CN117716575A

CN117716575A - Battery pack, battery module, propulsion system and mobile device

Info

Publication number: CN117716575A
Application number: CN202380012954.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张宇; 陶师正; 万小康
Original assignee: Guangdong ePropulsion Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong ePropulsion Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-09-26
Filing date: 2023-09-26
Publication date: 2024-03-15

Abstract

A battery pack (101), a battery module (100), a propulsion system (500), and a mobile device (600). The battery pack (101) comprises: the battery management system (1013) comprises at least one input end and at least one output end; at least one input terminal comprises a first input terminal (In 1), and at least one output terminal comprises a first output terminal (Out 1); the first input end (In 1) is connected with one end of the first switch unit (1012), and the other end of the first switch unit (1012) is connected with the battery cell (1011); the first output (Out 1) is for connection to a first input (In 1) of a battery management system (1013) In a next battery pack (101).

Description

Battery pack, battery module, propulsion system and mobile device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack, a battery module, a propulsion system and movable equipment.

Background

In recent years, various mobile devices (e.g., electric automobiles, electric ships, etc.) have increasingly demanded batteries. In the mobile device, one battery pack may be used for power supply, or a plurality of battery packs may be connected to form a large-capacity battery pack for power supply. In the case of using a plurality of battery packs for power supply, in the related art, a user is required to press the switches of the plurality of battery packs one by one to power up the plurality of battery packs. The power-on mode is complex, and the power-on efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present application to provide a battery pack, a battery module, a propulsion system, and a mobile device.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack, which is applied to a battery module, where the battery module includes at least two battery packs connected in sequence;

the battery pack includes: the battery management system comprises at least one input end and at least one output end; the at least one input comprises a first input and the at least one output comprises a first output; the first input end is connected with one end of the first switch unit, and the other end of the first switch unit is connected with the battery cell; the first output terminal is used for being connected with a first input terminal of a battery management system in a next battery pack.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module, including at least two battery packs according to the first aspect connected in sequence.

In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a propulsion system comprising: the battery module according to the second aspect; a propeller; the battery module is used for supplying power to the propeller.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a mobile device, including: a movable body; and a propulsion system of the third aspect, the propulsion system being mounted to the movable body.

According to the battery pack, based on the device and the connection structure, a user can conduct a circuit between a battery cell in the battery pack and a battery management system by operating the first switch unit of a certain battery pack, so that the battery cell in the battery pack supplies power for the battery management system. And the first output end of the battery pack can be connected with the first input end of the battery management system in the next battery pack, so that the battery management system after power-on in the next battery pack can be controlled to be powered on through the first output end, that is, after at least two battery packs are sequentially connected, a user only needs to operate the first switch unit of one battery pack, and the battery pack connected with the battery pack can be powered on sequentially, so that the battery pack is more convenient to use, and meanwhile, the power-on efficiency of at least two battery packs connected sequentially is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5A is a schematic diagram of connection of two battery packs provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5B is another schematic connection diagram of two battery packs provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5C is a schematic diagram of another connection of two battery packs provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fifth battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a sixth battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of connection between a multi-battery pack and a propeller according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of connection between a multi-battery pack and a charging device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of connection between a plurality of battery packs provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a flow chart illustrating addressing provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic flow chart of readdressing according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a propulsion system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a water propeller according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a water area movable apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

In the movable equipment, a plurality of battery packs can be used for parallel power supply, and the parallel battery packs can improve the upper limit of power supply current and prolong the service time. In the case of including a plurality of battery packs, how to realize the power-up of the plurality of battery packs is a problem to be solved urgently. If the user is required to start each battery pack respectively, the operation is complicated.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 16, a battery pack 101, a battery module 100, a propulsion system 500 and a mobile device 10 are provided in the embodiments of the present application.

A first switching unit 1012 is added between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 and the battery management system 1013, and a user can conduct a line between the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 and the battery management system 1013 by operating the first switching unit 1012, so that the battery cell 1011 of the battery pack 101 supplies power to the battery management system 1013. In addition, the first output end Out1 of the battery pack 101 can be connected with the first input end In1 of the battery management system 1013 In the next battery pack 101, so that the battery management system 1013 after power-up In the next battery pack 101 can control power-up of the battery management system 1013 In the next battery pack 101 connected with the battery pack through the first output end Out1, that is, after the at least two battery packs 101 are sequentially connected, a user only needs to operate the first switch unit 1012 of one of the battery packs 101, so that the battery pack 101 and the battery pack 101 connected with the battery pack 101 can be sequentially powered up, the use of the battery pack 101 is more convenient, and meanwhile, the power-up efficiency of the at least two battery packs 101 connected In sequence is improved.

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structure of a battery module 100 is shown. The battery module 100 includes at least two battery packs 101 connected in sequence. Each of the battery packs 101 may be battery packs 101 having the same configuration, and in particular, may have the same software configuration, the same hardware configuration, the same appearance, and/or the same wiring pattern. In this way, the user does not need to distinguish when connecting the plurality of battery packs 101, and the user's convenience of operation is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, each battery pack 101 includes: the battery management system 1013 includes at least one input terminal and at least one output terminal. At least one input terminal comprises a first input terminal In1 and at least one output terminal comprises a first output terminal Out1. The first input terminal In1 is connected to one end of the first switch unit 1012, and the other end of the first switch unit 1012 is connected to the battery core 1011. The first output terminal Out1 is for connection with the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 In the next battery pack 101.

The cell 1011 is capable of storing and releasing electrical energy. The battery core 1011 can supply power to the power consumption components in the battery pack 101, wherein the power consumption components comprise a battery management system 1013, and can also comprise components such as an indicator lamp, a buzzer and the like. Wherein the indicator light may be used to indicate a state of the battery pack 101, such as an in-charge state, a charge completion state, a fault state, a low-charge state, etc. The buzzer may be used to output alarm information when the state of the battery pack 101 is abnormal.

The battery cell 1011 may be connected to the battery management system 1013 through a first switching unit 1012, wherein the first switching unit 1012 is capable of controlling opening and closing of a path between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013. When the first switching unit 1012 is turned off, the path between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 is disconnected, and the battery cell 1011 stops supplying power to the battery management system 1013; when the first switching unit 1012 is closed, the path between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 is conducted, and the battery cell 1011 supplies power to the battery management system 1013. The first switching unit 1012 may be closed in response to a user operation. For example, the first switch unit 1012 may include a physical button, a slider, a rotating member, or an interactive member such as a voice control member, and accordingly, the closing operation may be pressing the physical button, dragging the slider, rotating the rotating member, or emitting a sound signal.

The battery management system 1013 is configured to monitor, control, and protect the battery pack 101. At least one input of the battery management system 1013 includes a first input In1. When the first switch unit 1012 is closed, the battery cell 1011 can output a power supply signal to the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 through the first switch unit 1012, and the first input terminal In1 transmits the power supply signal to the battery management system 1013 so that the battery management system 1013 is powered.

Referring back to fig. 1 and 2, at least one output terminal of the battery management system 1013 includes a first output terminal Out1, and the first output terminal Out1 is configured to be connected to the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 In the next battery pack 101. The battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 can control the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 to be electrified through the first output end Out1 thereof, thereby realizing the sequential electrification of a plurality of battery packs 101 which are connected in sequence and improving the electrification efficiency.

Referring to fig. 1, it can be understood that, when the battery pack 101 in which the battery management system 1013 is located is the last battery pack 101 of the plurality of battery packs 101 connected in sequence, the first output terminal Out1 of the battery management system 1013 of the last battery pack 101 may not need to be connected to another port.

For example, if the battery pack 101 is the first battery pack 101 In the battery module, the battery management system 1013 In the battery pack 101 is powered up when any one of the input terminals (e.g., any one of the first input terminal In1, the second input terminal In2, the third input terminal In31, and the fourth input terminal In32 mentioned below) receives electric power.

For example, if the battery pack 101 is a non-first battery pack 101 In the battery module, the battery management system 1013 In the battery pack 101 is powered up when the first input terminal In1 receives the electric energy.

For example, when N battery packs 101 are sequentially connected, N is an integer greater than 0, and the user may operate the first switching unit 1012 in any one of the N battery packs 101 according to actual needs. For example, the user may cause the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 to be powered by operating the first switching unit 1012 in the i-th battery pack 101; then the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 makes the battery management system 1013 of the i+1th battery pack 101 power through the first output terminal Out1 thereof; the battery management system 1013 of the i+1th battery pack 101 further causes the battery management system 1013 of the i+2th battery pack 101 to be powered through the first output terminal Out1 thereof. And so on, so that the battery management systems 1013 in the i-th battery pack 101 to the N-th battery pack 101 are sequentially powered on and start to operate; wherein i is more than 0 and less than or equal to N. In this way, the user can realize the one-key power-up of the ith battery pack 101 to the nth battery pack 101 by operating the first switch unit 1012 in the ith battery pack 101, so that the power-up efficiency of the battery pack 101 is improved, and the power-up judgment time is shortened.

For example, the user may operate the first switching unit 1012 in the first battery pack 101 so that the battery management systems 1013 in the N battery packs 101 connected in sequence are sequentially powered. Alternatively, the user may operate the first switching unit 1012 in the second battery pack 101 so that the battery management systems 1013 in the second battery pack 101 to the battery management systems 1013 in the nth battery pack 101 are sequentially powered, which is not limited in this embodiment.

Referring to fig. 3, the first switch unit 1012 includes a double pole switch 1012b, the double pole switch 1012b includes a first switch 01 and a second switch 02, and at least one input terminal further includes a second input terminal In2. One end of the first path switch 01 is connected with a first input end In1, and the other end of the first path switch 01 is connected with the battery core 1011; one end of the second path switch 02 is connected with the second input end In2, and the other end of the second path switch 02 is connected with one end of the first path switch 01 connected with the first input end In 1. That is, the electric energy output from the cell 1011 is divided into two paths, one path is transmitted to the first input terminal In1 through the first path switch 01, and the other path is transmitted to the second input terminal In2 through the second path switch 02.

In some embodiments, the double-pole switch 1012b is a double-pole self-healing switch. When the user presses the double-pole self-recovery switch, the line between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 in the battery pack 101 is conducted, and the battery cell 1011 can supply power to the battery management system 1013. When the user releases the double pole self-healing switch, the line between the cell 1011 in the battery pack 101 and the battery management system 1013 is broken. In order to enable the line between the cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 In the battery pack 101 to remain on when the user releases the double-pole self-recovery switch, referring to fig. 4, the first switch unit 1012 further includes a switch element 1012a, wherein one end of the switch element 1012a is connected to the first input terminal In1, and the other end is connected to the cell 1011; the switching element 1012a is used to close after power up of the local battery management system 1013.

As can be seen in fig. 4, switching element 1012a and double pole switch 1012b are connected in parallel. In one case, when the double pole switch 1012b is closed, the lines between the cell 1011 in the battery pack 101, the double pole switch 1012b and the battery management system 1013 are conducted, and the cell 1011 in the battery pack 101 supplies power to the battery management system 1013. In another case, when the switching element 1012a is closed, the line between the cell 1011 in the battery pack 101, the switching element 1012a and the battery management system 1013 is conducted, and the cell 1011 in the battery pack 101 supplies power to the battery management system 1013.

Illustratively, at least one output of the battery management system 1013 further comprises a second output Out2, the second output Out2 being connected to the switching element 1012 a; the battery management system 1013 of the local device is configured to send a hold signal to the switching element 1012a through the second output terminal Out2 after power-on, so that the switching element 1012a is always in a closed state, and further, a line between the battery cell 1011 of the local device and the battery management system 1013 can be kept in a conductive state. Of course, when power supply to the battery management system 1013 is not required, the local battery management system 1013 is configured to send an off signal to the switching element 1012a, so that the switching element 1012a can be controlled to be turned off to disconnect the power supply circuit from the battery 1011 to the battery management system 1013, thereby reducing the power consumption of the battery management system 1013 to the battery 1011.

For example, in order to avoid the problem that the line between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 of the local machine is powered down after the user releases the double-pole self-recovery switch, the battery management system 1013 of the local machine is further configured to send a hold signal to the switching element 1012a through the second output terminal Out2 within a preset period after power-up, so as to ensure that the battery management system 1013 of the local machine is not powered down after power-up. The preset duration may be set according to the specific hardware setting condition of the battery pack 101, which is not limited in this embodiment, for example, the preset duration is 300ms or 200 ms. The switching element 1012a may be a device having a switching function such as a relay. It will be appreciated that if the battery management system 1013 does not send the hold signal to the switching element 1012a through the second output terminal Out2 within the preset period of time, there may occur a problem that the double-pole self-recovery switch has been released by the user, and the battery management system 1013 is powered down, so that the hold signal cannot be sent to the outside any more. Therefore, the action of sending the hold signal is performed within the preset time period, so that it can be ensured that the battery management system 1013 can keep being powered on after the double-pole self-recovery switch is released by the user.

The following examples give several possible embodiments for controlling the power-up of the battery management system 1013 in the next battery pack 101 connected locally via the first output Out1 after the power-up of the battery management system 1013 in the battery pack 101.

In a first possible embodiment, the first output Out1 of any one battery pack 101 is used to directly connect to the first input In1 of the next battery pack 101. Referring to fig. 1, when N battery packs 101 are sequentially connected, the first output terminal Out1 of the battery management system 1013 In the i-th battery pack 101 can be directly connected to the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 In the i+1th battery pack 101, so that after power is applied to the battery management system 1013 In the i-th battery pack 101, a power supply signal can be input to the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 In the i+1th battery pack 101 through the first output terminal Out1 thereof, so that the battery management system 1013 In the i+1th battery pack 101 is powered on.

For example, when N battery packs 101 are sequentially connected, the user may close the double-pole switch 1012b In the first battery pack 101, so that the battery management system 1013 In the first battery pack 101 is powered on, and then the powered-on battery management system 1013 provides power for the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 In the next battery pack 101 through the first output terminal Out1, so that the battery management system 1013 In the next battery pack 101 is powered on, and so on until all the battery management systems 1013 In all the battery packs 101 are powered on, so that one key is implemented to power on all the battery packs 101, and the power-on efficiency is improved.

In a second possible embodiment, referring to fig. 5A, in order to effectively control the flow of current and improve safety, any battery pack 101 further includes a second switching unit 1015; the first output terminal Out1 of any one battery pack 101 is connected to the first input terminal In1 of the next battery pack 101 through the second switching unit 1015. Specifically, the first output terminal Out1 of any one battery pack 101 is connected to the second switching unit 1015 thereof, and the second switching unit 1015 of any one battery pack 101 is directly connected to the first input terminal In1 of the next battery pack 101. The battery management system 1013 of any battery pack 101 is configured to control the second switch unit to be closed through the first output terminal Out1 after power-up, so that the battery management system 1013 of the present battery pack 101 supplies power to the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101. In this embodiment, by providing the second switch unit 1015, the flow of current can be effectively controlled, and better safety can be provided, and when maintenance, battery replacement or other operations are required, safety problems such as accidental electric shock or short circuit can be prevented by closing the switch.

For example, when N battery packs 101 are sequentially connected, the user may close the double-pole switch 1012b In the first battery pack 101, so that the battery management system 1013 In the first battery pack 101 is powered on, and then the battery management system 1013 after power-on closes the second switch unit 1015 through the first output terminal Out1, so as to provide electric energy for the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 In the next battery pack 101, so that the battery management system 1013 In the next battery pack 101 is powered on, and so on until all the battery management systems 1013 In all the battery packs 101 are powered on, so that one key is implemented to power up all the battery packs 101, thereby improving the power-on efficiency.

For example, when N battery packs 101 are sequentially connected, N is an integer greater than 0, the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 is configured to control the second switching unit 1015 to be turned off through the first output terminal Out1 after the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 connected thereto (i.e., the i+1th battery pack 101) is powered on. Specifically, after the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 turns on the second switching unit 1015 of the i-th battery pack 101 so that the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 is powered on, the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 may send a hold signal to the switching element 1012a of the i-th battery pack 101 to turn on the line between the cell 1011 of the i-th battery pack 101, the switching element 1012a and the battery management system 1013 so that the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 may be powered by the cell in the i-th battery pack 101, the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 may control the second switching unit 1015 of the present battery pack 101 to be turned off, thereby avoiding excessive power loss in the i-th battery pack 101 and being beneficial to improving the balance between the power amounts of the respective battery packs 101.

In a third possible embodiment, referring to fig. 5B, the first output terminal Out1 of any one of the battery packs 101 includes a first sub-output terminal Out11 and a second sub-output terminal Out12, the first sub-output terminal Out11 is connected to the first input terminal In1 of the next battery pack 101 through one end of the first switch unit 1012 of the next battery pack 101, and the second sub-output terminal Out12 is connected to the cell 1011 of the next battery pack 101 through the other end of the first switch unit 1012 of the next battery pack 101. That is, when the N battery packs 101 are sequentially connected, the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101, the battery cell 1011 in the i+1-th battery pack 101, and the battery management system 1013 of the i+1-th battery pack 101 form a closed loop, and the battery management system 1013 of the i+1-th battery pack 101 can be supplied with power by the battery cell 1011 of the i+1-th battery pack 101, thereby contributing to an improvement in the balance between the electric quantities of the respective battery packs 101.

For example, referring to fig. 4 and 5B, the first switch unit 1012 includes a first switch 01, one end of the first switch 01 is connected to the first input terminal In1, and the other end of the first switch 01 is connected to the battery core 1011; the first output terminal Out1 includes a first sub-output terminal Out11 and a second sub-output terminal Out12, the first sub-output terminal Out11 is connected to the first input terminal In1 through one end of the first path switch 01, and the second sub-output terminal Out12 is connected to the cell 1011 through the other end of the first path switch 01. That is, when the N battery packs 101 are sequentially connected, if the battery management system 1013 In the i+1th battery pack 101 is powered on under the control of the i-th battery pack 101, the battery management system 1013 In the i+1th battery pack 101 is powered on with the first input terminal In1 receiving the power, and the second input terminal In2 of the battery management system 1013 In the i+1th battery pack 101 does not receive the input signal, thereby facilitating the subsequent master-slave recognition.

In a fourth possible embodiment, referring to fig. 5C, each battery pack 101 further includes a second switching unit 1015, and the first output terminal Out1 is connected to the first input terminal In1 of the next battery pack 101 through the second switching unit 1015; specifically, the first output terminal Out1 of the local battery management system 1013 is connected to the second switching unit 1015, one end of the second switching unit 1015 is connected to the first input terminal In1 of the next battery pack 101 through one end of the first switching unit 1012 of the next battery pack 101, and the other end of the second switching unit 1015 is connected to the cell 1011 of the next battery pack 101 through the other end of the first switching unit 1012 of the next battery pack 101. The local battery management system 1013 is configured to control, after power is applied, the second switch unit 1015 to be turned on through the first output terminal Out1, and after the second switch unit 1015 is turned on, a line between the local second switch unit 1015, the battery cell 1011 in the next battery pack 101, and the battery management system 1013 is turned on, so that the battery cell 1011 in the next battery pack 101 supplies power to the battery management system 1013 thereof. The second switching unit 1015 may be a device having a switching function such as a relay. In this embodiment, by providing the second switch unit 1015, accurate control is achieved to supply power to the battery management system 1013 in the next battery pack 101 from the battery core 1011 in the next battery pack 101, and the power supply conditions of the battery packs 101 are independent, so as to be beneficial to improving the balance between the electric quantities of the battery packs 101.

As can be seen from fig. 5C, the second switching unit 1015 of the local unit is connected in parallel with the first switching unit 1012 in the next battery pack 101.

Referring to fig. 4 and fig. 5C, a first switch unit 1012 In any battery pack 101 includes a first switch 01, one end of the first switch 01 is connected to a first input terminal In1, and the other end of the first switch 01 is connected to a battery core 1011; one end of the second switch unit 1015 In any battery pack 101 is connected to the first input end In1 of the next battery pack 101 through one end of the first switch 01 of the next battery pack 101, and the other end of the second switch unit 1015 is connected to the cell 1011 of the next battery pack 101 through the other end of the first switch 01 of the next battery pack 101. That is, when the N battery packs 101 are sequentially connected, if the battery management system 1013 In the i+1th battery pack 101 is powered on after the i-th battery pack 101 controls the second switching unit 1015 thereof to be closed, the battery management system 1013 In the i+1th battery pack 101 is powered on when the first input terminal In1 receives power, and the second input terminal In2 of the battery management system 1013 In the i+1th battery pack 101 does not receive an input signal, thereby facilitating the subsequent master-slave recognition.

For example, when N battery packs 101 are sequentially connected, the user may close the double-pole switch 1012b in the first battery pack 101, so that the battery management system 1013 in the first battery pack 101 is powered on, and then the battery management system 1013 after power-on closes the second switch unit 1015 connected with the second switch unit 1013, so that the battery management system 1013 in the second battery pack 101 is powered on, and the battery management system 1013 after power-on in the second battery pack 101 closes the second switch unit 1015 connected with the second switch unit 1013, so that the battery management system 1013 in the third battery pack 101 is powered on, and so on until all the battery management systems 1013 in the battery packs 101 are powered on, so that one key is implemented to power on all the battery packs 101, thereby improving the power-on efficiency.

For example, when N battery packs 101 are sequentially connected, N is an integer greater than 0, the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 is configured to control the second switching unit 1015 to be turned off through the first output terminal Out1 after the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 connected thereto (i.e., the i+1th battery pack 101) is powered on. Specifically, after the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 makes the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 power by closing the second switching unit 1015 of the i-th battery pack 101, the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 may send a hold signal to the switching element 1012a of the i-th battery pack 101, and turn on the line between the cell 1011 of the i-th battery pack 101, the switching element 1012a, and the battery management system 1013, so that the cell 1011 in the i-th battery pack 101 continues to supply power to the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 without the second switching unit 1015 of the i-th battery pack 101, the battery management system 1013 of the i-th battery pack 101 may control the second switching unit 1015 of the present battery pack 101 to be turned off.

The present embodiment considers that in the case where both the switching element 1012a of the i+1th battery pack 101 and the second switching unit 1015 of the i th battery pack 101 are closed, a closed loop is formed between the battery management system 1013 of the i th battery pack 101, the second switching unit 1015 of the i th battery pack 101, the switching element 1012a of the i+1th battery pack 101 and the battery management system 1013 of the i+1th battery pack 101, so that the battery management system 1013 of the i th battery pack 101 may also supply power to the battery management system 1013 of the i+1th battery pack 101, which may unbalance the power of each battery pack 101, and thus the battery management system 1013 of the present machine may control the second switching unit 1015 connected thereto to be opened through the first output terminal Out1 after the battery management system 1013 of the next battery pack 101 connected thereto is powered on, thereby guaranteeing the balance between the power of each battery pack 101.

By analogy, the battery management system 1013 of the (i+1) -th battery pack 101 may control the second switching unit 1015 in the (i+1) -th battery pack 101 to be closed through the first output terminal Out1 so as to conduct the line between the second switching unit 1015 of the (i+1) -th battery pack 101, the battery cell 1011 of the (i+2) -th battery pack 101 and the battery management system 1013, so that the battery management system 1013 of the (i+2) -th battery pack 101 gets power, the battery management system 1013 of the (i+2) -th battery pack 101 may send a hold signal to the switching element 1012a thereof after getting power, and conduct the line between the battery cell 1011 of the (i+2) -th battery pack 101, the switching element 1012a and the battery management system 1013, so that the battery cell 1011 of the (i+2) -th battery pack 101 continues to supply power to the battery management system 1013 of the (i+2) -th battery pack 101) without the second switching unit 1013 of the (i+1) -th battery pack 101), the battery management system 1013 of the (i+1) -th battery pack 101 may control the battery management system 1013 to send a hold signal to the switching element 1012a after getting power, and the power balance between the battery cells 101 is guaranteed.

In some embodiments, the battery pack 101 may further include a voltage conversion unit 1014, where one end of the voltage conversion unit 1014 is connected to the battery management system 1013, and the other end is connected to the battery cell 1011, for converting an output voltage of the battery cell 1011. For example, referring to fig. 6, one end of the voltage converting unit 1014 is connected to the battery management system 1013, and the other end is connected to the battery cell 1011 through the first switching unit 1012.

In order to meet the power consumption requirement of the electric equipment, the voltage output by the battery 1011 is often larger, and the voltage output by the battery 1011 can be converted into the working voltage suitable for the battery management system 1013 by adding the voltage conversion unit 1014 to the battery pack 101, so as to prevent the battery management system 1013 from being damaged due to overlarge input voltage. In addition, when the output voltage of the battery cell 1011 changes, the voltage conversion unit 1014 can convert the output voltage of the battery cell 1011 into a fixed voltage, thereby ensuring the stability of the power supply signal and the control signal input to the battery management system 1013. Alternatively, the voltage converting unit 1014 may be a direct current-direct current (DC-DC) converter.

For example, referring to fig. 4, the first switching unit 1012 includes a double pole switch 1012b, and the double pole switch 1012b includes a first path switch 01 and a second path switch 02. One end of the first switch 01 is connected to the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 via the voltage conversion unit 1014, and the other end of the first switch 01 is connected to the battery core 1011. One end of the second switch 02 is connected to the second input terminal In2, and one end of the second switch 02 connected to the first switch 01 is connected to the first switch 01 via the voltage conversion unit 1014.

Referring to fig. 6, one end of the switching element 1012a is connected to the battery cell 1011, and the other end is connected to the first input terminal In1 of the battery management system 1013 via the voltage converting unit 1014. In this way, when the switching element 1012a is turned off, the cell 1011 can stop outputting electric power to the voltage conversion unit 1014 and the battery management system 1013, thereby simultaneously reducing the electric power consumption of the cell 1011 by the voltage conversion unit 1014 and the battery management system 1013.

Considering that in some application scenarios, the power receiving apparatus or the charging apparatus is generally equipped with only an interface that receives a power supply signal and a communication signal of one battery, and therefore, in the case of using a plurality of battery packs 101 for power supply, it is necessary to provide a master-slave machine for the battery management system 1013 in each battery pack 101. The master machine may be used to control the local machine and each slave machine, and the slave machine may control the battery pack 101 where the local machine is located. Such management includes, but is not limited to, power control, charge control, fault monitoring, fault reporting, temperature monitoring, and/or communication and data management, among others.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the first switch unit 1012 includes a double pole switch 1012b, and the double pole switch 1012b includes a first path switch 01 and a second path switch 02. The second input In2 of the local battery management system 1013 can also receive an input signal when the user operates the double pole switch 1012b, and if the local battery management system 1013 is powered under the control of the battery management system 1013 of the last battery pack 101 connected to the local, the second input In2 of the local battery management system 1013 cannot receive an input signal. Therefore, the battery management system 1013 of the local device is further configured to set the local device as the host when the second input terminal In2 receives the input signal.

If the second input In2 of the battery management system 1013 In one battery pack 101 fails to acquire an input signal, the battery management system 1013 sets the own as a slave. For example, the battery management system 1013 may start timing when power is supplied, and if the second input terminal In2 of the battery management system 1013 fails to receive the input signal when the timing period reaches the preset period threshold, the battery management system 1013 sets the local as the slave. The embodiment can accurately distinguish the host computer from the slave computer according to whether the user operates the first switch unit 1012, so that the convenience of the identification of the master computer and the slave computer is improved.

It can be understood that one end of the first switch 01 In the double-pole switch 1012b is connected to the first input end In1 of the battery management system 1013, and the other end of the first switch 01 is connected to the electric core 1011, so as to supply power to the battery management system 1013; one end of the second path switch 02 is connected with the second input end In2, and the other end of the second path switch 02 is connected with one end of the first path switch 01 connected with the first input end In1, so that a basis is provided for the identification and judgment of the master-slave machine. In this embodiment, the transmission of the power supply signal and the transmission of the input signal for master-slave machine identification are realized by multiplexing the same two-pole switch 1012b, so that the battery pack 101 has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

In other embodiments, referring to fig. 7, at least one input terminal of the battery management system 1013 further includes an external signal input terminal In3, and the external signal input terminal In3 is used for connecting with an external power source. The battery management system 1013 of the host is configured to set the host as the host when the external signal input terminal In3 receives the input signal. If the battery management system 1013 fails to acquire the electrical signal output from the external power supply through the external signal input terminal In3, the battery management system 1013 sets the local as the slave. By arranging the external signal input end In3, besides the first switch unit 1012 is manually operated by a user, the master-slave machine can be arranged In a power supply mode of an external power supply, so that the setting mode of the master-slave machine is more flexible, and the requirements of various use scenes can be met.

For example, referring to fig. 7, the external signal input terminal In3 includes a third input terminal In31, and the third input terminal In31 is configured to be connected to the external battery 200. For example, referring to fig. 8, when the battery pack 101 is used for a propeller 400 (e.g., an outboard motor), the propeller 400 is provided with a storage battery 200, and the storage battery 200 is mainly used to supply power to electric equipment such as an ECU, a tilting motor, a steering motor, and the like of the propeller 400. When the propeller 400 is connected to the battery pack 101 and the propeller 400 is powered on, the propeller 400 will input the electric energy provided by the storage battery 200 to the third input terminal In31 of the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 directly connected thereto, so that the battery management system 1013 is powered on, and therefore, the master-slave machine can be set by means of whether the electric energy is input to the third input terminal In31, so that the setting mode of the master-slave machine is more flexible, and the requirements of various use scenarios can be met.

For example, referring to fig. 7, the external signal input terminal In3 includes a fourth input terminal In32, and the fourth input terminal In32 is configured to be connected to an external charging device 300. For example, referring to fig. 9, the battery pack 101 may be charged without operating the first switching unit 1012 during charging. The charging device 300 supplies and communicates only with the battery pack 101 directly connected thereto. The charging device 300 is plugged In, and the charging device 300 provides electric energy to the fourth input end In32 of the battery pack 101 which is directly connected with the charging device 300, so that the power management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 is electrified, and therefore, a master-slave machine can be set In a mode of whether the fourth input end In32 has electric energy input or not, so that the setting mode of the master-slave machine is more flexible, and the requirements of various use scenes can be met.

In some embodiments, after determining the master-slave machine, the battery management system 1013 in the master machine is further configured to disconnect the line between the local battery cell 1011 and the local battery management system 1013 after powering up if the power-down signal is detected, so that the local power-down is performed. Wherein the power-down signal may be generated by a user operating the first switching unit 1012 in the host computer; alternatively, the power-down signal may be transmitted by the power receiving apparatus; alternatively, the power-down signal may be generated after the connection between the charging device 300 and the battery pack 101 is disconnected, or the like, which is not limited in the present application. Specifically, the battery management system 1013 in the host may open the switching element 1012a in the host, thereby disconnecting the line between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 in the host.

For example, considering that the master plays a role of uniformly managing each slave, after the power-on, if the battery management system 1013 in the master detects the power-on signal, the power-off command may be sent to all the slaves first, so that each slave breaks the line between its own battery cell 1011 and its own battery management system 1013, and then disconnects the line between its own battery cell 1011 and its own battery management system 1013, so that the plurality of battery packs 101 can be powered down by one key, which is beneficial to improving the power-on efficiency. The battery management system 1013 in each slave device can disconnect the switching element 1012a in the slave device, thereby disconnecting the line between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 in the slave device.

For example, the user may cause the battery management system 1013 in the host to receive the power-down signal by operating the first switching unit 1012 of the host. Since the first switch unit 1012 can not only power up the battery pack 101 but also power down the battery pack 101, in order to avoid that the user presses the first switch unit 1012 for a long time to cause the battery pack 101 to mistakenly consider the power up signal as the power down signal, the battery management system 1013 in the host is configured to control the host and all the slaves to power down if the power down signal is detected after the first time period from the power up. The embodiment realizes that whether the power-down signal is detected or not is judged after the power-up is performed for a period of time, and the power-down accuracy is ensured. It can be appreciated that the first duration may be specifically set according to an actual application scenario, which is not limited in this embodiment. For example, the first duration may be 10s or 20s.

Illustratively, the power-down signal is an input signal received by the host's battery management system 1013 from its second input In 2.

For example, to ensure that the slave can receive the shutdown command sent by the master, the battery management system 1013 in the master is configured to send the shutdown command to all the slaves every second duration after detecting the power-down signal, and disconnect the line between the battery cell 1011 and the battery management system 1013 of the slave after sending the shutdown command for a preset number of times. According to the embodiment, the power-off instruction is sent for a plurality of times, so that the slave can receive the power-off instruction, and power-off operation is executed according to the power-off instruction, and the power-off accuracy is guaranteed. It can be understood that the second duration and the preset number of times can be specifically set according to the actual application scenario, which is not limited in this embodiment. For example, the second duration may be 200ms or 250ms; the preset number of times may be 3 times or 5 times, etc.

In some embodiments, when multiple battery management systems 1013 are connected in sequence, addressing of each battery management system 1013 is required in order to distinguish between multiple battery management systems 1013. Illustratively, the battery management system 1013 in the master is used to address the battery management system 1013 in the slave.

For example, the master is the 1 st battery pack 101 among the N battery packs 101 connected in sequence, and the 2 nd battery packs 101 to the N-th battery packs 101 among the N battery packs 101 are slaves. In the case where each of the battery packs 101 is not addressed, the battery management system 1013 in the host may sequentially address the N battery packs 101. The battery management system 1013 in the host determines that the host is the host after power-on, and addresses the host. After the host self-addressing is successful, the battery management system 1013 in the 2 nd battery pack 101 connected thereto is controlled to be powered up, and the battery management system 1013 in the 2 nd battery pack 101 is addressed. After the addressing of the battery management system 1013 in the 2 nd battery pack 101 is successful, the battery management system 1013 in the 2 nd battery pack 101 controls the battery management system 1013 in the 3 rd battery pack 101 to be powered up in the above-described manner, then the battery management system 1013 in the host computer programs the battery management system 1013 in the 3 rd battery pack 101, and so on until the entire addressing of the battery management systems 1013 in the N battery packs 101 is successful.

In another example, the battery management system 1013 in the master may not address itself, and only the battery management system 1013 in the slave may be addressed. The present embodiment is not limited in this regard.

In one possible embodiment, the battery management system 1013 in the master is configured to determine the address of the battery management system 1013 in the slave according to the connection order of the slave in the battery module 100. For example, when N battery packs 101 are connected in sequence, for example, the address of the battery management system 1013 in the host is "0", the address of the battery management system 1013 in the second battery pack 101 connected to the host is "1", the address of the battery management system 1013 in the third battery pack 101 connected to the second battery pack 101 is "2", and so on, the address of the battery management system 1013 in the nth battery pack 101 is "N-1". The embodiment determines the address of the slave machine based on the connection sequence of the slave machine, so that the addressing process can be simplified, and the addressing efficiency can be improved; and because the connection orders of different slaves are different, each slave can be allocated with a unique address, the condition that a plurality of slaves use the same address is avoided, and the reliability and the stability of communication are ensured.

In one possible implementation, the battery management system 1013 in the master is also used to monitor the battery management system 1013 in the slave.

The battery management system 1013 in the master is further configured to control the second switch unit 1015 in the last battery pack 101 connected to the slave to be closed to activate the slave and readdrew the slave when the feedback signal sent by any slave is not received. The readdressed address may be the original address of the slave.

For convenience of description, the battery management system 1013 that needs addressing will be referred to as a target battery management system 1013 hereinafter.

In some embodiments, the act of addressing the target battery management system 1013 may be performed at the time of the battery management system 1013 being powered up, the addressing being the first addressing. For example, when a certain battery management system 1013 among the plurality of battery management systems 1013 receives an operation of a user and is powered on, an operation of addressing the battery management system 1013 and the remaining battery management systems 1013 following the battery management system 1013 is started.

In another embodiment, during the operation after addressing of the plurality of battery management systems 1013 is completed, the signal of one of the battery management systems 1013 may be lost due to vibration and environmental problems, and the target battery management system 1013 is the battery management system 1013 with lost signal. The host may address the battery management system 1013, where the addressing is readdressing (abbreviated re-addressing). Assuming that the slave having lost the signal is the battery management system 1013 in the i-th battery pack 101, the master may activate the battery management system 1013 in the i-th battery pack 101 through the battery management system 1013 in the i-1-th battery pack 101, and readdrew the battery management system 1013 in the i-th battery pack 101 after the battery management system 1013 in the i-th battery pack 101 is activated; the activation process is a process of powering up the battery management system 1013 in the i-th battery pack 101, and specifically, see the above description.

During operation after addressing of the plurality of battery management systems 1013, each slave may send a feedback signal to the master, which may be used as a basis for the master to determine whether each slave is lost. If the master fails to receive the feedback signal sent by a slave, the master may determine that the slave signal is lost, thereby determining the battery management system 1013 in the slave as a target battery management system 1013, and controlling the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013 to readdrew the target battery management system 1013. The connection state of the slave is monitored based on the receiving condition of the feedback signal, so that the master can be helped to find the lost condition of the slave in time and make corresponding decisions, and further the running reliability and stability of the battery management systems 1013 are guaranteed.

As to the type of the feedback signal, the feedback signal may alternatively be a heartbeat signal sent from the slave to the master at a preset frequency. Because the heartbeat signal is sent according to the preset frequency, the computer can timely judge whether the slave is lost according to the receiving condition of the heartbeat signal, and the detection efficiency of whether the slave is lost is improved. Alternatively, the feedback signal may be a response signal that the slave responds to the polling signal sent from the host. It can be appreciated that, compared with the scheme of detecting the loss of the slave computers by using the additional heartbeat signals, the additional heartbeat signals may occupy the time sequence of the communication between the master computers and the slave computers, and for the case of a large number of slave computers, the polling period between the master computers and all the slave computers may be prolonged, so that the polling frequency of the master computers to all the slave computers is reduced, which is not beneficial for the master computers to acquire the data of the slave computers in time. The slave loss monitoring is directly carried out by adopting the response signal, no additional communication flow is needed to be inserted, the communication time sequence of the host and any slave is not occupied, the polling frequency between the host and a plurality of slaves can be ensured under the condition that the slave loss monitoring requirement is met, and further the timely acquisition of the slave data by the host is ensured. In one example of the present application, after addressing of the plurality of battery management systems 1013 is completed, the type of feedback signal may be determined based on the number of slaves in the plurality of battery management systems 1013. When the number reaches the set number, selecting the response signal as a feedback signal; when the number is less than the set number, the heartbeat signal is selected as the feedback signal. Therefore, the timeliness of the slave machine loss monitoring can be improved when the number of the slave machines is small, and the timeliness of the slave machine data acquisition can be ensured when the number of the slave machines is large.

Upon addressing (first addressing or re-addressing) the target battery management system 1013, the host may send the address of the target battery management system 1013 to the target battery management system 1013. The target battery management system 1013 may store an address field, and after receiving the address sent by the host, the target battery management system 1013 may assign the address sent by the host to the address field of the host, thereby setting the address of the target battery management system 1013 as the address sent by the host.

The address of the target battery management system 1013 may include numbers, letters, and/or symbols. The host may address different battery management systems 1013 to different addresses in order to distinguish between the individual battery management systems 1013. Alternatively, the address of the target battery management system 1013 is determined based on the connection order of the target battery management system 1013 among the plurality of battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence. For example, if the target battery management system 1013 is the i-th battery management system 1013 among the N battery management systems 1013, the address of the target battery management system 1013 is N. It will be appreciated that when a particular battery management system 1013 is lost, the host may prompt the user for a loss of the battery management system 1013 and prompt the user for the address of the lost target battery management system 1013. Because the address is related to the order in which the lost battery management system 1013 is connected among the plurality of battery management systems 1013, the user can easily find the lost battery management system 1013 from among the plurality of battery management systems 1013. Thus, great convenience can be provided to the user in resolving the lost battery management system 1013.

In the case where the addressing of the target battery management system 1013 is readdressed, the address of the target battery management system 1013 after readdressed may be the original address of the target battery management system 1013. In the case where the target battery management system 1013 is the i-th battery management system 1013, the original address of the target battery management system 1013 is N, and the address of the target battery management system 1013 after readdressing is also N. It will be appreciated that after a battery management system 1013 of the plurality of battery management systems 1013 is lost, the lost battery management system 1013 is typically directly readdressed without altering the order in which the lost battery management system 1013 is connected among the plurality of battery management systems 1013. Therefore, the address of the lost battery management system 1013 can be set to the original address, so that on one hand, a situation that a new address is given to the lost battery management system 1013 and the address of other battery management systems 1013 possibly overlap can be avoided, on the other hand, the address management of the host is also facilitated, and furthermore, the user can easily distinguish which position of the lost battery management system 1013 is in the plurality of battery management systems 1013.

In other examples, the readdressed address of the target battery management system 1013 and the original address of the target battery management system 1013 may be determined based on the connection order of the target battery management system 1013 among the plurality of battery management systems 1013 connected in sequence, but the readdressed address and the original address may be different. For example, the address of the target battery management system 1013 may carry information of the number of times the target battery management system 1013 is readdressed. Still assuming that the target battery management system 1013 is the i-th battery management system 1013, the address of the target battery management system 1013 may be denoted as i_x after the x-th addressing of the target battery management system 1013. Where x=1 indicates that the i-th battery management system 1013 is addressed for the first time; if x > 1, it indicates that the i-th battery management system 1013 has performed x-1 re-addresses.

In this manner, the number of readdresses of each battery management system 1013 can be recorded. If the number of readdresses of one of the battery management systems 1013 is greater than the preset number threshold, a prompt message may be output. The hint may carry an address of the battery management system 1013 where the number of readdresses is greater than a preset number of thresholds. If a battery management system 1013 is frequently re-addressed, there may be a problem in that the battery management system 1013 has loose wiring, and the like. Therefore, through outputting the prompt information, the user can be reminded to timely handle abnormal conditions such as loose wiring.

In some embodiments, after the host controls the previous battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013, the previous battery management system 1013 returns an activation response signal to the host. The activation response signal may indicate that the previous battery management system 1013 successfully activated the target battery management system 1013. Accordingly, addressing the target battery management system 1013 may include: the host addresses the target battery management system 1013 upon receiving the activation response signal sent from the previous battery management system 1013. The feedback of the activation response signal can facilitate the host to know the activation state of the target battery management system 1013, thereby facilitating the host to execute the subsequent addressing operation and ensuring the smooth development of the addressing flow.

In some embodiments, if the host does not receive the activation response signal, the operation of performing the activation of the target battery management system 1013 by the previous battery management system 1013 of the control target battery management system 1013 may also be returned. When abnormal conditions such as loose wiring and poor communication signals occur, the host may fail to receive the activation response signal successfully. The duration of some abnormal situations may be short, and thus, by attempting to control the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013 a plurality of times, the target battery management system 1013 can be successfully activated after the abnormal situation is recovered to be normal, thereby improving the activation success rate of the target battery management system 1013.

Further, a threshold value of the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 of the control target battery management system 1013 activates the target battery management system 1013 (referred to as a third preset number of times) may be set in advance. If the activation response signal is not received yet when the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 controlling the target battery management system 1013 activates the target battery management system 1013 reaches the third preset number of times, it indicates that the activation of the target battery management system 1013 fails. At this time, the host may output a fault prompt for the user to handle the fault in time. The fault prompt may further include fault type information (for example, a fault code corresponding to the activation failure of the target battery management system 1013), an address of the battery management system 1013 with the activation failure, etc., so that the user can find the battery management system 1013 with the activation failure and troubleshoot the cause of the fault.

If the activation response signal is received before the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 of the control target battery management system 1013 activates the target battery management system 1013 reaches the third preset number of times, the host may further clear the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 of the control target battery management system 1013 activates the target battery management system 1013, so that when addressing the next target battery management system 1013, the current activation number of times of the next target battery management system 1013 can be accurately determined, the problem that the next target battery management system 1013 cannot be activated for multiple times after the first activation failure is caused due to the fact that the activation number of times is not clear is avoided, and smooth development of the addressing process of the next target battery management system 1013 is ensured.

After the addressing of the target battery management system 1013 is successful, the target battery management system 1013 may return an address response signal to the host. After addressing the target battery management system 1013, the addressing method may further include: if the host receives the addressing response signal fed back by the target battery management system 1013, it confirms that the addressing of the target battery management system 1013 is successful. The feedback of the addressing response signal may facilitate the host to know whether the target battery management system 1013 is successfully addressed, thereby facilitating the host to perform subsequent operations.

If the host fails to receive the address response signal due to a disconnection of the target battery management system 1013, an abnormality in a communication link between the target battery management system 1013 and the host, or the like, the host attempts to address the target battery management system 1013 again. Since the duration of some abnormal situations is relatively short, the target battery management system 1013 can be successfully addressed after the abnormal situations are restored to normal by attempting to address the target battery management system 1013 a plurality of times, thereby improving the addressing success rate. The maximum number of times the target battery management system 1013 is addressed (hereinafter referred to as a first preset number of times) may be preset. The first preset number of times may be set according to actual needs, for example, to 3 times, 5 times, 10 times, or the like. Alternatively, the first preset number of times in the first addressing process may be smaller than the first preset number of times in the re-addressing process. For example, the first preset number of times may be 3 times at the time of the first addressing; and the first preset number of times may be 10 times at the time of readdressing. The smaller first preset times are set during the first addressing, so that the time delay of the addressing process can be reduced, and each battery pack 101 can acquire the address as soon as possible; the first larger preset times are set during the re-addressing, so that the condition of re-addressing failure caused by transient abnormality can be reduced, and the success rate of re-addressing is improved.

The host may record the current number of times that the target battery management system 1013 has been addressed in the host and start timing while addressing the target battery management system 1013. If the host fails to receive the address response signal fed back by the target battery management system 1013 before the timer expires, the host increments the current number of addresses of the target battery management system 1013 by 1 and tries to address the target battery management system 1013 again. By counting time and setting the timeout period, the host can determine in time that the target battery management system 1013 fails to feed back the response signal, and reattempt to address the target battery management system 1013, thereby improving the addressing efficiency.

In some embodiments, if the number of times the target battery management system 1013 is addressed reaches the first preset number of times, the addressing response signal is not received yet, which indicates that the addressing of the target battery management system 1013 fails. At this time, the host may output a fault prompt for the user to handle the fault in time. The fault prompt may further include fault type information (for example, a fault code corresponding to the addressing failure of the target battery management system 1013), an address of the addressing failed battery management system 1013, etc., so that the user can find the addressing failed battery management system 1013 and troubleshoot the cause of the fault.

In some embodiments, if the addressing response signal fed back by the target battery management system 1013 is received before the number of times of addressing the target battery management system 1013 reaches the first preset number of times, which indicates that the addressing of the target battery management system 1013 is successful, the host may clear the number of times of addressing the target battery management system 1013. By resetting the number of times of addressing the target battery management system 1013, the number of times of addressing the next target battery management system 1013 can be accurately determined when the next target battery management system 1013 is addressed, the problem that the next target battery management system 1013 cannot be addressed for multiple times after the first addressing failure is caused by the fact that the number of times of addressing is not reset is avoided, and smooth development of the addressing process of the next target battery management system 1013 is ensured.

In some embodiments, after addressing the target battery management system 1013, the host controls the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013. By controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, it is possible to reduce power consumption of the battery pack 101 in which the previous battery management system 1013 is located due to activating the target battery management system 1013, and to improve balance between the amounts of electricity of the battery packs 101 in which the respective battery management systems 1013 are located.

The process of the host controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to activate and deactivate the target battery management system 1013 may be achieved by sending an activation instruction to the target battery management system 1013. Specifically, the host may send an activation control instruction to the previous battery management system 1013, and the previous battery management system 1013 may activate the target battery management system 1013 in response to the activation control instruction. The host may also send a stop activation control instruction to the previous battery management system 1013, and the previous battery management system 1013 may stop activating the target battery management system 1013 in response to the stop activation control instruction.

In one implementation, two adjacent battery management systems 1013 may be connected through a second switching unit 1015, and the host controls the previous battery management system 1013 to close the second switching unit 1015 between the previous battery management system 1013 and the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013. In this implementation, the instruction (abbreviated as a closing instruction) sent by the host to control the second switch unit 1015 to close is an activation control instruction. After the second switching unit 1015 is closed, the target battery management system 1013 may be powered, and thus activated. In this embodiment, by providing the second switch unit 1015, the host only needs to control the second switch unit 1015 to be turned on, so that the target battery management system 1013 can be powered on and activated, and since the time required for the process of powering on and activating the target battery management system 1013 by turning on the second switch unit 1015 is shorter, the activation efficiency of the target battery management system 1013 can be effectively improved.

The host may also stop the activation of the target battery management system 1013 from the previous battery management system 1013 by controlling the second switching unit 1015 to be turned off. In this implementation, the instruction (abbreviated as "off instruction") sent by the host for controlling the second switch unit 1015 to be turned off is a stop activation control instruction. The above embodiment only needs to provide the second switching unit 1015 in hardware to implement the activation and deactivation of the previous battery management system 1013 to the activation target battery management system 1013, and the cost of the second switching unit 1015 is low, so that the hardware cost of the battery pack 101 can be effectively reduced. And, the host computer only needs to control the second switch unit 1015 to be turned on or turned off to activate and deactivate the activation target battery management system 1013, and the control logic is simple.

After the host controls the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, the previous battery management system 1013 may return a stop activation response signal to the host to indicate that itself has stopped activating the target battery management system 1013. After controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, if the host receives the stop activating response signal transmitted by the previous battery management system 1013, it is confirmed that the previous battery management system 1013 has succeeded in stopping activating the target battery management system 1013. The previous battery management system 1013 sends a stop activation response signal to the host, so that the host can conveniently judge whether the target battery management system 1013 is successfully stopped and activated, and further, the host can conveniently execute further actions according to the judgment result, for example, retrying to control the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013 or outputting a fault prompt, so as to ensure the smooth development of the addressing flow.

In some embodiments, if the host fails to receive the stop activation response signal, the host returns to perform the action of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, i.e., the host tries to control the previous battery management system 1013 again to stop activating the target battery management system 1013. The maximum number of times (hereinafter referred to as a second preset number of times) that the previous battery management system 1013 is controlled to stop activating the target battery management system 1013 may be preset. The second preset number of times may be set to the same or different value as the first preset number of times according to actual needs. The host may record in the host the number of times that the previous battery management system 1013 has been currently controlled to stop activating the target battery management system 1013, and start timing while controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013. If the host fails to receive the stop activation response signal before the timer times out, the host increases the number of times that the previous battery management system 1013 has been currently controlled to stop activating the target battery management system 1013 by 1, and tries to control the previous battery management system 1013 again to stop activating the target battery management system 1013.

If the stop activation response signal is not received yet when the number of times of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013 reaches the second preset number of times, it indicates that the previous battery management system 1013 fails to stop activating the target battery management system 1013. Therefore, if the stop activation response signal is not received yet when the number of times of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013 reaches the second preset number of times, the host outputs a fault prompt so that the user can handle the fault in time. The fault prompt may further include fault type information (for example, a fault code corresponding to a failure of the previous battery management system 1013 to stop activating the target battery management system 1013), an address of the previous battery management system 1013, etc., so that the user can find the previous battery management system 1013 and troubleshoot a cause of the fault.

If the stop activation response signal is received before the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 is controlled to stop activating the target battery management system 1013 reaches the second preset number of times, it indicates that the previous battery management system 1013 is successful in stopping activating the target battery management system 1013. Therefore, if the stop activation response signal is received before the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 is controlled to stop activating the target battery management system 1013 reaches the second preset number of times, the host clears the number of times the previous battery management system 1013 is controlled to stop activating the target battery management system 1013. In this way, when addressing the next target battery management system 1013, the number of times that the previous battery management system 1013 controlling the next target battery management system 1013 stops activating the next target battery management system 1013 can be accurately determined, the problem that after the previous battery management system 1013 fails to be activated for the first time, the activation stopping time is not cleared, and the activation stopping cannot be performed for multiple times is possibly caused, and the smooth development of the addressing process is ensured.

After the addressing of the target battery management system 1013 is successful, the next battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 is regarded as the updated target battery management system 1013, and the action of controlling the previous battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 to activate the target battery management system 1013 is performed.

In some embodiments, if the updated target battery management system 1013 fails to address, the original target battery management system 1013 is identified as the last slave. For example, assuming that the original target battery management system 1013 is the i-th battery management system 1013, the updated target battery management system 1013 is the i+1th battery management system 1013. If the i+1th battery management system 1013 fails to address, the i battery management system 1013 can be confirmed to be the last slave, thereby completing the round of addressing process.

In some embodiments, if the process of addressing the target battery management system 1013 is to re-address the target battery management system 1013 instead of first addressing, then a determination is made as to whether a feedback signal of the target battery management system 1013 is received.

Based on this, when the feedback signal is not received, the previous battery management system 1013 of the control target battery management system 1013 activates the target battery management system 1013.

In the process of readdressing the target battery management system 1013, the target battery management system 1013 is updated, and the previous battery management system 1013 that performs the control of the target battery management system 1013 is returned to activate the target battery management system 1013. If the target battery management system 1013 is the last slave, the first slave may be used as the updated target battery management system 1013, otherwise, the next battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 is used as the updated target battery management system 1013.

Specifically, if the target battery management system 1013 is the last slave, the master may determine whether the feedback signal of the first slave is received. If no feedback signal is received from the first slave, updating the first slave to the target battery management system 1013; if the feedback signal of the first slave is received, then the judgment is continued whether the feedback signal of the second slave is received. And so on until a slave machine that has not received the feedback signal is determined and determined as the target battery management system 1013.

Similarly, if the target battery management system 1013 is not the last slave, the master may determine whether a feedback signal of the next battery management system 1013 of the target battery management system 1013 (i.e., the first battery management system 1013 after the target battery management system 1013) is received. If no feedback signal is received from the next battery management system 1013, updating the next battery management system 1013 to the target battery management system 1013; if a feedback signal of the next battery management system 1013 is received, it is continued to determine whether a feedback signal of the second battery management system 1013 following the target battery management system 1013 is received. And so on until a slave machine that has not received the feedback signal is determined and determined as the target battery management system 1013. Therefore, if the host receives a feedback signal of a certain slave, the slave can be directly judged to be successfully addressed, so that the slave does not need to be addressed any more, and whether the next slave is successfully addressed can be directly judged, and the addressing efficiency is improved.

The battery pack 101 provided in the present application is exemplarily described below with reference to fig. 8, 9, 10, and 11.

Referring to the battery packs 101 shown In fig. 10, each battery pack 101 has 1 double-pole self-recovery switch (i.e. the double-pole switch 1012 b), when the user presses the double-pole self-recovery switch, the self-locking relay (i.e. the switch element 1012 a) is shorted, and the lines among the battery core 1011, the first switch 01, the DC-DC converter (i.e. the voltage converting unit 1014) and the battery management system 1013 are conducted, the DC-DC converter obtains the battery power, and outputs a 12V or 24V power supply signal to the first input terminal In1 (i.e. the ON-level port In fig. 10) of the battery management system 1013, so that the battery management system 1013 can obtain the electric operation.

When the user presses the double-pole self-recovery switch, the circuit among the battery core 1011, the second switch 02, the DC-DC converter and the battery management system 1013 is conducted, the 12V control signal output by the DC-DC converter is given to the second input end In2 (namely the PWM signal detection port) of the battery management system 1013, and the 12V control signal can be detected after the battery management system 1013 is electrified, so that the battery management system 1013 is set as a host.

In order to avoid that the battery management system 1013 is powered down by the user releasing the double-pole self-recovery switch, the battery management system 1013 sends a hold signal to the latching relay (i.e. the switching element 1012 a) through the second output terminal Out2, and the second output terminal Out2 comprises two sub-output terminals, which are respectively connected with KIP and KIN in the latching relay (not shown in fig. 10). In this way, when the double-pole self-recovery switch is turned off, the circuit among the battery cell 1011, the self-locking relay, the DC-DC converter and the battery management system 1013 is turned on, and the DC-DC converter can continuously obtain the power supply of the battery cell 1011, so that the battery management system 1013 is continuously in the power-on state.

Taking the host as an example, after the battery management system 1013 of the host is powered on, the on-off relay (i.e., the second switch unit 1015) is controlled to be turned on by the first output terminal Out1 (two on-off relay ports in fig. 10) of the battery management system 1013. Referring to fig. 10 and 11, a first port (i.e., an ignition 1 port below the host) of the start-stop relay (i.e., the second switch unit 1015) is connected to the cell 1011 in the next battery pack 101 through the ignition 1 port above the slave 1; the second port (i.e., the ignition 2 port below the master) of the start-stop relay (i.e., the second switching unit 1015) is connected to the first input In1 of the battery management system 1013 In the next battery pack 101 through the ignition 2 port above the slave 1, the DC-DC converter of the next battery pack 101. After the local start-stop relay is closed, the local start-stop relay, the battery cell 1011 of the next battery pack 101, the DC-DC converter, and the battery management system 1013 form a closed loop, so that the battery cell 1011 of the next battery pack 101 can supply power to the battery management system 1013 thereof through the DC-DC converter thereof.

The battery management system 1013 In the next battery pack 101 receives no input signal at the second input terminal In2 thereof after power-up, thereby setting itself as a slave.

As shown In fig. 8, 9 and 10, each battery pack 101 also has an external 12V-C power supply 12V-C detection port (i.e., an external signal input terminal In 3). When the battery pack 101 is used for the propeller 400 (e.g., an outboard motor), the propeller 400 (e.g., an outboard motor) is equipped with the 12V battery 200, and the 12V battery 200 is mainly used for supplying power to the electric equipment such as the ECU, the tilting motor, the steering motor, and the like of the propeller 400 (e.g., an outboard motor). When the propeller 400 (e.g., an outboard motor) is connected to the battery pack 101 and the propeller 400 (e.g., an outboard motor) is powered on, the propeller 400 (e.g., an outboard motor) outputs a 12V-C signal provided by the battery 200 to the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 directly connected thereto, so that the battery management system 1013 is powered on. After the battery management system 1013 is powered on, it detects that there is a 12V signal input at the 12V-C detection port in the figure, and can set itself as the host. Whereas, for the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101 which is not directly connected to the propeller 400 (e.g., an outboard motor), the 12V-C detection port thereof does not detect the 12V signal, and therefore, this part of the battery management system 1013 sets itself as a slave.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, at the time of charging, the battery pack 101 may be charged without operating the first switching unit 1012. The charger (i.e., the charging device 300 in the foregoing embodiment) supplies and communicates only with the battery pack 101 directly connected thereto (simply referred to as the direct battery pack 101). The charger is plugged In, the charger outputs an auxiliary 12V power supply to power the direct-connected battery pack 101, the direct-connected battery pack 101 is electrified, a CHG_P+ detection port (namely an external signal input end In 3) of a battery management system 1013 of the direct-connected battery pack 101 detects the auxiliary 12V power supply for charging, and the direct-connected battery pack 101 is set as a host. In contrast, the chg_p+ detection port of the battery management system 1013 of the battery pack 101, which is not directly connected to the charger, does not detect a signal of 12V, and therefore, this part of the battery management system 1013 sets itself as a slave.

Thereby realizing the power-on operation and master-slave setting process of the plurality of battery packs 101 connected in sequence. After setting up the host and the slave, the host may send a host message, and the slave may send a slave message. The number of hosts may be determined based on the number of battery management systems 1013 that send host messages. If the number of hosts is greater than 1 (e.g., the user presses the first switch unit 1012 in the plurality of battery packs 101), a failure notice may be output. Also, the battery pack 101 may also output a high voltage signal to the power receiving apparatus. If the high voltage power is not supplied when the fault prompt is output, the high voltage power is not supplied (namely, the battery pack 101 is forbidden to output a high voltage signal); if high voltage is applied at this time, the master issues a high voltage command to the slave and all slaves to cause all of the battery packs 101 to be high voltage (i.e., stop outputting high voltage signals).

For example, the user may cause the battery management system 1013 in the host to receive the power-down signal by operating the first switching unit 1012 of the host. After determining the master slave, the battery management system 1013 in the master controls the master and all slaves to be powered down if a power-down signal is detected after a first time period (e.g., 10 s) from the power-up. Specifically, the battery management system 1013 in the master may send a shutdown instruction to all the slaves every second time period (for example, 200 ms), so that each slave turns off its own self-locking relay, thereby disconnecting the line between its own battery cell 1011 and its own battery management system 1013, and after sending a shutdown instruction for a preset number of times (for example, 3 times), turns off its own self-locking relay, thereby disconnecting the line between its own battery cell 1011 and its own battery management system 1013.

In addition, with continued reference to fig. 10 and 11, after the user manually presses the double-pole self-recovery switch, the battery management system 1013 of the host is powered on, the host controls the on-off relay in the host to be closed through the first output terminal Out1 of the host, and the on-off relay of the host, the battery core 1011 of the slave 1, the DC-DC converter and the battery management system 1013 form a closed loop, the battery management system 1013 in the slave 1 is powered on, and the host addresses the slave 1 after the slave 1 is powered on. After the successful addressing of the slave 1, the master opens the stop relay via the first output Out1 of the master.

The slave 1 controls the on-off relay of the slave 1 to be closed through the first output terminal Out1 of the slave 1, so that the on-off relay of the slave 1, the battery core 1011 of the slave 2, the DC-DC converter and the battery management system 1013 form a closed loop, the battery management system 1013 in the slave 2 is powered on, and the host can address the slave 2 after the slave 2 is powered on. And so on. It will be appreciated that the power-up process of the slave, i.e. the process of activating the slave.

The first addressing and the re-addressing processes are described below in conjunction with the structures of fig. 1 to 11 and the control flows of fig. 12 and 13, respectively.

Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 shows the first addressing of the battery management system 1013. The plurality of battery management systems 1013 are sequentially connected, and the 0 th slave, i.e., the master, the 1 st slave is a battery directly connected to the master, the 2 nd slave is a battery directly connected to the 1 st slave, and so on.

For the host:

first, the battery management system 1013 is powered on (step S41), and the battery management system 1013 determines whether a power-on signal (e.g., a control signal transmitted after the user closes the first switch unit 1012 or an electrical signal output from an external power source transmitted through the external signal input terminal In 3) is received within a preset period (e.g., 3S) after the power-on (step S42). If yes, the battery management system 1013 sets the local as the host, enters the host mode, and sets k=0 (step S43).

The host activates the k+1th slave through the K-th slave and addresses the k+1th slave. The specific flow is as follows: the master sends an activation control signal to the kth slave, where the activation control signal may be a message for controlling the kth slave to close the start-stop relay, so that the start-stop relay of the kth slave is closed, and the kth+1th slave is activated (step S44). Then, the master transmits an address signal of the k+1th slave to the k+1th slave, which may be an address message (step S45). The master determines whether an address response signal (also referred to as an address response signal) transmitted from the k+1th slave is received (step S46). The address reply signal may be a reply message.

If the addressing response signal is received, the K+1th slave machine addressing is completed. If not, it is determined whether the number of times of transmission of the addressed message reaches a preset number of times (for example, 3 times) (step S47), if not, it returns to step S44, and then the host transmits the addressed message of the k+1th slave to the k+1th slave for the second time. Subsequently, the master again determines whether an address response signal transmitted from the (k+1) th slave is received. If so, the K+1st slave addressing is completed. If not, the host computer sends the addressing message of the K+1th slave computer to the K+1th slave computer for the third time, and judges whether the response addressing message (namely addressing response signal) of the K+1th slave computer is received or not for the third time. If so, the K+1th slave addressing is completed, and if not, the process is ended (step S53). After addressing is completed, the host sends a message of opening the stop relay to the kth slave to disconnect the start-stop relay of the kth slave, and the (K+1) th slave realizes power supply by the DC-DC converter in the host (step S48).

The master determines whether a response message (i.e., the deactivation response signal in the foregoing embodiment) of the kth slave is received (step S49). If yes, the number of slaves k=k+1 is set (step S51), and the number of message retransmissions is cleared (step S52), and then the master continues addressing the next slave. If the determination result in step S49 is no, it is determined whether the number of retransmissions of the response message reaches a preset number (e.g., 3) (step S50). If not, the host continues to send the open stop relay message to the kth slave until receiving the open stop relay open response message of the kth slave, or when the number of times of sending the open stop relay open response message of the kth slave reaches 3, ending the flow (step S53).

For the slave:

the battery management system 1013 does not receive the power-on signal within a preset period of time (e.g., 3S) after power-up, enters the slave mode (step S54), and determines whether a host addressing message is received (step S55). If not, the single box mode is entered (step S56). If yes, the address of the host is obtained, and a response addressing message is sent to the host (step S57).

After the slave addressing is completed, the slave needs to assist the addressing of the next slave directly connected with the slave. Therefore, the slave also determines whether a close start-stop relay message is received (step S58), and when the message is received, the slave closes its own start-stop relay to activate the next slave (step S60). Then, the slave machine also needs to judge whether a message of opening the stop relay is received (step S61), and when the message is received, the slave machine opens the own start-stop relay (step S62), and sends a response message of opening the stop relay to the master machine. If the number of times the slave sends the response addressing message reaches a preset number of times threshold (for example, 3 times) (step S59), or if the slave does not receive the open stop relay message, the flow is ended (step S53).

Fig. 13 shows the process of readdressing.

In the operation process after addressing of the plurality of battery management systems 1013 is completed, a signal of a certain slave is lost due to vibration, environmental problems and the like, and at this time, the slave needs to be readdressed, if addressing still fails, and communication faults of the slave are reported. The flow is as follows:

K＝1；

the host judges whether a heartbeat message of the Kth slave is received (step S71);

when receiving the heartbeat message of the Kth slave machine, adding 1 to the value of K (step S72), wherein K=2, and judging whether K is larger than the number of the slave machines or not by the host machine (step S73);

if yes, the host continues to judge whether a heartbeat message of the Kth slave is received (step S71);

if not, setting k=1 (step S74), the host continues to determine whether the heartbeat message of the kth slave is received (step S71);

and so on.

When the host does not receive the heartbeat message of the Kth slave, the host sends a start-stop relay closing message to the Kth slave (step S75) so as to activate the Kth slave (if the host does not receive the heartbeat message of the 1 st slave, the host directly closes the start-stop relay of the host so as to activate the 1 st slave);

the host sends addressing message to the Kth slave (step S76);

the host judges whether a response addressing message sent by a Kth slave is received (step S77);

If the host receives the response addressing message sent by the Kth slave, the host indicates that the Kth slave is successfully addressed, and the host sends a message of opening the stop relay to the Kth-1 slave (step S78);

the host judges whether a start-stop relay disconnection response message sent by the K-1 slave is received (step S79);

if the host receives the start-stop relay disconnection response message sent by the K-1 slave, resetting the sending times of the response addressing message (step S80) and returning to step S71; if the host computer does not receive the open-stop relay disconnection response message sent by the K-1 slave computer, the host computer confirms that the communication of the K-1 slave computer is overtime, and reports faults (step S83);

if the host does not receive the response addressing message sent by the kth slave, the host continues to send the addressing message to the kth slave until the host receives the response addressing message sent by the kth slave, or the number of times of sending the response addressing message reaches a preset number of times (for example, 10 times), stopping (step S81);

when the number of times of sending the response addressing message reaches 10 and the host has not received the response addressing message sent by the kth slave, the host identifies that the kth slave is disconnected, reports a fault, and ignores the heartbeat message (i.e. the feedback signal) of the slave (step S82).

In operation, the event of a slave loss includes any slave reboot or power down, in which case the master can re-control the slave power up.

Any message of the slave can be regarded as a heartbeat message of the slave, in other words, any message sent by the slave can be used for assisting the host in identifying whether the slave is lost or not without additionally setting the heartbeat message.

All battery packs 101 in the application can be powered on to determine a host computer and a slave computer while software and hardware are the same, and the battery management system 1013 is addressed, so that the programming of a battery program is facilitated, the parallel connection of batteries is facilitated, and the efficiency is improved.

In addition, since the present application readdresses all the accessed battery management systems 1013, the addressing may be performed according to the connection order of the battery management systems 1013. When a battery pack 101 where a certain battery management system 1013 is located fails, a user may directly find the failed battery pack 101 from a plurality of battery packs 101 according to the address of the failed battery management system 1013, for example, the address of the failed battery management system 1013 is 3, and the user may directly consider that the 3 rd battery pack 101 fails.

In addition, the battery pack 101 can solve the problem of communication loss of the slave machine caused by poor contact in the operation process, and when a sudden signal loss occurs, the lost slave machine is readdressed, so that the signal loss caused by the contact problem is effectively solved.

The various technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, so long as there is no conflict or contradiction between the combinations of the features, and therefore, the arbitrary combination of the various technical features of the above embodiments also falls within the scope of the disclosure of the present specification.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 14, a propulsion system 500 is also provided, including the battery module 100; a propeller 400; wherein the battery module 100 is used to power the propeller 400.

For example, there may be a one-to-many relationship such as one battery module 100 for powering a plurality of propellers 400 (as shown in fig. 14); alternatively, there may be a one-to-one relationship, such as a plurality of battery modules 100 for supplying power to a plurality of propellers 400; alternatively, a many-to-one relationship is possible, such as multiple battery modules 100 for powering one propeller 400. Wherein a plurality means two or more.

Taking the propeller 400 as an example of a water propeller, please refer to the water propeller shown in fig. 15. The water area propeller comprises a host 401 and a tilting device 402, wherein the tilting device 402 is connected with the host 401. The tilting device 402 includes a fixture 120, an adjusting mechanism 130, and a motor 140, wherein the fixture 120 is fixed on a movable body 601, the adjusting mechanism 130 is connected between the fixture 120 and a host 401, the motor 140 is mounted on the fixture 120 or the host 401 and connected with the adjusting mechanism 130, and is used for driving the adjusting mechanism 130 to deform, the adjusting mechanism 130 deforms to drive the host 401 to lift relative to the fixture 120, and the host 401 is always located outside the movable body of the water area. Illustratively, the host 401 includes at least a drive motor and a propeller, and the drive motor is used for driving the propeller to rotate, so as to implement propulsion of the movable device in the water area.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 16 (fig. 16 illustrates a mobile device 600 as a water mobile device, and a propeller 400 as a water propeller, for example), there is also provided a mobile device 600, including: a movable body 601; and the propulsion system 500, the propulsion system 500 is mounted on the movable body.

Mobile devices include devices that are capable of operating or moving in land, water, air, etc. As one example, the mobile device may be a land mobile device, e.g., an automobile, truck, etc. As another example, the mobile device may be an aircraft, e.g., an unmanned plane, an airship, or the like.

The following description will take the mobile device 600 as a water area mobile device, and the propeller 400 is a water area propeller as an example: the water propeller is movably connected with the movable body of the water. The water propeller is used as power supply equipment of movable equipment in water, and can change the posture of the movable body in water, so that the movable body in water can be placed below the water surface when the water propeller needs to be used, and the movable body in water can be provided with driving force. When the water propeller is not needed, the water propeller is placed above the water surface, so that the resistance of water flow received by the movable body of the water area when the movable body moves is reduced.

The movable equipment in the water area of this embodiment can be various waters vehicles such as commercial ship, passenger ship, yacht, fishing boat, sailing boat, civil ship, can also be the equipment that can remove in the waters such as waters inspection equipment, waters administration equipment, waters environment monitoring equipment, and this application does not limit. When the movable equipment in the water area is various ships, the movable body in the water area is a ship body correspondingly. The water propeller of the present embodiment may be an outboard motor, a pod propeller, or other equipment capable of providing power. The water propeller can be arranged at the head, the tail or the side, and can be used as a side propeller when being arranged at the side so as to assist the steering of movable equipment in the water.

It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing has outlined the detailed description of the method and apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application, wherein specific examples are provided herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present application, the above examples being provided solely to assist in the understanding of the method and core ideas of the present application; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have modifications in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present application, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application in view of the above.

Claims

1. The battery pack is characterized by being applied to a battery module, wherein the battery module comprises at least two battery packs which are connected in sequence;

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the first switching unit comprises a double-pole switch comprising a first path switch and a second path switch, the at least one input further comprising a second input;

one end of the first path switch is connected with the first input end, and the other end of the first path switch is connected with the battery cell;

one end of the second path switch is connected with the second input end, and the other end of the second path switch is connected with one end of the first path switch, which is connected with the first input end.

3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein the double-pole switch is a double-pole self-recovery switch; the first switch unit further comprises a switch element, one end of the switch element is connected with the first input end, and the other end of the switch element is connected with the battery cell; the switching element is used for closing after the local battery management system is powered on.

4. The battery pack of claim 3, wherein the at least one output of the battery management system further comprises a second output, the second output being connected to the switching element;

the local battery management system is used for sending a holding signal to the switching element through the second output terminal after power-on.

5. The battery pack of claim 4, wherein the local battery management system is further configured to send the hold signal to the switching element through the second output terminal for a preset period of time after power-up.

6. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein the local battery management system is further configured to set the local as a host when the second input receives an input signal.

7. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the at least one input further comprises an external signal input for connection to an external power source.

8. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein the external signal input comprises a third input for connection to an external battery.

9. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein the external signal input comprises a fourth input for connection to an external charging device.

10. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein the local battery management system is configured to set the local battery management system as a host when the external signal input receives an input signal.

11. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein the first switching unit comprises a double-pole switch comprising a first path switch and a second path switch, the at least one input further comprising a second input; one end of the first path switch is connected with the first input end, and the other end of the first path switch is connected with the battery cell; one end of the second path switch is connected with the second input end, and the other end of the second path switch is connected with one end of the first path switch, which is connected with the first input end;

the battery management system of the local machine is used for setting the local machine as a host machine when the second input end or the external signal input end receives an input signal, otherwise, setting the local machine as a slave machine.

12. The battery pack of claim 6 or 11, wherein the battery management system in the host computer is configured to disconnect the line between the local cell and the local battery management system after power-up if a power-down signal is detected.

13. The battery pack of claim 12, wherein the battery management system in the master is configured to send a shutdown command to all slaves to cause each slave to disconnect a line between its own battery cell and its own battery management system after power-up if the power-down signal is detected.

14. The battery pack of claim 13, wherein the battery management system in the master is configured to control the master and all slaves to power down if a power down signal is detected after a first time period from power up.

15. The battery pack of claim 13, wherein the battery management system in the master is configured to send shutdown instructions to all slaves every second time period after detecting the power-down signal, and disconnect the line between the local battery cell and the local battery management system after sending the shutdown instructions for a preset number of times.

16. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the first output is configured to directly connect to the first input of the next battery pack.

17. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the first output terminal includes a first sub-output terminal connected to the first input terminal of the next battery pack through one end of the first switching unit of the next battery pack, and a second sub-output terminal connected to the battery cell of the next battery pack through the other end of the first switching unit of the next battery pack.

18. The battery pack according to claim 17, wherein the first switch unit includes a first switch having one end connected to the first input terminal and the other end connected to the battery cell;

The first sub-output end is connected with the first input end through one end of the first path switch, and the second sub-output end is connected with the battery cell through the other end of the first path switch.

19. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a second switching unit; the first output end is connected with the first input end of the next battery pack through the second switch unit;

the battery management system of the machine is used for controlling the second switch unit to be closed through the first output end after power-on.

20. The battery pack of claim 19, wherein the local battery management system is configured to control the second switching unit to be turned off through the first output terminal after the battery management system in the next battery pack connected thereto is powered on.

21. The battery pack of claim 19, wherein the second switching unit is directly connected to the first input terminal of the next battery pack.

22. The battery pack according to claim 19, wherein one end of the second switching unit is connected to the first input end of the next battery pack through one end of the first switching unit of the next battery pack, and the other end of the second switching unit is connected to the battery cell of the next battery pack through the other end of the first switching unit of the next battery pack.

23. The battery pack of claim 22, wherein the first switch unit comprises a first switch, one end of the first switch is connected to the first input terminal, and the other end of the first switch is connected to the electric core;

one end of the second switch unit is connected with the first input end of the next battery pack through one end of the first switch of the next battery pack, and the other end of the second switch unit is connected with the battery core of the next battery pack through the other end of the first switch of the next battery pack.

24. A battery pack as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 23, wherein the battery management system in the master is used to address the battery management system in the slave.

25. The battery pack of claim 24, wherein the battery management system in the master unit is configured to determine an address of the battery management system in the slave unit according to a connection order of the slave units in the battery module.

26. The battery pack of any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the battery management system in the master is further configured to monitor the battery management system in the slave.

27. The battery pack of claim 26, wherein the battery management system in the master is further configured to control the second switch unit in the last battery pack connected to the slave to be closed to activate the slave and readdrew the slave when the feedback signal transmitted from any one of the slaves is not received.

28. The battery pack of claim 27, wherein the readdressed address is the original address of the slave.

29. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a voltage conversion unit;

one end of the voltage conversion unit is connected with the battery management system, and the other end of the voltage conversion unit is connected with the battery cell.

30. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein if the battery pack is the first battery pack in the battery module, the battery management system in the battery pack is powered up when any one of the inputs receives power.

31. The battery pack of claim 30, wherein if the battery pack is a non-first battery pack in the battery module, the battery management system in the battery pack powers up when the first input receives power.

32. A battery module comprising at least two battery packs according to any one of claims 1 to 31 connected in sequence.

33. A propulsion system, comprising:

the battery module according to claim 32; and

A propeller;

the battery module is used for supplying power to the propeller.

34. The propulsion system of claim 33, wherein one of the battery modules is configured to power a plurality of the propellers; or, a plurality of the battery modules are used for supplying power to a plurality of the propellers.

35. A mobile device, comprising:

a movable body; and

The propulsion system of claim 33 or 34, mounted to the movable body.