CN117713939A - Time division duplex-based signal transmission extension communication device and communication system - Google Patents
Time division duplex-based signal transmission extension communication device and communication system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a signal transmission extension communication device and a communication system based on time division duplex, wherein the device comprises an AU device and at least one RU device; the AU equipment comprises a coupling module, a synchronous demodulation module and a first laser module, wherein the coupling module is used for coupling the wireless signals to obtain a first signal and a second signal; the synchronous demodulation module analyzes the second signal to obtain a first synchronous signal, and controls the first switch control circuit to be turned on or turned off according to the first synchronous signal; the first laser module is used for sending a first signal to the RU equipment in a downlink time slot and receiving the signal of the RU equipment in an uplink time slot when the first switch control circuit is started. AU equipment and RU equipment are connected through the optical fiber channel for RU equipment can be deployed in the explosion-proof safety area, transmits signals to the area through optical fibers, converts the signals into radio frequency wireless signals to cover, and improves the safety of 5G coverage in the explosion-proof safety area.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a signal transmission extension communication device and a communication system based on time division duplex.
Background
With the rapid development of 5G networks, 5G technology should be widely used in various industries and fields.
In some operation sites with high explosion-proof requirements, such as petrochemical refining and production sites, 5G signal coverage is required, and thus 5G base stations and AU equipment are required to be deployed on the petrochemical production sites.
According to the standard regulations of electrical equipment for an explosive gas environment of GB3836, the electrical equipment used in the explosive gas environment is required to meet the requirement of explosion-proof standards, and the standard regulations of safety ensure that base station equipment for 5G wireless coverage has larger limit on rated power consumption and wireless output power, the output power of general wireless signals is 10-20dBm (10 mW-100 mW), the coverage radius of each 5G base station is only 10-30 m, so that the number of base stations is increased in order to fully cover an operation area, however, the total power of the increased base stations is increased and does not meet the requirement of the explosion-proof standards, and potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a signal transmission extension communication device and a communication system based on time division duplex.
A time division duplex based signal transmission extension communication device, comprising: an AU device and at least one RU device;
the AU equipment comprises a coupling module, a synchronous demodulation module and a first laser module, wherein the input end of the coupling module is used for being connected with a base station, the first output end of the coupling module is connected with the synchronous demodulation module, the second output end of the coupling module is connected with the input end of the first laser module, the first laser module is respectively connected with each RU equipment through a fiber channel, and the first laser module is provided with a first switch control circuit;
the coupling module is used for receiving the wireless signal of the base station, coupling the wireless signal to obtain a first signal and a second signal, sending the first signal to the first laser module, and sending the second signal to the synchronous demodulation module;
the synchronous demodulation module analyzes the second signal to obtain a first synchronous signal, and controls the first switch control circuit to be turned on or turned off according to the first synchronous signal;
the first laser module is used for sending the first signal to the RU equipment in a downlink time slot under the control of the first switch control circuit, and receiving the signal of the RU equipment in an uplink time slot.
In one embodiment, the first laser module includes a first uplink and a first downlink;
the synchronous demodulation module is used for analyzing the second signal to obtain a first synchronous signal, and controlling the first switch control circuit to start a first downlink of the first laser module in a downlink time slot, close a first uplink, start the first uplink of the first laser module in an uplink time slot and close the first downlink according to the first synchronous signal;
the first laser module is used for transmitting the first signal to the RU equipment by using a first downlink in a downlink time slot when the first switch control circuit starts a first downlink, and receiving the signal of the RU equipment by using the first uplink in an uplink time slot when the first switch control circuit starts a first uplink.
In one embodiment, the synchronous demodulation module is configured to control the first switch control circuit to turn on the first downlink of the first laser module at a first preset time before the downlink timeslot starts according to the first synchronous signal, turn off the first uplink, and control the first switch control circuit to turn on the first uplink of the first laser module at a second preset time before the uplink timeslot starts, and turn off the first downlink.
In one embodiment, the RU device includes a second laser module, a control module, and an antenna, where the second laser module has a second switch control circuit, and the control module is connected to the second laser module;
one end of the second laser module is connected with the first laser module through a fiber channel, and the other end of the second laser module is connected with the antenna;
the control module is used for detecting the optical power of the optical signal received by the second laser module from the first laser module, analyzing the optical power of the optical signal to obtain a second synchronous signal, and controlling the second switch control circuit to be turned on or turned off according to the second synchronous signal;
the second laser module is used for receiving the signal of the first laser module in a downlink time slot and sending the signal of the antenna to the first laser module in an uplink time slot under the control of the second switch control circuit.
In one embodiment, the second laser module includes a second uplink and a second downlink;
the control module is used for detecting the optical power of the optical signal received by the second laser module from the first laser module, analyzing the optical power of the optical signal to obtain a second synchronous signal, controlling the second switch control circuit to start a second downlink of the second laser module in a downlink time slot according to the second synchronous signal, closing a second uplink, starting a second uplink of the second laser module in an uplink time slot, and closing the second downlink;
The second laser module is configured to transmit the first signal to the antenna by using a second downlink in a downlink time slot when the second switch control circuit turns on a second downlink, and transmit the signal of the antenna to the first laser module by using a second uplink in an uplink time slot when the second switch control circuit turns on a second uplink.
In one embodiment, the first laser module further includes a first wavelength division multiplexer, the first wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the first uplink and the first downlink respectively, and the first wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the RU device through a fiber channel.
In one embodiment, the synchronous demodulation module is configured to perform an autocorrelation operation on the second signal and the local sequence based on a correlation method, obtain a synchronous correlation peak, obtain time-synchronized position information of the second signal based on the synchronous correlation peak, and determine the first synchronous signal based on the time-synchronized position information.
In one embodiment, the synchronous demodulation module includes an ADC unit and an FPGA unit, where the ADC is configured to demodulate the second signal to obtain a demodulated second signal, and the FPGA unit is configured to parse the demodulated second signal to obtain the first synchronous signal.
In one embodiment, the synchronous demodulation module comprises a photoelectric conversion circuit;
the photoelectric conversion circuit is used for converting the first signal into an optical signal, sending the optical signal to the first laser module, and sending the optical signal to the RU equipment by the first laser module.
A communication system comprising a base station and further comprising a communication device as in any one of the embodiments above.
According to the signal transmission extension communication device based on time division duplex, the coupling module is utilized to divide the wireless signal into the first signal and the second signal, the second signal is utilized to analyze to obtain the synchronous signal, and then the uplink and the downlink of the signal between the AU equipment and the RU equipment can be controlled, the AU equipment and the RU equipment are connected through the optical fiber channel, so that the RU equipment can be deployed in an explosion-proof safety area, the signal is transmitted to the area through the optical fiber and is converted into the radio frequency wireless signal to be covered, the cost of 5G wireless coverage is effectively reduced, and the safety of 5G coverage in the explosion-proof safety area is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a logic module structure of a signal transmission extension communication device based on time division duplex in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a communication system in one embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission process of a signal transmission extension communication device based on time division duplex in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
Example 1
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a signal transmission extension communication device based on time division duplex, which includes: an AU device and at least one RU device; the AU equipment comprises a coupling module, a synchronous demodulation module and a first laser module, wherein the input end of the coupling module is used for being connected with a base station, the first output end of the coupling module is connected with the synchronous demodulation module, the second output end of the coupling module is connected with the input end of the first laser module, the first laser module is respectively connected with each RU equipment through a fiber channel, and the first laser module is provided with a first switch control circuit; the coupling module is used for receiving the wireless signal of the base station, coupling the wireless signal to obtain a first signal and a second signal, sending the first signal to the first laser module, and sending the second signal to the synchronous demodulation module; the synchronous demodulation module analyzes the second signal to obtain a first synchronous signal, and controls the first switch control circuit to be turned on or turned off according to the first synchronous signal; the first laser module is used for sending the first signal to the RU equipment in a downlink time slot under the control of the first switch control circuit, and receiving the signal of the RU equipment in an uplink time slot.
In this embodiment, please combine fig. 2 together, AU equipment installs in the base station side, this base station is pRRu basic station (pico-cell) and sets up near the basic station, RU equipment installs in explosion-proof safety zone, RU equipment's first laser module passes through fibre channel and RU equipment communication connection, like this, pass through fibre channel with signal transmission to this explosion-proof safety zone, and convert into radio frequency wireless signal and cover, can avoid the basic station to directly deploy to explosion-proof safety zone, reduce the running power at the communication equipment of explosion-proof safety zone, and effectively reduce the cost of 5G wireless coverage, and improved the security of carrying out 5G coverage at explosion-proof safety zone. It should be noted that, in the explosion-proof safety area, a plurality of RU devices may be provided, the AU device is provided with a plurality of first laser modules, and each laser module is connected with one RU device, so that a plurality of RU devices may be provided according to the explosion-proof safety area, and the explosion-proof safety area is covered.
In various embodiments, the signal transmission extension communication device based on time division duplex is applicable to a time division duplex communication protocol, such as TDD (Test-Driven Development), TDSDCMA, TD-LTE, and the like, and may also be other time division duplex protocols. In the following embodiments, 5G TD-LTE is taken as an example for further explanation.
The AU device is provided with a first switch control circuit to realize time division duplex communication. Specifically, the coupling module receives a 5G signal of the base station, which 5G signal may also be referred to as a wireless signal. The coupling module couples signals of the base station into two paths, wherein a first signal with most energy is transmitted to the first laser module, and a second signal with little energy is transmitted to the synchronous demodulation module. It should be understood that the main information of the 5G signal carried by both the first signal and the second signal is different in that the signal strength of the first signal is greater than that of the second signal, and the synchronization demodulation module does not process and forward the content carried by the signal itself, but rather demodulates the signal, thereby obtaining the frequency of the signal, and thus obtaining the synchronization signal capable of determining the uplink time slot and the downlink time slot of the 5G signal. And the synchronous signal is utilized to control the on and off of a first switch control circuit of the first laser module, for example, the synchronous demodulation module controls the first switch control circuit to start the downlink of the first laser module in a downlink time slot and controls the first switch control circuit to start the uplink of the first laser module in an uplink time slot according to the first synchronous signal.
In one embodiment, the first laser module includes a first uplink and a first downlink; the synchronous demodulation module is used for analyzing the second signal to obtain a first synchronous signal, and controlling the first switch control circuit to start a first downlink of the first laser module in a downlink time slot, close a first uplink, start the first uplink of the first laser module in an uplink time slot and close the first downlink according to the first synchronous signal;
the first laser module is used for transmitting the first signal to the RU equipment by using a first downlink in a downlink time slot when the first switch control circuit starts a first downlink, and receiving the signal of the RU equipment by using the first uplink in an uplink time slot when the first switch control circuit starts a first uplink.
In this embodiment, the first synchronization signal records the timing sequence of the wireless signal of the base station, and records the time nodes and the time lengths of the uplink time slot and the downlink time slot of the wireless signal of the base station. In the downlink time slot, a signal is transmitted from the base station to the RU device, and in the uplink time slot, a signal is transmitted from the RU device to the base station. It should be noted that the first uplink and the first downlink of the first laser module are both connected to the base station.
In this embodiment, the synchronization mediation module controls the first switch control circuit to operate according to the first synchronization signal, and the first switch control circuit controls the first uplink and the first downlink to be turned on or off. Specifically, in a downlink time slot of the first synchronization signal, the first switch control circuit controls a first downlink of the first laser module to be turned on, a signal of the base station obtains a first signal after passing through the coupling module, and the first signal sends RU equipment through the first downlink. In the uplink time slot of the first synchronization signal, the first switch control circuit controls the first uplink of the first laser module to be turned on, and the signal of the RU equipment is sent to the base station through the first uplink. In this way, time division duplexing of the first uplink time slot and the first downlink time slot is achieved.
In one embodiment, the synchronous demodulation module is configured to control the first switch control circuit to turn on the first downlink of the first laser module at a first preset time before the downlink timeslot starts, turn off the first uplink, and control the first switch control circuit to turn on the first uplink of the first laser module at a second preset time before the uplink timeslot starts, and turn off the first downlink according to the first synchronous signal.
In this embodiment, since the first switch control circuit has a time delay and a delay when turned on or off, in an uplink time slot, the first uplink needs to be turned on in advance, and the first downlink needs to be turned off, and in a downlink time slot, the first downlink needs to be turned on in advance, and the first uplink needs to be turned off. In this way, before the arrival of the downlink time slot, the first downlink is started in advance, the first uplink is closed, before the arrival of the uplink time slot, the first uplink is started in advance, and the first downlink is closed, so that signal delay caused by delay of the first switch control circuit can be avoided, and the transmission of the first signal and the reception of the uplink signal can be more accurately matched with the synchronous signal.
In one embodiment, the synchronous demodulation module is configured to parse the first synchronous signal, obtain a first time length of a downlink time slot and a second time length of an uplink time slot, obtain a switching time length of switching of the first switch control circuit, determine a first preset time based on the first time length and the switching time length, determine a second preset time based on the second time length and the switching time length, control the first switch control circuit to start a first downlink of the first laser module at the first preset time before the start of the downlink time slot, close the first uplink, control the first switch control circuit to start the first uplink of the first laser module at the second preset time before the start of the uplink time slot, and close the first downlink.
In this embodiment, the switching time length of the switching of the first switch control circuit refers to the time length of the switching of the uplink and the downlink by the first switch control circuit, where the first time length is the time occupied by the downlink timeslot, and the second time length is the time occupied by the uplink timeslot. The first preset time is calculated by the sum of one tenth of the first time length and the switching time length, and the second preset time is calculated by the sum of one tenth of the second time length and the switching time length. Therefore, on one hand, the integrity of the downlink time slot and the uplink time slot can be effectively maintained, and on the other hand, the downlink time slot and the uplink time slot can be effectively switched in advance, so that signal delay caused by the hysteresis of the first switch control circuit is avoided, the transmission of the first signal and the reception of the uplink signal can be more accurately matched with the synchronous signal.
In one embodiment, the synchronous demodulation module is configured to parse the first synchronous signal, obtain a first time length of a downlink time slot and a second time length of an uplink time slot, obtain a switching time length of switching of the first switch control circuit, determine a first preset time based on the first time length and the switching time length, and determine a second preset time based on the second time length and the switching time length, where the first time length and the second preset time are in an inverse proportion correlation function, and the second time length and the first preset time are in an inverse proportion correlation function. That is, the longer the time length of the downlink time slot, the shorter the uplink time slot is started in advance for the second preset time, the earlier the uplink needs to be started, and the longer the time length of the uplink time slot, the shorter the downlink time slot is started in advance for the first preset time, the earlier the downlink needs to be started, so as to realize the fast and efficient transmission of the link signal.
In one embodiment, the RU device includes a second laser module, a control module, and an antenna, where the second laser module has a second switch control circuit, and the control module is connected to the second laser module; one end of the second laser module is connected with the first laser module through a fiber channel, and the other end of the second laser module is connected with the antenna; the control module is used for detecting the optical power of the optical signal received by the second laser module from the first laser module, analyzing the optical power of the optical signal to obtain a second synchronous signal, and controlling the second switch control circuit to be turned on or turned off according to the second synchronous signal; the second laser module is used for receiving the signal of the first laser module in a downlink time slot and sending the signal of the antenna to the first laser module in an uplink time slot under the control of the second switch control circuit.
In this embodiment, the RU device is provided with a second switch control circuit, so as to implement time division duplex communication, and achieve synchronization with the AU device. Each RU device includes an antenna such that the antenna can cover the explosion-proof safety area according to an area distribution of the explosion-proof safety area. In this embodiment, the control module includes an FPGA unit.
And the second synchronous signal is used for controlling the on and off of a second switch control circuit of the second laser module, for example, the synchronous demodulation module controls the second switch control circuit to start the downlink of the second laser module in a downlink time slot according to the second synchronous signal, and controls the second switch control circuit to start the uplink of the second laser module in an uplink time slot.
In this embodiment, the second laser module receives the first signal of the first laser module through the optical fiber channel, where the first signal is an optical signal, and the control module determines a time slot of the first signal according to detecting the optical power of the signal of the second laser module, so as to calculate and obtain a second synchronization signal, where the second synchronization signal is the same as an uplink time slot and a downlink time slot of the first synchronization signal. For example, when the control module receives the first signal in the downlink of the second laser module, the control module calculates the arrival time and the ending time of the first signal according to the optical power of the first signal to determine a downlink time slot, and calculates an uplink time slot based on the downlink time slot, so as to determine the second synchronization signal according to the downlink time slot and the uplink time slot.
In one embodiment, the second laser module includes a second uplink and a second downlink; the control module is used for detecting the optical power of the optical signal received by the second laser module from the first laser module, analyzing the optical power of the optical signal to obtain a second synchronous signal, controlling the second switch control circuit to start a second downlink of the second laser module in a downlink time slot according to the second synchronous signal, closing a second uplink, starting a second uplink of the second laser module in an uplink time slot, and closing the second downlink; the second laser module is configured to transmit the first signal to the antenna by using a second downlink in a downlink time slot when the second switch control circuit turns on a second downlink, and transmit the signal of the antenna to the first laser module by using a second uplink in an uplink time slot when the second switch control circuit turns on a second uplink.
In this embodiment, the first downlink of the first laser module is connected to the second downlink of the second laser module through a fiber channel, and the first uplink of the first laser module is connected to the second uplink of the second laser module through a fiber channel.
In some embodiments, please combine fig. 1 and 3, the first downlink is the Tx radio frequency link of the AU device, the first uplink is the Rx radio frequency link of the AU device, the second downlink is the Rx radio frequency link of the RU device, and the second uplink is the Tx radio frequency link of the RU device.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the first switch control circuit in fig. 1 includes the rf switch in fig. 3, and similarly, the second switch control circuit in fig. 1 includes the rf switch in fig. 3.
In this embodiment, the control module controls the second switch control circuit to work according to the second synchronization signal. The second switch control circuit controls the on or off of the second uplink and the second downlink. Specifically, in the downlink time slot of the second synchronization signal, the second switch control circuit controls the second downlink of the second laser module to be turned on, and the first signal sent by the first laser module is sent to the second downlink from the first downlink through the optical fiber channel and is sent to the antenna. In the uplink time slot of the second synchronization signal, the second switch control circuit controls the second uplink of the second laser module to be started, and the signal of the antenna is sent to the first uplink from the second uplink through the optical fiber channel and then sent to the base station. In this way, time division duplexing of the second uplink time slot and the second downlink time slot is achieved. It should be noted that the second uplink and the second downlink of the second laser module are both connected to the antenna. In addition, the second laser module is connected with the antenna through the photoelectric conversion module and the radio frequency modulation module, so that the optical signal of the second laser module is converted into an electric signal through the photoelectric conversion module and the radio frequency modulation module and modulated into a radio frequency signal, and the radio frequency signal of the antenna is converted into an optical signal through the radio frequency modulation module and the photoelectric conversion module and is sent to the AU equipment through the second laser module. It should be understood that the signal conversion between the laser module and the antenna may be implemented by using the prior art, which is not described in detail in this embodiment.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the first laser module further includes a first laser and a first wavelength division multiplexer, the first laser and the first wavelength division multiplexer are connected to the first uplink and the first downlink, respectively, and the first wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the RU device through a fiber channel. The second laser module further comprises a second laser and a second wavelength division multiplexer, the second laser and the second wavelength division multiplexer are respectively connected with the second uplink and the second downlink, and the second wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the RU equipment through an optical fiber channel.
In this embodiment, the first laser and the second laser are respectively used to generate and emit laser light, and receive the laser light. The wavelength division multiplexer is utilized to carry out wavelength division multiplexing on the signals of the laser, so that the optical signal transmission between the first laser module and the second laser module can be realized.
In one embodiment, the synchronous demodulation module is configured to perform an autocorrelation operation on the second signal and the local sequence based on a correlation method, obtain a synchronous correlation peak, obtain time-synchronized position information of the second signal based on the synchronous correlation peak, and determine the first synchronous signal based on the time-synchronized position information.
In this embodiment, an autocorrelation operation is performed on the input second signal and the local sequence by using a correlation method, so as to find a synchronization correlation peak, where the synchronization correlation peak is a maximum point of a correlation coefficient when the sequences are aligned, a specific position of time synchronization of the wireless signal is obtained, after the specific position of the synchronization signal is obtained, the specific position of the wireless signal is input to a digital phase-locked loop circuit (FPGA), and according to the device characteristics, a time sequence switching signal is generated, and a specific advance/retard parameter is added.
In one embodiment, the synchronous demodulation module includes an ADC unit and an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array ) unit, where the ADC is configured to demodulate the second signal to obtain a demodulated second signal, and the FPGA unit is configured to parse the demodulated second signal to obtain the first synchronous signal.
In this embodiment, the ADC unit is an AD9361.
In one embodiment, the synchronous demodulation module comprises a photoelectric conversion circuit; the photoelectric conversion circuit is used for converting the first signal into an optical signal, sending the optical signal to the first laser module, and sending the optical signal to the RU equipment by the first laser module.
It should be appreciated that the photoelectric conversion circuit is configured to photoelectrically convert a signal, for example, a first signal sent by the coupling module into an optical signal, so that the first laser module can send the optical signal to the RU device through the fiber channel. It should be understood that the signals of the base station are electrical signals, and need to be converted into optical signals by electro-optical conversion, and transmitted to the RU device. The second laser module of the RU equipment transmits signals to the first laser module in an uplink, and after the first laser module receives the signals, the signals are converted into electric signals through the photoelectric conversion circuit and transmitted to the base station, so that signal transmission between the base station and the RU equipment is realized.
It should be understood that, according to the standard specifications of electrical equipment for an explosive gas environment in GB3836, electrical equipment used in an environment with an explosive gas needs to meet the requirements of explosion-proof standards, and these safety standards specify that base station equipment for 5G wireless coverage has large limits on rated power consumption and wireless output power, and generally the output power of a wireless signal is 10-20dBm (10 mW-100 mW), and the coverage radius of each 5G base station is only 10-30 meters. Aiming at the environment with larger area and higher shielding performance of various metal equipment such as a chemical plant, the 5G photoelectric remote radio equipment is used for converting the low-power wireless signals of the 5G pico-base station into optical signals, the optical signals are transmitted into an explosion-proof safety area through optical fibers, and the wireless signals are converted into radio frequency wireless signals to cover, so that the cost of 5G wireless coverage is effectively reduced, and the wireless coverage device is suitable for the environment with higher explosion-proof requirements such as the chemical plant, coal mine and the like. The 5G photoelectric remote radio equipment comprises a near-end access unit AU and a far-end radio coverage unit RU, wherein the AU needs to be accurately synchronized with a wireless signal of a 5G base station, and synchronous information is transmitted to the far-end unit RU covered by radio frequency, so that the whole network synchronization of coverage signals is realized, and the normal operation of a 5G wireless terminal in the coverage area is ensured. Meanwhile, due to the requirement of an explosion-proof standard, the RU equipment works in an explosion-proof area, in order to enable the RU equipment to meet the explosion-proof standard of an intrinsic safety level, the rated voltage and current of the RU equipment are strictly limited, the rated voltage of the whole machine of the RU equipment is 24V through low-power design, the rated power consumption is less than or equal to 6W (the power of 1/8 of a 5G wireless base station under the same wireless power), the installation and deployment cost of the equipment in the explosion-proof area is greatly reduced, and a 5G signal is conveniently covered to a required area in a remote direct current feeding mode.
Under the aim, the signal synchronization technology of the photoelectric remote radio equipment and the 5G wireless base station is particularly important, after the signals of the AU and the 5G wireless base station are synchronized, the synchronous signals are transmitted to an RU unit, and the RU unit can correctly transmit and receive the 5G signals to complete signal coverage. The overall power consumption limitation of RU units is very serious, and if a separate synchronization signal transmission module is introduced, the limitation of the intrinsic safety standard on the power consumption of the device cannot be met. Therefore, the technology of the invention extracts, transmits and recovers the synchronous signals under the state of hardly increasing the power consumption of the RU equipment, and realizes effective synchronization.
The duplex mode of 5G wireless communication is a TDD mode, i.e. time division duplex, and signals are transmitted in two directions in a time-sharing manner (base station to terminal downlink, terminal to base station uplink) on the same wireless channel, that is, on one wireless channel (frequency point), only a single direction of wireless signal is available at each moment.
The frame format of the 5G Radio signal refers to a Radio frame structure of 5G NR (New Radio), where each Radio frame has a duration of 10ms and is divided into 10 subframes, and each subframe has a duration of 1ms. Each radio frame may be divided into two fields, each field being 5ms. The terminal in each base station coverage area needs to be strictly synchronized with the base station, and when the photoelectric radio frequency remote system is used, the equipment of each remote system needs to be strictly synchronized with the wireless base station signal, so that the normal communication between the base station and the wireless terminal can be ensured.
When the AU accesses the wireless base station, coupling a part of signal energy of the wireless base station, and completing the synchronization of time and frequency by detecting the synchronization signal sent by the base station, the AU transmits the synchronization signal to the RU, and the RU controls the working direction of the radio frequency channel to be the downlink direction or the uplink direction through the radio frequency switch.
In this embodiment, in a state where a high-power processing circuit and a temperature compensation crystal oscillator are not introduced, AU and RU devices can be synchronized with a 5G radio base station, so that RU devices for coverage can obtain the same radio signal output capability as that of a 5G micro base station under the rated power consumption meeting the intrinsic safety standard requirement.
The 5G photoelectric radio remote system expands the coverage area of pRRu equipment to be 5 times of the original coverage area by introducing AU and RU equipment, namely, the wireless signal power of each RU equipment is 10-20dBm as the same as the wireless signal power of pRRu equipment.
The rated voltage of RU equipment is 24V, rated power consumption is less than or equal to 6W, the intrinsic safety standard requirement is met, pRRu can be replaced, and the RU equipment can be conveniently deployed in areas with high requirements on explosion-proof standards such as chemical industry, fuel gas and the like.
In this embodiment, please refer to fig. 3, the engineering process of time division duplex of the communication system is:
S1: the ADC and the FPGA demodulate the synchronous channel to generate a synchronous control signal;
s2: generating a synchronous control signal, wherein the control signal is 3us in general and slightly delayed in closing for a certain time aiming at the opening speed of the radio frequency amplifier, and the control signal is 3us in general;
s3: directly controlling a radio frequency switch and selecting an uplink channel and a downlink channel;
s4: controlling the power supply driving of the laser;
s5: recovering the clock signal by detecting the optical power of the downstream laser;
s6: checking the synchronous switching signal through the FPGA;
s7: the recovered synchronous switching signal controls the output radio frequency switch.
In this embodiment, the working principle of the 5G wireless remote system is as follows:
1) AU equipment couples 5G wireless signal of pRRu basic station through coupler
2) The synchronous module circuit in the AU equipment demodulates the synchronous signal of the wireless signal of the 5G base station, recovers the synchronous state of the 5G wireless base station, namely the uplink and downlink time slot allocation state of each wireless frame, and uses the synchronous signal to control the radio frequency switch of the AU equipment, namely: the downlink time of each radio frame is switched to a downlink radio frequency amplifying circuit in the equipment, and the uplink time of each radio frame is switched to an uplink radio frequency amplifying circuit.
3) The photoelectric conversion circuit of the AU equipment converts a downlink radio frequency signal into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to the RU equipment (uplink signal is reversely transmitted to the AU, namely, the RU equipment converts the optical signal into a wireless radio frequency signal and simultaneously recovers a synchronous signal to control the downlink amplifying circuit of the RU equipment to amplify and output the wireless radio frequency signal.
Working principle of wireless synchronization of photoelectric equipment:
1) After the coupler of the AU equipment couples the 5G wireless signals, a part of signals are sent into a 5G synchronous circuit for demodulation, and the AU equipment is a 5G wireless base station signal coupled through a radio frequency cable, so that the signal strength and the signal-to-noise ratio can ensure that a synchronous unit can quickly capture specific working frequency points.
2) The receiving frequency conversion circuit and the high-speed ADC are used for demodulating the wireless signal into an IQ signal, the correlation method is used for carrying out the autocorrelation operation of the input signal and the local sequence, the synchronous correlation peak (namely, the maximum point of the correlation coefficient when the sequences are aligned) is found, and the specific position of the time synchronization of the wireless signal is obtained (the part only needs to use the standard 5GNR standard process). Specifically, the autocorrelation operation obtains a wireless signal time synchronization algorithm that can utilize 4G wireless synchronization, and 5G synchronization is the same as 4G synchronization: the receiving circuit searches the air synchronizing signal to synchronize, according to the definition of the system frame structure of the LTE standard, each 10ms radio frame is equally divided into 2 half frames of 5ms, and each half frame comprises 8 common time slots with the length of 0.5ms and three special time slots: dwPTS, GP, upPTS, and the total time length of the three special slots is 1ms. In DwPTS time slots, each frame is sent with a downlink synchronization code to synchronize pilot signals at a power that can cover the full cell. The mapping position of the downlink primary synchronization signal is the position of the third OFDM symbol in the DwPTS, and the first two OFDM symbol positions are reserved, but no signal is transmitted, which is equivalent to GP period, i.e. the synchronization signal is transmitted every 5 ms.
And according to the characteristics of the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal, FFT conversion is carried out on the received signal data, then all synchronization sequence combinations are used for carrying out correlation operation in sequence, when the synchronization sequence accords with the received synchronization signal, the specific symbol position of the synchronization correlation peak value is calculated, and one synchronization correlation peak value is 5 ms. Then, the signal of the correlation peak value is used as a synchronous reference source of an internal digital phase-locked loop to carry out phase synchronization, thereby realizing synchronization with the received wireless synchronous signal.
3) After the specific position of the synchronous signal is acquired, the synchronous signal is input into a digital phase-locked loop circuit (FPGA) to generate a time sequence switching signal according to the equipment characteristic, and specific advance/retard parameters are added.
4) The wireless time sequence switch signal is connected to the laser driving circuit, and is multiplexed to the switch control circuit of the laser, namely the laser of the AU equipment is turned on at the downlink moment and turned off at the uplink moment
5) The optical receiver of the RU equipment recovers the wireless time sequence switching signal by judging the optical power emitted by the laser of the AU equipment, and the recovered signal passes through a verification circuit (verification is carried out by using an FPGA (field programmable gate array) with all time sequence sequences built in) to carry out amplifier control of the RU equipment
6) The wireless time sequence switch signals of AU and RU equipment, the uplink and downlink control signals are mutually exclusive, namely, only one group of lasers and light receivers are started at each moment: the AU laser emits, the RU receiver works to turn on the downlink, and all amplifier links are turned on only by the downlink signal channel; the AU receiver is turned on, the RU laser emits, i.e. the uplink is turned on, and all the amplifier links are only fiber channel on, at which time the RU can receive the terminal signal of the wireless coverage area.
7) Each RU device saves a whole set of wireless synchronous circuits, which is equivalent to saving the power consumption of 3-4W (the working voltage of the common synchronous circuit is 3.3V, and the working current is 0.8-1.2A), mainly uses electric energy for the power boost of radio frequency signals, does not use other signal transmission circuits, and saves the cost of the device.
Referring to fig. 3, the specific working procedure is as follows:
s1: the AU device is connected to the radio frequency channel of the 5G wireless base station, a part of wireless signal energy is coupled through a coupler, the coupler of the AU device further distributes a part of energy to a synchronous demodulation module, a demodulation circuit of AD9361+FPGA is used for demodulating the wireless synchronous signal and synchronizing the signal, and the time synchronization of the 5G wireless base station is obtained by calculating a correlation peak, wherein the part uses a standard 5G NR synchronization algorithm.
S2: after the FPGA realizes time synchronization, a control signal of a radio frequency switch is generated according to the radio frequency link characteristic of AU equipment, a downlink control signal is taken as an example, the radio frequency switch and the radio frequency link are turned on for a certain response time, the specific value is about 1US, according to the characteristic, the downlink control signal generated by the FPGA can be advanced to a wireless synchronization signal 3US (can be set by software), and when the downlink time slot is finished, the signal turn-off is delayed to the real downlink time slot 3US, so that the stable output of the downlink signal can be ensured. The uplink control signal and the downlink control signal are mutually exclusive, so that the uplink and downlink are ensured not to be simultaneously started, and the self-excitation phenomenon in the equipment is avoided.
And S3, controlling the radio frequency change-over switch by using a control signal output by the FPGA, so that wireless signal transmitting and receiving time slots of the AU equipment and the 5G wireless base station are aligned.
And S4, controlling a driving circuit of the AU equipment laser by using a control signal output by the FPGA, so that the emitted light power of the laser is aligned with the downlink time slot signal, and multiplexing the light power of the laser to realize the effect of a binary switch signal.
And S5, the RU equipment recovers a clock signal by detecting the optical power of the downlink laser, and inputs the clock signal into the FPGA for correction, wherein the clock signal is a coarse synchronous signal.
S6, the FPGA in the RU equipment is internally provided with a basic combination of 5G wireless channel time slot allocation, verification is carried out according to the input synchronous signals, a specific switch combination of the determined uplink and downlink time slots is selected, and synchronous control signals are output.
And S7, using control signals of an FPGA inside the RU equipment to control an amplifier and a laser, so as to achieve synchronization of the RU equipment, the AU equipment and the wireless base station.
Under the explosion-proof standard requirement, the lower the power consumption, the better the safety requirement is, the easier the power consumption is, but the efficiency of the wireless transmitter device is linearly reduced along with the improvement of signal frequency and bandwidth, in the 5G working frequency band, the working efficiency of the amplifier is only about 8-10% (the low-power pRRu device is not used with the technology of power amplification linearization such as digital predistortion), under the technical condition, each RU device saves a whole set of wireless synchronous circuit, which is equivalent to saving the power consumption of 3-4W (the working voltage of the general synchronous circuit is 3.3V, the working current is 0.8-1.2A), the electric energy is mainly used for improving the radio frequency signal power, and other signal transmission circuits are not used, thereby saving the cost of the device.
In one embodiment, a communication system is provided, including a base station, and further including a communication apparatus as described in any of the above embodiments.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the various embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A time division duplex based signal transmission extension communication apparatus, comprising: an AU device and at least one RU device;
the AU equipment comprises a coupling module, a synchronous demodulation module and a first laser module, wherein the input end of the coupling module is used for being connected with a base station, the first output end of the coupling module is connected with the synchronous demodulation module, the second output end of the coupling module is connected with the input end of the first laser module, the first laser module is respectively connected with each RU equipment through a fiber channel, and the first laser module is provided with a first switch control circuit;
The coupling module is used for receiving the wireless signal of the base station, coupling the wireless signal to obtain a first signal and a second signal, sending the first signal to the first laser module, and sending the second signal to the synchronous demodulation module;
the synchronous demodulation module analyzes the second signal to obtain a first synchronous signal, and controls the first switch control circuit to be turned on or turned off according to the first synchronous signal;
the first laser module is used for sending the first signal to the RU equipment in a downlink time slot under the control of the first switch control circuit, and receiving the signal of the RU equipment in an uplink time slot.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first laser module comprises a first uplink and a first downlink;
the synchronous demodulation module is used for analyzing the second signal to obtain a first synchronous signal, and controlling the first switch control circuit to start a first downlink of the first laser module in a downlink time slot, close a first uplink, start the first uplink of the first laser module in an uplink time slot and close the first downlink according to the first synchronous signal;
The first laser module is used for transmitting the first signal to the RU equipment by using a first downlink in a downlink time slot when the first switch control circuit starts a first downlink, and receiving the signal of the RU equipment by using the first uplink in an uplink time slot when the first switch control circuit starts a first uplink.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the synchronous demodulation module is configured to control the first switch control circuit to turn on a first downlink of the first laser module at a first predetermined time before a downlink time slot starts, turn off a first uplink, and control the first switch control circuit to turn on the first uplink of the first laser module at a second predetermined time before an uplink time slot starts, and turn off the first downlink according to the first synchronous signal.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the RU device comprises a second laser module, a control module, and an antenna, the second laser module having a second switching control circuit, the control module being coupled to the second laser module;
one end of the second laser module is connected with the first laser module through a fiber channel, and the other end of the second laser module is connected with the antenna;
The control module is used for detecting the optical power of the optical signal received by the second laser module from the first laser module, analyzing the optical power of the optical signal to obtain a second synchronous signal, and controlling the second switch control circuit to be turned on or turned off according to the second synchronous signal;
the second laser module is used for receiving the signal of the first laser module in a downlink time slot and sending the signal of the antenna to the first laser module in an uplink time slot under the control of the second switch control circuit.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the second laser module comprises a second uplink and a second downlink;
the control module is used for detecting the optical power of the optical signal received by the second laser module from the first laser module, analyzing the optical power of the optical signal to obtain a second synchronous signal, controlling the second switch control circuit to start a second downlink of the second laser module in a downlink time slot according to the second synchronous signal, closing a second uplink, starting a second uplink of the second laser module in an uplink time slot, and closing the second downlink;
The second laser module is configured to transmit the first signal to the antenna by using a second downlink in a downlink time slot when the second switch control circuit turns on a second downlink, and transmit the signal of the antenna to the first laser module by using a second uplink in an uplink time slot when the second switch control circuit turns on a second uplink.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first laser module further comprises a first wavelength division multiplexer, the first wavelength division multiplexer being connected to the first uplink and the first downlink, respectively, and the first wavelength division multiplexer being connected to the RU device via a fiber channel.
7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the synchronization demodulation module is configured to perform an autocorrelation operation on the second signal and the local sequence based on a correlation method, obtain a synchronization correlation peak, obtain time-synchronized position information of the second signal based on the synchronization correlation peak, and determine the first synchronization signal based on the time-synchronized position information.
8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the synchronous demodulation module includes an ADC unit and an FPGA unit, the ADC is configured to demodulate the second signal to obtain a demodulated second signal, and the FPGA unit is configured to parse the demodulated second signal to obtain the first synchronous signal.
9. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the synchronous demodulation module comprises a photoelectric conversion circuit;
the photoelectric conversion circuit is used for converting the first signal into an optical signal, sending the optical signal to the first laser module, and sending the optical signal to the RU equipment by the first laser module.
10. A communication system comprising a base station, further comprising a communication device as claimed in any one of claims 1-9.
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