CN117711695B - Large-scale high-temperature superconductive current lead double-flow-channel heat exchanger with connecting section - Google Patents
Large-scale high-temperature superconductive current lead double-flow-channel heat exchanger with connecting section Download PDFInfo
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- CN117711695B CN117711695B CN202311728517.8A CN202311728517A CN117711695B CN 117711695 B CN117711695 B CN 117711695B CN 202311728517 A CN202311728517 A CN 202311728517A CN 117711695 B CN117711695 B CN 117711695B
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- heat exchanger
- flow channel
- superconducting
- cooling
- channel
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000271510 Agkistrodon contortrix Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale high-temperature superconductive current lead double-flow-channel heat exchanger with a connecting section, which relates to the field of thermonuclear fusion and large-scale superconductive magnets. Wherein, superconductive section sleeve and transition ring weld together, and magnetism shielding material is fixed on superconductive section sleeve, plays protection and shielding. The heat exchanger is manufactured by integrating the heat exchange segment with the superconducting material segment into a whole and has a vacuum channel, a measuring channel and the like. The heat exchange plates form a double-flow-channel structure through a specific notch method, and the pressure drop of the heat exchanger is obviously reduced. The invention has stronger current carrying, lower joint resistance, lower pressure drop, less refrigeration consumption, stronger structure and lower manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of thermonuclear fusion and large-scale superconducting magnets, and particularly relates to a large-scale high-temperature superconducting current lead double-channel heat exchanger with a connecting section.
Background
Thermonuclear fusion will provide an inexhaustible clean energy source for human beings, and international thermonuclear fusion test reactor (ITER) programs will be built in the next decade. The operating point temperature of a large cryogenic superconducting magnet of a fusion test stack is typically around the liquid helium temperature, and in order to transfer current to the magnet, a section of component, the so-called current lead, is required that connects the room temperature terminal to the cryogenic magnet system. The current leads are structurally composed into a conventional current lead (or referred to as a unitary current lead or a resistive current lead) and a superconductive current lead (or referred to as a binary current lead or a composite current lead). The high temperature superconducting current lead generally comprises four major parts: 1) A heat exchanger section, similar to a conventional current lead, with a design temperature zone generally near the liquid nitrogen temperature; 2) The high-temperature superconducting section is usually operated below the temperature of liquid nitrogen; 3) A room temperature end, which works around 300K at room temperature; 4) The low-temperature superconductive segment is usually operated near the temperature of liquid helium.
The high-temperature superconductive current lead is used for supplying power to the large-sized low-temperature superconductive magnet, and is connected with the room temperature (300K) and the low temperature (4.5K), the heat exchanger section is connected with the superconductive end and the room-temperature copper head end, the heat exchanger section directly exchanges heat with helium gas of 50K at the inlet and cools, the temperature of the heat exchanger section at the outlet of the room-temperature terminal is about 300K after exchanging heat with the copper conductor, and the heat exchanger section finally flows back to the low-temperature system after passing through the flowmeter. The operating temperature of the heat exchanger section is 65K-300K. The design parameters of the current lead have well-defined requirements for the flow rate and pressure difference of 50K helium, so that a high-efficiency heat exchanger with large wet perimeter needs to be designed, and the pressure difference of the helium needs to be controlled within the required range. Another indicator associated with heat exchangers is quench run time, which requires that the high temperature superconducting material of the current lead not quench throughout the quench run time under full current, quench conditions. The structure of the heat exchanger connecting section is very complex, and joint resistance, measurement channels, vacuum channel arrangement, reasonable runner design, superconducting materials, sleeve installation and the like need to be fully considered. Combining the above factors makes its design more difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the large-sized high-temperature superconductive current lead double-flow-channel heat exchanger with the connecting section, and the notch of the heat exchange plate is cut by a specific method, so that the cooling pipe, the transition ring, the heat exchanger copper bar, the heat exchange plate and the heat exchanger sleeve can form a double-flow-channel structure, the cooling liquid flows through double flow channels, the length of the flow channels can be shortened under the condition of unchanged cooling area, and the like, and the integral pressure difference of the heat exchanger is obviously reduced. The copper transition section of the heat exchanger, the copper rod of the heat exchanger and the heat exchange plate are integrally manufactured by an oxygen-free copper rod, so that the resistance value of the connecting section can be reduced, and the refrigeration loss can be reduced. The copper transition section of the heat exchanger has compact structural design, is convenient to install, and integrates a vacuum channel, a measuring channel and the like inside. The superconducting section sleeve is provided with a magnetic shielding material, so that the superconducting section sleeve has the functions of protecting the superconducting material and shielding an external magnetic field. The surface of the heat exchange plate is treated by adopting a silver plating process, so that the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger can be enhanced, and meanwhile, the heat exchange plate can be prevented from being oxidized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A large-scale high-temperature superconductive current lead double-flow-channel heat exchanger with a connecting section comprises a superconductive section sleeve, superconductive materials, magnetic shielding materials, a transition ring, a cooling pipe, an inlet cooling flow channel, a heat exchange plate, a heat exchanger copper bar, a heat exchanger sleeve, a heat exchanger copper transition section, a vacuum channel, a measuring channel, a double cooling flow channel and a cooling flow channel outlet; the superconducting section sleeve, the superconducting material, the magnetic shielding material, the transition ring, the copper transition section of the heat exchanger, the vacuum channel and the measuring channel form a connecting section; the superconducting section sleeve and the magnetic shielding material are welded together by argon arc welding, and the superconducting section sleeve and the transition ring are welded together by argon arc welding; the superconducting material and the copper transition section of the heat exchanger are connected together through a soldering method, and a vacuum channel and a measuring channel are arranged in the copper transition section of the heat exchanger; the transition ring is brazed on the copper transition section of the heat exchanger in vacuum, the cooling pipe is welded on the transition ring by adopting argon arc welding, the heat exchanger copper bar is provided with heat exchange plates, the heat exchange plates are in fin shapes, the cuts of the heat exchange plates are cut by a specific cutting method, the heat exchange sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the heat exchange plates, the inlet cooling flow channel is positioned at the position of the cooling pipe to form an inlet of a cooling liquid flow channel, cooling liquid continues to circulate in the cooling liquid flow channel, the cooling liquid flow channel forms a double cooling flow channel at the position of the heat exchange plates, and finally the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flow channel flows out from an outlet of the cooling flow channel.
Further, the surface of the heat exchange plate is plated with silver, so that the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger is enhanced, and meanwhile, oxidation is prevented.
Further, the superconducting section sleeve is provided with a magnetic shielding material, and the superconducting section sleeve and the magnetic shielding material play roles in protecting the superconducting material and shielding an external magnetic field.
Further, the heat exchanger plate includes 168, from the one end that is close to the cooling tube, 1 st heat exchanger plate, 2 nd heat exchanger plate downside is equipped with the incision, 2 nd heat exchanger plate, 3 rd heat exchanger plate and 4 th heat exchanger plate upside are equipped with the incision, 4 th heat exchanger plate, 5 th heat exchanger plate and 6 th heat exchanger plate downside are equipped with the incision, 6 th heat exchanger plate, 7 th heat exchanger plate and 8 th heat exchanger plate upside are equipped with the incision, 8 th heat exchanger plate downside is equipped with the incision to 8 pieces analogize for a set of law to constitute the structure of two cooling flow channels, the coolant liquid flows through two cooling flow channels, under the unchangeable circumstances of cooling area, shortens runner length, reduces the whole pressure drop of heat exchanger.
Further, the heat exchange plate, the heat exchanger copper rod and the heat exchanger copper transition section are manufactured by adopting an oxygen-free copper rod, and a vacuum channel and a measuring channel are arranged in the oxygen-free copper rod.
The beneficial effects are that:
Compared with the traditional single-channel heat exchanger, the double-channel heat exchanger has the advantages that: under the condition of a certain heat exchange area, the length of the flow channel of the heat exchanger is shorter, the sectional area of the flow channel is larger, the pressure difference of the flow channel is lower, the requirement on the low-temperature refrigerator is lower, the energy consumption is smaller, and the economic benefit is higher; the heat exchanger and the connecting section thereof adopt surface silver plating treatment, so that the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger can be enhanced, and the heat exchanger can be prevented from being oxidized to reduce the performance of the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger has higher economic benefit. The heat exchanger and the connecting section thereof are manufactured in an integrated structure, and the joint resistance of the heat exchanger and the connecting section welded with complex is lower, the refrigeration consumption is less, the structure is stronger, the manufacturing cost is lower, and the like. The heat exchanger and the connecting section thereof have compact structure, contain magnetic shielding structure, vacuum channel, measuring channel and the like, have better performance of superconducting materials, lower overall manufacturing cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a large high temperature superconducting current lead double pass heat exchanger with a connecting section of the present invention.
Wherein: the device comprises a 1-superconducting section sleeve, a 2-superconducting material, a 3-magnetic shielding material, a 4-transition ring, a 5-cooling pipe, a 6-inlet cooling flow passage, 7-heat exchange plates, 8-heat exchanger copper bars, a 9-heat exchanger sleeve, a 10-heat exchanger copper transition section, 11-vacuum passages, 12-measuring passages, 13-double cooling flow passages and 14-cooling flow passage outlets.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the large-sized high-temperature superconductive current lead double-flow-channel heat exchanger with the connecting section comprises a superconductive section sleeve 1, superconductive materials 2, magnetic shielding materials 3, a transition ring 4, a cooling pipe 5, an inlet cooling flow channel 6, heat exchange plates 7, a heat exchanger copper rod 8, a heat exchanger sleeve 9, a heat exchanger copper transition section 10, a vacuum channel 11, a measuring channel 12, a double cooling flow channel 13 and a cooling flow channel outlet 14. The connecting section comprises a superconducting section sleeve 1, a superconducting material 2, a magnetic shielding material 3, a transition ring 4, a heat exchanger copper transition section 10, a vacuum channel 11 and a measuring channel 12. The superconducting section sleeve 1 and the magnetic shielding material 3 are welded together by adopting argon arc welding, and then the superconducting section sleeve 1 and the transition ring 4 are welded together by adopting argon arc welding; the superconducting material 2 and the heat exchanger copper transition section 10 are connected together by a soldering method, and a vacuum channel 11 and a measuring channel 12 are arranged in the heat exchanger copper transition section 10; the transition ring 4 is vacuum brazed on a copper transition section 10 of the heat exchanger, the cooling pipe 5 is welded on the transition ring 4 by adopting argon arc welding, the heat exchanger copper rod 8 is provided with heat exchange plates 7, the heat exchange plates 7 are in fin shapes, the cuts of the heat exchange plates 7 are cut by a specific cutting method, a heat exchanger sleeve 9 is arranged on the outer side of the heat exchange plates 7, an inlet cooling flow channel 6 is positioned at the position of the cooling pipe 5 to form an inlet of a cooling liquid flow pipeline, cooling liquid continues to circulate in the cooling liquid flow pipeline, a double cooling flow channel 13 is formed at the position of the heat exchange plates 7 by the cooling liquid flow pipeline, and finally cooling liquid of the cooling liquid flow pipeline flows out at the position of a cooling flow channel outlet 14; the heat exchange plate 7, the heat exchanger copper rod 8 and the heat exchanger copper transition section 10 are manufactured by adopting an oxygen-free copper rod.
Wherein, the magnetic shielding material 3 is fixed on the inner surface of the superconducting section sleeve 1, the surface of the magnetic shielding material 3 contains steps, and the superconducting section sleeve 1 and the magnetic shielding material 3 play roles in protecting the superconducting material and shielding external magnetic fields. The surface of the heat exchange plate 7 is silvered, so that the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger can be enhanced, and meanwhile, oxidation can be prevented. The heat exchanger plate 7 comprises about 168 heat exchanger plates, from one end close to the cooling pipe 5, the lower sides of the 1 st heat exchanger plate and the 2 nd heat exchanger plate comprise notches, the upper sides of the 2 nd heat exchanger plate, the 3 rd heat exchanger plate and the 4 th heat exchanger plate comprise notches, the lower sides of the 4 th heat exchanger plate, the 5 th heat exchanger plate and the 6 th heat exchanger plate comprise notches, the upper sides of the 6 th heat exchanger plate, the 7 th heat exchanger plate and the 8 th heat exchanger plate comprise notches, the lower sides of the 8 th heat exchanger plate comprise notches, and the 8 th heat exchanger plate is a group of rules.
Claims (5)
1. A large-scale high temperature superconductive current lead double flow channel heat exchanger with linkage segment, its characterized in that: the device comprises a superconducting section sleeve, superconducting materials, magnetic shielding materials, a transition ring, a cooling pipe, an inlet cooling flow passage, heat exchange plates, a heat exchanger copper rod, a heat exchanger sleeve, a heat exchanger copper transition section, a vacuum passage, a measuring passage, a double cooling flow passage and a cooling flow passage outlet; the superconducting section sleeve, the superconducting material, the magnetic shielding material, the transition ring, the copper transition section of the heat exchanger, the vacuum channel and the measuring channel form a connecting section; the superconducting section sleeve and the magnetic shielding material are welded together by argon arc welding, and the superconducting section sleeve and the transition ring are welded together by argon arc welding; the superconducting material and the copper transition section of the heat exchanger are connected together through a soldering method, and a vacuum channel and a measuring channel are arranged in the copper transition section of the heat exchanger; the transition ring is brazed on the copper transition section of the heat exchanger in vacuum, the cooling pipe is welded on the transition ring by adopting argon arc welding, the heat exchanger copper bar is provided with heat exchange plates, the heat exchange plates are in fin shapes, the cuts of the heat exchange plates are cut by a specific cutting method, the heat exchange sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the heat exchange plates, the inlet cooling flow channel is positioned at the position of the cooling pipe to form an inlet of a cooling liquid flow channel, cooling liquid continues to circulate in the cooling liquid flow channel, the cooling liquid flow channel forms a double cooling flow channel at the position of the heat exchange plates, and finally the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid flow channel flows out from an outlet of the cooling flow channel.
2. The large high temperature superconducting current lead double flow channel heat exchanger with connecting section according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the heat exchange plate is plated with silver, so that the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger is enhanced, and meanwhile, oxidation is prevented.
3. The large high temperature superconducting current lead double flow channel heat exchanger with connecting section according to claim 1, wherein: and the superconducting section sleeve is provided with a magnetic shielding material, and the superconducting section sleeve and the magnetic shielding material play roles in protecting the superconducting material and shielding an external magnetic field.
4. The large high temperature superconducting current lead double flow channel heat exchanger with connecting section according to claim 1, wherein: the heat exchanger comprises 168 heat exchanger plates, the heat exchanger plates are arranged at one ends close to the cooling pipe, the lower sides of the heat exchanger plates 1 and 2 are provided with notches, the upper sides of the heat exchanger plates 2, 3 and 4 are provided with notches, the lower sides of the heat exchanger plates 4, 5 and 6 are provided with notches, the upper sides of the heat exchanger plates 6,7 and 8 are provided with notches, the lower sides of the heat exchanger plates 8 are provided with notches, and the heat exchanger plates 8 are analogically a group of rules, so that a double-cooling flow channel structure is formed, cooling liquid flows through the double-cooling flow channel, the length of the flow channel is shortened, and the integral pressure drop of the heat exchanger is reduced under the condition that the cooling area is unchanged.
5. The large high temperature superconducting current lead double flow channel heat exchanger with connecting section according to claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange plate, the heat exchanger copper rod and the heat exchanger copper transition section are manufactured by adopting an oxygen-free copper rod, and a vacuum channel and a measuring channel are arranged in the oxygen-free copper rod.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311728517.8A CN117711695B (en) | 2023-12-15 | 2023-12-15 | Large-scale high-temperature superconductive current lead double-flow-channel heat exchanger with connecting section |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311728517.8A CN117711695B (en) | 2023-12-15 | 2023-12-15 | Large-scale high-temperature superconductive current lead double-flow-channel heat exchanger with connecting section |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117711695A CN117711695A (en) | 2024-03-15 |
| CN117711695B true CN117711695B (en) | 2024-06-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202311728517.8A Active CN117711695B (en) | 2023-12-15 | 2023-12-15 | Large-scale high-temperature superconductive current lead double-flow-channel heat exchanger with connecting section |
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Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7453041B2 (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2008-11-18 | American Superconductor Corporation | Method and apparatus for cooling a superconducting cable |
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2023
- 2023-12-15 CN CN202311728517.8A patent/CN117711695B/en active Active
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| Title |
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