and irrigating ", treat the plant growth and maturity after, be made into feed, in the fish jar of another making, put into the biological biological indicator of experiment and detect ecological, heredity, reproductive toxicology index.At last in conjunction with an ecological enclosure experiment testing result, the comprehensive ecological safety monitoring information of the system that obtains.
The method of operating and the principle of polluted water microcosmic ecological environment security information of the present invention/bearing capacity detection technique device:
1. index gradient difference method (be applicable to point source and pollute heavy water quality): the adjustment hole in the serial ecological experiment device is closed.In " being tried ecosystem group " and " contrast the ecosystem group ", insert corresponding, balance, " the analyst's carrier " that measure later through standard mesh sieve sieve under standard conditions in advance, plant forage plant then, unified with the pouring of deionized water closed cycle formula, till reaching " balance " and emerging, analyze physical and chemical index and record Biological indicators, as the initial baseline value of ecological experiment system.Then, will be tried the water accordingly matter unified Analysis and metering back usefulness method 1 watered.Treat that leakage water adds afterbody hydrobiont observation case when full, detect every physics and chemistry and Biological indicators in each ladder, tried after ecological group possesses the index gradient difference, putting into is tried the water again gives birth to the biological body that exposes.The gradient difference of every indexs at different levels disappears or after the biology that tried the water has occurred that the ecological toxicology symptom and index of statistical significance arranged in being tried ecosystem group, change parental generation to be produced over to cylinder to be produced, then parental generation and filial generation biology are moved into respectively in the biological resuming inspection box of filling deionized water, carry out reproduction safety indexes and generation-inter-and observe and detect.Aquatic organism after the death continues to do the genetic toxicology experiment.
2. the non-gradient difference method of index (be applicable to the face source and pollute light water quality): the adjustment hole in the serial ecological experiment device is opened, abideed by method 2 and " parch and irrigating " principle, physics and chemistry and biological sample data before and after the test experience.Treat to write down biomass after the forage plant maturation, take by weighing forage plant enough, isodose, same method for making, feed the aquatic animal in the animal reproduction safety experiment inspection box of having filled with leakage water.Observe and detect corresponding index.Observe and detect ecological toxicology, reproduction safety indexes then.Parental generation of the lively thing that tried the water to be produced of will becoming pregnant and filial generation biosome are put into the case that same deionized water cultures respectively and carry out the same observation experiment, and the aquatic organism after the death is cooked the genetic toxicology experiment, obtains system data.
Sewage quality microcosmic ecological environment security of the present invention and the volatility harmful gas Measurement for Biotechnique installation method of repairing in (extensive) renaturation detection technique device: will be used in reference to the biology exposure body support frame that is shown with harmful gas earlier and install, the external seal cover is installed, open the minute-pressure pump, observe and add up many degree and/or the indexs such as cover degree and/or diversity of indicator organism.
Polluted water microcosmic ecologic environment diagnostic of the present invention experimental design: according to ecosystem experimental design is " cleaning ecosystem control group "; " the pollution ecology system is organized by examination ";
Polluted water microcosmic eco-environment restoration of the present invention experimental design: on the diagnostic test design basis,, observe and recover index and release time with cleaning ecosystem quality recovery pollution ecology set of systems.This group is " ecosystem restoration group ".
Polluted water microcosmic ecologic environment of the present invention reparation property experimental design: on the diagnostic test design basis, incorporate the microcosm group with the material with the ruined ecosystem function of reparation, material, technology etc.Observe and repair index and repair time.This group is " ecosystem reparation group ".Or be " ecosystem health interference group ".
At last, in conjunction with whole experimental results of " an ecological enclosure experiment test experience device " and " water quality microcosmic ecological environment security with repair (extensive) reinspection detection experiment apparatus ", unified Analysis ecological safety information.According to ecological information network data, analyzed area ecological safety information.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is used for the diagnosis of water quality ecological safety and repaiies/recover the device that detects, and it is characterized in that:
This device is water quality microcosmic ecological environment security information/bearing capacity test experience device, it is configured to: the simple glass or the bonding one-tenth chamber of the organic glass unit that with thickness are 5 to 8 millimeters, form " scalariform series " by the identical test box unit, has a series at least as " contrast ecosystem benchmark group " and/or one " the healthy ecosystem group of interfering ", one to several series group conducts " microcosm group ", the temperature of test medium satisfies the psychological need characteristic of experiment water biological species, and lay " volatility harmful gas " responsive animals and plants as exposing biosome on the top of the outer cover that is made into glass or transparent material in the outside of device then; The minute-pressure aspiration pump is installed at the top, covers outer gas and is upwards flowed by the bottom of cover, maintains small negative pressure, installs and measures instrument in the whole detection device, comprises psychrometer, vacuum table.
2. pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the pick-up unit possessing as the animal and plant that expose biosome the susceptibility of varying level index system is arranged.
3. pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that water velocity and discharge area in the pick-up unit, is adjusted to and is equilibrated at the speed of oozing out, and satisfies the biological need amount that food chain " top " is tried the consumer.
4. pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1 it is characterized in that the physics and chemistry technical indicator in the pick-up unit satisfies the expression values of ecological effect index, and the ecological effect index is expressed the murder by poisoning level of polluted water.
5. pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that using in the pick-up unit container that quantitative " analyst's carrier " arranged.
6. pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the water yield that the continuous flow in the pick-up unit injects greater than evaporation capacity, and mobile injection rate and leaching rate are equilibrium state; Being interrupted the water yield of injecting injects according to " parch and irrigating ".
7. pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the test medium temperature in the pick-up unit satisfies the biological psychological need condition of experiment.
8. pick-up unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the exposure biosome in the pick-up unit possesses ecological toxicity, reproduction toxicity diagnostic function.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001093266A CN1177209C (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2000-05-30 | Method and equipment for diagnosing and restoring physiological safety of water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001093266A CN1177209C (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2000-05-30 | Method and equipment for diagnosing and restoring physiological safety of water |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1326093A CN1326093A (en) | 2001-12-12 |
| CN1177209C true CN1177209C (en) | 2004-11-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001093266A Expired - Lifetime CN1177209C (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2000-05-30 | Method and equipment for diagnosing and restoring physiological safety of water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1177209C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1793913B (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2010-09-15 | 浙江工业大学 | Biological water monitoring device based on machine vision |
| DE202008013222U1 (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2010-02-25 | Big Dutchman International Gmbh | Fish tank arrangement with central measuring device |
| CN102830202B (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2014-10-22 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Closed static aquatic organism toxicity experiment device |
| CN104807970B (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-03-23 | 青岛中仁药业有限公司 | A kind of portable grain fruits and vegetables and water quality toxicity biological monitor |
| CN109238914B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2023-09-22 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Research device and analysis method for influence of organisms with different particle sizes on degradation of organic matters |
| CN115286116A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-04 | 安徽师范大学 | Artificial ecosystem suitable for restoration research of degraded ecosystem |
-
2000
- 2000-05-30 CN CNB001093266A patent/CN1177209C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| CN1326093A (en) | 2001-12-12 |
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